See -s on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -s meaning in All languages combined (242.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cantonese: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cantonese: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ズ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-zu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ズ (-zu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ズ (-zu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "-സ്",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malayalam: -സ് (-sŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malayalam: -സ് (-sŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: -s"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Old English -as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ōz",
"3": "*‑ōz"
},
"expansion": "*‑ōz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-es"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-oes",
"pos": "plural endings"
},
"expansion": "*-oes (plural endings)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Scots -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Low German -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-er",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Danish -er (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-r"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -r",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ar"
},
"expansion": "-ar",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-or",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "-or (plural ending)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ar",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -ar (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐍉𐍃",
"pos": "nominative plural ending of a-stem masculine nouns"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐍉𐍃 (-ōs, nominative plural ending of a-stem masculine nouns)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-er",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "German -er (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -as, nominative-accusative plural ending of masculine a-stem (i.e. strong) declension nouns, from Proto-West Germanic *-ōs, from Proto-Germanic *-ōs, *‑ōz, from Proto-Indo-European *-es, *-oes (plural endings). The spread of this ending in later Middle English was once argued to have been the result of Anglo-Norman influence; however, -as was already the most common Old English plural marker (used in approximately 40% of Old English nouns), and was initially more common in the North of England where French influence was weakest, only later gradually spreading south. Cognate with Scots -s (plural ending), Saterland Frisian -s (plural ending), West Frisian -s (plural ending), Dutch -s (plural ending), Low German -s (plural ending), Danish -er (plural ending), Swedish -r, -ar, -or (plural ending), Icelandic -ar (plural ending), Gothic -𐍉𐍃 (-ōs, nominative plural ending of a-stem masculine nouns). Not directly related to German -er (plural ending) which has a different origin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "-z"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-en"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "one computer → five computers",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form regular plurals of nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-en:regular_plural",
"links": [
[
"regular",
"regular#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:regular plural"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-āni",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"dual"
],
"word": "ـَانِ"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-ayni",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"dual"
],
"word": "ـَيْنِ"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-ūna",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ـُونَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-īna",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ـِينَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-āt",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ـَات"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "們"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"note": "plural marker for humans, non-mandatory",
"roman": "men",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "们"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-h"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-tin"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-meh"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ow"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-yow"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-en"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-j"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-d"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-t"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-ebi",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ები"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-en"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-aíoi",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-αίοι"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ídes",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ήδες"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-άδες (-ádes)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ες (-es)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ές (-és)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-οι (-oi)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-οί (-oí)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ούδες (-oúdes)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ηδες (-ides)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-α (-a)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ata",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ατα"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ά (-á)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-édes",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-έδες"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"-i",
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-η"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ή (-í)"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ia",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ια"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-kuéra"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-nguéra"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-im",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "־ִים"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-ot",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "־וֹת"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-in",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "־ִין"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-k"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ek"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ök"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-anna"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-acha"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-í"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-taí"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-tí"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"alt": "たち",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tachi",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "達"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"alt": "ら",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ra",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "等"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"alt": "ども",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "plural markers for humans, non-mandatory",
"roman": "domo",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "供"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"note": "for everything except for humans",
"roman": "-gaḷu",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ಗಳು"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"note": "for humans",
"roman": "-ru",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ರು"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-dar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-der",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-nar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-ner",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ko",
"english": "non-mandatory",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "-deul",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "들"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"note": "plural markers for humans",
"roman": "-ne",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "네"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ī"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ae"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "-kaḷ",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-കൾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-yn"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aghyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-jyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "nup",
"lang": "Nupe",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-zhì"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ها"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ها"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-هایی"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-هان"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-uri"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "wa-"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "mi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ma-"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "vi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ar -er -or -r -n"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "mga"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ler"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-lar"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-nar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-ner",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-dar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-der",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дер"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "những"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "các"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "mấy"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-au"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-en"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-od"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-on"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ys"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лэр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-lor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лор"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-lör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лөр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-dar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-der",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дэр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-dor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дор"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-dör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дөр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тэр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-tor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тор"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-tör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-төр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-nar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нар"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-ner",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нэр"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-nor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нор"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 28 11",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-nör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нөр"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 24 15 15 12 10 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 20 13 15 18 9 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 14 15 22 8 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "shorts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sunglasses",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form many pluralia tantum (nouns that are almost or entirely without singular forms)."
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-en:pluralia_tantum",
"links": [
[
"pluralia tantum",
"plurale tantum#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:pluralia tantum"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 20 13 15 18 9 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 14 15 22 8 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We often look back on the 1960s [the years from 1960 to 1969] with rose-tinted glasses.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The Industrial Revolution went into full-swing during the 1800s [the years from 1800 to 1899 – but see usage notes].",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The temperature today will be in the low 30s.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He placed in the 200s in the end.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When appended to a number ending in at least one 0, expresses a range of numbers which share the digits before some or (usually) all of the 0s; frequently used for decades, centuries and temperatures."
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-en:numerical_range",
"senseid": [
"en:numerical range"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-es",
"4": "-(e)s",
"pos": "third-person singular ending"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -(e)s (third-person singular ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-es, -as",
"pos": "third-person singular endings"
},
"expansion": "Old English -es, -as (third-person singular endings)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-eth"
},
"expansion": "-eth",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-eþ",
"3": "-(e)þ"
},
"expansion": "Old English -(e)þ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-aþ"
},
"expansion": "-aþ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-es",
"3": "-(e)s"
},
"expansion": "-(e)s",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-est"
},
"expansion": "-est",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-est"
},
"expansion": "-est",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "thou singest"
},
"expansion": "thou singest",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "",
"3": "þú masar, hann masar"
},
"expansion": "þú masar, hann masar",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "",
"3": "þú þekkir, hann þekkir"
},
"expansion": "þú þekkir, hann þekkir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-eth"
},
"expansion": "-eth",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "",
"3": "-(e)s"
},
"expansion": "-(e)s",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -(e)s (third-person singular ending), from Northumbrian Old English -es, -as (third-person singular endings). Gradually replaced the older -eth, from Old English -(e)þ, -aþ, during the Middle English and Early Modern English periods.\nIt is predominantly believed that -(e)s is identical to the Old English second-person singular ending -es, -est (cf. archaic Modern English -est, as in thou singest). The use for the third-person singular would have been caused by speakers of Old Norse who switched to speaking English and confounded the endings due to analogy with their native tongue. In Old Norse, the second and third person singular indicative forms were identical (e.g. þú masar, hann masar; þú þekkir, hann þekkir; etc.).\nAn alternative theory sees the shift from /θ/ in -eth to /s/ (later /z/) in -(e)s as a mere phonetic simplification due to the frequency of the ending, but the objection to this is that no such development can be observed anywhere else in English. Nevertheless the relative similarity in sound between both forms may have facilitated the spread of -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-en"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 20 13 15 18 9 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 14 15 22 8 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to eat → he eats"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the third-person singular indicative present tense of verbs."
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-ZhgRyWTP",
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person"
],
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"present tense",
"present tense"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"word": "-t"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old English -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -es, from Old English -es, the masculine and neuter genitive singular ending of strong nouns. More at -'s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 20 13 15 18 9 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 14 15 22 8 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-st"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "forward + -s → forwards"
},
{
"text": "downward + -s → downwards"
},
{
"text": "alway + -s → always"
},
{
"text": "sometime + -s → sometimes"
},
{
"text": "betime + -s → betimes"
},
{
"text": "while + -s → whiles"
},
{
"text": "betide + -s → betides"
},
{
"text": "toward + -s → towards"
},
{
"text": "beside + -s → besides"
},
{
"text": "evening + -s → evenings"
},
{
"text": "unaware + -s → unawares"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in the formation of certain English adverbs."
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-en:adverbial",
"senseid": [
"en:adverbial"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant spelling of -'s, partly an archaism, partly by dropping the apostrophe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hers; its; ones (now one’s); theirs"
},
{
"text": "(neopronouns): eirs; hirs; pers; thons; xyrs; zirs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the word bearing the marker."
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix--uY1FQzo",
"qualifier": "on pronouns",
"raw_glosses": [
"(on pronouns) Possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the word bearing the marker."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-'s"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "devils doorbell; dogs-bane; St. Marys; (obsolete) kings"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -'s"
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-RezfvFAi",
"links": [
[
"-'s",
"-'s#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "on nouns",
"raw_glosses": [
"(on nouns, now nonstandard) Alternative form of -'s"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"english": "on pronouns; now nonstandard",
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-es"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circa 1936"
},
"expansion": "[circa 1936]",
"name": "datedef"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-sy"
},
"expansion": "-sy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "plural marker"
},
"expansion": "-s (“plural marker”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-y"
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puppy"
},
"expansion": "puppy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kitty"
},
"expansion": "kitty",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scots",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Modern sense in slang [circa 1936]. According to OED, a colloquial clipping of the hypocoristic diminutive suffix -sy. As AHD writes, -sy itself usually being informal, ironic and/or jocular, and possibly a combination of -s (“plural marker”) and conflation of -y as adjectival with its sense as a diminutive suffix (e.g. puppy, kitty), the latter notion probably from Scots.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 20 13 15 18 9 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 14 15 22 8 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Babs; moms; pops; homes; toots"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hypocoristic suffix"
],
"id": "en--s-en-suffix-en:hypocoristic",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, colloquial, sometimes humorous) Hypocoristic suffix"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-sies"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:hypocoristic"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"humorous",
"informal",
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Heritage Dictionary",
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-st",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -st",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -st",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -st.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ste",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-ste",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s (plural -ste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dien + -s → diens"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to the stem of a verb, this suffix yields a verbal noun"
],
"id": "en--s-af-suffix-sNw2G-Mk",
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -s",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -s (a suffix for forming plurals).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "redakteur + -s → redakteurs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form regular plurals of nouns that end in certain suffixes or syllables, such as -el, -er, -en, -em, -eur, -aar, -aard, diminutive -ie, etc."
],
"id": "en--s-af-suffix-HdTm9f~1",
"links": [
[
"-ie",
"-ie#Afrikaans"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ateljee + -s → ateljees"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form irregular plurals of many other nouns, chiefly of foreign origin."
],
"id": "en--s-af-suffix-nRGJBO9i",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-is"
},
"expansion": "-is",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-is"
},
"expansion": "*-is",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -s, from the genitive case of Dutch masculine and neuter nouns and adjectives, Middle Dutch -s, -es, from Old Dutch -es, -is, from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nuut → iets nuuts"
},
{
"text": "groot → niks groots nie"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the partitive form of the adjective"
],
"id": "en--s-af-suffix-zNvS7Lxx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "-sch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -sch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-isc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -isc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-isk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-isk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-iskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-iskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-iskos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-iskos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -s, from earlier -sch, from Middle Dutch -sch, from Old Dutch -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "winter (“winter”) + -s → winters (“wintery”)"
},
{
"text": "spel (“game”) + -s → speels (“playful”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives of characteristic from nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-af-suffix-af:adjective",
"senseid": [
"af:adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 21 11 3 4 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Engeland (“England”) + -s → Engels (“English”)"
},
{
"text": "Finland (“Finland”) + -s → Fins (“Finnish”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives or language names from place names."
],
"id": "en--s-af-suffix-gzHx7D8m",
"links": [
[
"place name",
"place name#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-իչ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian -իչ (-ičʿ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-ikʷyo-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ikʷyo-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ποιέω",
"t": "to do"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ποιέω (poiéō, “to do”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चिनोति",
"t": "to arrange, pile up",
"tr": "cinóti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चिनोति (cinóti, “to arrange, pile up”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly akin to Old Armenian -իչ (-ičʿ), both reconstructible to a tentative Proto-Indo-European *-ikʷyo-s, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to gather”), whence also Ancient Greek ποιέω (poiéō, “to do”), Sanskrit चिनोति (cinóti, “to arrange, pile up”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 0 1 2 4 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 2 1 2 0 1 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 3 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-sq-suffix-sq:agent",
"links": [
[
"agent noun",
"agent noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"sq:agent"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brian Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "English -s (“plural suffix”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English -s (“plural suffix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese neologisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hong Kong Cantonese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "有車s有樓s／有车s有楼s [Cantonese] ― jau⁵ ce¹ jau⁵ lau⁴⁻² [Jyutping] ― to own multiple cars and flats",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to emphasise that there are multiple instances of the noun"
],
"id": "en--s-zh-suffix-9r35OwvT",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"sarcastic",
"sarcastic"
]
],
"qualifier": "humorous or sarcastic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, humorous or sarcastic, rare, written only) Used to emphasise that there are multiple instances of the noun"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong",
"literary",
"morpheme",
"neologism",
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-si"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -si"
],
"id": "en--s-cs-particle-nInlX~Ub",
"links": [
[
"-si",
"-si#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ s]"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -s, originally the genitive singular ending of a-stem nouns. Cognate with Swedish -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the Queen of Denmark",
"text": "Danmarks dronning",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "snowfall in Copenhagen",
"text": "Københavns snefald",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form genitive/possessive phrases, attached to the last word in a noun phrase."
],
"id": "en--s-da-particle-rgc68rpW",
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"genitive#English"
],
[
"possessive",
"possessive#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-a"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ōz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-os"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "-as",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Old English -as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Not present in Old Dutch, which used -a from Proto-Germanic *-ōz as the plural ending. Possibly spread from Middle Low German -s, -es, from Old Saxon -os, -as, from Proto-Germanic *-ōs. Further etymology is unknown, but cognate with Old English -as (English -s).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "-s pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 10 21 20 2 3 3 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bodem + -s → bodems"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form regular plurals of nouns that end in certain suffixes or syllables, such as -el, -er, -en, -em, -eur, -aar, -aard, diminutive -je, etc."
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-B9K2Wbi~",
"links": [
[
"-je",
"-je#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"plural"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "telefoon + -s → telefoons"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form irregular plurals of many other nouns, chiefly of foreign origin."
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-nRGJBO9i",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lijk → -lijks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-je → -jes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ling → -lings"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-waarts"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-is"
},
"expansion": "-is",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-is"
},
"expansion": "*-is",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the genitive case of masculine and neuter nouns and adjectives, Middle Dutch -s, -es, from Old Dutch -es, -is, from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 10 21 20 2 3 3 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tijd → de tand des tijds"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-dhm-xM91",
"qualifier": "except in fixed expressions",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, except in fixed expressions) Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 10 21 20 2 3 3 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Pieter → Pieters jas"
},
{
"text": "iemand → iemands jas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of proper nouns and some pronouns."
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-H09CgOo3",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "lief → iets liefs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the partitive form of the adjective"
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-zNvS7Lxx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "stad → steeds"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adverbs"
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-XWJAhH8r",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "-sch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -sch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-isc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -isc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-isk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-isk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-iskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-iskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-isch"
},
"expansion": "-isch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-iskos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-iskos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier -sch, from Middle Dutch -sch, from Old Dutch -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (from which also -isch via German), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "winter (“winter”) + -s → winters (“wintery”)"
},
{
"text": "spel (“game”) + -s → speels (“playful”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives of characteristic from nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-nl:adjective",
"senseid": [
"nl:adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 10 21 20 2 3 3 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Engeland (“England”) + -s → Engels (“English”)"
},
{
"text": "Finland (“Finland”) + -s → Fins (“Finnish”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives or language names from names of nations or countries."
],
"id": "en--s-nl-suffix-FUwgLSiY",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-isa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-isa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-isa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -isa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-isa"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian -isa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-sa"
},
"expansion": "Votic -sa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-isa. Related to Finnish -isa, Ingrian -isa, Votic -sa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-sa",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-sam",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kõige -sam",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-said",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sasse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satesse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saisse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sates",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satest",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sail",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-salt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sailt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sateks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-saiks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sateni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sateta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satega",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"11": "comparative",
"12": "-sam",
"13": "superlative",
"14": "kõige -sam",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-sa",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-sat",
"9": "",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -sa, partitive -sat, comparative -sam, superlative kõige -sam)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-sa",
"2": "-sat",
"3": "",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -sa, partitive -sat, comparative -sam, superlative kõige -sam)",
"name": "et-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s",
"2": "a",
"3": ""
},
"name": "et-decl-õpik"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "au (“honour”) + -s → aus (“honest”)"
},
{
"text": "ilu (“beauty”) + -s → ilus (“beautiful”)"
},
{
"text": "lõbu (“pleasure”) + -s → lõbus (“fun”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creates adjectives from nouns"
],
"id": "en--s-et-suffix-gBAUr~5U",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-nci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-nci",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-nci.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-nda",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndat",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndasse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatesse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaisse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndates",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatest",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndail",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndalt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndailt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndateks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaiks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndateni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndateta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatega",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-nda",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-ndat",
"9": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -nda, partitive -ndat)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "-nda",
"3": "-ndat"
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -nda, partitive -ndat)",
"name": "et-nom"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "nda",
"3": "s"
},
"name": "et-decl-õpik"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian õpik-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kolm (“three”) + -s → kolmas (“third”)"
},
{
"text": "kuus (“six”) + -s → kuues (“sixth”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers"
],
"id": "en--s-et-suffix-jfaOtxxl",
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
],
[
"cardinal",
"cardinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "clitic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "sa"
},
"expansion": "sa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "sä"
},
"expansion": "sä",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "sinä"
},
"expansion": "sinä",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nContracted from the second-person singular pronoun sa, sä (sinä in modern standard language), but no longer tied to being used in second-person.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "clitics"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kään"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-han"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-hän"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-kö"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-pä"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now do listen!",
"text": "Kuules nyt! (addressing one person. quite an established expression of frustration, speaker very impatient)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Now do listen!",
"text": "Kuulkaas nyt! (addressing many people, same tone as above)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Go do these tasks.",
"text": "Tees nämä tehtävät. (addressing one person, tone less impatient)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When appended to a second-person singular or plural imperative, gives the command or request slightly rude or impatient tone—often with different verbs and different independent particles adjacent, the tone is different."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-particle-G4v47iNp",
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, go put the plates on the table.",
"text": "Laitapas lautaset pöytään.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When appended to the particle -pa/-pä that is appended to a second-person imperative, gives the command or request a slightly more persuasive or inspiring tone."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-particle-qgEVbvBo",
"links": [
[
"-pa/-pä",
"-pa#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 14 38 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 17 6 7 1 21 20 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 23 5 6 2 19 17 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 20 40 8 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 20 5 7 2 18 18 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "May you make it maybe?",
"text": "Jaksatkos sinä?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Eikös Saara opiskele oikeustieteitä? ― Saara studies law, nuh?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mainly in informal contexts: a particle appended to an interrogative suffix -ko/-kö of the verb conjugated in order to bring the conversation partner or a person outside the conversation, talked about, emotionally closer to the speaker, or to create familiarity into the conversation; also to express that closeness or familiarity—sometimes very difficult to translate well into English, in some cases corresponds to tag questions."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-particle-Nj-2ts7~",
"links": [
[
"-ko/-kö",
"-ko#Finnish"
],
[
"tag question",
"tag question#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Let's go do this tomorrow.",
"text": "Tehdääs tämä huomenna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to the shortened impersonal indicative present form (-n omitted) to soften the command or request or to make it more persuasive."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-particle-OH1x5k0K",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) appended to the shortened impersonal indicative present form (-n omitted) to soften the command or request or to make it more persuasive."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What was Finland's capital again?",
"text": "Mikäs se Suomen pääkaupunki olikaan?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Which of them was your child again?",
"text": "Kukas heistä olikaan sinun lapsesi?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Softens interrogative words, particularly mikä, kuka and their inflected and derived forms, such as when the speaker expects the person addressed to know the answer."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-particle-g~QNZHAd",
"links": [
[
"mikä",
"mikä#Finnish"
],
[
"kuka",
"kuka#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ska"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nominal"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"id": "nominal, -kse-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*-kse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *-kse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Erzya",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "-кс",
"pos": "nominalizing suffix"
},
"expansion": "Moksha -кс (-ks, nominalizing suffix)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-s, from Proto-Finno-Permic *-kse (compare Erzya and Moksha -кс (-ks, nominalizing suffix)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksetta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-steni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-staan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-steni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-vastaus"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "ä"
},
"name": "fi-decl-vastaus"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "jalka (“foot”) + -s → jalas (“runner, skid”)"
},
{
"text": "liha (“meat”) + -s → lihas (“muscle”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms some nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-suffix-bgZp-rDF",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 17 6 7 1 21 20 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 20 5 7 2 18 18 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish vastaus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kolmas + -s → kolmannes"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms fractional numbers from ordinal numbers."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-suffix-VCJ3uMKO",
"links": [
[
"fractional",
"fractional#English"
],
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ordinal"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-nci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-nci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-mte"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-mte",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-nci, from Proto-Uralic *-mte.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnesta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnetta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-kahdeksas"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "ä"
},
"name": "fi-decl-kahdeksas"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 17 6 7 1 21 20 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 20 5 7 2 18 18 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish kahdeksas-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "moni + -s → mones"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers, or ordinal pronouns."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-suffix-GzbS8tD2",
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
],
[
"cardinal",
"cardinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"id": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-с"
},
"expansion": "Erzya -с (-s)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эйс",
"3": "",
"4": "into"
},
"expansion": "эйс (ejs, “into”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*-kse"
},
"expansion": "*-kse",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-s, from Proto-Uralic *-s (compare Erzya -с (-s) in эйс (ejs, “into”)). Sometimes considered a reduction of *-kse (translative ending): *-kse > *-ks > *-s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ala- (“below, down, lower”) + -s → alas (“down”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms lative adverbs."
],
"id": "en--s-fi-suffix-U5GXAXpU",
"links": [
[
"lative",
"Appendix:Finnish adverbial cases#Lative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssa"
},
"expansion": "-ssa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssä"
},
"expansion": "-ssä",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From apocope of the final vowel of -ssa, -ssä.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inflectional"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "inessive",
"word": "-ssa"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -ssa (inessive)"
],
"id": "en--s-fi-suffix-VdHoOIfL",
"links": [
[
"-ssa",
"-ssa#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "case suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(case suffix, colloquial or dialectal) Alternative form of -ssa (inessive)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-s",
"pos": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Latin -s (accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -s, from Old French -s, from Latin -s (accusative plural).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "homme + -s → hommes"
},
{
"text": "bon + -s → bons"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the regular plurals of most nouns and adjectives."
],
"id": "en--s-fr-suffix-dEPbatow",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "landau + -s → landaus"
},
{
"text": "bleu + -s → bleus"
},
{
"text": "carnaval + -s → carnavals"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the irregular plurals of a few nouns and adjectives in -au, -eu (which regularly add -x) and in -al (which regularly make -aux)."
],
"id": "en--s-fr-suffix-2jIJynx9",
"links": [
[
"-x",
"-x#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/z‿/"
},
{
"other": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-s",
"pos": "second-person singular"
},
"expansion": "Latin -s (second-person singular)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -s, from Old French -s, from Latin -s (second-person singular). The spread of this ending to the first-person singular began in Old French when final -s was no longer pronounced in preconsonantal position. The grammarians later on standardised the usage, prescribing -s in some cases and rejecting it in others.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-x"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the second-person singular of most verb conjugations."
],
"id": "en--s-fr-suffix-9wwUpQZx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the first-person singular of some verb conjugations."
],
"id": "en--s-fr-suffix-TOH2ohoZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/z‿/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German -es, from Old High German [Term?].",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive singular of most masculine nouns, neuter nouns, and proper nouns of all genders."
],
"id": "en--s-de-suffix-t1lVp0vM",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-es"
},
{
"english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant; dated",
"word": "-ens"
},
{
"english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant",
"word": "-'"
},
{
"tags": [
"common",
"noun",
"proscribed"
],
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"english": "proper nouns; correct in certain cases, but often seen as a misspelling",
"word": "-'s"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "nds-de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German Low German",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably derived from the genitive -s (etymology 1), but developed into a noun-forming suffix in German Low German and Central German dialects.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-s m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "klacken + -s → Klacks"
},
{
"text": "schnappen + -s → Schnaps"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns from verb stems"
],
"id": "en--s-de-suffix-RkIVlhip",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]. Reinforced by the fact that French and English also use -s as a plural suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-s-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plurals of some nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-de-suffix-8g1muYm5",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 12 15 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plurals of personal names, particularly family names."
],
"id": "en--s-de-suffix-B16MgrCR",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "family names ending with a sibilant consonant",
"word": "-ens"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-us"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 29 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "só (“salt”) + -s → sós (“salty”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning \"having something, a quality\"; sometimes referred to as ornative."
],
"id": "en--s-hu-suffix-r7VpLsAG",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"ornative",
"ornative#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "adjective-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(adjective-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning \"having something, a quality\"; sometimes referred to as ornative."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 29 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hajó (“ship”) + -s → hajós (“sailor”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun."
],
"id": "en--s-hu-suffix-pNQrkk9U",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 29 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nulla (“zero”) + -s → nullás (“the digit or figure 0”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a cardinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template."
],
"id": "en--s-hu-suffix-6gSuVPx3",
"links": [
[
"cardinal number",
"cardinal number#English"
],
[
"the relevant template",
"Template:U:hu:nominal numerals#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "number-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(number-forming suffix) Added to a cardinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃ]"
},
{
"audio": "Hu-s.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Hu-s.ogg/Hu-s.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Hu-s.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ssa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ssa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ssa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ssa. Cognates include Finnish -ssa and Estonian -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-poss\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssaan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssamme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssaas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssanne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssaa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssasse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 39 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the inessive case; in, inside"
],
"id": "en--s-izh-suffix-y3R6D8fq",
"links": [
[
"inessive case",
"inessive case#English"
],
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-sːɑ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠ːɑ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-sːæ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠ːæ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-nci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-nci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-mte"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-mte",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-nci, from Proto-Uralic *-mte. Cognates include Finnish -s and Estonian -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kolmas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/kolmas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntennä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinnä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 39 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kaheksas"
},
{
"word": "kolmas"
},
{
"word": "kuuvves"
},
{
"word": "kymmenäs"
},
{
"word": "neljäs"
},
{
"word": "seitsemäs"
},
{
"word": "viijes"
},
{
"word": "yheksäs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers; -th"
],
"id": "en--s-izh-suffix-XPPnwMGy",
"links": [
[
"-th",
"-th"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-si"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -si",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ci, from Proto-Uralic *-ti. Cognates include Finnish -si.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-poss\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-V",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-sse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 39 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark the possession of the second person singular; thy, your"
],
"id": "en--s-izh-suffix-pguUnRwB",
"links": [
[
"thy",
"thy"
],
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Used to mark the possession of the second person singular; thy, your"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-s. Cognates include Finnish -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "q",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "back-vocalic",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksennä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinnä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ohja (“rein”) + -s → ohjas (“rein”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns from other nouns"
],
"id": "en--s-izh-suffix-0L5idKCT",
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used to form nouns from other nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-si"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -si",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ci, from Proto-Uralic *-ti. Cognates include Finnish -si.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Karelian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 0 1 2 4 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 2 1 2 0 1 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 3 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jalka (“leg”) → jalkas (“your leg(s)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark the possession of the second person; thy, your"
],
"id": "en--s-krl-suffix-WET1YF4B",
"links": [
[
"thy",
"thy"
],
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*si",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *si",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*si"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *si",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ś"
},
"expansion": "Polish -ś",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "-sz"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian -sz",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *si. Cognates include Polish -ś and Slovincian -sz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "chto (“who”) + -s → chtos (“someone”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to relative/interrogative pronouns to form indefinite pronouns"
],
"id": "en--s-csb-particle-qAyMIhFl",
"links": [
[
"relative",
"relative pronoun#English"
],
[
"interrogative pronoun",
"interrogative pronoun#English"
],
[
"indefinite pronoun",
"indefinite pronoun#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ς (-s)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-s. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ς (-s).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix marking the nominative singular form of non-neuter nouns in declensions other than the first."
],
"id": "en--s-la-suffix-TjiHYswg",
"links": [
[
"first",
"Appendix:Latin first declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -es",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German -es, from Old Saxon -es, the masculine and neuter genitive singular ending of strong nouns.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 45 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-nds-suffix-dhm-xM91",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 45 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of proper nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-nds-suffix-ugDnbbSj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Used to form the genitive case of proper nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "groot → wat groots"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the partitive form of the adjective"
],
"id": "en--s-nds-suffix-zNvS7Lxx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Nacht → nachts"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adverbs"
],
"id": "en--s-nds-suffix-XWJAhH8r",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lut",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"lang_code": "lut",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lushootseed entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"his, hers, theirs"
],
"id": "en--s-lut-suffix-CYUnCscC",
"links": [
[
"his",
"his"
],
[
"hers",
"hers"
],
[
"theirs",
"theirs"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-self (emphatic)"
],
"id": "en--s-gv-suffix-lqO7Y7cW",
"links": [
[
"-self",
"-self"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-yn"
},
{
"word": "-syn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"word": "-sh"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"alt": "-s(t)"
},
"expansion": "English: -s(t)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fossilized"
},
"expansion": "fossilized",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "whilst",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fossilized in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">whilst</i>"
},
"expansion": "(fossilized in whilst)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ce"
},
"expansion": "-ce",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hence"
},
"expansion": "hence",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thence"
},
"expansion": "thence",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "whence"
},
"expansion": "whence",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mostly fossilized in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">hence</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">thence</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">whence</i>"
},
"expansion": "(mostly fossilized in hence, thence, whence)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: -s(t) (fossilized in whilst), -ce (mostly fossilized in hence, thence, whence)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adverbial genitive ending, developed into the -ce at the end of some words"
],
"id": "en--s-enm-suffix-5jf1olLV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"habitual verb suffix",
"in verbal nouns: -er"
],
"id": "en--s-moh-suffix-9j09~EIQ",
"links": [
[
"habitual",
"habitual#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"habitual verb suffix",
"in adjectival verbs, indicates that the subject is not singular"
],
"id": "en--s-moh-suffix-9~T6ERiJ",
"links": [
[
"habitual",
"habitual#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Samic *-s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-odd-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sii",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siidda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-siin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siiguin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-odd-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-san",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-seamẹ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-seamẹt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-seattẹ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-seattẹt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-sis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-seaskkạ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-seasẹt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s"
},
"name": "se-infl-noun-odd-ng"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 26 8 26 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns indicating a material."
],
"id": "en--s-se-suffix-I75BR6Oz",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 26 8 26 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "golbma (“three”) + -s → golmmas (“group of three”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from numbers, indicating a group."
],
"id": "en--s-se-suffix-hPG94rw2",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "buorre (“good”) + -s → būres (“well”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adverbs of manner from adjectives."
],
"id": "en--s-se-suffix-nRGwbudf",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-ksë"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-ksë",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ksi"
},
"expansion": "-ksi",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Samic *-ksë. Cognate with the Finnish translative ending -ksi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 26 8 26 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "davvi (“north”) + -s → davás (“northwards”)"
},
{
"text": "dálvi (“winter”) + -s → dálvvás (“for the winter”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adverbs indicating direction or a span of time."
],
"id": "en--s-se-suffix-ftUtxKOM",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-snē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-snē",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ssa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-stē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-stē",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-sta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -sta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a merger of two older case endings:\n* Inessive, Proto-Samic *-snē. Cognate with Finnish -ssa.\n* Elative, Proto-Samic *-stē. Cognate with Finnish -sta.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the locative singular case."
],
"id": "en--s-se-suffix-QLHKwOz-",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "-sk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -sk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek",
"pos": "reflexive pronoun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish -s, from Old Norse -sk, a grammaticalisation of Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the passive voice of verbs."
],
"id": "en--s-nb-suffix-l65UK2vg",
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -s",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish -s, from Old Norse -s, originally the genitive singular ending of a-stem nouns.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form genitive/possessive phrases, attached to the last word in a noun phrase."
],
"id": "en--s-nb-particle-rgc68rpW",
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"genitive#English"
],
[
"possessive",
"possessive#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-isjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-isjō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-usjō"
},
"expansion": "*-usjō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-isjō, *-usjō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-s",
"2": "-sa,-se",
"3": "-se",
"4": "-sa,-se",
"5": "-se",
"6": "-sa",
"7": "-se",
"8": "-sum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "milde (“gentle, mild”) + -s → milts (“mercy”) (earlier milds)"
},
{
"text": "līþe (“gentle, limber”) + -s → liss (“grace”) (earlier liþs)"
},
{
"text": "cweþan (“to say, speak”) + -s → cwiss (“a saying”) (earlier cwiþs)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
],
"id": "en--s-ang-suffix-ZzsM0Hze",
"qualifier": "often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation; often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation",
"raw_glosses": [
"(often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants, may or may not cause i-mutation) Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: -s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "French: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: -s"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 34 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a nominative singular of a masculine noun or adjective"
],
"id": "en--s-fro-suffix-r06RRQ-B",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 34 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates an oblique plural of a masculine noun or adjective"
],
"id": "en--s-fro-suffix-VQ6jQDJU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 34 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a (nominative or oblique) plural of a feminine noun or adjective"
],
"id": "en--s-fro-suffix-OSZWs2bl",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "for most words that do not end in -e",
"word": "-z"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese nouns with metaphonic plurals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form the regular plural of nouns and adjectives, especially those that end in vowels"
],
"id": "en--s-pt-suffix-SgFTJygX",
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after certain consonants and nasal vowels",
"word": "-es"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil",
"Portugal",
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "Central-South Brazil"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "pt-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Brazilian Portuguese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "foi mal (“sorry”) + -s → foi mals (“soz”)"
},
{
"text": "grande coisa (“big deal”) + -s → grandes coisa (“biggie”)"
},
{
"text": "valeu (“thank you”) + -s → valeus (“thanks”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form slangier forms of certain words"
],
"id": "en--s-pt-suffix-pLyNwTDs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Brazil, slang) used to form slangier forms of certain words"
],
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"morpheme",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil",
"Portugal",
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "Central-South Brazil"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(They say that) you are from Cusco.",
"text": "Qusqumantas kanki.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Inez visited her sister yesterday (so I heard).",
"text": "Inisqa qayna ñañantas watukusqan.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evidential suffix, second-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has not directly experienced the information at hand; hearsay"
],
"id": "en--s-qu-suffix-sViP2jiE",
"related": [
{
"word": "-m"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after consonants",
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "-sh"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ās"
},
"expansion": "-ās",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ōs"
},
"expansion": "-ōs",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ēs"
},
"expansion": "-ēs",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from the Latin accusative plural endings (-ās, -ōs, -ēs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "amigo (“friend”) + -s → amigos (“friends”)"
},
{
"text": "cocina (“kitchen”) + -s → cocinas (“kitchens”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the regular plural of nouns and adjectives which end in vowels."
],
"id": "en--s-es-suffix-yRPS6ULm",
"related": [
{
"word": "-es"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish -s, from Old Norse -s, originally the genitive singular ending of a-stem nouns. Cognate with Danish -s. The frequent use of the suffix in written and modern colloquial Swedish is possibly the result of foreign influence, either Latin or Middle Low German.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "clitic"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 35 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form genitive phrases, attached to the last word in a noun phrase."
],
"id": "en--s-sv-suffix-mg5aSb86",
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"genitive#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-s-"
}
],
"tags": [
"clitic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "-sk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -sk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek",
"pos": "reflexive pronoun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -sk, a grammaticalisation of Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 35 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The car drives",
"text": "Bilen kör",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car is (being) driven",
"text": "Bilen körs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car drove",
"text": "Bilen körde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car was (being) driven",
"text": "Bilen kördes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The lion eats",
"text": "Lejonet äter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The lion is (being) eaten",
"text": "Lejonet äts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is a richness, to get to love and to be loved.",
"ref": "1995, Peter Grönvall, Maria Rådsten, Nanne Grönvall (lyrics and music), “Det vackraste [The most beautiful thing [\"thing\" from being nominalized]]”, performed by Cecilia Vennersten",
"text": "Det är en rikedom, att få älska och att älskas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the passive voice of verbs."
],
"id": "en--s-sv-suffix-l65UK2vg",
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Mostly from English -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 35 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "partner + -s → partners"
},
{
"text": "fan + -s → fans"
},
{
"text": "taco + -s → tacos"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plural form of some words, mostly loanwords"
],
"id": "en--s-sv-suffix-ma2jZnft",
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly colloquial, often proscribed) Used to form the plural form of some words, mostly loanwords"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-sar"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme",
"often",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish -s",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally from Old Swedish -s, a genitive suffix. Many of the examples are later analogically derived from each other.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 35 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ens"
},
{
"word": "i aftons"
},
{
"word": "i fredags"
},
{
"word": "i jåns"
},
{
"word": "i lördags"
},
{
"word": "i måndags"
},
{
"word": "i onsdags"
},
{
"word": "i söndags"
},
{
"word": "i tisdags"
},
{
"word": "i torsdags"
},
{
"word": "inomlands"
},
{
"word": "inrikes"
},
{
"word": "långs"
},
{
"word": "nyss"
},
{
"word": "tids nog"
},
{
"word": "tvärs"
},
{
"word": "utomlands"
},
{
"word": "utrikes"
},
{
"word": "i höstas"
},
{
"word": "i julas"
},
{
"word": "i påskas"
},
{
"word": "i somras"
},
{
"word": "i vintras"
},
{
"word": "i våras"
},
{
"word": "i afse"
},
{
"word": "i morse"
},
{
"word": "alldeles"
},
{
"word": "framledes"
},
{
"word": "-ledes"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "söndag (“Sunday”) + -s → i söndags (“last Sunday”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to derive some adverbs from nouns or adjectives"
],
"id": "en--s-sv-suffix--pzNXM2w",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-as"
},
{
"word": "-se"
},
{
"word": "-es"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from English -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜐ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "-s (Baybayin spelling ᜐ᜔)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pwede + -s → pweds",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix added in slang, especially in place of reduplication"
],
"id": "en--s-tl-suffix-ip8FeieT",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"reduplication",
"reduplication#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "generally humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, generally humorous) suffix added in slang, especially in place of reduplication"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "[s]"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bàth (“bath”) + -s → baths (“baths”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tomato (“tomato”) + -s → tomatos (“tomatoes”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gwdihŵ (“owl”) + -s → gwdihŵs (“owls”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plural nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-cy-suffix-oEMsOn~n",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-od"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/z/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*só",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *só (“that”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *só (“that”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"english": "if",
"word": "os"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I never saw him/her/it/them.",
"text": "Nis gwelais erioed.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "That is a phrase which is not often heard. (literally, \"There is a phrase which one does not hear [it] often.\"",
"text": "Dyna ymadrodd nas clywir yn aml.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The language is not alive unless it is used. (literally, \"…unless one uses it.\")",
"text": "Nid yw iaith yn fyw onis defnyddir.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom, which God ordained before the world unto our glory: which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.",
"roman": "Eithr yr ydym ni yn llefaru doethineb Duw mewn dirgelwch, sef y ddoethineb guddiedig, yr hon a ragordeiniodd Duw cyn yr oesoedd i’n gogoniant ni: yr hon nid adnabu neb o dywysogion y byd hwn: oherwydd pes adwaenasent, ni chroeshoeliasent Arglwydd y gogoniant.",
"text": "1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, 1 Corinthians 2:7,8",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"him, her, it, them"
],
"id": "en--s-cy-pron-NWkIGKhs",
"links": [
[
"him",
"him"
],
[
"her",
"her"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"them",
"them"
]
],
"qualifier": "otherwise obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, otherwise obsolete) him, her, it, them"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "(é)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "f",
"head": "*(é)-s",
"id": "hysterokinetic"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-s f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(é)-",
"2": "(Ø)-",
"ac": "hysterokinetic",
"nom_sg": "(é)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives feminine mobile-accented root nouns from roots."
],
"id": "en--s-ine-pro-suffix-cZGKT5Go",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "(ó)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-oHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-mis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-mis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "f",
"head": "*(ó)-s",
"id": "acrostatic"
},
"expansion": "*(ó)-s f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(ó)-",
"2": "(é)-",
"ac": "acrostatic",
"nom_sg": "(ó)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives feminine acrostatic root nouns from roots."
],
"id": "en--s-ine-pro-suffix-syP-RoUa",
"links": [
[
"acrostatic",
"acrostatic#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "(ḗ)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ḗ-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ooHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ooHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-oey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-oy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-osu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-osu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-oh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-omis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-omis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "m",
"head": "*(ḗ)-s",
"id": "lengthened acrostatic"
},
"expansion": "*(ḗ)-s m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(é)-",
"2": "(é)-o",
"ac": "acrostatic",
"nom_sg": "(ḗ)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives feminine Narten-type acrostatic root nouns from roots."
],
"id": "en--s-ine-pro-suffix-U3ccLVue",
"links": [
[
"Narten-type",
"w:Proto-Indo-European_nominals#Athematic_accent/ablaut_classes"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ς (-s)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ς (-s)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -s"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "(ṓ)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ṓ-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "m",
"head": "*(ṓ)-s",
"id": "amphikinetic"
},
"expansion": "*(ṓ)-s m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(ó)-",
"2": "(e)-",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"nom_sg": "(ṓ)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 25 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives masculine acrostatic root nouns with lengthened o-grade nominative singular from roots."
],
"id": "en--s-ine-pro-suffix-w~aLoBtO",
"links": [
[
"acrostatic",
"acrostatic#English"
],
[
"lengthened o-grade",
"w:Indo-European_ablaut#Lengthened_grades"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-gzn-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Georgian-Zan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Georgian-Zan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "-ს"
},
"expansion": "Old Georgian: -ს (-s)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Georgian: -ს (-s)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "-ს",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Laz: -ს (-s), -ზ (-z), -სო (-so)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laz: -ს (-s), -ზ (-z), -სო (-so)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xmf",
"2": "-ს",
"3": "-ც"
},
"expansion": "Mingrelian: -ს (-s), -ც (-c)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mingrelian: -ს (-s), -ც (-c)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sva",
"2": "-ს"
},
"expansion": "Svan: -ს (-s)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Svan: -ს (-s)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Kartvelian",
"lang_code": "ccs-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Kartvelian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative case marker"
],
"id": "en--s-ccs-pro-suffix-roqQJvcu",
"links": [
[
"dative",
"Appendix:Glossary#dative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s",
"id": "nominal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -s"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "nominal, -kse-"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-kse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-kse",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Uralic *-kse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ksë"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/kce, pce, kse, pse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-urj-fin-pro-suffix-dmHIdZ4o",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -as",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with analogously re-extracted vowel"
},
"expansion": "(with analogously re-extracted vowel)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -as (with analogously re-extracted vowel)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "nominal, -h-"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Uralic *-s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-hiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-hën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-së"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns."
],
"id": "en--s-urj-fin-pro-suffix-dmHIdZ4o1",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s",
"id1": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -s"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-ksi"
},
"expansion": "*-ksi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"pos": "lative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-s (lative suffix)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nEither akin to the translative suffix *-ksi or alternatively from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-s (lative suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 16 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms lative adverbs."
],
"id": "en--s-urj-fin-pro-suffix-U5GXAXpU",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans adjective-forming suffixes",
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans noun-forming suffixes",
"Afrikaans suffixes",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-st",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -st",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -st",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -st.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ste",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-ste",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s (plural -ste)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dien + -s → diens"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to the stem of a verb, this suffix yields a verbal noun"
],
"links": [
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans adjective-forming suffixes",
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans inflectional suffixes",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans suffixes",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -s",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -s (a suffix for forming plurals).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "redakteur + -s → redakteurs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form regular plurals of nouns that end in certain suffixes or syllables, such as -el, -er, -en, -em, -eur, -aar, -aard, diminutive -ie, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"-ie",
"-ie#Afrikaans"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ateljee + -s → ateljees"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form irregular plurals of many other nouns, chiefly of foreign origin."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans adjective-forming suffixes",
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans inflectional suffixes",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans suffixes",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-is"
},
"expansion": "-is",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-is"
},
"expansion": "*-is",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -s, from the genitive case of Dutch masculine and neuter nouns and adjectives, Middle Dutch -s, -es, from Old Dutch -es, -is, from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nuut → iets nuuts"
},
{
"text": "groot → niks groots nie"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the partitive form of the adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans adjective-forming suffixes",
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans suffixes",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Dutch -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "-sch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -sch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-isc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -isc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-isk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-isk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-iskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-iskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-iskos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-iskos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Dutch -s, from earlier -sch, from Middle Dutch -sch, from Old Dutch -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "winter (“winter”) + -s → winters (“wintery”)"
},
{
"text": "spel (“game”) + -s → speels (“playful”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives of characteristic from nouns."
],
"senseid": [
"af:adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Engeland (“England”) + -s → Engels (“English”)"
},
{
"text": "Finland (“Finland”) + -s → Fins (“Finnish”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives or language names from place names."
],
"links": [
[
"place name",
"place name#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-իչ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian -իչ (-ičʿ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-ikʷyo-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ikʷyo-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ποιέω",
"t": "to do"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ποιέω (poiéō, “to do”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चिनोति",
"t": "to arrange, pile up",
"tr": "cinóti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चिनोति (cinóti, “to arrange, pile up”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly akin to Old Armenian -իչ (-ičʿ), both reconstructible to a tentative Proto-Indo-European *-ikʷyo-s, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to gather”), whence also Ancient Greek ποιέω (poiéō, “to do”), Sanskrit चिनोति (cinóti, “to arrange, pile up”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian suffixes",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms agent nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"agent noun",
"agent noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"sq:agent"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brian Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "English -s (“plural suffix”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English -s (“plural suffix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese suffixes",
"Cantonese terms borrowed from English",
"Cantonese terms derived from English",
"Cantonese terms with usage examples",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese humorous terms",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese neologisms",
"Chinese sarcastic terms",
"Chinese suffixes",
"Chinese terms with rare senses",
"Hong Kong Cantonese",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "有車s有樓s／有车s有楼s [Cantonese] ― jau⁵ ce¹ jau⁵ lau⁴⁻² [Jyutping] ― to own multiple cars and flats",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to emphasise that there are multiple instances of the noun"
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"sarcastic",
"sarcastic"
]
],
"qualifier": "humorous or sarcastic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, humorous or sarcastic, rare, written only) Used to emphasise that there are multiple instances of the noun"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong",
"literary",
"morpheme",
"neologism",
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-si"
}
],
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech particles",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -si"
],
"links": [
[
"-si",
"-si#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ s]"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -s, originally the genitive singular ending of a-stem nouns. Cognate with Swedish -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish particles",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Danish terms with usage examples",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the Queen of Denmark",
"text": "Danmarks dronning",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "snowfall in Copenhagen",
"text": "Københavns snefald",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form genitive/possessive phrases, attached to the last word in a noun phrase."
],
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"genitive#English"
],
[
"possessive",
"possessive#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch inflectional suffixes",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch pluralia tantum",
"Dutch suffixes",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-a"
},
"expansion": "-a",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ōz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-os"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "-as",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Old English -as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Not present in Old Dutch, which used -a from Proto-Germanic *-ōz as the plural ending. Possibly spread from Middle Low German -s, -es, from Old Saxon -os, -as, from Proto-Germanic *-ōs. Further etymology is unknown, but cognate with Old English -as (English -s).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "-s pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bodem + -s → bodems"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form regular plurals of nouns that end in certain suffixes or syllables, such as -el, -er, -en, -em, -eur, -aar, -aard, diminutive -je, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"-je",
"-je#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"plural"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "telefoon + -s → telefoons"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form irregular plurals of many other nouns, chiefly of foreign origin."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Dutch adverb-forming suffixes",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch inflectional suffixes",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch suffixes",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-lijk → -lijks"
},
{
"word": "-je → -jes"
},
{
"word": "-ling → -lings"
},
{
"word": "-waarts"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-is"
},
"expansion": "-is",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-is"
},
"expansion": "*-is",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the genitive case of masculine and neuter nouns and adjectives, Middle Dutch -s, -es, from Old Dutch -es, -is, from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with archaic senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tijd → de tand des tijds"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"qualifier": "except in fixed expressions",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, except in fixed expressions) Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Pieter → Pieters jas"
},
{
"text": "iemand → iemands jas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of proper nouns and some pronouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "lief → iets liefs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the partitive form of the adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "stad → steeds"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adverbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch suffixes",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "-sch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "-sch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch -sch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "-isc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -isc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-isk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-isk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-iskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-iskaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-isch"
},
"expansion": "-isch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-iskos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-iskos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier -sch, from Middle Dutch -sch, from Old Dutch -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (from which also -isch via German), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "winter (“winter”) + -s → winters (“wintery”)"
},
{
"text": "spel (“game”) + -s → speels (“playful”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives of characteristic from nouns."
],
"senseid": [
"nl:adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Engeland (“England”) + -s → Engels (“English”)"
},
{
"text": "Finland (“Finland”) + -s → Fins (“Finnish”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives or language names from names of nations or countries."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English inflectional suffixes",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cantonese: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cantonese: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ズ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-zu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ズ (-zu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ズ (-zu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "-സ്",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malayalam: -സ് (-sŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malayalam: -സ് (-sŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "-s",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: -s"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Old English -as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ōz",
"3": "*‑ōz"
},
"expansion": "*‑ōz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-es"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-oes",
"pos": "plural endings"
},
"expansion": "*-oes (plural endings)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Scots -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Low German -s (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-er",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Danish -er (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-r"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -r",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ar"
},
"expansion": "-ar",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-or",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "-or (plural ending)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ar",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -ar (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐍉𐍃",
"pos": "nominative plural ending of a-stem masculine nouns"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐍉𐍃 (-ōs, nominative plural ending of a-stem masculine nouns)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-er",
"pos": "plural ending"
},
"expansion": "German -er (plural ending)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -as, nominative-accusative plural ending of masculine a-stem (i.e. strong) declension nouns, from Proto-West Germanic *-ōs, from Proto-Germanic *-ōs, *‑ōz, from Proto-Indo-European *-es, *-oes (plural endings). The spread of this ending in later Middle English was once argued to have been the result of Anglo-Norman influence; however, -as was already the most common Old English plural marker (used in approximately 40% of Old English nouns), and was initially more common in the North of England where French influence was weakest, only later gradually spreading south. Cognate with Scots -s (plural ending), Saterland Frisian -s (plural ending), West Frisian -s (plural ending), Dutch -s (plural ending), Low German -s (plural ending), Danish -er (plural ending), Swedish -r, -ar, -or (plural ending), Icelandic -ar (plural ending), Gothic -𐍉𐍃 (-ōs, nominative plural ending of a-stem masculine nouns). Not directly related to German -er (plural ending) which has a different origin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-es"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-ir"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "-z"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "one computer → five computers",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form regular plurals of nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"regular",
"regular#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:regular plural"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "shorts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sunglasses",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form many pluralia tantum (nouns that are almost or entirely without singular forms)."
],
"links": [
[
"pluralia tantum",
"plurale tantum#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:pluralia tantum"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We often look back on the 1960s [the years from 1960 to 1969] with rose-tinted glasses.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The Industrial Revolution went into full-swing during the 1800s [the years from 1800 to 1899 – but see usage notes].",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The temperature today will be in the low 30s.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He placed in the 200s in the end.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When appended to a number ending in at least one 0, expresses a range of numbers which share the digits before some or (usually) all of the 0s; frequently used for decades, centuries and temperatures."
],
"senseid": [
"en:numerical range"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-āni",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"dual"
],
"word": "ـَانِ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-ayni",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"dual"
],
"word": "ـَيْنِ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-ūna",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ـُونَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-īna",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ـِينَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "-āt",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ـَات"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "們"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"note": "plural marker for humans, non-mandatory",
"roman": "men",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "们"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-h"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-tin"
},
{
"code": "nci",
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-meh"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ow"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-yow"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-en"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-j"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-d"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-t"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-ebi",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ები"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-en"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-aíoi",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-αίοι"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ídes",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ήδες"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-άδες (-ádes)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ες (-es)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ές (-és)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-οι (-oi)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-οί (-oí)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ούδες (-oúdes)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ηδες (-ides)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-α (-a)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ata",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ατα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ά (-á)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-édes",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-έδες"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"-i",
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-η"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ή (-í)"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "-ia",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ια"
},
{
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-kuéra"
},
{
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-nguéra"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-im",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "־ִים"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-ot",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "־וֹת"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-in",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "־ִין"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-k"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ek"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ök"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-anna"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-acha"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-í"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-taí"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-tí"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aigh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"alt": "たち",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tachi",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "達"
},
{
"alt": "ら",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ra",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "等"
},
{
"alt": "ども",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"note": "plural markers for humans, non-mandatory",
"roman": "domo",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "供"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"note": "for everything except for humans",
"roman": "-gaḷu",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ಗಳು"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"note": "for humans",
"roman": "-ru",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ರು"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лер"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тер"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-dar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дар"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "-der",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дер"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лер"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-nar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нар"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-ner",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нер"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тер"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"english": "non-mandatory",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "-deul",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "들"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"note": "plural markers for humans",
"roman": "-ne",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "네"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ī"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-ae"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "-kaḷ",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-കൾ"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-yn"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aghyn"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-jyn"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"code": "nup",
"lang": "Nupe",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-zhì"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ها"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ها"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-هایی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-هان"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-uri"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "wa-"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "mi-"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "ma-"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "vi-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ar -er -or -r -n"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "mga"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ler"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-lar"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лер"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-nar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нар"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-ner",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нер"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тер"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-dar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дар"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "-der",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дер"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "những"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "các"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "mấy"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-au"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-en"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-od"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-on"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-ys"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-lar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лар"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-ler",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лэр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-lor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лор"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-lör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-лөр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-dar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дар"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-der",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дэр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-dor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дор"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-dör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-дөр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-tar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тар"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-ter",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тэр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-tor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-тор"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-tör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-төр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-nar",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нар"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-ner",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нэр"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-nor",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нор"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "-nör",
"sense": "regular plurals of nouns",
"word": "-нөр"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English inflectional suffixes",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-es",
"4": "-(e)s",
"pos": "third-person singular ending"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -(e)s (third-person singular ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-es, -as",
"pos": "third-person singular endings"
},
"expansion": "Old English -es, -as (third-person singular endings)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-eth"
},
"expansion": "-eth",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-eþ",
"3": "-(e)þ"
},
"expansion": "Old English -(e)þ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-aþ"
},
"expansion": "-aþ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-es",
"3": "-(e)s"
},
"expansion": "-(e)s",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-est"
},
"expansion": "-est",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-est"
},
"expansion": "-est",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "thou singest"
},
"expansion": "thou singest",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "",
"3": "þú masar, hann masar"
},
"expansion": "þú masar, hann masar",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "",
"3": "þú þekkir, hann þekkir"
},
"expansion": "þú þekkir, hann þekkir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-eth"
},
"expansion": "-eth",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "",
"3": "-(e)s"
},
"expansion": "-(e)s",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "-es",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -(e)s (third-person singular ending), from Northumbrian Old English -es, -as (third-person singular endings). Gradually replaced the older -eth, from Old English -(e)þ, -aþ, during the Middle English and Early Modern English periods.\nIt is predominantly believed that -(e)s is identical to the Old English second-person singular ending -es, -est (cf. archaic Modern English -est, as in thou singest). The use for the third-person singular would have been caused by speakers of Old Norse who switched to speaking English and confounded the endings due to analogy with their native tongue. In Old Norse, the second and third person singular indicative forms were identical (e.g. þú masar, hann masar; þú þekkir, hann þekkir; etc.).\nAn alternative theory sees the shift from /θ/ in -eth to /s/ (later /z/) in -(e)s as a mere phonetic simplification due to the frequency of the ending, but the objection to this is that no such development can be observed anywhere else in English. Nevertheless the relative similarity in sound between both forms may have facilitated the spread of -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"word": "-t"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "to eat → he eats"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the third-person singular indicative present tense of verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person"
],
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"present tense",
"present tense"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverb-forming suffixes",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-st"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old English -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -es, from Old English -es, the masculine and neuter genitive singular ending of strong nouns. More at -'s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "forward + -s → forwards"
},
{
"text": "downward + -s → downwards"
},
{
"text": "alway + -s → always"
},
{
"text": "sometime + -s → sometimes"
},
{
"text": "betime + -s → betimes"
},
{
"text": "while + -s → whiles"
},
{
"text": "betide + -s → betides"
},
{
"text": "toward + -s → towards"
},
{
"text": "beside + -s → besides"
},
{
"text": "evening + -s → evenings"
},
{
"text": "unaware + -s → unawares"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in the formation of certain English adverbs."
],
"senseid": [
"en:adverbial"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-'s"
},
"expansion": "-'s",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant spelling of -'s, partly an archaism, partly by dropping the apostrophe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hers; its; ones (now one’s); theirs"
},
{
"text": "(neopronouns): eirs; hirs; pers; thons; xyrs; zirs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the word bearing the marker."
],
"qualifier": "on pronouns",
"raw_glosses": [
"(on pronouns) Possessive marker, indicating that an object belongs to the word bearing the marker."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-'s"
}
],
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English nonstandard terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "devils doorbell; dogs-bane; St. Marys; (obsolete) kings"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -'s"
],
"links": [
[
"-'s",
"-'s#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "on nouns",
"raw_glosses": [
"(on nouns, now nonstandard) Alternative form of -'s"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "on pronouns; now nonstandard",
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "-es"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circa 1936"
},
"expansion": "[circa 1936]",
"name": "datedef"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-sy"
},
"expansion": "-sy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s",
"3": "",
"4": "plural marker"
},
"expansion": "-s (“plural marker”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-y"
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puppy"
},
"expansion": "puppy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kitty"
},
"expansion": "kitty",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scots",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Modern sense in slang [circa 1936]. According to OED, a colloquial clipping of the hypocoristic diminutive suffix -sy. As AHD writes, -sy itself usually being informal, ironic and/or jocular, and possibly a combination of -s (“plural marker”) and conflation of -y as adjectival with its sense as a diminutive suffix (e.g. puppy, kitty), the latter notion probably from Scots.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-sies"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English humorous terms",
"English informal terms",
"English links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Babs; moms; pops; homes; toots"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hypocoristic suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, colloquial, sometimes humorous) Hypocoristic suffix"
],
"senseid": [
"en:hypocoristic"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"humorous",
"informal",
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/z/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əz/"
},
{
"homophone": "-'s"
},
{
"homophone": "'s"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"American Heritage Dictionary",
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian adjective-forming suffixes",
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian õpik-type nominals",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-isa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-isa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-isa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -isa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-isa"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian -isa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "-sa"
},
"expansion": "Votic -sa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-isa. Related to Finnish -isa, Ingrian -isa, Votic -sa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-sa",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-sam",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kõige -sam",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-said",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sasse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satesse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saisse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sates",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satest",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sail",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-salt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sailt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sateks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-saiks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sateni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sateta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-saga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-satega",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"11": "comparative",
"12": "-sam",
"13": "superlative",
"14": "kõige -sam",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-sa",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-sat",
"9": "",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -sa, partitive -sat, comparative -sam, superlative kõige -sam)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-sa",
"2": "-sat",
"3": "",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -sa, partitive -sat, comparative -sam, superlative kõige -sam)",
"name": "et-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s",
"2": "a",
"3": ""
},
"name": "et-decl-õpik"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "au (“honour”) + -s → aus (“honest”)"
},
{
"text": "ilu (“beauty”) + -s → ilus (“beautiful”)"
},
{
"text": "lõbu (“pleasure”) + -s → lõbus (“fun”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creates adjectives from nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian õpik-type nominals",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-nci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-nci",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-nci.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-nda",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndat",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/õpik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndasse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatesse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaisse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndates",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndast",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatest",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndail",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndalt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndailt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndateks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaiks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndani",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndateni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndateta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndaga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndatega",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-nda",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-ndat",
"9": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -nda, partitive -ndat)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "-nda",
"3": "-ndat"
},
"expansion": "-s (genitive -nda, partitive -ndat)",
"name": "et-nom"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "nda",
"3": "s"
},
"name": "et-decl-õpik"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kolm (“three”) + -s → kolmas (“third”)"
},
{
"text": "kuus (“six”) + -s → kuues (“sixth”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers"
],
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
],
[
"cardinal",
"cardinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish clitics",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Finnish familiar terms",
"Finnish inflectional suffixes",
"Finnish informal terms",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish particles",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "clitic"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "sa"
},
"expansion": "sa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "sä"
},
"expansion": "sä",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "sinä"
},
"expansion": "sinä",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nContracted from the second-person singular pronoun sa, sä (sinä in modern standard language), but no longer tied to being used in second-person.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "clitics"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"word": "-kin"
},
{
"word": "-kaan"
},
{
"word": "-kään"
},
{
"word": "-han"
},
{
"word": "-hän"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-kö"
},
{
"word": "-pa"
},
{
"word": "-pä"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now do listen!",
"text": "Kuules nyt! (addressing one person. quite an established expression of frustration, speaker very impatient)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Now do listen!",
"text": "Kuulkaas nyt! (addressing many people, same tone as above)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Go do these tasks.",
"text": "Tees nämä tehtävät. (addressing one person, tone less impatient)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When appended to a second-person singular or plural imperative, gives the command or request slightly rude or impatient tone—often with different verbs and different independent particles adjacent, the tone is different."
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hey, go put the plates on the table.",
"text": "Laitapas lautaset pöytään.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When appended to the particle -pa/-pä that is appended to a second-person imperative, gives the command or request a slightly more persuasive or inspiring tone."
],
"links": [
[
"-pa/-pä",
"-pa#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "May you make it maybe?",
"text": "Jaksatkos sinä?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Eikös Saara opiskele oikeustieteitä? ― Saara studies law, nuh?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mainly in informal contexts: a particle appended to an interrogative suffix -ko/-kö of the verb conjugated in order to bring the conversation partner or a person outside the conversation, talked about, emotionally closer to the speaker, or to create familiarity into the conversation; also to express that closeness or familiarity—sometimes very difficult to translate well into English, in some cases corresponds to tag questions."
],
"links": [
[
"-ko/-kö",
"-ko#Finnish"
],
[
"tag question",
"tag question#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish colloquialisms",
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Let's go do this tomorrow.",
"text": "Tehdääs tämä huomenna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to the shortened impersonal indicative present form (-n omitted) to soften the command or request or to make it more persuasive."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) appended to the shortened impersonal indicative present form (-n omitted) to soften the command or request or to make it more persuasive."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finnish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What was Finland's capital again?",
"text": "Mikäs se Suomen pääkaupunki olikaan?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Which of them was your child again?",
"text": "Kukas heistä olikaan sinun lapsesi?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Softens interrogative words, particularly mikä, kuka and their inflected and derived forms, such as when the speaker expects the person addressed to know the answer."
],
"links": [
[
"mikä",
"mikä#Finnish"
],
[
"kuka",
"kuka#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"enclitic",
"familiar",
"informal",
"particle"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Finnish inflectional suffixes",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish noun-forming suffixes",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Finnish vastaus-type nominals",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ska"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "nominal"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"id": "nominal, -kse-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*-kse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *-kse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Erzya",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "-кс",
"pos": "nominalizing suffix"
},
"expansion": "Moksha -кс (-ks, nominalizing suffix)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-s, from Proto-Finno-Permic *-kse (compare Erzya and Moksha -кс (-ks, nominalizing suffix)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksetta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-steni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-staan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "39/vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-steni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-vastaus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksessänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksestänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksistänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiinsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksellensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksillensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksettänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksittänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-vastaus"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "ä"
},
"name": "fi-decl-vastaus"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "jalka (“foot”) + -s → jalas (“runner, skid”)"
},
{
"text": "liha (“meat”) + -s → lihas (“muscle”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms some nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kolmas + -s → kolmannes"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms fractional numbers from ordinal numbers."
],
"links": [
[
"fractional",
"fractional#English"
],
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Finnish inflectional suffixes",
"Finnish kahdeksas-type nominals",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ordinal"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-nci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-nci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-mte"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-mte",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-nci, from Proto-Uralic *-mte.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnesta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnetta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsianne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsien",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nt-nn gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "45*J/kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsieni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilläni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittäni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilläsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittäsi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittämme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsienne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittänne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kahdeksas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnessänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsissänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnestänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsistänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiltänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnellensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsillensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntenänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnekseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiksensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnettänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittään",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsittänsä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsinensä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-kahdeksas"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "ä"
},
"name": "fi-decl-kahdeksas"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "moni + -s → mones"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers, or ordinal pronouns."
],
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
],
[
"cardinal",
"cardinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish adverb-forming suffixes",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Finnish inflectional suffixes",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"id": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-с"
},
"expansion": "Erzya -с (-s)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эйс",
"3": "",
"4": "into"
},
"expansion": "эйс (ejs, “into”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*-kse"
},
"expansion": "*-kse",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-s, from Proto-Uralic *-s (compare Erzya -с (-s) in эйс (ejs, “into”)). Sometimes considered a reduction of *-kse (translative ending): *-kse > *-ks > *-s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ala- (“below, down, lower”) + -s → alas (“down”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms lative adverbs."
],
"links": [
[
"lative",
"Appendix:Finnish adverbial cases#Lative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Finnish inflectional suffixes",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssa"
},
"expansion": "-ssa",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssä"
},
"expansion": "-ssä",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From apocope of the final vowel of -ssa, -ssä.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inflectional"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "inessive",
"word": "-ssa"
}
],
"categories": [
"Finnish colloquialisms",
"Finnish dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -ssa (inessive)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ssa",
"-ssa#Finnish"
]
],
"qualifier": "case suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(case suffix, colloquial or dialectal) Alternative form of -ssa (inessive)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with audio links",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-s",
"pos": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Latin -s (accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -s, from Old French -s, from Latin -s (accusative plural).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "homme + -s → hommes"
},
{
"text": "bon + -s → bons"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the regular plurals of most nouns and adjectives."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "landau + -s → landaus"
},
{
"text": "bleu + -s → bleus"
},
{
"text": "carnaval + -s → carnavals"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the irregular plurals of a few nouns and adjectives in -au, -eu (which regularly add -x) and in -al (which regularly make -aux)."
],
"links": [
[
"-x",
"-x#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/z‿/"
},
{
"other": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old French -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-s",
"pos": "second-person singular"
},
"expansion": "Latin -s (second-person singular)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -s, from Old French -s, from Latin -s (second-person singular). The spread of this ending to the first-person singular began in Old French when final -s was no longer pronounced in preconsonantal position. The grammarians later on standardised the usage, prescribing -s in some cases and rejecting it in others.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "fr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-x"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the second-person singular of most verb conjugations."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the first-person singular of some verb conjugations."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/z‿/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German inflectional suffixes",
"German terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms derived from French",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"Middle Low German term requests",
"Old High German term requests",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German -es, from Old High German [Term?].",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive singular of most masculine nouns, neuter nouns, and proper nouns of all genders."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-es"
},
{
"english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant; dated",
"word": "-ens"
},
{
"english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant",
"word": "-'"
},
{
"tags": [
"common",
"noun",
"proscribed"
],
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"english": "proper nouns; correct in certain cases, but often seen as a misspelling",
"word": "-'s"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German inflectional suffixes",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms derived from French",
"German terms derived from German Low German",
"German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Middle Low German term requests",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "nds-de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German Low German",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably derived from the genitive -s (etymology 1), but developed into a noun-forming suffix in German Low German and Central German dialects.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-s m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "klacken + -s → Klacks"
},
{
"text": "schnappen + -s → Schnaps"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns from verb stems"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German inflectional suffixes",
"German terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms derived from French",
"German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Middle Low German term requests",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]. Reinforced by the fact that French and English also use -s as a plural suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-s-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plurals of some nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plurals of personal names, particularly family names."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "-'s"
},
{
"english": "family names ending with a sibilant consonant",
"word": "-ens"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hungarian terms with audio links",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-us"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "só (“salt”) + -s → sós (“salty”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning \"having something, a quality\"; sometimes referred to as ornative."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"ornative",
"ornative#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "adjective-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(adjective-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning \"having something, a quality\"; sometimes referred to as ornative."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "hajó (“ship”) + -s → hajós (“sailor”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nulla (“zero”) + -s → nullás (“the digit or figure 0”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a cardinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template."
],
"links": [
[
"cardinal number",
"cardinal number#English"
],
[
"the relevant template",
"Template:U:hu:nominal numerals#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "number-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(number-forming suffix) Added to a cardinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃ]"
},
{
"audio": "Hu-s.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Hu-s.ogg/Hu-s.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Hu-s.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ssa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ssa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ssa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ssa. Cognates include Finnish -ssa and Estonian -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-poss\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssaan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssamme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssaas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssanne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssaa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssasse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the inessive case; in, inside"
],
"links": [
[
"inessive case",
"inessive case#English"
],
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-sːɑ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠ːɑ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-sːæ/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠ːæ]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kaheksas"
},
{
"word": "kolmas"
},
{
"word": "kuuvves"
},
{
"word": "kymmenäs"
},
{
"word": "neljäs"
},
{
"word": "seitsemäs"
},
{
"word": "viijes"
},
{
"word": "yheksäs"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-nci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-nci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-mte"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-mte",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-nci, from Proto-Uralic *-mte. Cognates include Finnish -s and Estonian -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/kolmas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/kolmas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nneks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntennä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiinnä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nsint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers; -th"
],
"links": [
[
"-th",
"-th"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-si"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -si",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ci, from Proto-Uralic *-ti. Cognates include Finnish -si.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-poss\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-V",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-sse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark the possession of the second person singular; thy, your"
],
"links": [
[
"thy",
"thy"
],
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Used to mark the possession of the second person singular; thy, your"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-s. Cognates include Finnish -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "q",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "back-vocalic",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksenna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/petos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kset",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksees",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksennä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinnä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksent",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ohja (“rein”) + -s → ohjas (“rein”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns from other nouns"
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used to form nouns from other nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-s̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-s/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʃ]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-si"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -si",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ci, from Proto-Uralic *-ti. Cognates include Finnish -si.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Karelian entries with incorrect language header",
"Karelian lemmas",
"Karelian suffixes",
"Karelian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Karelian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Karelian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Karelian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Karelian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jalka (“leg”) → jalkas (“your leg(s)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark the possession of the second person; thy, your"
],
"links": [
[
"thy",
"thy"
],
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*si",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *si",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*si"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *si",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ś"
},
"expansion": "Polish -ś",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "-sz"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian -sz",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *si. Cognates include Polish -ś and Slovincian -sz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashubian lemmas",
"Kashubian particles",
"Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "chto (“who”) + -s → chtos (“someone”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to relative/interrogative pronouns to form indefinite pronouns"
],
"links": [
[
"relative",
"relative pronoun#English"
],
[
"interrogative pronoun",
"interrogative pronoun#English"
],
[
"indefinite pronoun",
"indefinite pronoun#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-s",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ς (-s)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-s. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ς (-s).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"suffix marking the nominative singular form of non-neuter nouns in declensions other than the first."
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"Appendix:Latin first declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"Low German lemmas",
"Low German suffixes",
"Low German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Low German terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Low German terms inherited from Middle Low German",
"Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -es",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German -es, from Old Saxon -es, the masculine and neuter genitive singular ending of strong nouns.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Low German terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Used to form the genitive case of (strong) masculine and neuter nouns."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Low German terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the genitive case of proper nouns."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Used to form the genitive case of proper nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "groot → wat groots"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the partitive form of the adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Nacht → nachts"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adverbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lut",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"lang_code": "lut",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lushootseed entries with incorrect language header",
"Lushootseed lemmas",
"Lushootseed suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"his, hers, theirs"
],
"links": [
[
"his",
"his"
],
[
"hers",
"hers"
],
[
"theirs",
"theirs"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-yn"
},
{
"word": "-syn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx inflectional suffixes",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"-self (emphatic)"
],
"links": [
[
"-self",
"-self"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"word": "-sh"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"alt": "-s(t)"
},
"expansion": "English: -s(t)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fossilized"
},
"expansion": "fossilized",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "whilst",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fossilized in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">whilst</i>"
},
"expansion": "(fossilized in whilst)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ce"
},
"expansion": "-ce",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hence"
},
"expansion": "hence",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thence"
},
"expansion": "thence",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "whence"
},
"expansion": "whence",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mostly fossilized in <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">hence</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">thence</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">whence</i>"
},
"expansion": "(mostly fossilized in hence, thence, whence)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: -s(t) (fossilized in whilst), -ce (mostly fossilized in hence, thence, whence)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"Adverbial genitive ending, developed into the -ce at the end of some words"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"Mohawk lemmas",
"Mohawk suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"habitual verb suffix",
"in verbal nouns: -er"
],
"links": [
[
"habitual",
"habitual#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"habitual verb suffix",
"in adjectival verbs, indicates that the subject is not singular"
],
"links": [
[
"habitual",
"habitual#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami inflectional suffixes",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami non-gradating odd nouns",
"Northern Sami noun-forming suffixes",
"Northern Sami odd nouns",
"Northern Sami suffixes",
"Northern Sami terms derived from Proto-Samic",
"Northern Sami terms inherited from Proto-Samic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Samic *-s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-odd-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sii",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siidda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-siin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-siiguin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-odd-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-san",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-seamẹ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-seamẹt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-sat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-seattẹ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-seattẹt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-sis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-seaskkạ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-seasẹt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s"
},
"name": "se-infl-noun-odd-ng"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns indicating a material."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "golbma (“three”) + -s → golmmas (“group of three”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from numbers, indicating a group."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Sami adverb-forming suffixes",
"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami inflectional suffixes",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "buorre (“good”) + -s → būres (“well”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adverbs of manner from adjectives."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Sami adverb-forming suffixes",
"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami inflectional suffixes",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami suffixes",
"Northern Sami terms derived from Proto-Samic",
"Northern Sami terms inherited from Proto-Samic",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-ksë"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-ksë",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ksi"
},
"expansion": "-ksi",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Samic *-ksë. Cognate with the Finnish translative ending -ksi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "davvi (“north”) + -s → davás (“northwards”)"
},
{
"text": "dálvi (“winter”) + -s → dálvvás (“for the winter”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adverbs indicating direction or a span of time."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami inflectional suffixes",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-snē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-snē",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ssa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ssa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-stē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-stē",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-sta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -sta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a merger of two older case endings:\n* Inessive, Proto-Samic *-snē. Cognate with Finnish -ssa.\n* Elative, Proto-Samic *-stē. Cognate with Finnish -sta.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ending of the locative singular case."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "-sk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -sk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek",
"pos": "reflexive pronoun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish -s, from Old Norse -sk, a grammaticalisation of Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the passive voice of verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -s",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish -s, from Old Norse -s, originally the genitive singular ending of a-stem nouns.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form genitive/possessive phrases, attached to the last word in a noun phrase."
],
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"genitive#English"
],
[
"possessive",
"possessive#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-isjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-isjō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-usjō"
},
"expansion": "*-usjō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-isjō, *-usjō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-s",
"2": "-sa,-se",
"3": "-se",
"4": "-sa,-se",
"5": "-se",
"6": "-sa",
"7": "-se",
"8": "-sum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "milde (“gentle, mild”) + -s → milts (“mercy”) (earlier milds)"
},
{
"text": "līþe (“gentle, limber”) + -s → liss (“grace”) (earlier liþs)"
},
{
"text": "cweþan (“to say, speak”) + -s → cwiss (“a saying”) (earlier cwiþs)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
],
"qualifier": "often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation; often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation",
"raw_glosses": [
"(often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants, may or may not cause i-mutation) Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French suffixes",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: -s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "French: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: -s"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"indicates a nominative singular of a masculine noun or adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"indicates an oblique plural of a masculine noun or adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"indicates a (nominative or oblique) plural of a feminine noun or adjective"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "for most words that do not end in -e",
"word": "-z"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese nouns with metaphonic plurals",
"Portuguese suffix forms",
"Portuguese suffixes",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to form the regular plural of nouns and adjectives, especially those that end in vowels"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil",
"Portugal",
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "Central-South Brazil"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after certain consonants and nasal vowels",
"word": "-es"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese suffixes",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "pt-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Brazilian Portuguese",
"Portuguese slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "foi mal (“sorry”) + -s → foi mals (“soz”)"
},
{
"text": "grande coisa (“big deal”) + -s → grandes coisa (“biggie”)"
},
{
"text": "valeu (“thank you”) + -s → valeus (“thanks”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form slangier forms of certain words"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Brazil, slang) used to form slangier forms of certain words"
],
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"morpheme",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃ/",
"tags": [
"Northeast-Brazil",
"Portugal",
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"note": "Central-South Brazil"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic adverb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/kce, pce, kse, pse",
"Proto-Finnic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s",
"id": "nominal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: -s"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "nominal, -kse-"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-kse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-kse",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Uralic *-kse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ksitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ksë"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic adverb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"Proto-Finnic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -as",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with analogously re-extracted vowel"
},
"expansion": "(with analogously re-extracted vowel)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -as (with analogously re-extracted vowel)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "nominal, -h-"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Uralic *-s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-sta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-hiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-hën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ssëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-hëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-hitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-së"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic adverb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-s",
"id1": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: -s"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-ksi"
},
"expansion": "*-ksi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*-s",
"pos": "lative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-s (lative suffix)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nEither akin to the translative suffix *-ksi or alternatively from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-s (lative suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms lative adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "(é)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ø-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "f",
"head": "*(é)-s",
"id": "hysterokinetic"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-s f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(é)-",
"2": "(Ø)-",
"ac": "hysterokinetic",
"nom_sg": "(é)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Derives feminine mobile-accented root nouns from roots."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "(ó)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-oHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-mis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-mis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "f",
"head": "*(ó)-s",
"id": "acrostatic"
},
"expansion": "*(ó)-s f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(ó)-",
"2": "(é)-",
"ac": "acrostatic",
"nom_sg": "(ó)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Derives feminine acrostatic root nouns from roots."
],
"links": [
[
"acrostatic",
"acrostatic#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "(ḗ)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ḗ-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ooHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ooHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-os",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-oey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-omos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-oy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-osu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-osu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-oh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-oh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-omis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-omis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "m",
"head": "*(ḗ)-s",
"id": "lengthened acrostatic"
},
"expansion": "*(ḗ)-s m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(é)-",
"2": "(é)-o",
"ac": "acrostatic",
"nom_sg": "(ḗ)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Derives feminine Narten-type acrostatic root nouns from roots."
],
"links": [
[
"Narten-type",
"w:Proto-Indo-European_nominals#Athematic_accent/ablaut_classes"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ς (-s)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ς (-s)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -s"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "(ṓ)-s",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ṓ-s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ó₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-óHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-és",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-éy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ó-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "e-éh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "e-mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "m",
"head": "*(ṓ)-s",
"id": "amphikinetic"
},
"expansion": "*(ṓ)-s m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(ó)-",
"2": "(e)-",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"nom_sg": "(ṓ)-s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Derives masculine acrostatic root nouns with lengthened o-grade nominative singular from roots."
],
"links": [
[
"acrostatic",
"acrostatic#English"
],
[
"lengthened o-grade",
"w:Indo-European_ablaut#Lengthened_grades"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-gzn-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Georgian-Zan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Georgian-Zan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oge",
"2": "-ს"
},
"expansion": "Old Georgian: -ს (-s)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Georgian: -ს (-s)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "-ს",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Laz: -ს (-s), -ზ (-z), -სო (-so)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laz: -ს (-s), -ზ (-z), -სო (-so)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xmf",
"2": "-ს",
"3": "-ც"
},
"expansion": "Mingrelian: -ს (-s), -ც (-c)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mingrelian: -ს (-s), -ც (-c)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sva",
"2": "-ს"
},
"expansion": "Svan: -ს (-s)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Svan: -ს (-s)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Kartvelian",
"lang_code": "ccs-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/-s",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Kartvelian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Kartvelian inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Kartvelian lemmas",
"Proto-Kartvelian suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"dative case marker"
],
"links": [
[
"dative",
"Appendix:Glossary#dative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-m"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"Quechua lemmas",
"Quechua suffixes",
"Quechua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(They say that) you are from Cusco.",
"text": "Qusqumantas kanki.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Inez visited her sister yesterday (so I heard).",
"text": "Inisqa qayna ñañantas watukusqan.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evidential suffix, second-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has not directly experienced the information at hand; hearsay"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after consonants",
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "-sh"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ās"
},
"expansion": "-ās",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ōs"
},
"expansion": "-ōs",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ēs"
},
"expansion": "-ēs",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from the Latin accusative plural endings (-ās, -ōs, -ēs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-es"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish suffix forms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "amigo (“friend”) + -s → amigos (“friends”)"
},
{
"text": "cocina (“kitchen”) + -s → cocinas (“kitchens”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the regular plural of nouns and adjectives which end in vowels."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Swedish adverb-forming suffixes",
"Swedish clitics",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish suffixes",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish -s",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish -s, from Old Norse -s, originally the genitive singular ending of a-stem nouns. Cognate with Danish -s. The frequent use of the suffix in written and modern colloquial Swedish is possibly the result of foreign influence, either Latin or Middle Low German.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "clitic"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-s-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form genitive phrases, attached to the last word in a noun phrase."
],
"links": [
[
"genitive",
"genitive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"clitic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Swedish adverb-forming suffixes",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish inflectional suffixes",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish suffixes",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "-sk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -sk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sek",
"pos": "reflexive pronoun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -sk, a grammaticalisation of Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with quotations",
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The car drives",
"text": "Bilen kör",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car is (being) driven",
"text": "Bilen körs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car drove",
"text": "Bilen körde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car was (being) driven",
"text": "Bilen kördes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The lion eats",
"text": "Lejonet äter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The lion is (being) eaten",
"text": "Lejonet äts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is a richness, to get to love and to be loved.",
"ref": "1995, Peter Grönvall, Maria Rådsten, Nanne Grönvall (lyrics and music), “Det vackraste [The most beautiful thing [\"thing\" from being nominalized]]”, performed by Cecilia Vennersten",
"text": "Det är en rikedom, att få älska och att älskas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the passive voice of verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Swedish adverb-forming suffixes",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish inflectional suffixes",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish suffixes",
"Swedish terms derived from English",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Mostly from English -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-sar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish colloquialisms",
"Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Swedish proscribed terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "partner + -s → partners"
},
{
"text": "fan + -s → fans"
},
{
"text": "taco + -s → tacos"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the plural form of some words, mostly loanwords"
],
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly colloquial, often proscribed) Used to form the plural form of some words, mostly loanwords"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme",
"often",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Swedish adverb-forming suffixes",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish suffixes",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ens"
},
{
"word": "i aftons"
},
{
"word": "i fredags"
},
{
"word": "i jåns"
},
{
"word": "i lördags"
},
{
"word": "i måndags"
},
{
"word": "i onsdags"
},
{
"word": "i söndags"
},
{
"word": "i tisdags"
},
{
"word": "i torsdags"
},
{
"word": "inomlands"
},
{
"word": "inrikes"
},
{
"word": "långs"
},
{
"word": "nyss"
},
{
"word": "tids nog"
},
{
"word": "tvärs"
},
{
"word": "utomlands"
},
{
"word": "utrikes"
},
{
"word": "i höstas"
},
{
"word": "i julas"
},
{
"word": "i påskas"
},
{
"word": "i somras"
},
{
"word": "i vintras"
},
{
"word": "i våras"
},
{
"word": "i afse"
},
{
"word": "i morse"
},
{
"word": "alldeles"
},
{
"word": "framledes"
},
{
"word": "-ledes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish -s",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally from Old Swedish -s, a genitive suffix. Many of the examples are later analogically derived from each other.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "söndag (“Sunday”) + -s → i söndags (“last Sunday”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to derive some adverbs from nouns or adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-as"
},
{
"word": "-se"
},
{
"word": "-es"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from English -s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜐ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "-s (Baybayin spelling ᜐ᜔)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog humorous terms",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog slang",
"Tagalog suffixes",
"Tagalog terms borrowed from English",
"Tagalog terms derived from English",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Tagalog terms without tl-pr template"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pwede + -s → pweds",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix added in slang, especially in place of reduplication"
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"reduplication",
"reduplication#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "generally humorous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, generally humorous) suffix added in slang, especially in place of reduplication"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
},
{
"ipa": "[s]"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh personal pronouns",
"Welsh pronouns",
"Welsh suffixes",
"Welsh terms borrowed from English",
"Welsh terms derived from English",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "-s"
},
"expansion": "English -s",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English -s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bàth (“bath”) + -s → baths (“baths”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tomato (“tomato”) + -s → tomatos (“tomatoes”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gwdihŵ (“owl”) + -s → gwdihŵs (“owls”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plural nouns."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-od"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/s/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/z/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh personal pronouns",
"Welsh pronouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "if",
"word": "os"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*só",
"t": "that"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *só (“that”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *só (“that”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "-s",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh literary terms",
"Welsh terms with obsolete senses",
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I never saw him/her/it/them.",
"text": "Nis gwelais erioed.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "That is a phrase which is not often heard. (literally, \"There is a phrase which one does not hear [it] often.\"",
"text": "Dyna ymadrodd nas clywir yn aml.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The language is not alive unless it is used. (literally, \"…unless one uses it.\")",
"text": "Nid yw iaith yn fyw onis defnyddir.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom, which God ordained before the world unto our glory: which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.",
"roman": "Eithr yr ydym ni yn llefaru doethineb Duw mewn dirgelwch, sef y ddoethineb guddiedig, yr hon a ragordeiniodd Duw cyn yr oesoedd i’n gogoniant ni: yr hon nid adnabu neb o dywysogion y byd hwn: oherwydd pes adwaenasent, ni chroeshoeliasent Arglwydd y gogoniant.",
"text": "1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, 1 Corinthians 2:7,8",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"him, her, it, them"
],
"links": [
[
"him",
"him"
],
[
"her",
"her"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"them",
"them"
]
],
"qualifier": "otherwise obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, otherwise obsolete) him, her, it, them"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/s/"
}
],
"word": "-s"
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: transguide {}",
"path": [
"-s",
"transguide"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-s",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.