"-s" meaning in Old English

See -s in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /s/
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *-isjō, *-usjō. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*-isjō}} Proto-Germanic *-isjō, {{m|gem-pro|*-usjō}} *-usjō Head templates: {{head|ang|suffix|cat2=|head=|head2=|sort=}} -s, {{ang-suffix|g=f}} -s Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-o-f|-s}}, {{ang-decl-noun|-s|-sa,-se|-se|-sa,-se|-se|-sa|-se|-sum|num=|title=|type=strong ō-stem}} Forms: strong [table-tags], -s [nominative, singular], -sa [nominative, plural], -se [nominative, plural], -se [accusative, singular], -sa [accusative, plural], -se [accusative, plural], -se [genitive, singular], -sa [genitive, plural], -se [dative, singular], -sum [dative, plural]
  1. (often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants, may or may not cause i-mutation) Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--s-ang-suffix-ZzsM0Hze Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with raw sortkeys

Download JSON data for -s meaning in Old English (2.8kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-isjō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-isjō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-usjō"
      },
      "expansion": "*-usjō",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-isjō, *-usjō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ō-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-s",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "ang-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-s"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-s",
        "2": "-sa,-se",
        "3": "-se",
        "4": "-sa,-se",
        "5": "-se",
        "6": "-sa",
        "7": "-se",
        "8": "-sum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong ō-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "milde (“gentle, mild”) + -s → milts (“mercy”) (earlier milds)"
        },
        {
          "text": "līþe (“gentle, limber”) + -s → liss (“grace”) (earlier liþs)"
        },
        {
          "text": "cweþan (“to say, speak”) + -s → cwiss (“a saying”) (earlier cwiþs)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
      ],
      "id": "en--s-ang-suffix-ZzsM0Hze",
      "qualifier": "often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation; often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants, may or may not cause i-mutation) Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/s/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-isjō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-isjō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-usjō"
      },
      "expansion": "*-usjō",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-isjō, *-usjō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ō-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-s",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-se",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "ang-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-s"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-s",
        "2": "-sa,-se",
        "3": "-se",
        "4": "-sa,-se",
        "5": "-se",
        "6": "-sa",
        "7": "-se",
        "8": "-sum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong ō-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English suffixes",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English ō-stem nouns",
        "Pages with raw sortkeys"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "milde (“gentle, mild”) + -s → milts (“mercy”) (earlier milds)"
        },
        {
          "text": "līþe (“gentle, limber”) + -s → liss (“grace”) (earlier liþs)"
        },
        {
          "text": "cweþan (“to say, speak”) + -s → cwiss (“a saying”) (earlier cwiþs)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
      ],
      "qualifier": "often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation; often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants; may or may not cause i-mutation",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(often affects the value or quality of preceding consonants, may or may not cause i-mutation) Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/s/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.