See -em on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "Related to më, mu, mua (“me”) and im (“my, mine”). -em is the Tosk and Standard Albanian variant of the Gheg personal suffix -na (“I, me”). The suffix -em (“I, me”) indicates the 1st person singular, mediopassive, present (same as Gheg -na). Used the same way as Greek verb suffix \"-μαι/-mai\" (also 1st pers., sg., mediopassive, indicative, present).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-hna",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-hem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-hna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-na"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 3 3 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 2 2 6 3 2 6 10 9 5 7 0 4 0 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 1 1 6 3 1 7 10 9 4 8 0 4 0 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form the 1st person singular present tense of verbs in mediopassive voice (indicative mood)."
],
"id": "en--em-sq-suffix-8WAZOTeY",
"links": [
[
"present",
"present"
],
[
"tense",
"tense"
],
[
"mediopassive voice",
"mediopassive voice"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"mood",
"mood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) used to form the 1st person singular present tense of verbs in mediopassive voice (indicative mood)."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "active bëj (“I do, make, appear”) + h (mediopassive marker) + -em → mediopassive bëhem (“I become, turn into”)"
},
{
"text": "active zbeh (“I make white(er), pale(er)”) + -em → mediopassive zbehem (“I'm getting pale(er), white(er)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs in mediopassive voice from active voice"
],
"id": "en--em-sq-suffix-08CKPx6R",
"links": [
[
"verbs",
"verb#English"
],
[
"mediopassive voice",
"mediopassive voice#English"
],
[
"active voice",
"active voice#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "adjective shkurt (“short”) + o-steem + h (mediopassive marker) + -em → mediopassive verb shkurtohem (“I become shorter”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms mediopassive verbs from adjectives"
],
"id": "en--em-sq-suffix-CDDTmDXE",
"links": [
[
"mediopassive",
"mediopassive#English"
],
[
"verbs",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adjectives",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Standard Albanian/Tosk personal suffixes for verbs"
],
"id": "en--em-sq-suffix-o~MWDIef",
"links": [
[
"Albanian",
"Albanian"
],
[
"Tosk",
"Tosk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Standard Albanian/Tosk personal suffixes for verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/em/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bi",
"2": "en",
"3": "him"
},
"expansion": "English him",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "English him, 'em",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bi",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bislama",
"lang_code": "bi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bislama entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Miriam Meyerhoff, Social lives in language--sociolinguistics and multilingual speech, →ISBN, page 344:",
"text": "Bang i wantem mi faen from mi ovaspen.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Indicates a transitive verb"
],
"id": "en--em-bi-suffix-LBvdSWAD",
"links": [
[
"transitive verb",
"transitive verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"our (exclusive)"
],
"id": "en--em-chk-suffix-iJ3yTFtt",
"links": [
[
"our",
"our"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to possessive nouns) our (exclusive)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to possessive nouns"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ai"
},
{
"word": "nei"
},
{
"word": "-ei"
},
{
"word": "omw"
},
{
"word": "om"
},
{
"word": "noum"
},
{
"word": "-om"
},
{
"word": "an"
},
{
"word": "noun"
},
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "ämach"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "nöu̇mnöüch"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "-em-ach"
},
{
"word": "ämi"
},
{
"word": "ami"
},
{
"word": "noumi"
},
{
"word": "-emi"
},
{
"word": "ar"
},
{
"word": "nour"
},
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ett",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Etruscan",
"lang_code": "ett",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-𐌄𐌌"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Etruscan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Etruscan romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Etruscan terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of -𐌄𐌌"
],
"id": "en--em-ett-romanization-q3ZWSjZI",
"links": [
[
"-𐌄𐌌",
"-𐌄𐌌#Etruscan"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "gem-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-em"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -em",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-umē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-umē",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German -em, -eme, from Proto-West Germanic *-umē.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"masculine and neuter dative suffix, used in most determiners/pronouns and in strong adjectives"
],
"id": "en--em-de-suffix-wnsVnLau",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əm/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Through reduction of the unstressed syllable.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "placename suffix",
"word": "-heim"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Ahlem"
},
{
"word": "Ahrem"
},
{
"word": "Baasem"
},
{
"word": "Bachem"
},
{
"word": "Badem"
},
{
"word": "Blessem"
},
{
"word": "Bockenem"
},
{
"word": "Bredelem"
},
{
"word": "Broitzem"
},
{
"word": "Cochem"
},
{
"word": "Dahlem"
},
{
"word": "Deesem"
},
{
"word": "Eulgem"
},
{
"word": "Fließem"
},
{
"word": "Gilzem"
},
{
"word": "Horrem"
},
{
"word": "Katzem"
},
{
"word": "Ließem"
},
{
"word": "Luxem"
},
{
"word": "Mehlem"
},
{
"word": "Niederaussem"
},
{
"word": "Pickließem"
},
{
"word": "Rethem"
},
{
"word": "Sehlem"
},
{
"word": "Spangdahlem"
},
{
"word": "Stedem"
},
{
"word": "Stockem"
},
{
"word": "Uedem"
},
{
"word": "Wehdem"
},
{
"word": "Wierschem"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -heim (placename suffix)"
],
"id": "en--em-de-suffix-wbD3m9Lc",
"links": [
[
"-heim",
"-heim#German"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Sechtem"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛm/"
},
{
"other": "/əm/"
},
{
"other": "/ɛm/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φώνημα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Phonem"
},
"expansion": "German Phonem",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately a backformation from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma), whence German Phonem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-em n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "de:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "31 18 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 11 16 15 8 12 11 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-eme"
],
"id": "en--em-de-suffix-NCe1R0ah",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"-eme",
"-eme"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) -eme"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈeːm/"
},
{
"audio": "De--em.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/De--em.ogg/De--em.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/De--em.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emül",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-embe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emtől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eméi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-eme",
"2": "e",
"esm_sg": "y",
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 11 16 15 8 12 11 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 16 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eszik (“to eat”) + -em → eszem (“I eat, I am eating”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the first-person singular present indicative of -ik verbs."
],
"id": "en--em-hu-suffix-hu:personal_indefinite",
"links": [
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
],
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Hungarian:_lemma"
]
],
"qualifier": "indefinite conjugation",
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix, indefinite conjugation) Forms the first-person singular present indicative of -ik verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal indefinite"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 11 16 15 8 12 11 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 16 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ért (“to understand”) + -em → értem (“I understand [him/her/it]”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the definite first-person singular present indicative of verbs."
],
"id": "en--em-hu-suffix-hu:personal_definite",
"links": [
[
"definite",
"Appendix:Glossary#definite"
],
[
"first-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#first person"
],
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
]
],
"qualifier": "definite conjugation",
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix, definite conjugation) Forms the definite first-person singular present indicative of verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal definite"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 29 16 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kert (“garden”) + -em → kertem (“my garden”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"id": "en--em-hu-suffix-hu:possessive",
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
],
[
"first-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#first person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛm"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeket",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeknek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekkel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emül",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekül",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeken",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeknél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-embe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emtől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emektől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eméi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "-emem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emed",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emünk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeink",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emetek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeitek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emük",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-eme",
"2": "e",
"esm_pl": "y",
"esm_sg": "y"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 11 16 15 8 12 11 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 16 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jel (“sign”) + -em → jellem (“character”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "szél (“wind”) + -em → szellem (“ghost, spirit”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "illik (“to suit, to be proper”) + -em → illem (“good manners, proper behaviour”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun or a verb to form a noun. A final single -l may become long -ll-."
],
"id": "en--em-hu-suffix-hu:noun_forming",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun or a verb to form a noun. A final single -l may become long -ll-."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:noun-forming"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛm"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "See -ēs (suffix forming third-declension feminine abstract nouns).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-em f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ēs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of -ēs"
],
"id": "en--em-la-suffix-ML3mk19O",
"links": [
[
"-ēs",
"-es#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛm]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 68 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "first conjugation",
"word": "-ō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present active subjunctive of -ō (first conjugation)"
],
"id": "en--em-la-suffix-xJaqsdp0",
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛm]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"head": "-em"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of -s"
],
"id": "en--em-la-suffix-~Aiur3bs",
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛm]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "occupational"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-mū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-mū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-mō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-mū, from Proto-Indo-European *-mō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-n-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-emna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-eman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-am",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "masculine suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-em m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-emain",
"2": "-eman",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sga-decl-n-mf"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-emain+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_du4": "",
"acc_pl": "-emna+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-emain+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"acc_sg4": "",
"acc_sg5": "",
"class": "n-m",
"dat_du": "-emnaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-emnaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-emain+L",
"dat_sg2": "-em+L",
"dat_sg3": "",
"dat_sg4": "",
"dat_sg5": "",
"dat_sg6": "",
"gen_du": "-eman+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "-eman+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-eman",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "-emain+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_du4": "",
"nom_pl": "-emain",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "-em",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"nom_sg4": "",
"voc_du": "-emain+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_du4": "",
"voc_pl": "-emna+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-em",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": "",
"voc_sg4": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 11 16 15 8 12 11 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "flaith (“rule”) + -em → flaithem (“ruler”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "breth (“judgement”) + -em → brithem (“judge”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fíach (“debt”) + -em → féchem (“debtor”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms occupational nouns."
],
"id": "en--em-sga-suffix-yjl3WcCV",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əβ̃]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "-amh"
},
"expansion": "Irish: -amh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: -amh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "-amh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: -amh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: -amh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "verbnoun"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-īmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-īmā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "-i"
},
"expansion": "Welsh -i",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*-iβ̃"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-iβ̃",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-īmā, a verbal noun suffix for -ī- verbs in Celtic. Cognate with Welsh -i, from Proto-Brythonic *-iβ̃.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-am",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "feminine suffixes",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-em f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-im",
"gen_sg": "-me",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-im+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "-ema+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-im+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "-emaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-emaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-im+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "-em+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "-em+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-me+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "s",
"nom_du": "-im+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "-ema+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "-em+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "-im+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "-ema+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-em+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 11 16 15 8 12 11 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "feithid (“to watch over”) + -em → fethem (“watching over”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "moídid (“to boast”) + -em → moídem (“boasting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ad·gládathar (“to converse with”) + -em → acaldam (“conversation”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbal nouns of class A II weak verbs with roots ending in dentals."
],
"id": "en--em-sga-suffix-FQ-0Hjub",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əβ̃]"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pis",
"2": "en",
"3": "him"
},
"expansion": "English him",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "English him, 'em",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pis",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pijin",
"lang_code": "pis",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pijin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Indicates a transitive verb"
],
"id": "en--em-pis-suffix-LBvdSWAD",
"links": [
[
"transitive verb",
"transitive verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rmy",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vlax Romani",
"lang_code": "rmy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vlax Romani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Attaches to the perfective stem to form the first-person singular past tense."
],
"id": "en--em-rmy-suffix-bOBnQC8x",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An inanimate collective morpheme for a group of things"
],
"id": "en--em-vo-suffix-hut8UZm4",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the first-person plural imperfect/conditional"
],
"id": "en--em-cy-suffix-sDQwjJ1j",
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"imperfect",
"imperfect#English"
],
[
"conditional",
"conditional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) verb suffix for the first-person plural imperfect/conditional"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛm/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian suffixes",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "Related to më, mu, mua (“me”) and im (“my, mine”). -em is the Tosk and Standard Albanian variant of the Gheg personal suffix -na (“I, me”). The suffix -em (“I, me”) indicates the 1st person singular, mediopassive, present (same as Gheg -na). Used the same way as Greek verb suffix \"-μαι/-mai\" (also 1st pers., sg., mediopassive, indicative, present).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-hna",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-hem"
},
{
"word": "-hna"
},
{
"word": "-na"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to form the 1st person singular present tense of verbs in mediopassive voice (indicative mood)."
],
"links": [
[
"present",
"present"
],
[
"tense",
"tense"
],
[
"mediopassive voice",
"mediopassive voice"
],
[
"indicative",
"indicative"
],
[
"mood",
"mood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) used to form the 1st person singular present tense of verbs in mediopassive voice (indicative mood)."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "active bëj (“I do, make, appear”) + h (mediopassive marker) + -em → mediopassive bëhem (“I become, turn into”)"
},
{
"text": "active zbeh (“I make white(er), pale(er)”) + -em → mediopassive zbehem (“I'm getting pale(er), white(er)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs in mediopassive voice from active voice"
],
"links": [
[
"verbs",
"verb#English"
],
[
"mediopassive voice",
"mediopassive voice#English"
],
[
"active voice",
"active voice#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "adjective shkurt (“short”) + o-steem + h (mediopassive marker) + -em → mediopassive verb shkurtohem (“I become shorter”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms mediopassive verbs from adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"mediopassive",
"mediopassive#English"
],
[
"verbs",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adjectives",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Standard Albanian/Tosk personal suffixes for verbs"
],
"links": [
[
"Albanian",
"Albanian"
],
[
"Tosk",
"Tosk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Standard Albanian/Tosk personal suffixes for verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/em/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bi",
"2": "en",
"3": "him"
},
"expansion": "English him",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "English him, 'em",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bi",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bislama",
"lang_code": "bi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bislama entries with incorrect language header",
"Bislama lemmas",
"Bislama suffixes",
"Bislama terms derived from English",
"Bislama terms inherited from English",
"Bislama terms with quotations",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Bislama quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Miriam Meyerhoff, Social lives in language--sociolinguistics and multilingual speech, →ISBN, page 344:",
"text": "Bang i wantem mi faen from mi ovaspen.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Indicates a transitive verb"
],
"links": [
[
"transitive verb",
"transitive verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ai"
},
{
"word": "nei"
},
{
"word": "-ei"
},
{
"word": "omw"
},
{
"word": "om"
},
{
"word": "noum"
},
{
"word": "-om"
},
{
"word": "an"
},
{
"word": "noun"
},
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "ämach"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "nöu̇mnöüch"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "-em-ach"
},
{
"word": "ämi"
},
{
"word": "ami"
},
{
"word": "noumi"
},
{
"word": "-emi"
},
{
"word": "ar"
},
{
"word": "nour"
},
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chuukese lemmas",
"Chuukese suffixes",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"our (exclusive)"
],
"links": [
[
"our",
"our"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to possessive nouns) our (exclusive)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to possessive nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ett",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Etruscan",
"lang_code": "ett",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-𐌄𐌌"
}
],
"categories": [
"Etruscan entries with incorrect language header",
"Etruscan non-lemma forms",
"Etruscan romanizations",
"Etruscan terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of -𐌄𐌌"
],
"links": [
[
"-𐌄𐌌",
"-𐌄𐌌#Etruscan"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German inflectional suffixes",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter suffixes",
"German noun-forming suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "gem-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-em"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -em",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-umē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-umē",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German -em, -eme, from Proto-West Germanic *-umē.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"masculine and neuter dative suffix, used in most determiners/pronouns and in strong adjectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əm/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter suffixes",
"German noun-forming suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Ahlem"
},
{
"word": "Ahrem"
},
{
"word": "Baasem"
},
{
"word": "Bachem"
},
{
"word": "Badem"
},
{
"word": "Blessem"
},
{
"word": "Bockenem"
},
{
"word": "Bredelem"
},
{
"word": "Broitzem"
},
{
"word": "Cochem"
},
{
"word": "Dahlem"
},
{
"word": "Deesem"
},
{
"word": "Eulgem"
},
{
"word": "Fließem"
},
{
"word": "Gilzem"
},
{
"word": "Horrem"
},
{
"word": "Katzem"
},
{
"word": "Ließem"
},
{
"word": "Luxem"
},
{
"word": "Mehlem"
},
{
"word": "Niederaussem"
},
{
"word": "Pickließem"
},
{
"word": "Rethem"
},
{
"word": "Sehlem"
},
{
"word": "Spangdahlem"
},
{
"word": "Stedem"
},
{
"word": "Stockem"
},
{
"word": "Uedem"
},
{
"word": "Wehdem"
},
{
"word": "Wierschem"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Through reduction of the unstressed syllable.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "Sechtem"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "placename suffix",
"word": "-heim"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -heim (placename suffix)"
],
"links": [
[
"-heim",
"-heim#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛm/"
},
{
"other": "/əm/"
},
{
"other": "/ɛm/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter suffixes",
"German noun-forming suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φώνημα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Phonem"
},
"expansion": "German Phonem",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately a backformation from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma), whence German Phonem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-em n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"de:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"-eme"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"-eme",
"-eme"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) -eme"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈeːm/"
},
{
"audio": "De--em.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/De--em.ogg/De--em.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/De--em.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hungarian noun-forming suffixes",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛm",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛm/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emül",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-embe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emtől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eméi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-eme",
"2": "e",
"esm_sg": "y",
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "eszik (“to eat”) + -em → eszem (“I eat, I am eating”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the first-person singular present indicative of -ik verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
],
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Hungarian:_lemma"
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],
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"(personal suffix, indefinite conjugation) Forms the first-person singular present indicative of -ik verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal indefinite"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ért (“to understand”) + -em → értem (“I understand [him/her/it]”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the definite first-person singular present indicative of verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"definite",
"Appendix:Glossary#definite"
],
[
"first-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#first person"
],
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
]
],
"qualifier": "definite conjugation",
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"(personal suffix, definite conjugation) Forms the definite first-person singular present indicative of verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal definite"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kert (“garden”) + -em → kertem (“my garden”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
],
[
"first-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#first person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛm"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hungarian noun-forming suffixes",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛm",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛm/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeket",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeknek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekkel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emmé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emül",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekül",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeken",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeknél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-embe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emtől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emektől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eméi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emekéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "-emem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emed",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emünk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeink",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-emetek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeitek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emük",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-emeik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
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{
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"1": "hu",
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"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
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{
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"esm_pl": "y",
"esm_sg": "y"
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"name": "hu-infl-nom"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "jel (“sign”) + -em → jellem (“character”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "szél (“wind”) + -em → szellem (“ghost, spirit”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "illik (“to suit, to be proper”) + -em → illem (“good manners, proper behaviour”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun or a verb to form a noun. A final single -l may become long -ll-."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun or a verb to form a noun. A final single -l may become long -ll-."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:noun-forming"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛm]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛm"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "See -ēs (suffix forming third-declension feminine abstract nouns).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
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"g": "f"
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{
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{
"word": "-ēs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of -ēs"
],
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[
"-ēs",
"-es#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛm]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
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"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "first conjugation",
"word": "-ō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present active subjunctive of -ō (first conjugation)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛm]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"head": "-em"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of -s"
],
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈem/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛm]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine suffixes",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine or feminine n-stem nouns",
"Old Irish masculine suffixes",
"Old Irish noun-forming suffixes",
"Old Irish suffixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish uncountable nouns",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "occupational"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-mū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-mū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-mō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-mū, from Proto-Indo-European *-mō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-n-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-emna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-eman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-eman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-emain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-emnaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-am",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "masculine suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-em m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-emain",
"2": "-eman",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sga-decl-n-mf"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-emain+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_du4": "",
"acc_pl": "-emna+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-emain+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"acc_sg4": "",
"acc_sg5": "",
"class": "n-m",
"dat_du": "-emnaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-emnaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-emain+L",
"dat_sg2": "-em+L",
"dat_sg3": "",
"dat_sg4": "",
"dat_sg5": "",
"dat_sg6": "",
"gen_du": "-eman+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "-eman+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-eman",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "-emain+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_du4": "",
"nom_pl": "-emain",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "-em",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"nom_sg4": "",
"voc_du": "-emain+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_du4": "",
"voc_pl": "-emna+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-em",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": "",
"voc_sg4": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "flaith (“rule”) + -em → flaithem (“ruler”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "breth (“judgement”) + -em → brithem (“judge”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fíach (“debt”) + -em → féchem (“debtor”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms occupational nouns."
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əβ̃]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine suffixes",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish noun-forming suffixes",
"Old Irish suffixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish uncountable nouns",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "-amh"
},
"expansion": "Irish: -amh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: -amh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "-amh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: -amh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: -amh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "verbnoun"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-īmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-īmā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "-i"
},
"expansion": "Welsh -i",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*-iβ̃"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-iβ̃",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-īmā, a verbal noun suffix for -ī- verbs in Celtic. Cognate with Welsh -i, from Proto-Brythonic *-iβ̃.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-am",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "feminine suffixes",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-em f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-im",
"gen_sg": "-me",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-im+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "-ema+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-im+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "-emaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-emaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-im+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "-em+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "-em+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-me+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "s",
"nom_du": "-im+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "-ema+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "-em+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "-im+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "-ema+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-em+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "feithid (“to watch over”) + -em → fethem (“watching over”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "moídid (“to boast”) + -em → moídem (“boasting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ad·gládathar (“to converse with”) + -em → acaldam (“conversation”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbal nouns of class A II weak verbs with roots ending in dentals."
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əβ̃]"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pis",
"2": "en",
"3": "him"
},
"expansion": "English him",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "English him, 'em",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pis",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pijin",
"lang_code": "pis",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pijin entries with incorrect language header",
"Pijin lemmas",
"Pijin suffixes",
"Pijin terms derived from English",
"Pijin terms inherited from English"
],
"glosses": [
"Indicates a transitive verb"
],
"links": [
[
"transitive verb",
"transitive verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rmy",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vlax Romani",
"lang_code": "rmy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vlax Romani entries with incorrect language header",
"Vlax Romani inflectional suffixes",
"Vlax Romani lemmas",
"Vlax Romani suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Attaches to the perfective stem to form the first-person singular past tense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"An inanimate collective morpheme for a group of things"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-em",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh literary terms",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the first-person plural imperfect/conditional"
],
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"imperfect",
"imperfect#English"
],
[
"conditional",
"conditional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) verb suffix for the first-person plural imperfect/conditional"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛm/"
}
],
"word": "-em"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -em meaning in All languages combined (34.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – singular'",
"path": [
"-em"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-em",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – plural'",
"path": [
"-em"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-em",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"-em"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-em",
"trace": "started on line 91, detected on line 91"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – singular'",
"path": [
"-em"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-em",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – plural'",
"path": [
"-em"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-em",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"-em"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-em",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.