See -ēs on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ēs meaning in All languages combined (7.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ης"
},
"expansion": "-ης (-ēs)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ης (-ēs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-ās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*-ās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ās"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अष्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: -अष् (-aṣ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: -अष् (-aṣ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*(é)-ess"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-ess",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-os",
"3": "*-s",
"alt1": "*(é)-os (athematic)",
"id1": "athematic",
"pos1": "neuter s-stem",
"pos2": "nominative"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-os (athematic) (neuter s-stem) + *-s (nominative)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *(é)-ess, compound suffix from *(é)-os (athematic) (neuter s-stem) + *-s (nominative), with simplification of the geminate consonants and compensatory lengthening.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "(é)-ēs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-esoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-esmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*(é)-ēs"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-ēs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(é)-es",
"2": "(é)-es",
"3": "(é)-es",
"4": "(é)-es",
"ac": "acrostatic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ēs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (athematic)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-s",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Primarily forms last members of adjectival bahuvrīhi compounds"
],
"id": "en--ēs-ine-pro-suffix-pgulkUE-",
"related": [
{
"word": "(é)-ōs"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ēs"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ης"
},
"expansion": "-ης (-ēs)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ης (-ēs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-ās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*-ās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ās"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अष्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: -अष् (-aṣ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: -अष् (-aṣ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*(é)-ess"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-ess",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-os",
"3": "*-s",
"alt1": "*(é)-os (athematic)",
"id1": "athematic",
"pos1": "neuter s-stem",
"pos2": "nominative"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-os (athematic) (neuter s-stem) + *-s (nominative)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *(é)-ess, compound suffix from *(é)-os (athematic) (neuter s-stem) + *-s (nominative), with simplification of the geminate consonants and compensatory lengthening.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "(é)-ēs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-eses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-esoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-esu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-esmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "é-es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "é-esih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "é-ēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*(é)-ēs"
},
"expansion": "*(é)-ēs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "(é)-es",
"2": "(é)-es",
"3": "(é)-es",
"4": "(é)-es",
"ac": "acrostatic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ēs",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "(é)-ōs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-European adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (athematic)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-s"
],
"glosses": [
"Primarily forms last members of adjectival bahuvrīhi compounds"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ēs"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.