"-e" meaning in Irish

See -e in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Old Irish -e, from Proto-Celtic *-iyā, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ga|abstract}}, {{der|ga|sga|-e}} Old Irish -e, {{der|ga|cel-pro|*-iyā}} Proto-Celtic *-iyā, {{der|ga|ine-pro|*-h₂|*-i-eh₂}} Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Head templates: {{head|ga|suffix|cat2=noun-forming suffixes|cat3=|g=f|g2=}} -e f, {{ga-suffix|n|f}} -e f
  1. Used to form abstract nouns from adjectives Tags: feminine, morpheme
    Sense id: en--e-ga-suffix-iSAVqYYs Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Irish entries with incorrect language header: 34 11 9 8 7 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Etymology: Simplification of *-nn-ne. Head templates: {{head|ga|suffix|cat2=emphatic suffixes|cat3=|g=|g2=}} -e, {{ga-suffix|e}} -e
  1. Alternative form of -ne (used after -nn in pronouns) Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -ne (extra: used after -nn in pronouns)
    Sense id: en--e-ga-suffix-G4aimM39 Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Irish entries with incorrect language header: 34 11 9 8 7 31 Related terms: 1 sg, -sa, -se, 2 sg, 3 sg. m., -san, -sean, 3 sg. f., 1 pl, -na, -ne-e (english: after nn in pronouns), 2 pl, 3 pl, Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor, to verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject, and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

Etymology: From Old Irish -e, from Proto-Celtic *-yās, from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂-s. Etymology templates: {{der|ga|sga|-e}} Old Irish -e, {{der|ga|cel-pro||*-yās}} Proto-Celtic *-yās, {{der|ga|ine-pro||*-yeh₂-s}} Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂-s Head templates: {{head|ga|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes|cat3=|g=|g2=}} -e, {{ga-suffix|i}} -e
  1. Used to form the genitive singular of second-declension nouns Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--e-ga-suffix-J0MUVruG
  2. Used to form the feminine genitive singular of first-declension adjectives Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--e-ga-suffix-W6zTuh5Q
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Suffix

Etymology: From a variety of Old Irish nominative and accusative plural endings including -i in masculine and feminine i-stems and in feminine ī-stems, -e in neuter i-stems, and -ea in some consonant stems; from various Proto-Celtic endings. Etymology templates: {{der|ga|sga|-}} Old Irish, {{,}} ,, {{der|ga|cel-pro|-}} Proto-Celtic Head templates: {{head|ga|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes|cat3=|g=|g2=}} -e, {{ga-suffix|i}} -e
  1. Used to form the plural of certain nouns Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--e-ga-suffix-yv9x5qvq
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Suffix

Etymology: From Old Irish -iu, from Proto-Celtic *-yūs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ga|comparative}}, {{der|ga|sga|-iu}} Old Irish -iu, {{der|ga|cel-pro|*-yūs}} Proto-Celtic *-yūs, {{der|ga|ine-pro|*-yōs}} Proto-Indo-European *-yōs Head templates: {{head|ga|suffix|cat2=inflectional suffixes|cat3=|g=|g2=}} -e, {{ga-suffix|i}} -e
  1. Used to form the comparative degree of adjectives Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--e-ga-suffix-IIFzbZCO Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Irish entries with incorrect language header: 34 11 9 8 7 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "abstract"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-e"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish -e",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*-iyā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-iyā",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-h₂",
        "4": "*-i-eh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish -e, from Proto-Celtic *-iyā, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-e f",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 11 9 8 7 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form abstract nouns from adjectives"
      ],
      "id": "en--e-ga-suffix-iSAVqYYs",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Simplification of *-nn-ne.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "emphatic suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "used after -nn in pronouns",
          "word": "-ne"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 11 9 8 7 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -ne (used after -nn in pronouns)"
      ],
      "id": "en--e-ga-suffix-G4aimM39",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ne",
          "-ne#Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "1 sg"
        },
        {
          "word": "-sa"
        },
        {
          "word": "-se"
        },
        {
          "word": "2 sg"
        },
        {
          "word": "3 sg. m."
        },
        {
          "word": "-san"
        },
        {
          "word": "-sean"
        },
        {
          "word": "3 sg. f."
        },
        {
          "word": "1 pl"
        },
        {
          "word": "-na"
        },
        {
          "english": "after nn in pronouns",
          "word": "-ne-e"
        },
        {
          "word": "2 pl"
        },
        {
          "word": "3 pl"
        },
        {
          "word": "Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor"
        },
        {
          "word": "to verbs"
        },
        {
          "word": "predicate adjectives"
        },
        {
          "word": "and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject"
        },
        {
          "word": "and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-e"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish -e",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-yās"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-yās",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-yeh₂-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂-s",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish -e, from Proto-Celtic *-yās, from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂-s.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the genitive singular of second-declension nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--e-ga-suffix-J0MUVruG",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the feminine genitive singular of first-declension adjectives"
      ],
      "id": "en--e-ga-suffix-W6zTuh5Q",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": ",",
      "name": ","
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a variety of Old Irish nominative and accusative plural endings including -i in masculine and feminine i-stems and in feminine ī-stems, -e in neuter i-stems, and -ea in some consonant stems; from various Proto-Celtic endings.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plural of certain nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--e-ga-suffix-yv9x5qvq",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "comparative"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-iu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish -iu",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*-yūs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-yūs",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-yōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish -iu, from Proto-Celtic *-yūs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 11 9 8 7 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the comparative degree of adjectives"
      ],
      "id": "en--e-ga-suffix-IIFzbZCO",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish feminine suffixes",
    "Irish inflectional suffixes",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish noun-forming suffixes",
    "Irish suffixes",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 44 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "abstract"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-e"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish -e",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*-iyā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-iyā",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-h₂",
        "4": "*-i-eh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish -e, from Proto-Celtic *-iyā, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-e f",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form abstract nouns from adjectives"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Irish emphatic suffixes",
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish inflectional suffixes",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish suffixes",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 44 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Simplification of *-nn-ne.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "emphatic suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "1 sg"
    },
    {
      "word": "-sa"
    },
    {
      "word": "-se"
    },
    {
      "word": "2 sg"
    },
    {
      "word": "3 sg. m."
    },
    {
      "word": "-san"
    },
    {
      "word": "-sean"
    },
    {
      "word": "3 sg. f."
    },
    {
      "word": "1 pl"
    },
    {
      "word": "-na"
    },
    {
      "english": "after nn in pronouns",
      "word": "-ne-e"
    },
    {
      "word": "2 pl"
    },
    {
      "word": "3 pl"
    },
    {
      "word": "Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor"
    },
    {
      "word": "to verbs"
    },
    {
      "word": "predicate adjectives"
    },
    {
      "word": "and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject"
    },
    {
      "word": "and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "used after -nn in pronouns",
          "word": "-ne"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -ne (used after -nn in pronouns)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ne",
          "-ne#Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish inflectional suffixes",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish suffixes",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 44 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-e"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish -e",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-yās"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-yās",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-yeh₂-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂-s",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish -e, from Proto-Celtic *-yās, from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂-s.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the genitive singular of second-declension nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the feminine genitive singular of first-declension adjectives"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish inflectional suffixes",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish suffixes",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 44 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": ",",
      "name": ","
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a variety of Old Irish nominative and accusative plural endings including -i in masculine and feminine i-stems and in feminine ī-stems, -e in neuter i-stems, and -ea in some consonant stems; from various Proto-Celtic endings.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plural of certain nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish inflectional suffixes",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish suffixes",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 44 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "comparative"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "-iu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish -iu",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*-yūs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-yūs",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-yōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish -iu, from Proto-Celtic *-yūs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "-e",
      "name": "ga-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the comparative degree of adjectives"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-e"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -e meaning in Irish (6.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.