"-s" meaning in German

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "-es"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German -es",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German [Term?]",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German -es, from Old High German [Term?].",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the genitive singular of most masculine nouns, neuter nouns, and proper nouns of all genders."
      ],
      "id": "en--s-de-suffix-t1lVp0vM",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-es"
        },
        {
          "english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant; dated",
          "word": "-ens"
        },
        {
          "english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant",
          "word": "-'"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "common",
            "noun",
            "proscribed"
          ],
          "word": "-'s"
        },
        {
          "english": "proper nouns; correct in certain cases, but often seen as a misspelling",
          "word": "-'s"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "nds-de",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably derived from the genitive -s (etymology 1), but developed into a noun-forming suffix in German Low German and Central German dialects.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "-s m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "klacken + -s → Klacks"
        },
        {
          "text": "schnappen + -s → Schnaps"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to form nouns from verb stems"
      ],
      "id": "en--s-de-suffix-RkIVlhip",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German [Term?]",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gml"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "French",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]. Reinforced by the fact that French and English also use -s as a plural suffix.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-s-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plurals of some nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--s-de-suffix-8g1muYm5",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 12 15 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plurals of personal names, particularly family names."
      ],
      "id": "en--s-de-suffix-B16MgrCR",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "-'s"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "family names ending with a sibilant consonant",
      "word": "-ens"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German inflectional suffixes",
    "German terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
    "German terms derived from English",
    "German terms derived from French",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "Middle Low German term requests",
    "Old High German term requests",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "-es"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German -es",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German [Term?]",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German -es, from Old High German [Term?].",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the genitive singular of most masculine nouns, neuter nouns, and proper nouns of all genders."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-es"
    },
    {
      "english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant; dated",
      "word": "-ens"
    },
    {
      "english": "proper nouns ending with a sibilant consonant",
      "word": "-'"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "common",
        "noun",
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "-'s"
    },
    {
      "english": "proper nouns; correct in certain cases, but often seen as a misspelling",
      "word": "-'s"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German inflectional suffixes",
    "German lemmas",
    "German masculine suffixes",
    "German suffixes",
    "German terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
    "German terms derived from English",
    "German terms derived from French",
    "German terms derived from German Low German",
    "German terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Middle Low German term requests",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "nds-de",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably derived from the genitive -s (etymology 1), but developed into a noun-forming suffix in German Low German and Central German dialects.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "suffix",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "-s m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German links with redundant target parameters"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "klacken + -s → Klacks"
        },
        {
          "text": "schnappen + -s → Schnaps"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to form nouns from verb stems"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German inflectional suffixes",
    "German terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
    "German terms derived from English",
    "German terms derived from French",
    "German terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Middle Low German term requests",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German [Term?]",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gml"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "French",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "English",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German [Term?]. Reinforced by the fact that French and English also use -s as a plural suffix.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "inflectional suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-s-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plurals of some nouns."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the plurals of personal names, particularly family names."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "-'s"
    },
    {
      "english": "family names ending with a sibilant consonant",
      "word": "-ens"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-s"
}