"-ler" meaning in Turkish

See -ler in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /leɾ/, [leɾ] (note: before vowels or at end of speech), [læɾ] (note: before consonants) Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -lar [back-vowel-harmony], -ler [error-unrecognized-form]
Etymology: From Ottoman Turkish ـلر, ultimately from Common Turkic *-ler, a plural suffix which is absent from Proto-Turkic. Found as Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar) (back variant) but not found in the sister Oghur branch (compare Chuvash -сем (-sem), Bulgar -ڛَم), where it descended from *sāyïn (“every”). The Chuvash plural suffix, however, lacks vowel harmony unlike other suffixes. Etymology templates: {{inh|tr|ota|ـلر}} Ottoman Turkish ـلر, {{inh|tr|trk-cmn|*-ler}} Common Turkic *-ler, {{cog|otk||tr=-lar}} Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar), {{cog|cv|-сем}} Chuvash -сем (-sem), {{cog|xbo|-ڛَم}} Bulgar -ڛَم Head templates: {{head|tr|suffix||-{{{var}}}|head=}} -ler, {{tr-suffix}} -ler
  1. Used to form plurals of nouns. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ler-tr-suffix-EkdOjNQj Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Turkish entries with incorrect language header
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "ـلر"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـلر",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-cmn",
        "3": "*-ler"
      },
      "expansion": "Common Turkic *-ler",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "otk",
        "2": "",
        "tr": "-lar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cv",
        "2": "-сем"
      },
      "expansion": "Chuvash -сем (-sem)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbo",
        "2": "-ڛَم"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgar -ڛَم",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـلر, ultimately from Common Turkic *-ler, a plural suffix which is absent from Proto-Turkic. Found as Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar) (back variant) but not found in the sister Oghur branch (compare Chuvash -сем (-sem), Bulgar -ڛَم), where it descended from *sāyïn (“every”). The Chuvash plural suffix, however, lacks vowel harmony unlike other suffixes.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-suffix-forms",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-lar",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "back-vowel-harmony"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ler",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-{{{var}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ler",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ler",
      "name": "tr-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "çiçek (“flower”) + -ler → çiçekler (“flowers”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country.",
          "text": "Bu ülkede daima Mustafa Kemaller olacak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "We will go to my aunt's (home).",
          "text": "Teyzemlere gideceğiz.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form plurals of nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--ler-tr-suffix-EkdOjNQj",
      "links": [
        [
          "plural",
          "plural#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/leɾ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[leɾ]",
      "note": "before vowels or at end of speech"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[læɾ]",
      "note": "before consonants"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ler"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "ـلر"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـلر",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-cmn",
        "3": "*-ler"
      },
      "expansion": "Common Turkic *-ler",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "otk",
        "2": "",
        "tr": "-lar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cv",
        "2": "-сем"
      },
      "expansion": "Chuvash -сем (-sem)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbo",
        "2": "-ڛَم"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgar -ڛَم",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـلر, ultimately from Common Turkic *-ler, a plural suffix which is absent from Proto-Turkic. Found as Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar) (back variant) but not found in the sister Oghur branch (compare Chuvash -сем (-sem), Bulgar -ڛَم), where it descended from *sāyïn (“every”). The Chuvash plural suffix, however, lacks vowel harmony unlike other suffixes.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-suffix-forms",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-lar",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "back-vowel-harmony"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ler",
      "source": "Floating Div",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-{{{var}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ler",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ler",
      "name": "tr-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms",
        "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Turkish lemmas",
        "Turkish suffixes",
        "Turkish terms derived from Common Turkic",
        "Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
        "Turkish terms inherited from Common Turkic",
        "Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
        "Turkish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "çiçek (“flower”) + -ler → çiçekler (“flowers”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country.",
          "text": "Bu ülkede daima Mustafa Kemaller olacak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "We will go to my aunt's (home).",
          "text": "Teyzemlere gideceğiz.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form plurals of nouns."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "plural",
          "plural#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/leɾ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[leɾ]",
      "note": "before vowels or at end of speech"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[læɾ]",
      "note": "before consonants"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ler"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ler meaning in Turkish (2.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'E / İ / Ö / Ü'",
  "path": [
    "-ler"
  ],
  "section": "Turkish",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-ler",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Turkish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.