See -ler in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـلر"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـلر",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-cmn-pro",
"3": "*-ler"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic *-ler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "",
"tr": "-lar"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-сем"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash -сем (-sem)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "ـڛَم"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar ـڛَم",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـلر, ultimately from Proto-Common Turkic *-ler, a plural suffix which is absent from Proto-Turkic. Found as Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar) (back variant) but not found in the sister Oghur branch (compare Chuvash -сем (-sem), Bulgar ـڛَم), where it descended from *sāyïn (“every”). The Chuvash plural suffix, however, lacks vowel harmony unlike other suffixes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-lar",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-ler",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ler",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ler",
"name": "tr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "çiçek (“flower”) + -ler → çiçekler (“flowers”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country.",
"text": "Bu ülkede daima Mustafa Kemaller olacak.",
"translation": "There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We will go to my aunt's (home).",
"text": "Teyzemlere gideceğiz.",
"translation": "We will go to my aunt's (home).",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plurals of nouns."
],
"id": "en--ler-tr-suffix-EkdOjNQj",
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/leɾ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[leɾ]",
"note": "before vowels or at end of speech"
},
{
"ipa": "[læɾ]",
"note": "before consonants"
}
],
"word": "-ler"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـلر"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـلر",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-cmn-pro",
"3": "*-ler"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic *-ler",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "",
"tr": "-lar"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-сем"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash -сем (-sem)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "ـڛَم"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar ـڛَم",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـلر, ultimately from Proto-Common Turkic *-ler, a plural suffix which is absent from Proto-Turkic. Found as Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar) (back variant) but not found in the sister Oghur branch (compare Chuvash -сем (-sem), Bulgar ـڛَم), where it descended from *sāyïn (“every”). The Chuvash plural suffix, however, lacks vowel harmony unlike other suffixes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-lar",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-ler",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ler",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ler",
"name": "tr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Common Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Common Turkic",
"Turkish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "çiçek (“flower”) + -ler → çiçekler (“flowers”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country.",
"text": "Bu ülkede daima Mustafa Kemaller olacak.",
"translation": "There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We will go to my aunt's (home).",
"text": "Teyzemlere gideceğiz.",
"translation": "We will go to my aunt's (home).",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plurals of nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/leɾ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[leɾ]",
"note": "before vowels or at end of speech"
},
{
"ipa": "[læɾ]",
"note": "before consonants"
}
],
"word": "-ler"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ler meaning in Turkish (2.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / ı / o / u'",
"path": [
"-ler"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ler",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / i / ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-ler"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ler",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"-ler",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "",
"title": "-ler",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 535336549<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Sat, 18 Jul 2026 11:48:29 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"-ler",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "",
"title": "-ler",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 515594617<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Sat, 18 Jul 2026 11:49:25 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Turkish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (b70b34c and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.