See -m on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "yí (“my”) + -m → yím (“mine (my something)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form (pro)nouns taking on the quality of the suffixed determiners, numbers, verbs and nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-aa-suffix-rOjHMACJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-mpi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -mpi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-mpi, cognate to Finnish -mpi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms comparative adjectives."
],
"id": "en--m-et-suffix-f1s4Q0~d",
"links": [
[
"comparative",
"comparative#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ma, cognate to Finnish -ma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "koguma (“to collect”) → kogum (“collection, complex, group of items or objects”)"
},
{
"text": "valima (“to select”) → valim (“sample (in statistics)”)"
},
{
"text": "hõljuma (“to float”) → hõljum (“plankton”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-et-suffix-dykxzGvq",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*mᴕ̈",
"4": "",
"5": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "-м",
"3": "",
"4": "my"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”); see also én (“I”). Cognate with Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:possessive",
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 7 21 9 9 9 5 0 9 10 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 4 14 6 6 6 4 0 5 6 1 1 9 10 11 1 6 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 34 15 15 15 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tud (“to know”) → tudom, tudtam, tudjam, tudnám (“I know / knew / should know / would know it”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kér (“to ask [for sth]”) → kérem, kértem, kérjem, kérném (“I ask / asked / should ask / would ask for it”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "alszik (“to sleep”) + -m → alszom (“I sleep”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal1",
"links": [
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tanulni (“to study”) + -m → tanulnom kell (“I need to study”, literally “for_me_to_study is_necessary”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "All I have to do is ask [for it]. (literally, “only for_me_to_ask is_necessary”)",
"text": "Csak kérnem kell.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal",
"hu:personal-inf"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-ban/-ben (“in”) + -m → bennem (“in me”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "elé (“in front of”) + -m → elém (“in front of me”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal1",
"links": [
[
"én",
"én#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "It can be traced back to the Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "öröm, álom, folyam"
},
{
"text": "alom, orom, hím"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-crUkkoMo",
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix, obsolete) Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "élemedett (“elderly”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"No longer productive in this sense."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-c2yC~-zh",
"qualifier": "frequentative verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(frequentative verb-forming suffix, obsolete) No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ilocano",
"lang_code": "ilo",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an",
"word": "-mo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -mo (used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an)"
],
"id": "en--m-ilo-pron-JUrpnY-C",
"links": [
[
"-mo",
"-mo#Ilocano"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#Ilocano"
],
[
"-an",
"-an#Ilocano"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "siak"
},
{
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-k"
},
{
"word": "kaniak"
},
{
"word": "bagik"
},
{
"word": "kukuak"
},
{
"word": "kuak"
},
{
"word": "data"
},
{
"word": "sita1"
},
{
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"word": "kaniata"
},
{
"word": "kadata"
},
{
"word": "bagita"
},
{
"word": "kukuata"
},
{
"word": "datayo"
},
{
"word": "sitayo1"
},
{
"word": "-tayo"
},
{
"word": "-tay"
},
{
"word": "kaniatayo"
},
{
"word": "kadatayo"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo"
},
{
"word": "kukuatayo"
},
{
"word": "dakami"
},
{
"word": "sikami1"
},
{
"word": "-kami"
},
{
"word": "-kam"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "kaniami"
},
{
"word": "kadakami"
},
{
"word": "bagimi"
},
{
"word": "kukuami"
},
{
"word": "sika"
},
{
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"word": "-mo"
},
{
"word": "kaniam"
},
{
"word": "kenka"
},
{
"word": "bagim"
},
{
"word": "kukuam"
},
{
"word": "dakayo"
},
{
"word": "sikayo1"
},
{
"word": "-kayo"
},
{
"word": "-kay"
},
{
"word": "-yo"
},
{
"word": "kaniayo"
},
{
"word": "kadakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo"
},
{
"word": "kukuayo"
},
{
"word": "isu"
},
{
"word": "isuna"
},
{
"word": "Ø2"
},
{
"word": "-na"
},
{
"word": "kaniana"
},
{
"word": "kenkuana"
},
{
"word": "bagina"
},
{
"word": "kukuana"
},
{
"word": "isuda"
},
{
"word": "-da"
},
{
"word": "kaniada"
},
{
"word": "kadakuada"
},
{
"word": "bagida"
},
{
"word": "kukuada"
},
{
"word": "bagik4"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-ko ida"
},
{
"word": "-k ida"
},
{
"word": "bagita4"
},
{
"word": "-ta ida"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo4"
},
{
"word": "-tayo ida"
},
{
"word": "bagimi4"
},
{
"word": "-daka"
},
{
"word": "-dakayo"
},
{
"word": "-mi ida"
},
{
"word": "-nak"
},
{
"word": "-nakami"
},
{
"word": "bagim4"
},
{
"word": "-mo ida"
},
{
"word": "-m ida"
},
{
"word": "-dak"
},
{
"word": "-data"
},
{
"word": "-dakami"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo4"
},
{
"word": "-yo ida"
},
{
"word": "-nata"
},
{
"word": "-natayo"
},
{
"word": "-naka"
},
{
"word": "-nakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagina4"
},
{
"word": "-na ida"
},
{
"word": "-datayo"
},
{
"word": "bagida4"
},
{
"word": "-da ida"
},
{
"word": "Fused enclitics"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mh",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "mh-head"
}
],
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Marshallese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--m-mh-suffix-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
},
{
"word": "im"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mʲ]",
"note": "phonetic"
},
{
"ipa": "/-mʲ/",
"note": "phonemic"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "têm ('I come.')"
},
{
"text": "çûm ('I went.')"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-kmr-suffix-8GUyoLAZ",
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a consonant",
"word": "-im"
}
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-mus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-mus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-mus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-m m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-m+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "-mu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-m+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "-maib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-maib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-m+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "-mo",
"gen_du2": "-ma",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "-mae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-mo+H",
"gen_sg2": "-ma+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "-m+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "-mae",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "-m",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "-m+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "-mu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-m",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbal nouns of A III (hiatus) verbs"
],
"id": "en--m-sga-suffix--06BYZNX",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Plural suffix (with m-declension nouns)"
],
"id": "en--m-phl-suffix-7wFaX2xe",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "past tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "jeśm"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish jeśm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*esmь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *esmь",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier -śm, a contraction of Old Polish jeśm, from Proto-Slavic *esmь.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "robić + -m → robiłem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądałem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past-tense first-person singular suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-pl-suffix-~fQb1bYn",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ś"
},
{
"word": "-ście"
},
{
"word": "-śmy"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a consonant",
"word": "-em"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "present tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish -m, from Proto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądam",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-pl-suffix-8GUyoLAZ",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-si"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-chá"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I speak Quechua. I am from Cuzco.",
"text": "Ñuqa runa simitam rimani. Qusqumantam kani.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Dogs eat raw meat.",
"text": "Allqukunaqa chawa aychatam mikunku.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evidential suffix, first-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has direct evidence/knowledge of some fact, having experienced it, seen it, heard it, etc."
],
"id": "en--m-qu-suffix-U9QV0Gus",
"links": [
[
"Evidential",
"evidential#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Where are you from?",
"text": "Maymantam kanki?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark an open-ended question; less formal than -taq."
],
"id": "en--m-qu-suffix-Xo7y0Dlk",
"links": [
[
"open-ended",
"open-ended#English"
],
[
"question",
"question#English"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#English"
],
[
"-taq",
"-taq#Quechua"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]",
"note": "Ayacucho"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ŋ]",
"note": "Cuzco-Collao"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "after consonants",
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Cuzco-Collao",
"word": "-n"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "cat - my cat",
"text": "kedi - kedim"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular possessive suffix denoting singular possession in words ending in a vowel."
],
"id": "en--m-tr-suffix-~PMNzNhU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "-м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "Cyrillic spelling",
"4": "-м"
},
"expansion": "-m (Cyrillic spelling -м)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This is my ball pen.",
"text": "Bu ruchkam.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-im after a vowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -im after a vowel."
],
"id": "en--m-uz-suffix-~Tb9I3ut",
"links": [
[
"-im",
"-im#Uzbek"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nenets:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrk",
"2": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Nenets: -м (-m°)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tundra Nenets: -м (-m°)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-sou",
"2": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Southern Selkup: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Selkup: -м (-m) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mari:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Mari: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*-ń"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic: *-ń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mordvinic: *-ń"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-нь"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: -нь (-ń)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: -нь (-ń)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *-m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *-m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-n",
"id": "accusative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *-n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *-n"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"pos": "accusative marker"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Frequently compared with Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the accusative case, indicating the object"
],
"id": "en--m-urj-pro-suffix-urj_pro:accusative",
"senseid": [
"urj-pro:accusative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: -m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "-v"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: -v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: -v"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Sami: -"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Inari Sami: -"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ending of the accusative singular."
],
"id": "en--m-smi-pro-suffix-E0k0E2dH",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "toku- (“to saddle”) + *-m → *tokum (“saddle-pad”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-xgn-pro-suffix-U~97ukVV",
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "öl- (“to die”) + *-m → *ölüm (“death”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-trk-pro-suffix-U~97ukVV",
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "-م",
"tr": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: -م (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: -م (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-мӗш",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Chuvash: -мӗш (-mĕš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Chuvash: -мӗш (-mĕš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Common Turkic: *-m-inči"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-minci"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -minci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -minci"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-minji"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -minji",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -minji"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 23 23 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bīr (“one”) + *-m → *bīrim (“first”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms ordinals of numerals."
],
"id": "en--m-trk-pro-suffix-88Eyg8B-",
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal"
],
[
"numeral",
"numeral"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-inči"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "afa-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Afroasiatic",
"lang_code": "afa-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Afroasiatic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Afroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adjective suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-afa-pro-suffix-HTVEJyQj",
"links": [
[
"Adjective",
"Appendix:Glossary#adjective"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Afroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Attributive noun suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-afa-pro-suffix-VqqYxUkR",
"links": [
[
"Attributive",
"Appendix:Glossary#attributive"
],
[
"noun",
"Appendix:Glossary#noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"attributive",
"morpheme",
"noun",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Komi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "koi",
"2": "-ӧм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Permyak: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Permyak: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-kya",
"2": "-өм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Yazva: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Yazva: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "-ӧм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Zyrian: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "-эм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udmurt: -м (-m)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *-ma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 23 23 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form action/result nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-urj-prm-pro-suffix-MosLCyMt",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 23 23 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect participles of verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-urj-prm-pro-suffix-kSuU-LXh",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 23 23 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form result nouns from other nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-urj-prm-pro-suffix-igErKghl",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "after consonants, sometimes replacing the final vowel",
"word": "-äm"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"Afar lemmas",
"Afar suffixes",
"Afar terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "yí (“my”) + -m → yím (“mine (my something)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form (pro)nouns taking on the quality of the suffixed determiners, numbers, verbs and nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-mpi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -mpi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-mpi, cognate to Finnish -mpi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms comparative adjectives."
],
"links": [
[
"comparative",
"comparative#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ma, cognate to Finnish -ma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "koguma (“to collect”) → kogum (“collection, complex, group of items or objects”)"
},
{
"text": "valima (“to select”) → valim (“sample (in statistics)”)"
},
{
"text": "hõljuma (“to float”) → hõljum (“plankton”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*mᴕ̈",
"4": "",
"5": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "-м",
"3": "",
"4": "my"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”); see also én (“I”). Cognate with Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tud (“to know”) → tudom, tudtam, tudjam, tudnám (“I know / knew / should know / would know it”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kér (“to ask [for sth]”) → kérem, kértem, kérjem, kérném (“I ask / asked / should ask / would ask for it”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "alszik (“to sleep”) + -m → alszom (“I sleep”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tanulni (“to study”) + -m → tanulnom kell (“I need to study”, literally “for_me_to_study is_necessary”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "All I have to do is ask [for it]. (literally, “only for_me_to_ask is_necessary”)",
"text": "Csak kérnem kell.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal",
"hu:personal-inf"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-ban/-ben (“in”) + -m → bennem (“in me”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "elé (“in front of”) + -m → elém (“in front of me”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"links": [
[
"én",
"én#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "It can be traced back to the Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "öröm, álom, folyam"
},
{
"text": "alom, orom, hím"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix, obsolete) Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "élemedett (“elderly”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"No longer productive in this sense."
],
"qualifier": "frequentative verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(frequentative verb-forming suffix, obsolete) No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ilocano",
"lang_code": "ilo",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "siak"
},
{
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-k"
},
{
"word": "kaniak"
},
{
"word": "bagik"
},
{
"word": "kukuak"
},
{
"word": "kuak"
},
{
"word": "data"
},
{
"word": "sita1"
},
{
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"word": "kaniata"
},
{
"word": "kadata"
},
{
"word": "bagita"
},
{
"word": "kukuata"
},
{
"word": "datayo"
},
{
"word": "sitayo1"
},
{
"word": "-tayo"
},
{
"word": "-tay"
},
{
"word": "kaniatayo"
},
{
"word": "kadatayo"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo"
},
{
"word": "kukuatayo"
},
{
"word": "dakami"
},
{
"word": "sikami1"
},
{
"word": "-kami"
},
{
"word": "-kam"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "kaniami"
},
{
"word": "kadakami"
},
{
"word": "bagimi"
},
{
"word": "kukuami"
},
{
"word": "sika"
},
{
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"word": "-mo"
},
{
"word": "kaniam"
},
{
"word": "kenka"
},
{
"word": "bagim"
},
{
"word": "kukuam"
},
{
"word": "dakayo"
},
{
"word": "sikayo1"
},
{
"word": "-kayo"
},
{
"word": "-kay"
},
{
"word": "-yo"
},
{
"word": "kaniayo"
},
{
"word": "kadakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo"
},
{
"word": "kukuayo"
},
{
"word": "isu"
},
{
"word": "isuna"
},
{
"word": "Ø2"
},
{
"word": "-na"
},
{
"word": "kaniana"
},
{
"word": "kenkuana"
},
{
"word": "bagina"
},
{
"word": "kukuana"
},
{
"word": "isuda"
},
{
"word": "-da"
},
{
"word": "kaniada"
},
{
"word": "kadakuada"
},
{
"word": "bagida"
},
{
"word": "kukuada"
},
{
"word": "bagik4"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-ko ida"
},
{
"word": "-k ida"
},
{
"word": "bagita4"
},
{
"word": "-ta ida"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo4"
},
{
"word": "-tayo ida"
},
{
"word": "bagimi4"
},
{
"word": "-daka"
},
{
"word": "-dakayo"
},
{
"word": "-mi ida"
},
{
"word": "-nak"
},
{
"word": "-nakami"
},
{
"word": "bagim4"
},
{
"word": "-mo ida"
},
{
"word": "-m ida"
},
{
"word": "-dak"
},
{
"word": "-data"
},
{
"word": "-dakami"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo4"
},
{
"word": "-yo ida"
},
{
"word": "-nata"
},
{
"word": "-natayo"
},
{
"word": "-naka"
},
{
"word": "-nakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagina4"
},
{
"word": "-na ida"
},
{
"word": "-datayo"
},
{
"word": "bagida4"
},
{
"word": "-da ida"
},
{
"word": "Fused enclitics"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an",
"word": "-mo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ilocano entries with incorrect language header",
"Ilocano lemmas",
"Ilocano pronouns",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -mo (used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an)"
],
"links": [
[
"-mo",
"-mo#Ilocano"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#Ilocano"
],
[
"-an",
"-an#Ilocano"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mh",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "mh-head"
}
],
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Marshallese conjunctions",
"Marshallese entries with incorrect language header",
"Marshallese lemmas",
"Marshallese suffixes",
"Marshallese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mʲ]",
"note": "phonetic"
},
{
"ipa": "/-mʲ/",
"note": "phonemic"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "em"
},
{
"word": "im"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish suffixes",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "têm ('I come.')"
},
{
"text": "çûm ('I went.')"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a consonant",
"word": "-im"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-mus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-mus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-mus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-m m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-m+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "-mu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-m+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "-maib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-maib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-m+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "-mo",
"gen_du2": "-ma",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "-mae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-mo+H",
"gen_sg2": "-ma+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "-m+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "-mae",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "-m",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "-m+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "-mu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-m",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine suffixes",
"Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish suffixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbal nouns of A III (hiatus) verbs"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"Phalura lemmas",
"Phalura suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Plural suffix (with m-declension nouns)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish particles",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/m",
"Rhymes:Polish/m/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "past tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "jeśm"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish jeśm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*esmь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *esmь",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier -śm, a contraction of Old Polish jeśm, from Proto-Slavic *esmь.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ś"
},
{
"word": "-ście"
},
{
"word": "-śmy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "robić + -m → robiłem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądałem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past-tense first-person singular suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a consonant",
"word": "-em"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish particles",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/m",
"Rhymes:Polish/m/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "present tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish -m, from Proto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądam",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Afroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Afroasiatic lemmas",
"Proto-Afroasiatic suffixes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "afa-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Afroasiatic",
"lang_code": "afa-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Afroasiatic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Adjective suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"Adjective",
"Appendix:Glossary#adjective"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Attributive noun suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"Attributive",
"Appendix:Glossary#attributive"
],
[
"noun",
"Appendix:Glossary#noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"attributive",
"morpheme",
"noun",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mongolic lemmas",
"Proto-Mongolic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Mongolic suffixes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "toku- (“to saddle”) + *-m → *tokum (“saddle-pad”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Permic lemmas",
"Proto-Permic suffixes",
"Proto-Permic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Permic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Komi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "koi",
"2": "-ӧм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Permyak: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Permyak: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-kya",
"2": "-өм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Yazva: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Yazva: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "-ӧм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Zyrian: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "-эм",
"alt1": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udmurt: -м (-m)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *-ma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form action/result nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect participles of verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form result nouns from other nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after consonants, sometimes replacing the final vowel",
"word": "-äm"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: -m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: -m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "-v"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: -v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: -v"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Sami: -"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Inari Sami: -"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Samic lemmas",
"Proto-Samic suffixes",
"Proto-Samic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"glosses": [
"Ending of the accusative singular."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "öl- (“to die”) + *-m → *ölüm (“death”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "-م",
"tr": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: -م (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: -م (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-мӗш",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Chuvash: -мӗш (-mĕš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Chuvash: -мӗш (-mĕš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Common Turkic: *-m-inči"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-minci"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -minci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -minci"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-minji"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -minji",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -minji"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bīr (“one”) + *-m → *bīrim (“first”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms ordinals of numerals."
],
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal"
],
[
"numeral",
"numeral"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-inči"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nenets:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrk",
"2": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Nenets: -м (-m°)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tundra Nenets: -м (-m°)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-sou",
"2": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Southern Selkup: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Selkup: -м (-m) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mari:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "-м"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari: -м (-m)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Mari: -м (-m)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*-ń"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic: *-ń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mordvinic: *-ń"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "-нь"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: -нь (-ń)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: -нь (-ń)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *-m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *-m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-n",
"id": "accusative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *-n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *-n"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"pos": "accusative marker"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Frequently compared with Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"forms the accusative case, indicating the object"
],
"senseid": [
"urj-pro:accusative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"Quechua lemmas",
"Quechua suffixes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-s"
},
{
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "-ch"
},
{
"word": "-chá"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Quechua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I speak Quechua. I am from Cuzco.",
"text": "Ñuqa runa simitam rimani. Qusqumantam kani.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Dogs eat raw meat.",
"text": "Allqukunaqa chawa aychatam mikunku.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evidential suffix, first-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has direct evidence/knowledge of some fact, having experienced it, seen it, heard it, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"Evidential",
"evidential#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Quechua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Where are you from?",
"text": "Maymantam kanki?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark an open-ended question; less formal than -taq."
],
"links": [
[
"open-ended",
"open-ended#English"
],
[
"question",
"question#English"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#English"
],
[
"-taq",
"-taq#Quechua"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]",
"note": "Ayacucho"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ŋ]",
"note": "Cuzco-Collao"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after consonants",
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"alt": "Cuzco-Collao",
"word": "-n"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "cat - my cat",
"text": "kedi - kedim"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular possessive suffix denoting singular possession in words ending in a vowel."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "-м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "Cyrillic spelling",
"4": "-м"
},
"expansion": "-m (Cyrillic spelling -м)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"Uzbek links with redundant wikilinks",
"Uzbek non-lemma forms",
"Uzbek suffix forms",
"Uzbek terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This is my ball pen.",
"text": "Bu ruchkam.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-im after a vowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -im after a vowel."
],
"links": [
[
"-im",
"-im#Uzbek"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -m meaning in All languages combined (31.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Ilocano",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "-m",
"trace": "started on line 5, detected on line 186"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Ilocano",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Ilocano",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Initial mutations of a following adjective: *ᴴ = triggers aspiration *ᴸ = triggers lenition *ᴺ = triggers nasalization",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.