See -m on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "yí (“my”) + -m → yím (“mine (my something)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form (pro)nouns taking on the quality of the suffixed determiners, numbers, verbs and nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-aa-suffix-rOjHMACJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-mpi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -mpi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-mpi, cognate to Finnish -mpi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms comparative adjectives."
],
"id": "en--m-et-suffix-f1s4Q0~d",
"links": [
[
"comparative",
"comparative#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ma, cognate to Finnish -ma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "koguma (“to collect”) → kogum (“collection, complex, group of items or objects”)"
},
{
"text": "valima (“to select”) → valim (“sample (in statistics)”)"
},
{
"text": "hõljuma (“to float”) → hõljum (“plankton”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-et-suffix-dykxzGvq",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*mᴕ̈",
"4": "",
"5": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "-м",
"3": "",
"4": "my"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”); see also én (“I”). Cognate with Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:possessive",
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 5 15 7 7 7 4 0 6 7 9 15 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 11 4 4 4 3 0 4 5 7 8 9 1 5 7 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 31 16 16 16 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tud (“to know”) → tudom, tudtam, tudjam, tudnám (“I know / knew / should know / would know it”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kér (“to ask [for sth]”) → kérem, kértem, kérjem, kérném (“I ask / asked / should ask / would ask for it”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "alszik (“to sleep”) + -m → alszom (“I sleep”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal1",
"links": [
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tanulni (“to study”) + -m → tanulnom kell (“I need to study”, literally “for_me_to_study is_necessary”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
5
]
],
"english": "All I have to do is ask [for it].",
"literal_meaning": "only for_me_to_ask is_necessary",
"text": "Csak kérnem kell.",
"translation": "All I have to do is ask [for it].",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal",
"hu:personal-inf"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-ban/-ben (“in”) + -m → bennem (“in me”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "elé (“in front of”) + -m → elém (“in front of me”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-hu:personal1",
"links": [
[
"én",
"én#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "It can be traced back to the Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "öröm, álom, folyam"
},
{
"text": "alom, orom, hím"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-crUkkoMo",
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix, obsolete) Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "élemedett (“elderly”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"No longer productive in this sense."
],
"id": "en--m-hu-suffix-c2yC~-zh",
"qualifier": "frequentative verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(frequentative verb-forming suffix, obsolete) No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ilocano",
"lang_code": "ilo",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an",
"word": "-mo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -mo (used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an)"
],
"id": "en--m-ilo-pron-6DzMqI97",
"links": [
[
"-mo",
"-mo#Ilocano"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#Ilocano"
],
[
"-an",
"-an#Ilocano"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "siak"
},
{
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-k"
},
{
"word": "kaniak"
},
{
"word": "bagik"
},
{
"word": "kukuak"
},
{
"word": "kuak"
},
{
"word": "data"
},
{
"word": "sita1"
},
{
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"word": "kaniata"
},
{
"word": "kadata"
},
{
"word": "bagita"
},
{
"word": "kukuata"
},
{
"word": "datayo"
},
{
"word": "sitayo1"
},
{
"word": "-tayo"
},
{
"word": "-tay"
},
{
"word": "kaniatayo"
},
{
"word": "kadatayo"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo"
},
{
"word": "kukuatayo"
},
{
"word": "dakami"
},
{
"word": "sikami1"
},
{
"word": "-kami"
},
{
"word": "-kam"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "kaniami"
},
{
"word": "kadakami"
},
{
"word": "bagimi"
},
{
"word": "kukuami"
},
{
"word": "sika"
},
{
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"word": "-mo"
},
{
"word": "kaniam"
},
{
"word": "kenka"
},
{
"word": "bagim"
},
{
"word": "kukuam"
},
{
"word": "dakayo"
},
{
"word": "sikayo1"
},
{
"word": "-kayo"
},
{
"word": "-kay"
},
{
"word": "-yo"
},
{
"word": "kaniayo"
},
{
"word": "kadakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo"
},
{
"word": "kukuayo"
},
{
"word": "isu"
},
{
"word": "isuna"
},
{
"word": "Ø2"
},
{
"word": "-na"
},
{
"word": "kaniana"
},
{
"word": "kenkuana"
},
{
"word": "bagina"
},
{
"word": "kukuana"
},
{
"word": "isuda"
},
{
"word": "-da"
},
{
"word": "kaniada"
},
{
"word": "kadakuada"
},
{
"word": "bagida"
},
{
"word": "kukuada"
},
{
"word": "bagik4"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-ko ida"
},
{
"word": "-k ida"
},
{
"word": "bagita4"
},
{
"word": "-ta ida"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo4"
},
{
"word": "-tayo ida"
},
{
"word": "bagimi4"
},
{
"word": "-daka"
},
{
"word": "-dakayo"
},
{
"word": "-mi ida"
},
{
"word": "-nak"
},
{
"word": "-nakami"
},
{
"word": "bagim4"
},
{
"word": "-mo ida"
},
{
"word": "-m ida"
},
{
"word": "-dak"
},
{
"word": "-data"
},
{
"word": "-dakami"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo4"
},
{
"word": "-yo ida"
},
{
"word": "-nata"
},
{
"word": "-natayo"
},
{
"word": "-naka"
},
{
"word": "-nakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagina4"
},
{
"word": "-na ida"
},
{
"word": "-datayo"
},
{
"word": "bagida4"
},
{
"word": "-da ida"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "em",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mh",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "mh-head"
}
],
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Marshallese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--m-mh-suffix-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mʲ]",
"topics": [
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-mʲ/",
"note": "phonemic"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "têm ('I come.')"
},
{
"text": "çûm ('I went.')"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-kmr-suffix-8GUyoLAZ",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-mus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-mus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-mus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-m m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-m+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "-mu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-m+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "-maib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-maib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-m+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "-mo",
"gen_du2": "-ma",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "-mae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-mo+H",
"gen_sg2": "-ma+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "-m+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "-mae",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "-m",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "-m+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "-mu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-m",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbal nouns of A III (hiatus) verbs"
],
"id": "en--m-sga-suffix--06BYZNX",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Plural suffix (with m-declension nouns)"
],
"id": "en--m-phl-suffix-7wFaX2xe",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "past tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "jeśm"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish jeśm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*esmь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *esmь",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier -śm, a contraction of Old Polish jeśm, from Proto-Slavic *esmь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-m"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"m"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "robić + -m → robiłem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądałem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past-tense first-person singular suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-pl-suffix-~fQb1bYn",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ś"
},
{
"word": "-ście"
},
{
"word": "-śmy"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "present tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish -m, from Proto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-m"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"m"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądam",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"id": "en--m-pl-suffix-8GUyoLAZ",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-mi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-si"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-chá"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
13
],
[
16,
17
],
[
20,
21
],
[
31,
32
],
[
36,
37
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
15
],
[
27,
32
]
],
"english": "I speak Quechua. I am from Cuzco.",
"text": "Ñuqa runa simitam rimani. Qusqumantam kani.",
"translation": "I speak Quechua. I am from Cuzco.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
26
],
[
27,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"english": "Dogs eat raw meat.",
"text": "Allqukunaqa chawa aychatam mikunku.",
"translation": "Dogs eat raw meat.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evidential suffix, first-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has direct evidence/knowledge of some fact, having experienced it, seen it, heard it, etc."
],
"id": "en--m-qu-suffix-U9QV0Gus",
"links": [
[
"Evidential",
"evidential#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 5 15 7 7 7 4 0 6 7 9 15 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 11 4 4 4 3 0 4 5 7 8 9 1 5 7 11 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
4
],
[
8,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
18,
19
]
],
"english": "Where are you from?",
"text": "Maymantam kanki?",
"translation": "Where are you from?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark an open-ended question; less formal than -taq."
],
"id": "en--m-qu-suffix-Xo7y0Dlk",
"links": [
[
"open-ended",
"open-ended#English"
],
[
"question",
"question#English"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#English"
],
[
"-taq",
"-taq#Quechua"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]",
"note": "Ayacucho"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ŋ]",
"note": "Cuzco-Collao"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ım",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-üm",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kedi (“cat”) + -m → kedim (“my cat”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Utku (“Utku”) + -m → Utku'm (“my Utku”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Post-vocalic form of -im."
],
"id": "en--m-tr-suffix-kmXjG42k",
"links": [
[
"-im",
"-im#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "go - I am going",
"text": "git - gidiyom",
"translation": "go - I am going"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternate form of first-person singular simple present tense copula conjugation suffix -um used after informal present continuous suffix -iyo"
],
"id": "en--m-tr-suffix-yalVlVRo",
"links": [
[
"-um",
"-um"
],
[
"-iyo",
"-iyo"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "-м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "Cyrillic spelling",
"4": "-м"
},
"expansion": "-m (Cyrillic spelling -м)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"english": "This is my ball pen.",
"text": "Bu ruchkam.",
"translation": "This is my ball pen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-im after a vowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -im after a vowel."
],
"id": "en--m-uz-suffix-~Tb9I3ut",
"links": [
[
"-im",
"-im#Uzbek"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tundra Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk",
"roman": "-m°",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Mari",
"lang_code": "chm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"roman": "-ń",
"word": "-нь"
},
{
"lang": "Moksha",
"lang_code": "mdf",
"roman": "-ń",
"word": "-нь"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mordvinic",
"lang_code": "urj-mdv-pro",
"word": "*-ń"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"word": "*-m"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"word": "*-n"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"pos": "accusative marker"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Frequently compared with Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the accusative case, indicating the object"
],
"id": "en--m-urj-pro-suffix-urj_pro:accusative",
"senseid": [
"urj-pro:accusative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Sami",
"lang_code": "sma",
"word": "-m"
},
{
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"lang_code": "smj",
"word": "-v"
}
],
"lang": "Western Samic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Eastern Samic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ending of the accusative singular."
],
"id": "en--m-smi-pro-suffix-E0k0E2dH",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "toku- (“to saddle”) + *-m → *tokum (“saddle-pad”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-xgn-pro-suffix-U~97ukVV",
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "öl- (“to die”) + *-m → *ölüm (“death”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-trk-pro-suffix-U~97ukVV",
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "-mĕš",
"word": "-мӗш"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-م"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "-minci"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "-minji"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
]
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "-minci"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "-minji"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*-m-inči"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 27 28 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bīr (“one”) + *-m → *bīrim (“first”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms ordinals of numerals."
],
"id": "en--m-trk-pro-suffix-88Eyg8B-",
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal"
],
[
"numeral",
"numeral"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-inč"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Permyak",
"lang_code": "koi",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
},
{
"lang": "Komi-Yazva",
"lang_code": "urj-kya",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
},
{
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Komi",
"lang_code": "kv"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*-äm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 25 26 28 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 28 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form action/result nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-urj-prm-pro-suffix-MosLCyMt",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 25 26 28 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 28 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect participles of verbs."
],
"id": "en--m-urj-prm-pro-suffix-kSuU-LXh",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 9 25 26 28 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 27 28 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form result nouns from other nouns."
],
"id": "en--m-urj-prm-pro-suffix-igErKghl",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yen-pro",
"2": "suf"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Yeniseian",
"lang_code": "qfa-yen-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Yeniseian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "*-b"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine noun-class marker"
],
"id": "en--m-qfa-yen-pro-suffix-UYgknyN3",
"links": [
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"Afar lemmas",
"Afar suffixes",
"Afar terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "yí (“my”) + -m → yím (“mine (my something)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form (pro)nouns taking on the quality of the suffixed determiners, numbers, verbs and nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-mpi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -mpi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-mpi, cognate to Finnish -mpi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms comparative adjectives."
],
"links": [
[
"comparative",
"comparative#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-ma"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-ma, cognate to Finnish -ma.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "koguma (“to collect”) → kogum (“collection, complex, group of items or objects”)"
},
{
"text": "valima (“to select”) → valim (“sample (in statistics)”)"
},
{
"text": "hõljuma (“to float”) → hõljum (“plankton”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*mᴕ̈",
"4": "",
"5": "I"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "-м",
"3": "",
"4": "my"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Uralic *mᴕ̈ (“I”); see also én (“I”). Cognate with Northern Mansi -м (-m, “my”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"links": [
[
"my",
"my"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tud (“to know”) → tudom, tudtam, tudjam, tudnám (“I know / knew / should know / would know it”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kér (“to ask [for sth]”) → kérem, kértem, kérjem, kérném (“I ask / asked / should ask / would ask for it”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "alszik (“to sleep”) + -m → alszom (“I sleep”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-ik",
"-ik#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Indefinite forms of -ik verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tanulni (“to study”) + -m → tanulnom kell (“I need to study”, literally “for_me_to_study is_necessary”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
5
]
],
"english": "All I have to do is ask [for it].",
"literal_meaning": "only for_me_to_ask is_necessary",
"text": "Csak kérnem kell.",
"translation": "All I have to do is ask [for it].",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for me to do something”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal",
"hu:personal-inf"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "-ban/-ben (“in”) + -m → bennem (“in me”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "elé (“in front of”) + -m → elém (“in front of me”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"links": [
[
"én",
"én#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) First-person singular personal suffix:",
"Declined and postpositional forms of the first-person personal pronoun én (“I”)."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "It can be traced back to the Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "öröm, álom, folyam"
},
{
"text": "alom, orom, hím"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix, obsolete) Added to a verb (or rarely to a noun) to form a noun. No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "élemedett (“elderly”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"No longer productive in this sense."
],
"qualifier": "frequentative verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(frequentative verb-forming suffix, obsolete) No longer productive in this sense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ilocano",
"lang_code": "ilo",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "siak"
},
{
"word": "-ak"
},
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "-k"
},
{
"word": "kaniak"
},
{
"word": "bagik"
},
{
"word": "kukuak"
},
{
"word": "kuak"
},
{
"word": "data"
},
{
"word": "sita1"
},
{
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"word": "kaniata"
},
{
"word": "kadata"
},
{
"word": "bagita"
},
{
"word": "kukuata"
},
{
"word": "datayo"
},
{
"word": "sitayo1"
},
{
"word": "-tayo"
},
{
"word": "-tay"
},
{
"word": "kaniatayo"
},
{
"word": "kadatayo"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo"
},
{
"word": "kukuatayo"
},
{
"word": "dakami"
},
{
"word": "sikami1"
},
{
"word": "-kami"
},
{
"word": "-kam"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "kaniami"
},
{
"word": "kadakami"
},
{
"word": "bagimi"
},
{
"word": "kukuami"
},
{
"word": "sika"
},
{
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"word": "-mo"
},
{
"word": "kaniam"
},
{
"word": "kenka"
},
{
"word": "bagim"
},
{
"word": "kukuam"
},
{
"word": "dakayo"
},
{
"word": "sikayo1"
},
{
"word": "-kayo"
},
{
"word": "-kay"
},
{
"word": "-yo"
},
{
"word": "kaniayo"
},
{
"word": "kadakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo"
},
{
"word": "kukuayo"
},
{
"word": "isu"
},
{
"word": "isuna"
},
{
"word": "Ø2"
},
{
"word": "-na"
},
{
"word": "kaniana"
},
{
"word": "kenkuana"
},
{
"word": "bagina"
},
{
"word": "kukuana"
},
{
"word": "isuda"
},
{
"word": "-da"
},
{
"word": "kaniada"
},
{
"word": "kadakuada"
},
{
"word": "bagida"
},
{
"word": "kukuada"
},
{
"word": "bagik4"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-ko ida"
},
{
"word": "-k ida"
},
{
"word": "bagita4"
},
{
"word": "-ta ida"
},
{
"word": "bagitayo4"
},
{
"word": "-tayo ida"
},
{
"word": "bagimi4"
},
{
"word": "-daka"
},
{
"word": "-dakayo"
},
{
"word": "-mi ida"
},
{
"word": "-nak"
},
{
"word": "-nakami"
},
{
"word": "bagim4"
},
{
"word": "-mo ida"
},
{
"word": "-m ida"
},
{
"word": "-dak"
},
{
"word": "-data"
},
{
"word": "-dakami"
},
{
"word": "bagiyo4"
},
{
"word": "-yo ida"
},
{
"word": "-nata"
},
{
"word": "-natayo"
},
{
"word": "-naka"
},
{
"word": "-nakayo"
},
{
"word": "bagina4"
},
{
"word": "-na ida"
},
{
"word": "-datayo"
},
{
"word": "bagida4"
},
{
"word": "-da ida"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an",
"word": "-mo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ilocano entries with incorrect language header",
"Ilocano lemmas",
"Ilocano pronouns",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -mo (used before vowels and suffixes -en and -an)"
],
"links": [
[
"-mo",
"-mo#Ilocano"
],
[
"-en",
"-en#Ilocano"
],
[
"-an",
"-an#Ilocano"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "em",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mh",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "mh-head"
}
],
"lang": "Marshallese",
"lang_code": "mh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Marshallese conjunctions",
"Marshallese entries with incorrect language header",
"Marshallese lemmas",
"Marshallese suffixes",
"Marshallese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mʲ]",
"topics": [
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-mʲ/",
"note": "phonemic"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-im",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish suffixes",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "têm ('I come.')"
},
{
"text": "çûm ('I went.')"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-mus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-mus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *-mus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-mu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-mae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-maib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-m m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "-m+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "-mu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "-m+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "-maib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "-maib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "-m+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "-mo",
"gen_du2": "-ma",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "-mae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "-mo+H",
"gen_sg2": "-ma+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "-m+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "-mae",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "-m",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "-m+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "-mu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "-m",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine suffixes",
"Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish suffixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbal nouns of A III (hiatus) verbs"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"Phalura lemmas",
"Phalura suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Plural suffix (with m-declension nouns)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish particles",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/m",
"Rhymes:Polish/m/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "past tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "jeśm"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish jeśm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*esmь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *esmь",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier -śm, a contraction of Old Polish jeśm, from Proto-Slavic *esmь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-em",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-m"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"m"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ś"
},
{
"word": "-ście"
},
{
"word": "-śmy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "robić + -m → robiłem",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądałem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past-tense first-person singular suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish particles",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/m",
"Rhymes:Polish/m/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "present tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-m"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -m",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish -m, from Proto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-m"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"m"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "oglądać + -m → oglądam",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular suffix"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/m/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-m"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Turkic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mongolic lemmas",
"Proto-Mongolic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Mongolic suffixes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "toku- (“to saddle”) + *-m → *tokum (“saddle-pad”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Permic lemmas",
"Proto-Permic suffixes",
"Proto-Permic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Permic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Komi-Permyak",
"lang_code": "koi",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
},
{
"lang": "Komi-Yazva",
"lang_code": "urj-kya",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
},
{
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"lang_code": "kpv",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Komi",
"lang_code": "kv"
},
{
"lang": "Udmurt",
"lang_code": "udm",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*-ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-ma",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-ma. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*-äm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form action/result nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect participles of verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form result nouns from other nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Sami",
"lang_code": "sma",
"word": "-m"
},
{
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"lang_code": "smj",
"word": "-v"
}
],
"lang": "Western Samic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Eastern Samic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-m",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-m.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Samic lemmas",
"Proto-Samic suffixes",
"Proto-Samic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"glosses": [
"Ending of the accusative singular."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"t": "suffix forming deverbal nouns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-m (“suffix forming deverbal nouns”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "öl- (“to die”) + *-m → *ölüm (“death”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"deverbal",
"deverbal"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "-mĕš",
"word": "-мӗш"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-م"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "-minci"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "-minji"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
]
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "-minci"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "-minji"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*-m-inči"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bīr (“one”) + *-m → *bīrim (“first”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms ordinals of numerals."
],
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal"
],
[
"numeral",
"numeral"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-inč"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tundra Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk",
"roman": "-m°",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Southern Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"roman": "-m",
"word": "-м"
}
],
"lang": "Mari",
"lang_code": "chm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"roman": "-ń",
"word": "-нь"
},
{
"lang": "Moksha",
"lang_code": "mdf",
"roman": "-ń",
"word": "-нь"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mordvinic",
"lang_code": "urj-mdv-pro",
"word": "*-ń"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"word": "*-m"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"word": "*-n"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-m",
"pos": "accusative marker"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Frequently compared with Proto-Indo-European *-m (accusative marker).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"forms the accusative case, indicating the object"
],
"senseid": [
"urj-pro:accusative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yen-pro",
"2": "suf"
},
"expansion": "*-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Yeniseian",
"lang_code": "qfa-yen-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/-m",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Yeniseian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Yeniseian lemmas",
"Proto-Yeniseian suffixes"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "*-b"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine noun-class marker"
],
"links": [
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"Quechua lemmas",
"Quechua suffixes"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-mi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-s"
},
{
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "-ch"
},
{
"word": "-chá"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Quechua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
13
],
[
16,
17
],
[
20,
21
],
[
31,
32
],
[
36,
37
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
15
],
[
27,
32
]
],
"english": "I speak Quechua. I am from Cuzco.",
"text": "Ñuqa runa simitam rimani. Qusqumantam kani.",
"translation": "I speak Quechua. I am from Cuzco.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
26
],
[
27,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"english": "Dogs eat raw meat.",
"text": "Allqukunaqa chawa aychatam mikunku.",
"translation": "Dogs eat raw meat.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evidential suffix, first-hand information. Indicates that the speaker has direct evidence/knowledge of some fact, having experienced it, seen it, heard it, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"Evidential",
"evidential#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Quechua terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
4
],
[
8,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
18,
19
]
],
"english": "Where are you from?",
"text": "Maymantam kanki?",
"translation": "Where are you from?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to mark an open-ended question; less formal than -taq."
],
"links": [
[
"open-ended",
"open-ended#English"
],
[
"question",
"question#English"
],
[
"formal",
"formal#English"
],
[
"-taq",
"-taq#Quechua"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-m/"
},
{
"ipa": "[-m]",
"note": "Ayacucho"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ŋ]",
"note": "Cuzco-Collao"
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ım",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-üm",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kedi (“cat”) + -m → kedim (“my cat”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Utku (“Utku”) + -m → Utku'm (“my Utku”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Post-vocalic form of -im."
],
"links": [
[
"-im",
"-im#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "go - I am going",
"text": "git - gidiyom",
"translation": "go - I am going"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternate form of first-person singular simple present tense copula conjugation suffix -um used after informal present continuous suffix -iyo"
],
"links": [
[
"-um",
"-um"
],
[
"-iyo",
"-iyo"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uz-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-im",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant"
]
},
{
"form": "-m",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "-м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "suffix form",
"3": "Cyrillic spelling",
"4": "-м"
},
"expansion": "-m (Cyrillic spelling -м)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"Uzbek links with redundant alt parameters",
"Uzbek links with redundant wikilinks",
"Uzbek non-lemma forms",
"Uzbek suffix forms",
"Uzbek terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"english": "This is my ball pen.",
"text": "Bu ruchkam.",
"translation": "This is my ball pen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-im after a vowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -im after a vowel."
],
"links": [
[
"-im",
"-im#Uzbek"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-m"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -m meaning in All languages combined (32.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / ı'",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / i'",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'o / u'",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-m"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-m",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.