"-au" meaning in All languages combined

See -au on Wiktionary

Suffix [Welsh]

IPA: /aɨ̯/ [North-Wales], /ɛ/ [North-Wales], /a/ [North-Wales], /ai̯/ [South-Wales], /ɛ/ [South-Wales]
Etymology: From Middle Welsh -eu, from Old Welsh -ou, from Proto-Brythonic *-ow, from Proto-Celtic *-owes, u-stem nominative plural. Cognate with Cornish -ow and Breton -où. Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|wlm|-eu}} Middle Welsh -eu, {{inh|cy|owl|-ou}} Old Welsh -ou, {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*-ow}} Proto-Brythonic *-ow, {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*-owes}} Proto-Celtic *-owes, {{cog|kw|-ow}} Cornish -ow, {{cog|br|-où}} Breton -où Head templates: {{head|cy|suffix form}} -au
  1. Forms plural nouns., -s Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--au-cy-suffix-rFZ4Tkul Categories (other): Pages with raw sortkeys, Welsh entries with incorrect language header, Welsh entries with language name categories using raw markup, Welsh heteronyms, Welsh terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages with raw sortkeys: 70 30 Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 69 31 Disambiguation of Welsh entries with language name categories using raw markup: 69 31 Disambiguation of Welsh heteronyms: 68 32 Disambiguation of Welsh terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 60 40 Synonyms: -aid, -aint, -ed, -edd, -en, -i, -iadau, -iaid, -iau, -ion, -od, -oedd, -on, -ydd, -yr, -ys
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [Welsh]

IPA: /ˈaɨ̯/ [North-Wales], /ˈai̯/ [South-Wales]
Head templates: {{head|cy|suffix form}} -au
  1. Alternative form of -hau (forms verbal nouns) Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -hau (extra: forms verbal nouns) Synonyms: -áu (english: when there is confusion with an identically-spelled plural)
    Sense id: en--au-cy-suffix-9jq6mrsl
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for -au meaning in All languages combined (3.3kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "-eu"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh -eu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "-ou"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh -ou",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*-ow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-ow",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*-owes"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-owes",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "-ow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish -ow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "-où"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton -où",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh -eu, from Old Welsh -ou, from Proto-Brythonic *-ow, from Proto-Celtic *-owes, u-stem nominative plural. Cognate with Cornish -ow and Breton -où.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "suffix form"
      },
      "expansion": "-au",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "70 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "68 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh heteronyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "syniad (“idea”) + -au → syniadau (“ideas”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "methiant (“failure”) + -au → methiannau (“failures”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "gwasanaeth (“service”) + -au → gwasanaethau (“services”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms plural nouns., -s"
      ],
      "id": "en--au-cy-suffix-rFZ4Tkul",
      "links": [
        [
          "-s",
          "-s"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-aid"
        },
        {
          "word": "-aint"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ed"
        },
        {
          "word": "-edd"
        },
        {
          "word": "-en"
        },
        {
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iadau"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iaid"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iau"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ion"
        },
        {
          "word": "-od"
        },
        {
          "word": "-oedd"
        },
        {
          "word": "-on"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ydd"
        },
        {
          "word": "-yr"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ys"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aɨ̯/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai̯/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-au"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "suffix form"
      },
      "expansion": "-au",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "forms verbal nouns",
          "word": "-hau"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -hau (forms verbal nouns)"
      ],
      "id": "en--au-cy-suffix-9jq6mrsl",
      "links": [
        [
          "-hau",
          "-hau#Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "when there is confusion with an identically-spelled plural",
          "word": "-áu"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaɨ̯/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈai̯/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-au"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Welsh heteronyms",
    "Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "Welsh plural suffixes",
    "Welsh suffix forms",
    "Welsh suffixes",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Welsh terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "-eu"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh -eu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "-ou"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh -ou",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*-ow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-ow",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*-owes"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-owes",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "-ow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish -ow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "-où"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton -où",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh -eu, from Old Welsh -ou, from Proto-Brythonic *-ow, from Proto-Celtic *-owes, u-stem nominative plural. Cognate with Cornish -ow and Breton -où.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "suffix form"
      },
      "expansion": "-au",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "syniad (“idea”) + -au → syniadau (“ideas”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "methiant (“failure”) + -au → methiannau (“failures”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "gwasanaeth (“service”) + -au → gwasanaethau (“services”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms plural nouns., -s"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-s",
          "-s"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-aid"
        },
        {
          "word": "-aint"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ed"
        },
        {
          "word": "-edd"
        },
        {
          "word": "-en"
        },
        {
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iadau"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iaid"
        },
        {
          "word": "-iau"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ion"
        },
        {
          "word": "-od"
        },
        {
          "word": "-oedd"
        },
        {
          "word": "-on"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ydd"
        },
        {
          "word": "-yr"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ys"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aɨ̯/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai̯/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-iau"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-au"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Welsh heteronyms",
    "Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "Welsh plural suffixes",
    "Welsh suffix forms",
    "Welsh suffixes",
    "Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Welsh terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "suffix form"
      },
      "expansion": "-au",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "forms verbal nouns",
          "word": "-hau"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -hau (forms verbal nouns)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-hau",
          "-hau#Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaɨ̯/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈai̯/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "when there is confusion with an identically-spelled plural",
      "word": "-áu"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-au"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.