See -ed on Wiktionary
{
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"2": "-aði",
"t": "-ed"
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"expansion": "Icelandic -aði (“-ed”)",
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ede, -eden, from Old English -ode, -odon (class 2 weak past ending), from Proto-Germanic *-ōd-, *-ōdēdun. Cognate with Saterland Frisian -ede (“-ed”, first person singular past indicative ending), German Low German -de (“-ed”, first and third person singular past indicative ending), Swedish -ade (“-ed”), Icelandic -aði (“-ed”).",
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{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "ci",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ཅི"
},
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"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-t"
},
{
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "past tense",
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{
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ott"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ett"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ött"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-ta",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-た"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "-at",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "았"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"note": "for most transitive verbs",
"roman": "for most intransitive verbs and a few transitive verbs",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-d -î"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"note": "for some basic verbs",
"sense": "past tense",
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"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
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{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-et"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-dd"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-tt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-tø"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-øt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-øyt"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-dd"
},
{
"code": "nn",
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},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-aut"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-de",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـده"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-d",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـد"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-te",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـته"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-t",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ł"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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],
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{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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{
"code": "ru",
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{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "-ли"
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{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ado"
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{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
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{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-t"
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{
"code": "uk",
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"code": "uk",
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{
"code": "vi",
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"sense": "past tense",
"word": "đã"
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{
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{
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "doublet",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ed, from Old English -od (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos. While identical in appearance to the past participle of class 2 weak verbs, this suffix was attached directly to nouns without any intervening verb. Cognate with Latin -ātus (whence also a doublet -ate).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-t"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-less"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 26 26 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 27 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "point + -ed → pointed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "horn + -ed → horned",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hoof + -ed → hooved",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form possessional adjectives from nouns, in the sense of having the object represented by the noun."
],
"id": "en--ed-en-suffix-en:having",
"links": [
[
"possessional adjective",
"possessional adjective#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:having"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ge- -d"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-kas"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-os"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-as"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ös"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kimi",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "気味"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-dar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-dâr",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ـدار"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 16",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ad"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"note": "ge- + -d",
"raw_tags": [
"as a past participle"
],
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"tags": [
"also"
]
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-nen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ú"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ű"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-jú"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-jű"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kimi",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "気味"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-y"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ny"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "27 26 26 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 27 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "red + hair + -ed → red-haired",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "left + hand + -ed → left-handed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "two + prong(s) + -ed → two-pronged",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As an extension of the above, used to form possessional adjectives from adjective-noun pairs."
],
"id": "en--ed-en-suffix-en:having_compound",
"senseid": [
"en:having-compound"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "d"
},
{
"ipa": "/d/"
},
{
"enpr": "t"
},
{
"ipa": "/t/"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭd",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--ed.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-%26%2345%3Bed.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-%26%2345%3Bed.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-%26%2345%3Bed.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-%26%2345%3Bed.wav.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭd",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dəd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"after -e"
],
"tags": [
"standard"
],
"word": "-d"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"poetry",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "-'d"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"poetry",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "-èd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate to Cornish -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "plural suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Breton entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 6 5 4 1 1 2 2 11 9 0 6 5 1 3 2 3 1 8 2 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 5 5 4 1 1 2 2 8 6 0 6 5 6 6 7 3 1 8 1 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kazhez (“female cat”) + -ed → kazhezed (“female cats”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix denoting plural of certain nouns"
],
"id": "en--ed-br-suffix-0tGWugFw",
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "-e-",
"3": "-d",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "possessive suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e- (linking vowel) + -d (possessive suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -e- (linking vowel) + -d (possessive suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 10 39 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kert (“garden”) + -ed → kerted (“your (singular, informal) garden”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Will you entrust me with the care of your garden?",
"text": "Megbízol engem a kerted gondozásával?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"your (second-person singular, single possession)"
],
"id": "en--ed-hu-suffix-hu:possessive",
"links": [
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) your (second-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛd]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "-e-",
"3": "-d",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "personal suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e- (linking vowel) + -d (personal suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -e- (linking vowel) + -d (personal suffix).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 10 39 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "fest (“to paint”) + -ed → fested (“you paint [him/her/it], you are painting [him/her/it]”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When do you paint the fence?",
"text": "Mikor fested a kerítést?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the definite second-person singular indicative present of verbs."
],
"id": "en--ed-hu-suffix-hu:personal",
"links": [
[
"definite",
"Appendix:Glossary#definite"
],
[
"second-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#second person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) Forms the definite second-person singular indicative present of verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛd]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "-e-",
"3": "-d",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "fraction-forming and verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-e- (linking vowel) + -d (fraction-forming and verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -e- (linking vowel) + -d (fraction-forming and verb-forming suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 10 39 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ezer (“thousand”) + -ed → ezred (“thousandth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-th (added to a cardinal number to form a fraction)"
],
"id": "en--ed-hu-suffix-hu:fraction",
"links": [
[
"-th",
"-th"
],
[
"cardinal number",
"cardinal number#English"
],
[
"fraction",
"fraction#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "fraction-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(fraction-forming suffix) -th (added to a cardinal number to form a fraction)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:fraction"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 10 39 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "szenved (“to suffer”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a stem to form a verb to indicate repetitive action. No longer productive."
],
"id": "en--ed-hu-suffix-hu:verb",
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "frequentative verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(frequentative verb-forming suffix) Added to a stem to form a verb to indicate repetitive action. No longer productive."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛd]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-ée"
},
"expansion": "French -ée",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ata"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ata",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "-ada"
},
"expansion": "Spanish -ada",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "la",
"3": "-atus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -atus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -ée, Italian -ata, Spanish -ada, ultimately from Latin -atus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 6 5 4 1 1 2 2 11 9 0 6 5 1 3 2 3 1 8 2 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 5 5 4 1 1 2 2 8 6 0 6 5 6 6 7 3 1 8 1 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "manuo (“hand”) + -ed → manuedo (“handful”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contents of, -ful."
],
"id": "en--ed-io-suffix-kcPVA4d8",
"links": [
[
"contents",
"contents"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"-ful",
"-ful"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ang>-od>past participle",
"id": "past participle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the past participle of weak verbs."
],
"id": "en--ed-enm-suffix--D0nCCaX",
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"Appendix:Glossary#past_participle"
],
[
"weak verbs",
"weak verb#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-et"
},
{
"word": "-it"
},
{
"word": "-t"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"id": "state"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-hede"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -hede"
],
"id": "en--ed-enm-suffix-RsQD9P0x",
"links": [
[
"-hede",
"-hede#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "æppel (“apple”) + -ed → æppled (“apple-shaped”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"formed into the likeness of, made into, shaped like, having the qualities of"
],
"id": "en--ed-ang-suffix-43VKRkbe",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "fremman (“to perform”) + -ed → fremed (“performed”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the past participle of class I weak verbs"
],
"id": "en--ed-ang-suffix-ThqAcX-u",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ed/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slender form of -ad"
],
"id": "en--ed-sga-suffix-SIpUBLfr",
"links": [
[
"-ad",
"-ad#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eð/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēte",
"pos": "second-person plural present active imperative ending of second conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of second conjugation verbs)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ēte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of second conjugation verbs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“Eat!”",
"text": "comer (“to eat”) + -ed → ¡Comed!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -er verbs"
],
"id": "en--ed-es-suffix-tp5mQr-l",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-ed c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "-ed c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 5 5 4 1 1 2 2 8 6 0 6 5 6 6 7 3 1 8 1 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"path between or along water"
],
"id": "en--ed-sv-suffix-zK3ge60k",
"links": [
[
"path",
"path"
],
[
"between",
"between"
],
[
"along",
"along"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"qualifier": "place-names",
"raw_glosses": [
"(place-names) path between or along water"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "isthmus",
"word": "ed"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-eda"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*-hed"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-hed",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-isetos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-isetos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *-hed, from Proto-Celtic *-isetos.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 31 3 32 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gwan (“weak”) + -ed → gwanned (“as weak”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rhad (“cheap”) + -ed → rhated (“as cheap”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cynt (“faster, earlier, sooner”) + -ed → cynted (“as fast, as early, as soon”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms an equative of an adjective of one or two syllables."
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-hKeWe8XI",
"links": [
[
"equative",
"equative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reduced form of -fed. Cognate with Cornish -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pump (“five”) + -ed → pumed (“fifth”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "chwech (“six”) + -ed → chweched (“sixth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the ordinal forms of five and six."
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-HV9Fmtvf",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-fed"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tis or Proto-Indo-European *-tus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 5 5 5 4 1 1 2 2 8 6 0 6 5 6 6 7 3 1 8 1 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 6 4 0 0 2 2 6 7 0 7 6 5 4 5 4 1 9 1 9 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 31 3 32 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "cerdd- (“to walk”, stem) + -ed → cerdded (“to walk”, verbal noun)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "clyw- (“to hear”, stem) + -ed → clywed (“to hear”, verbal noun)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns."
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-rf8JUSnU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Cornish -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "colli (“to lose”) + -ed → colled (“loss”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sych (“dry”) + -ed → syched (“thirst”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cymuno (“to take communion, to communicate”) + -ed → cymuned (“community”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns."
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-KEPpkW6~",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 5 5 5 4 1 1 2 2 8 6 0 6 5 6 6 7 3 1 8 1 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 6 4 0 0 2 2 6 7 0 7 6 5 4 5 4 1 9 1 9 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 31 3 32 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pryf (“bug, insect”) + -ed → pryfed (“bugs, insects”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "merch (“girl”) + -ed → merched (“girls”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plural nouns."
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-oEMsOn~n",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iadau"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-od"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ai̯d/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-ICnFPEem",
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"imperative",
"imperative#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"etymology_number": 7,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en--ed-cy-suffix-ICnFPEem1",
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"imperative",
"imperative#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-pwyd"
},
{
"word": "-wyd"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate to Cornish -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "plural suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"Breton lemmas",
"Breton plural suffixes",
"Breton suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kazhez (“female cat”) + -ed → kazhezed (“female cats”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix denoting plural of certain nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjective-forming suffixes",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English inflectional suffixes",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Dzongkha translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb-past-tense"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
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"expansion": "Middle English -ede",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "",
"4": "-ode"
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"expansion": "Old English -ode",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōd-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-ede",
"pos": "first person singular past indicative ending",
"t": "-ed"
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"expansion": "Saterland Frisian -ede (“-ed”, first person singular past indicative ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "-de",
"pos": "first and third person singular past indicative ending",
"t": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "German Low German -de (“-ed”, first and third person singular past indicative ending)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ade",
"t": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -ade (“-ed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-aði",
"t": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic -aði (“-ed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ede, -eden, from Old English -ode, -odon (class 2 weak past ending), from Proto-Germanic *-ōd-, *-ōdēdun. Cognate with Saterland Frisian -ede (“-ed”, first person singular past indicative ending), German Low German -de (“-ed”, first and third person singular past indicative ending), Swedish -ade (“-ed”), Icelandic -aði (“-ed”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
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{
"args": {
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
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"expansion": "-ed",
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],
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{
"categories": [
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"text": "point + -ed → pointed",
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{
"text": "He pointed at the dog.",
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"past tense",
"past tense#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
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[
"-t",
"-t#English"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "d"
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{
"ipa": "/d/"
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{
"enpr": "t"
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{
"ipa": "/t/"
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{
"enpr": "ĭd",
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"UK"
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},
{
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"UK"
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{
"enpr": "ĭd",
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"US"
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{
"ipa": "/ɪd/",
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"US"
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},
{
"enpr": "əd",
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"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/"
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{
"ipa": "/dəd/"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"after -e"
],
"tags": [
"standard"
],
"word": "-d"
},
{
"topics": [
"poetry",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
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"word": "-'d"
},
{
"topics": [
"poetry",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "-èd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "ci",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ཅི"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-t"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-tt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ott"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ett"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ött"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-ta",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-た"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "-at",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "았"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"note": "for most transitive verbs",
"roman": "for most intransitive verbs and a few transitive verbs",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-d -î"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"note": "for some basic verbs",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"word": "-t"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-et"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-dd"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-tt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-tø"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-øt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-øyt"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-dd"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-tt"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-aut"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-de",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـده"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-d",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـد"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-te",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـته"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-t",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "ـت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ł"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-l",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-л"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-la",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ла"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-lo",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ло"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-li",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "-ли"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-ado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "-t"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-v",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-в"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-la",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ла"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-lo",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ло"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-ly",
"sense": "past tense",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "-ли"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "past tense",
"word": "đã"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjective-forming suffixes",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English inflectional suffixes",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
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{
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"2": "inh",
"3": "enm>-ed>past participle",
"id": "past participle"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
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"expansion": "Middle English -ed",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "",
"4": "-od",
"pos": "class 2 weak past participle"
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"expansion": "Old English -od (class 2 weak past participle)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōdaz"
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian -ed",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ed, from Old English -od (class 2 weak past participle), from Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz. Cognate with Saterland Frisian -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "en-suffix"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
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"categories": [
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{
"text": "point + -ed → pointed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He has pointed at the dog.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form past participles of (regular) verbs. See -en and -t for variants."
],
"links": [
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"past participle#English"
],
[
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"verb#English"
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[
"-en",
"-en#English"
],
[
"-t",
"-t#English"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "d"
},
{
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},
{
"enpr": "t"
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{
"ipa": "/t/"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭd",
"tags": [
"UK"
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},
{
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"tags": [
"UK"
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{
"enpr": "ĭd",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ɪd/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dəd/"
}
],
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{
"raw_tags": [
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],
"tags": [
"standard"
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"word": "-d"
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{
"topics": [
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"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
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"word": "-'d"
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{
"topics": [
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"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "-èd"
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],
"word": "-ed"
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "-ed"
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"expansion": "Middle English -ed",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-od",
"4": "",
"pos": "adjective suffix"
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"expansion": "Old English -od (adjective suffix)",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōdaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "*-eh₂tos"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ātus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ātus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doublet"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ed, from Old English -od (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos. While identical in appearance to the past participle of class 2 weak verbs, this suffix was attached directly to nouns without any intervening verb. Cognate with Latin -ātus (whence also a doublet -ate).",
"head_templates": [
{
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"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
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"name": "head"
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{
"args": {
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"related": [
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{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-less"
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "point + -ed → pointed",
"type": "example"
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{
"text": "horn + -ed → horned",
"type": "example"
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{
"text": "hoof + -ed → hooved",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form possessional adjectives from nouns, in the sense of having the object represented by the noun."
],
"links": [
[
"possessional adjective",
"possessional adjective#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
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],
"senseid": [
"en:having"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant wikilinks"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "red + hair + -ed → red-haired",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "left + hand + -ed → left-handed",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "two + prong(s) + -ed → two-pronged",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As an extension of the above, used to form possessional adjectives from adjective-noun pairs."
],
"senseid": [
"en:having-compound"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"enpr": "d"
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{
"ipa": "/d/"
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{
"enpr": "t"
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{
"ipa": "/t/"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭd",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪd/",
"tags": [
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]
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},
{
"enpr": "ĭd",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əd",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dəd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"after -e"
],
"tags": [
"standard"
],
"word": "-d"
},
{
"topics": [
"poetry",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "-'d"
},
{
"topics": [
"poetry",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "-èd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ge- -d"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-kas"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-os"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-as"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ös"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kimi",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "気味"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-dar"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "-dâr",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "ـدار"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object",
"word": "-ad"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"note": "ge- + -d",
"raw_tags": [
"as a past participle"
],
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"tags": [
"also"
]
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-nen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ú"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ű"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-jú"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-jű"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kimi",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "気味"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "ber-"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-y"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ny"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an object of a particular quality",
"word": "-ad"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies",
"Hungarian terms with multiple morpheme etymologies",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛd/1 syllable"
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"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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"expansion": "-e- (linking vowel) + -d (possessive suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -e- (linking vowel) + -d (possessive suffix).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kert (“garden”) + -ed → kerted (“your (singular, informal) garden”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Will you entrust me with the care of your garden?",
"text": "Megbízol engem a kerted gondozásával?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"your (second-person singular, single possession)"
],
"links": [
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possessive suffix) your (second-person singular, single possession)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:possessive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"possessive",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛd]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies",
"Hungarian terms with multiple morpheme etymologies",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛd",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛd/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "-e-",
"3": "-d",
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"pos2": "personal suffix"
},
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"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -e- (linking vowel) + -d (personal suffix).",
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{
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"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "fest (“to paint”) + -ed → fested (“you paint [him/her/it], you are painting [him/her/it]”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "When do you paint the fence?",
"text": "Mikor fested a kerítést?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the definite second-person singular indicative present of verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"definite",
"Appendix:Glossary#definite"
],
[
"second-person",
"Appendix:Glossary#second person"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal suffix) Forms the definite second-person singular indicative present of verbs."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:personal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛd]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
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"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies",
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"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛd",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛd/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
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"3": "-d",
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"pos1": "linking vowel",
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},
"expansion": "-e- (linking vowel) + -d (fraction-forming and verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -e- (linking vowel) + -d (fraction-forming and verb-forming suffix).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ezer (“thousand”) + -ed → ezred (“thousandth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-th (added to a cardinal number to form a fraction)"
],
"links": [
[
"-th",
"-th"
],
[
"cardinal number",
"cardinal number#English"
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[
"fraction",
"fraction#English"
]
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"raw_glosses": [
"(fraction-forming suffix) -th (added to a cardinal number to form a fraction)"
],
"senseid": [
"hu:fraction"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "szenved (“to suffer”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a stem to form a verb to indicate repetitive action. No longer productive."
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "frequentative verb-forming suffix",
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"(frequentative verb-forming suffix) Added to a stem to form a verb to indicate repetitive action. No longer productive."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛd]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛd"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-ée"
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"expansion": "French -ée",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ata"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ata",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "-ada"
},
"expansion": "Spanish -ada",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "la",
"3": "-atus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -atus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -ée, Italian -ata, Spanish -ada, ultimately from Latin -atus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
"Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido lemmas",
"Ido suffixes",
"Ido terms derived from French",
"Ido terms derived from Italian",
"Ido terms derived from Latin",
"Ido terms derived from Spanish",
"Ido terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "manuo (“hand”) + -ed → manuedo (“handful”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contents of, -ful."
],
"links": [
[
"contents",
"contents"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"-ful",
"-ful"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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}
],
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{
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],
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"pos": "suffix",
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{
"glosses": [
"Forms the past participle of weak verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"Appendix:Glossary#past_participle"
],
[
"weak verbs",
"weak verb#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-et"
},
{
"word": "-it"
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{
"word": "-t"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"id": "state"
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],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-hede"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"-hede",
"-hede#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
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}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
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],
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"head2": "",
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{
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],
"lang": "Old English",
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "æppel (“apple”) + -ed → æppled (“apple-shaped”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"formed into the likeness of, made into, shaped like, having the qualities of"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "fremman (“to perform”) + -ed → fremed (“performed”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the past participle of class I weak verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ed/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
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],
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{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
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[
"-ad",
"-ad#Old_Irish"
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],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eð/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
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{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
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"expansion": "Latin -ēte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of second conjugation verbs)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ēte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of second conjugation verbs).",
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"Spanish terms inherited from Latin"
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{
"english": "“Eat!”",
"text": "comer (“to eat”) + -ed → ¡Comed!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -er verbs"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
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{
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],
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"english": "isthmus",
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"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns"
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"glosses": [
"path between or along water"
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[
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"path"
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[
"between",
"between"
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[
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"along"
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[
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"water"
]
],
"qualifier": "place-names",
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"(place-names) path between or along water"
],
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{
"word": "-eda"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"morpheme"
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}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
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"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-isetos"
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"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-isetos",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *-hed, from Proto-Celtic *-isetos.",
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"2": "suffix"
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],
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{
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{
"text": "gwan (“weak”) + -ed → gwanned (“as weak”)",
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},
{
"text": "rhad (“cheap”) + -ed → rhated (“as cheap”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cynt (“faster, earlier, sooner”) + -ed → cynted (“as fast, as early, as soon”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms an equative of an adjective of one or two syllables."
],
"links": [
[
"equative",
"equative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reduced form of -fed. Cognate with Cornish -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pump (“five”) + -ed → pumed (“fifth”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "chwech (“six”) + -ed → chweched (“sixth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the ordinal forms of five and six."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-fed"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tis or Proto-Indo-European *-tus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "cerdd- (“to walk”, stem) + -ed → cerdded (“to walk”, verbal noun)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "clyw- (“to hear”, stem) + -ed → clywed (“to hear”, verbal noun)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form verbal nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -es",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Cornish -es.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "colli (“to lose”) + -ed → colled (“loss”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sych (“dry”) + -ed → syched (“thirst”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cymuno (“to take communion, to communicate”) + -ed → cymuned (“community”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pryf (“bug, insect”) + -ed → pryfed (“bugs, insects”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "merch (“girl”) + -ed → merched (“girls”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plural nouns."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-en"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iadau"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-od"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ad/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ai̯d/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"imperative",
"imperative#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 7,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
],
[
"imperative",
"imperative#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) verb suffix for the third-person singular imperative"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-pwyd"
},
{
"word": "-wyd"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛd/"
}
],
"word": "-ed"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ed meaning in All languages combined (39.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.