See -en in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -en meaning in Welsh (5.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh -en",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh -en",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*-enn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-enn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -en",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "-enn"
},
"expansion": "Breton -enn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh -en, from Old Welsh -en, from Proto-Brythonic *-enn. Cognate with Cornish -en, Breton -enn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-yn",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "masculine",
"4": "-yn",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-en f (masculine -yn)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "llygod (“mice”) + -en → llygoden (“mouse”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sêr (“stars”) + -en → seren (“star”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "coed (“trees, wood”) + -en → coeden (“tree”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the singulative of certain words."
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-JB4pOyfo",
"links": [
[
"singulative",
"singulative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "llysywen (“eel”)"
},
{
"text": "matsien (“match”)"
},
{
"text": "taten (“potato”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form certain singular words."
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-hEzYYr4w",
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pêl (“ball”) + -en → pelen (“little ball, pellet”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "lloer (“moon”) + -en → lloeren (“satellite”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gwraig (“woman, wife”) + -en → gwreigen (“little woman, little wife”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive suffix"
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-lI9aKYWq",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "coch (“red”) + -en → cochen (“(female) redhead”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "clebr (“gossip, chatter”) + -en → clebren (“(female) gossip”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gwlith (“dew”) + -en → gwlithen (“slug”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female or feminine person or creature"
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-GmN9cT-l",
"links": [
[
"female",
"female"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "cwyr (“wax”) + -en → cwyren (“cake or tablet of wax”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "calch (“lime, chalk”) + -en → calchen (“limestone”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "awyr (“sky”) + -en → awyren (“aeroplane”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "crwm (“curved”) + -en → cromen (“dome”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix indicating an object, item, thing"
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-aJB15KVT",
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"item",
"item#English"
],
[
"thing",
"thing#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 7 9 2 12 36 23 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ych (“ox”) + -en → ychen (“oxen”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plural nouns."
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-oEMsOn~n",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iadau"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-od"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ai̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the first-person plural conditional"
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-hysig4gJ",
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"conditional",
"conditional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) verb suffix for the first-person plural conditional"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the third-person plural conditional"
],
"id": "en--en-cy-suffix-w8TxQbDB",
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"conditional",
"conditional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) verb suffix for the third-person plural conditional"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-sen"
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine suffixes",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh -en",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh -en",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*-enn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-enn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Cornish -en",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "-enn"
},
"expansion": "Breton -enn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh -en, from Old Welsh -en, from Proto-Brythonic *-enn. Cognate with Cornish -en, Breton -enn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-yn",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "masculine",
"4": "-yn",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-en f (masculine -yn)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "llygod (“mice”) + -en → llygoden (“mouse”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sêr (“stars”) + -en → seren (“star”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "coed (“trees, wood”) + -en → coeden (“tree”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the singulative of certain words."
],
"links": [
[
"singulative",
"singulative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "llysywen (“eel”)"
},
{
"text": "matsien (“match”)"
},
{
"text": "taten (“potato”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form certain singular words."
],
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pêl (“ball”) + -en → pelen (“little ball, pellet”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "lloer (“moon”) + -en → lloeren (“satellite”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gwraig (“woman, wife”) + -en → gwreigen (“little woman, little wife”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive suffix"
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "coch (“red”) + -en → cochen (“(female) redhead”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "clebr (“gossip, chatter”) + -en → clebren (“(female) gossip”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gwlith (“dew”) + -en → gwlithen (“slug”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female or feminine person or creature"
],
"links": [
[
"female",
"female"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "cwyr (“wax”) + -en → cwyren (“cake or tablet of wax”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "calch (“lime, chalk”) + -en → calchen (“limestone”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "awyr (“sky”) + -en → awyren (“aeroplane”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "crwm (“curved”) + -en → cromen (“dome”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix indicating an object, item, thing"
],
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"item",
"item#English"
],
[
"thing",
"thing#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ych (“ox”) + -en → ychen (“oxen”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form plural nouns."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-aid"
},
{
"word": "-aint"
},
{
"word": "-au"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-edd"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-iadau"
},
{
"word": "-iaid"
},
{
"word": "-iau"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
},
{
"word": "-od"
},
{
"word": "-oedd"
},
{
"word": "-on"
},
{
"word": "-ydd"
},
{
"word": "-yr"
},
{
"word": "-ys"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ai̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-en",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the first-person plural conditional"
],
"links": [
[
"first-person",
"first person#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"conditional",
"conditional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) verb suffix for the first-person plural conditional"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"verb suffix for the third-person plural conditional"
],
"links": [
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"conditional",
"conditional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) verb suffix for the third-person plural conditional"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-sen"
}
],
"word": "-en"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.