See bully in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "American bully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antibully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bulliness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bully-boy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullycide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullydom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullyee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullyish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullyism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullylike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullyman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bully-off"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullyproof"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bullysome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bully stick"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bully tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bully XL"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crybully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cyberbully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flat-track bully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonbully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "XL bully"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "bully (countable and uncountable, plural bullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A playground bully pushed a girl off the swing.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I noticed you being a bully towards people with disabilities.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-Ef~49hZ4",
"links": [
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "boelie"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mustaʔsid",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُسْتَأْسِد"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutanammir",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُتَنَمِّر"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xuligan",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "խուլիգան"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "jazarlea"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "huligán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хулига́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pobójnik",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "побо́йник"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "assetjador"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tǔbà",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "土霸"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bàotú",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "暴徒"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surovec"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "násilník"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "bølle"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "tyran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "wreedaard"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pestkop"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "treiteraar"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "tirano"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "türann"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kiusaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "riiukukk"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kiusaaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brimeur"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brute"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bragoleán"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bravoeiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cacheteiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rifón"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matón m tasqueirón"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarapuxeiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moʒalade",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "მოძალადე"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rabauke"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bully"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tyrann"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schikaneur"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "slahals",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ntaḯs",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νταής"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "biryón",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בִּרְיוֹן"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "krūr",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "क्रूर"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dabaṅg",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दबंग"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usbāj",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "धौंसबाज"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usiyā",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "धौँसिया"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hrekkjusvín"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "puruli"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ansmachtaí"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bulaí"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bullo"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spaccone"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smargiasso"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prepotente"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrogante"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"alt": "いじめ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ijime",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "苛め"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"alt": "いじめっこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ijimekko",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "苛めっ子"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "nĕək thvəə baap",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "អ្នកធ្វើបាប"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "goerophineun saram",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "괴롭히는 사람"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkangpae",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "깡패"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grassātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "silédžija",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "силе́џија"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "násilnik",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "на́силник"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kaiwhakawetiweti"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kaiwhakaweti"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "deerelxex",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "дээрэлхэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruta"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bølle"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "łobuz"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rufia"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rufião"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valentão"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tiran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadíra",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зади́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabijáka",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "забия́ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gromíla",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "громи́ла"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xuligán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хулига́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tirán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тира́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maoidhear"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burraidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulaidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bravucón"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abusón"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "matón"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abusador"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peleón"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pendenciero"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "perdonavidas"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matasiete"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "buleador"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mobbare"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kon-paan",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "คนพาล"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "zorba"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xulihán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хуліга́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zabijáka",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "забія́ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 16 5 2 1 5 0 1 3 5 5 5 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "đầu gấu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
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{
"ref": "1840 September 22, Lord Palmerston, The Life of Henry John Temple, Viscount of Palmerston, 3rd edition, volume 2, published 1871, page 327:",
"text": "Besides, bullies seldom execute the threats they deal in; and men of trick and cunning are not always men of desperate resolves.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A noisy, blustering, tyrannical person, more insolent than courageous; one who is threatening and quarrelsome."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-trrVWToT",
"links": [
[
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"insolent"
],
[
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"quarrelsome"
]
],
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
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"kind": "topical",
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"Fundamental"
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}
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{
"ref": "1849, John McLean, Notes of a Twenty-Five Years' Service in the Hudson's Bay Territory, pages 42–3:",
"text": "Mr. Fisher returned from town... he had learnt that our opponents intended to shift the scene of operations to the Chats... We understood that they had hired two bullies for the purpose of deciding the matter par voie de fait. Mr Fisher hired two of the same description, who were supposed to be more than a match for the opposition party.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hired thug."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-NWUxHvpI",
"links": [
[
"hired",
"hired"
],
[
"thug",
"thug"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "henchman"
},
{
"word": "thug"
}
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
],
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{
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"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glavoréz",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главоре́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 1 8 2 4 2 2 2 1 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"word": "palkattu pahoinpitelijä"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 1 8 2 4 2 2 2 1 4 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grassātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 1 8 2 4 2 2 2 1 4 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sílnik",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "си́лник"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 1 8 2 4 2 2 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "golovoréz",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "головоре́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 1 8 2 4 2 2 2 1 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matón"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 1 8 2 4 2 2 2 1 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sicario"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 1 7 7 12 12 0 11 4 1 7 11 11 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "2009, Dan Cruikshank, Secret History of Georgian London, Random House, page 473:",
"text": "The Proclamation Society and the Society for the Suppression of Vice were more concerned with obscene literature […] than with hands-on street battles with prostitutes and their bullies […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sex worker's minder."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-k6xxX9nl",
"links": [
[
"sex worker",
"sex worker"
],
[
"minder",
"minder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pimp"
},
{
"word": "pimp"
}
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
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],
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{
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{
"ref": "c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "What sayest thou, Bully Bottom?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brisk, dashing fellow."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-~EgSWSde",
"links": [
[
"brisk",
"brisk"
],
[
"dashing",
"dashing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A brisk, dashing fellow."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The small scrum in the Eton College field game."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-X7P9SANM",
"links": [
[
"scrum",
"scrum"
],
[
"field game",
"field game"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 1 1 1 1 4 1 23 1 13 31 4 1 0 8 1 0 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gobies",
"orig": "en:Gobies",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small freshwater or brackishwater fish of the family Eleotridae; sleeper gobies."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-0CxJ3Pzh",
"links": [
[
"freshwater",
"freshwater"
],
[
"brackishwater",
"brackishwater"
],
[
"Eleotridae",
"Eleotridae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 1 3 1 8 74 1 3 1 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a small freshwater fish",
"word": "hawai"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 1 3 1 8 74 1 3 1 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a small freshwater fish",
"word": "tītarakura"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824, Robert Gilchrist, “The Skipper's Erudition”, in A Collection of Original Local Songs, page 11:",
"text": "Frae Team Gut to Whitley, we' coals black an' brown\nFor the Amphitrite loaded, the keel had come down—\nBut the bullies ower neet had their gobs se oft wet,\nThat the nyem o' the ship yen an' a' did forget.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An (eldest) brother; a fellow workman; comrade"
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-4hzbMhZn",
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
],
[
"fellow",
"fellow"
],
[
"workman",
"workman"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal, Ireland and Northern England) An (eldest) brother; a fellow workman; comrade"
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 1 7 7 12 12 0 11 4 1 7 11 11 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A companion; mate (male or female)."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-LwTtIKrV",
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"mate",
"mate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A companion; mate (male or female)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "friend"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 1 7 7 12 12 0 11 4 1 7 11 11 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "I kiss his dirty shoe, and from heart-string / I love the lovely bully. What is thy name?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Samuel Richardson, “Letter 15”, in The History of Sir Charles Grandison:",
"text": "I have promised to be with the sweet bully early in the morning of her important day.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848, William Carleton, Fardorougha the Miser, page 16:",
"text": "What! manim-an—kiss your child, man alive. That I may never, but he looks at the darlin’ as if it was a sod of turf! Throth you’re not worthy of havin’ such a bully.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A darling, sweetheart (male or female)."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-7l2WnMGZ",
"links": [
[
"darling",
"darling"
],
[
"sweetheart",
"sweetheart"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A darling, sweetheart (male or female)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sweetheart"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Field hockey",
"orig": "en:Field hockey",
"parents": [
"Hockey",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A standoff between two players from the opposing teams, who repeatedly hit each other's hockey sticks and then attempt to acquire the ball, as a method of resuming the game in certain circumstances."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-mOxDdhaf",
"links": [
[
"field hockey",
"field hockey"
],
[
"standoff",
"standoff"
],
[
"hockey stick",
"hockey stick"
]
],
"qualifier": "field hockey",
"raw_glosses": [
"(field hockey) A standoff between two players from the opposing teams, who repeatedly hit each other's hockey sticks and then attempt to acquire the ball, as a method of resuming the game in certain circumstances."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bully-off"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A miner's hammer."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-noun-JIaR9hZN",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) A miner's hammer."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bulliable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bullyable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "outbully"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bullies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bullying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bullied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bullied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bully (third-person singular simple present bullies, present participle bullying, simple past and past participle bullied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You shouldn't bully people for being weak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 218:",
"text": "Bradly's stomach kinked in on itself, thinking of Cora struck silly with that corpse on her hands and the copper bullying the truth out of her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 August 26, Brad Lendon, “'Xi Jinping doesn't scare me': US Sen. Marsha Blackburn lands in Taiwan, vows not to be bullied by China”, in CNN, archived from the original on 2022-08-26:",
"text": "United States Sen. Marsha Blackburn on Thursday became the latest member of Congress to visit Taiwan defying pressure from Beijing, saying, \"I will not be bullied by Communist China into turning my back on the island.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To intimidate (someone) as a bully."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-verb-uVV38Yqo",
"links": [
[
"intimidate",
"intimidate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To intimidate (someone) as a bully."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "intimidate"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaplašvam",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "заплашвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ganenulia",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ᎦᏁᏄᎵᎠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "蝦"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "haa¹",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "虾"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "欺負"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīfu",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "欺负"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīwǔ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "欺侮"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǔmàn",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "侮慢"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "šikanovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zastrašovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "herse med"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "mobbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "pesten"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "treiteren"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "jennen"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ĉikani"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "kiusama"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "kiusata"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimider"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "einschüchtern"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "schikanieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "kujonieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ñembosarái"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dabaṅgī",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "दबंगी"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usnā",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "धौंसना"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usnā",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "धौँसना"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usbājī",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "धौंसबाजी"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "megfélemlít"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "leggja í einelti"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ansmachtaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"alt": "いじめる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ijimeru",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "苛める"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "goerophida",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "괴롭히다"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zaplášuva",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "запла́шува"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zastrášuva",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "застра́шува"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "hawene"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "whakaweti"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "whakawetiweti"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "whakahakahaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "mobbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "znęcać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "bulir"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "oprimir"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimida"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapúgivatʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запу́гивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapugátʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запуга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "straščátʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "страща́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zastraščátʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "застраща́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "maoidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "chulear"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "acosar"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "hacer bullying"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "matonear"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "bulear"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "mobba"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "khmheng rạngkæ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ข่มเหงรังแก"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xulihan",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "хуліган"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 12",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "bắt nạt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 January 15, Sam Sheringham, “Chelsea 2 -03 Blackburn Rovers”, in BBC:",
"text": "The Potters know their strengths and played to them perfectly here, out-muscling Bolton in midfield and bullying the visitors' back-line at every opportunity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To act aggressively towards."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-verb-gbWFxvi3",
"links": [
[
"aggressively",
"aggressively"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To act aggressively towards."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "push around"
},
{
"word": "ride roughshod over"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tiraniziram",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тиранизирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "欺負"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīfù",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "欺负"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "týrat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "šikanovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tyrannisere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "ĉikani"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "terroriseerima"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "türanniseerima"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "kiusata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tourmenter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "terroriser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "maltraiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tyranniser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "harceler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tyrannisieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "drangsalieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "kujonieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "maltretíra",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "малтрети́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tiranizíra",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тиранизи́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "terorizíra",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тероризи́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "whakahakahaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "atormentar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "aterrorizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "maltratar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tiranizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "oprimir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tiranizírovatʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тиранизи́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadirátʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "задира́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadrátʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "задра́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "terrorizírovatʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "терроризи́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "maoidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tiranizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "acosar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "zorbalık etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "bắt nạt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bully boy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bully pulpit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bullier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "bully (comparative bullier, superlative bulliest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a bully horse",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1861, Daniel Bryant, Bryant's Songs from Dixie's Land, page 19:",
"text": "To sing a bully song I'll try, / Bully for you, bully for you, / Gay as they make them, here I am, / Bully for you, for you.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916, The Independent, volumes 35-36, page 6:",
"text": "She is a bully woman, not only a good mother, but a wonderful in-law",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Very good."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-adj--ZC-Yomw",
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang, dated) Very good."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "excellent"
},
{
"word": "excellent"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dated",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pǎrvoklasen",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "първокласен"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "skvělý"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "prvotřídní"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "fin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "udmærket"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "génial"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "top"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ódličen",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "о́дличен"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "valente"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 1 7 7 12 12 0 11 4 1 7 11 11 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 2 10 11 9 9 3 7 4 2 5 8 7 3 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, William Shakespeare, The Merry Wives of Windsor, act II, scene iii:",
"text": "Bless thee, bully doctor!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jovial and blustering."
],
"id": "en-bully-en-adj-2Zy1-9dv",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, obsolete) Jovial and blustering."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dashing"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "en-interj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Bully, she's finally asked for that promotion!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Jerome Alden, Bully: An Adventure with Teddy Roosevelt, →OCLC, page 3:",
"text": "Bully! Bully! Finis coronet opus, “the end crowns all”; “may the last be the best!” By Godfrey it was delightful.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Well done!"
],
"id": "en-bully-en-intj-RiFkoGRe",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for#English"
],
[
"Well done",
"well done"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often followed by for) Well done!"
],
"raw_tags": [
"followed by for"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "well done"
}
],
"tags": [
"often"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "fint"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "udmærket"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "brave"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "bravo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brávo",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "бра́во"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "bravo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "bravo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Gobies",
"en:People",
"en:Personality",
"en:Prostitution"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "American bully"
},
{
"word": "antibully"
},
{
"word": "bulliness"
},
{
"word": "bully-boy"
},
{
"word": "bullycide"
},
{
"word": "bullydom"
},
{
"word": "bullyee"
},
{
"word": "bullyish"
},
{
"word": "bullyism"
},
{
"word": "bullylike"
},
{
"word": "bullyman"
},
{
"word": "bully-off"
},
{
"word": "bullyproof"
},
{
"word": "bullysome"
},
{
"word": "bully stick"
},
{
"word": "bully tree"
},
{
"word": "bully XL"
},
{
"word": "crybully"
},
{
"word": "cyberbully"
},
{
"word": "flat-track bully"
},
{
"word": "nonbully"
},
{
"word": "XL bully"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bullies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "bully (countable and uncountable, plural bullies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A playground bully pushed a girl off the swing.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I noticed you being a bully towards people with disabilities.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege."
],
"links": [
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1840 September 22, Lord Palmerston, The Life of Henry John Temple, Viscount of Palmerston, 3rd edition, volume 2, published 1871, page 327:",
"text": "Besides, bullies seldom execute the threats they deal in; and men of trick and cunning are not always men of desperate resolves.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A noisy, blustering, tyrannical person, more insolent than courageous; one who is threatening and quarrelsome."
],
"links": [
[
"insolent",
"insolent"
],
[
"quarrelsome",
"quarrelsome"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1849, John McLean, Notes of a Twenty-Five Years' Service in the Hudson's Bay Territory, pages 42–3:",
"text": "Mr. Fisher returned from town... he had learnt that our opponents intended to shift the scene of operations to the Chats... We understood that they had hired two bullies for the purpose of deciding the matter par voie de fait. Mr Fisher hired two of the same description, who were supposed to be more than a match for the opposition party.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hired thug."
],
"links": [
[
"hired",
"hired"
],
[
"thug",
"thug"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "henchman"
},
{
"word": "thug"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Dan Cruikshank, Secret History of Georgian London, Random House, page 473:",
"text": "The Proclamation Society and the Society for the Suppression of Vice were more concerned with obscene literature […] than with hands-on street battles with prostitutes and their bullies […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sex worker's minder."
],
"links": [
[
"sex worker",
"sex worker"
],
[
"minder",
"minder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pimp"
},
{
"word": "pimp"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Bully beef."
],
"links": [
[
"Bully beef",
"bully beef"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Bully beef."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "What sayest thou, Bully Bottom?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brisk, dashing fellow."
],
"links": [
[
"brisk",
"brisk"
],
[
"dashing",
"dashing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A brisk, dashing fellow."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The small scrum in the Eton College field game."
],
"links": [
[
"scrum",
"scrum"
],
[
"field game",
"field game"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small freshwater or brackishwater fish of the family Eleotridae; sleeper gobies."
],
"links": [
[
"freshwater",
"freshwater"
],
[
"brackishwater",
"brackishwater"
],
[
"Eleotridae",
"Eleotridae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Irish English",
"Northern England English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1824, Robert Gilchrist, “The Skipper's Erudition”, in A Collection of Original Local Songs, page 11:",
"text": "Frae Team Gut to Whitley, we' coals black an' brown\nFor the Amphitrite loaded, the keel had come down—\nBut the bullies ower neet had their gobs se oft wet,\nThat the nyem o' the ship yen an' a' did forget.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An (eldest) brother; a fellow workman; comrade"
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
],
[
"fellow",
"fellow"
],
[
"workman",
"workman"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal, Ireland and Northern England) An (eldest) brother; a fellow workman; comrade"
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"Northern-England",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A companion; mate (male or female)."
],
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"mate",
"mate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A companion; mate (male or female)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "friend"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "I kiss his dirty shoe, and from heart-string / I love the lovely bully. What is thy name?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Samuel Richardson, “Letter 15”, in The History of Sir Charles Grandison:",
"text": "I have promised to be with the sweet bully early in the morning of her important day.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848, William Carleton, Fardorougha the Miser, page 16:",
"text": "What! manim-an—kiss your child, man alive. That I may never, but he looks at the darlin’ as if it was a sod of turf! Throth you’re not worthy of havin’ such a bully.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A darling, sweetheart (male or female)."
],
"links": [
[
"darling",
"darling"
],
[
"sweetheart",
"sweetheart"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A darling, sweetheart (male or female)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sweetheart"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Field hockey"
],
"glosses": [
"A standoff between two players from the opposing teams, who repeatedly hit each other's hockey sticks and then attempt to acquire the ball, as a method of resuming the game in certain circumstances."
],
"links": [
[
"field hockey",
"field hockey"
],
[
"standoff",
"standoff"
],
[
"hockey stick",
"hockey stick"
]
],
"qualifier": "field hockey",
"raw_glosses": [
"(field hockey) A standoff between two players from the opposing teams, who repeatedly hit each other's hockey sticks and then attempt to acquire the ball, as a method of resuming the game in certain circumstances."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bully-off"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"A miner's hammer."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) A miner's hammer."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "boelie"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mustaʔsid",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُسْتَأْسِد"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutanammir",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُتَنَمِّر"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xuligan",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "խուլիգան"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "jazarlea"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "huligán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хулига́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pobójnik",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "побо́йник"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "assetjador"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tǔbà",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "土霸"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bàotú",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "暴徒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surovec"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "násilník"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyran"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "bølle"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "tyran"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "wreedaard"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pestkop"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "treiteraar"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "tirano"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "türann"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kiusaja"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "riiukukk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kiusaaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brimeur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brute"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyran"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bragoleán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bravoeiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cacheteiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rifón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matón m tasqueirón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarapuxeiro"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moʒalade",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "მოძალადე"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rabauke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bully"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tyrann"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schikaneur"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "slahals",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ntaḯs",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νταής"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "biryón",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בִּרְיוֹן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "krūr",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "क्रूर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dabaṅg",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दबंग"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usbāj",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "धौंसबाज"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usiyā",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "धौँसिया"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hrekkjusvín"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "puruli"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ansmachtaí"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bulaí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bullo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spaccone"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smargiasso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prepotente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrogante"
},
{
"alt": "いじめ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ijime",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "苛め"
},
{
"alt": "いじめっこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ijimekko",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "苛めっ子"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "nĕək thvəə baap",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "អ្នកធ្វើបាប"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "goerophineun saram",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "괴롭히는 사람"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkangpae",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "깡패"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grassātor"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "silédžija",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "силе́џија"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "násilnik",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "на́силник"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kaiwhakawetiweti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "kaiwhakaweti"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "deerelxex",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "дээрэлхэх"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruta"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bølle"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "łobuz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rufia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rufião"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valentão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tiran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadíra",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зади́ра"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabijáka",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "забия́ка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gromíla",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "громи́ла"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xuligán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хулига́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tirán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тира́н"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "maoidhear"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burraidh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulaidh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bravucón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abusón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "matón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abusador"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peleón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pendenciero"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "perdonavidas"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matasiete"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "buleador"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mobbare"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kon-paan",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "คนพาล"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "zorba"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xulihán",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хуліга́н"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zabijáka",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "забія́ка"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "a person who is intentionally cruel to others",
"word": "đầu gấu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glavoréz",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главоре́з"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"word": "palkattu pahoinpitelijä"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grassātor"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sílnik",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "си́лник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "golovoréz",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "головоре́з"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a hired thug",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sicario"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a small freshwater fish",
"word": "hawai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a small freshwater fish",
"word": "tītarakura"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Gobies",
"en:People",
"en:Personality",
"en:Prostitution"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bulliable"
},
{
"word": "bullyable"
},
{
"word": "outbully"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bullies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bullying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bullied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bullied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bully (third-person singular simple present bullies, present participle bullying, simple past and past participle bullied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You shouldn't bully people for being weak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 218:",
"text": "Bradly's stomach kinked in on itself, thinking of Cora struck silly with that corpse on her hands and the copper bullying the truth out of her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 August 26, Brad Lendon, “'Xi Jinping doesn't scare me': US Sen. Marsha Blackburn lands in Taiwan, vows not to be bullied by China”, in CNN, archived from the original on 2022-08-26:",
"text": "United States Sen. Marsha Blackburn on Thursday became the latest member of Congress to visit Taiwan defying pressure from Beijing, saying, \"I will not be bullied by Communist China into turning my back on the island.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To intimidate (someone) as a bully."
],
"links": [
[
"intimidate",
"intimidate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To intimidate (someone) as a bully."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "intimidate"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 January 15, Sam Sheringham, “Chelsea 2 -03 Blackburn Rovers”, in BBC:",
"text": "The Potters know their strengths and played to them perfectly here, out-muscling Bolton in midfield and bullying the visitors' back-line at every opportunity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To act aggressively towards."
],
"links": [
[
"aggressively",
"aggressively"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To act aggressively towards."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "push around"
},
{
"word": "ride roughshod over"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaplašvam",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "заплашвам"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ganenulia",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ᎦᏁᏄᎵᎠ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "蝦"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "haa¹",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "虾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "欺負"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīfu",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "欺负"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīwǔ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "欺侮"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǔmàn",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "侮慢"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "šikanovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zastrašovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "herse med"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "mobbe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "pesten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "treiteren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "jennen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ĉikani"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "kiusama"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "kiusata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimider"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "einschüchtern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "schikanieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "kujonieren"
},
{
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ñembosarái"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dabaṅgī",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "दबंगी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usnā",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "धौंसना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usnā",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "धौँसना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dha͠usbājī",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "धौंसबाजी"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "megfélemlít"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "leggja í einelti"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ansmachtaigh"
},
{
"alt": "いじめる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ijimeru",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "苛める"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "goerophida",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "괴롭히다"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zaplášuva",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "запла́шува"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zastrášuva",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "застра́шува"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "hawene"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "whakaweti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "whakawetiweti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "whakahakahaka"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "mobbe"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "znęcać się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimidar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "bulir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "oprimir"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimida"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapúgivatʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запу́гивать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapugátʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запуга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "straščátʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "страща́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zastraščátʹ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "застраща́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "maoidh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "intimidar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "chulear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "acosar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "hacer bullying"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "matonear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "bulear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "mobba"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "khmheng rạngkæ",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "ข่มเหงรังแก"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xulihan",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "хуліган"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to intimidate",
"word": "bắt nạt"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tiraniziram",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тиранизирам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "欺負"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīfù",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "欺负"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "týrat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "šikanovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tyrannisere"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "ĉikani"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "terroriseerima"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "türanniseerima"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "kiusata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tourmenter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "terroriser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "maltraiter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tyranniser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "harceler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tyrannisieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "drangsalieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "kujonieren"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "maltretíra",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "малтрети́ра"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tiranizíra",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тиранизи́ра"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "terorizíra",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тероризи́ра"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "whakahakahaka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "atormentar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "aterrorizar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "maltratar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tiranizar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "oprimir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tiranizírovatʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "тиранизи́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadirátʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "задира́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadrátʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "задра́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "terrorizírovatʹ",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "терроризи́ровать"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "maoidh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "tiranizar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "acosar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "zorbalık etmek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to act aggressively towards",
"word": "bắt nạt"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Gobies",
"en:People",
"en:Personality",
"en:Prostitution"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bully boy"
},
{
"word": "bully pulpit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bullier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "bully (comparative bullier, superlative bulliest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dated terms",
"English slang",
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a bully horse",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1861, Daniel Bryant, Bryant's Songs from Dixie's Land, page 19:",
"text": "To sing a bully song I'll try, / Bully for you, bully for you, / Gay as they make them, here I am, / Bully for you, for you.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916, The Independent, volumes 35-36, page 6:",
"text": "She is a bully woman, not only a good mother, but a wonderful in-law",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Very good."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang, dated) Very good."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "excellent"
},
{
"word": "excellent"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dated",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, William Shakespeare, The Merry Wives of Windsor, act II, scene iii:",
"text": "Bless thee, bully doctor!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jovial and blustering."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, obsolete) Jovial and blustering."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dashing"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pǎrvoklasen",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "първокласен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "skvělý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "prvotřídní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "fin"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "udmærket"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "génial"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "top"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ódličen",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "о́дличен"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very good; excellent",
"word": "valente"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli",
"Rhymes:English/ʊli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Gobies",
"en:People",
"en:Personality",
"en:Prostitution"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "+ -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "boel",
"4": "",
"5": "lover; brother"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boel (“lover; brother”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "boel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch boel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*buolo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *buolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōlô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōlô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôle",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bôle (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "buole",
"3": "",
"4": "brother; close relative; close relation"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Buhle",
"3": "",
"4": "lover"
},
"expansion": "German Buhle (“lover”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Bōla"
},
"expansion": "Old English Bōla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "expressive"
},
"expansion": "expressive",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bālinš",
"3": "",
"4": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bālinš (“brother”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), Old English Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.\nThe term acquired a negative connotation during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense. The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "en-interj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Bully, she's finally asked for that promotion!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Jerome Alden, Bully: An Adventure with Teddy Roosevelt, →OCLC, page 3:",
"text": "Bully! Bully! Finis coronet opus, “the end crowns all”; “may the last be the best!” By Godfrey it was delightful.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Well done!"
],
"links": [
[
"for",
"for#English"
],
[
"Well done",
"well done"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often followed by for) Well done!"
],
"raw_tags": [
"followed by for"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "well done"
}
],
"tags": [
"often"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʊli/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bully.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg/En-us-bully.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/En-us-bully.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊli"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "fint"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "udmærket"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "brave"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "bravo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brávo",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "бра́во"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "bravo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "well done!",
"word": "bravo"
}
],
"word": "bully"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bully meaning in English (56.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.