See sterling in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sterling meaning in English (19.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penny sterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pound sterling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterling"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlinge"
},
"expansion": "sterlinge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlynge"
},
"expansion": "sterlynge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "starling"
},
"expansion": "starling",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterling",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "sterling (“starling”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the bird"
},
"expansion": "(the bird)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterre",
"4": "",
"5": "star"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterre (“star”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shilling"
},
"expansion": "shilling",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterling, sterlinge, sterlynge, starling, of uncertain origin. Possibly from sterling (“starling”) (the bird), which at one time was stamped in quarters on the coin; or perhaps from Middle English sterre (“star”) + -ling (as in shilling), as some Norman coins presumably featured stars on them.\nFor the UK currency gloss, the term is a contraction of esterling, referring to eastern merchants from Baltic towns who established a bullion weight standard for transactions. (Taylor and Palmer, 1968)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sterlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sterling (countable and uncountable, plural sterlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 5 9 2 30 17 8 23",
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"_dis": "6 4 11 9 36 12 7 15",
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{
"_dis": "37 2 2 1 40 10 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Currencies",
"orig": "en:Currencies",
"parents": [
"Currency",
"Money",
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"Society",
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{
"_dis": "41 2 3 1 37 10 5 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Currency",
"orig": "en:Currency",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "37 2 2 1 39 11 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Historical currencies",
"orig": "en:Historical currencies",
"parents": [
"Currencies",
"Currency",
"Money",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 2 1 71 11 3 3",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "United Kingdom",
"orig": "en:United Kingdom",
"parents": [
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"Europe",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-noun-G6ZGjaC0",
"links": [
[
"currency",
"currency"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جنيَه إِسْتِرْلِينِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gené esterlini",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جنية استرليني"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lira",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "лира"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lliura"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lliura esterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "libra"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterlingo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "punta"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libra"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libra esterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "eika",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "英貨"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "funt"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "funt sterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "funt szterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stérling",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сте́рлинг"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "funt",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фунт"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "libra"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libra esterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "esterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterlin"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "pound"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 2 2 1 40 10 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Currencies",
"orig": "en:Currencies",
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"Money",
"Business",
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{
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"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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"orig": "en:Historical currencies",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1793, Stephen Martin Leake, An Historical Account of English Money from the Conquest to the Present Time",
"text": "Sterling was the known and approved standard in England, in all probability, from the beginning of King Henry the Second's reign.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness: for gold 0.91666 and for silver 0.925."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-noun-qmlYKx9a",
"links": [
[
"British",
"British"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"silver",
"silver"
],
[
"coinage",
"coinage"
],
[
"fineness",
"fineness"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 87 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 87 6 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esterlín"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 87 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 87 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oro sterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 87 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argento sterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 87 6 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hōtei jundo",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"word": "法定純度"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 26 3 1 12 7 44 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gold",
"orig": "en:Gold",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 28 3 1 11 6 46 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Silver",
"orig": "en:Silver",
"parents": [
"Transition metals",
"Chemical elements",
"Metals",
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"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sterling silver, or articles made from this material."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-noun-b82K-A-k",
"links": [
[
"Sterling silver",
"sterling silver"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 94 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čisto srebro",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чисто сребро"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 94 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argento sterlina"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 94 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jungin",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"word": "純銀"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 94 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sutāringu shirubā",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"word": "スターリングシルバー"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A structure of pilings that protects the piers of a bridge; a starling."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-noun-Rc6w~HaL",
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝ.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
},
{
"homophone": "Stirling"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sterling.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sterling"
],
"word": "sterling"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "sterling"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlinge"
},
"expansion": "sterlinge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlynge"
},
"expansion": "sterlynge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "starling"
},
"expansion": "starling",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterling",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "sterling (“starling”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the bird"
},
"expansion": "(the bird)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterre",
"4": "",
"5": "star"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterre (“star”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shilling"
},
"expansion": "shilling",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterling, sterlinge, sterlynge, starling, of uncertain origin. Possibly from sterling (“starling”) (the bird), which at one time was stamped in quarters on the coin; or perhaps from Middle English sterre (“star”) + -ling (as in shilling), as some Norman coins presumably featured stars on them.\nFor the UK currency gloss, the term is a contraction of esterling, referring to eastern merchants from Baltic towns who established a bullion weight standard for transactions. (Taylor and Palmer, 1968)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more sterling",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most sterling",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sterling (comparative more sterling, superlative most sterling)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
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{
"_dis": "37 2 2 1 40 10 4 4",
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"_dis": "41 2 3 1 37 10 5 1",
"kind": "topical",
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{
"_dis": "37 2 2 1 39 11 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Historical currencies",
"orig": "en:Historical currencies",
"parents": [
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"Currency",
"Money",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-adj-yLJgrH~H",
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable) Of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage",
"word": "esterlí"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage",
"word": "esterlino"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esterlino"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or made from sterling silver."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-adj-GuMjgY~y",
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable) Of, relating to, or made from sterling silver."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 96 2 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, relating to, or made from sterling silver",
"word": "esterlí"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, A. E. Housman, “Terence, this is stupid stuff”, in A Shropshire Lad",
"text": "Then the world seemed none so bad / And I myself a sterling lad",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 December 13, Mandeep Sanghera, “Burnley 1-0 Southampton”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Southampton had been hoping to get back to winning ways to prove to their critics there was substance to their sterling start to the season.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of acknowledged worth or influence; high quality; authoritative."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-adj-YhQJPLg8",
"links": [
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"authoritative",
"authoritative"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 89 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "high quality",
"word": "erinomainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 89 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "high quality",
"word": "korkealaatuinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 89 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "high quality",
"word": "laadukas"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Anthony Trollope, Framley Parsonage",
"text": "I have said that Mr. Crawley was a stern, unpleasant man; and it certainly was so. The man must be made of very sterling stuff, whom continued and undeserved misfortune does not make unpleasant.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016 January 31, “Is Huma Abedin Hillary Clinton’s Secret Weapon or Her Next Big Problem?”, in Vanity Fair, retrieved 2016-01-21",
"text": "But Rodríguez says, “Neither the law nor the facts support Senator Grassley’s baseless allegations and extrapolated conclusions. It is disappointing that the senator and his staff continue to focus a politically motivated campaign on Ms. Abedin, who has been known her entire professional life for hard work, integrity, and her sterling reputation. It is people like Ms. Abedin whom we should all want in public service.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 6, Greg Morse, “A need for speed and the drive for 125”, in RAIL, number 941, page 53",
"text": "HSTs continued to provide sterling service during these years, so much so that when Virgin and Midland Mainline brought their new wave of high-speed diesel electric multiple units [...] on stream, many preferred the ride and comfort of the vanquished to the ride and comfort of the vanquisher.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genuine; true; pure; of great value or excellence."
],
"id": "en-sterling-en-adj-SpnhSjyk",
"links": [
[
"Genuine",
"genuine"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"pure",
"pure"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"excellence",
"excellence"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝ.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
},
{
"homophone": "Stirling"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sterling.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sterling"
],
"word": "sterling"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables",
"en:Currencies",
"en:Currency",
"en:Gold",
"en:Historical currencies",
"en:Silver",
"en:United Kingdom"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "penny sterling"
},
{
"word": "pound sterling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterling"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlinge"
},
"expansion": "sterlinge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlynge"
},
"expansion": "sterlynge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "starling"
},
"expansion": "starling",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "sterling",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "sterling (“starling”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the bird"
},
"expansion": "(the bird)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterre",
"4": "",
"5": "star"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterre (“star”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shilling"
},
"expansion": "shilling",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterling, sterlinge, sterlynge, starling, of uncertain origin. Possibly from sterling (“starling”) (the bird), which at one time was stamped in quarters on the coin; or perhaps from Middle English sterre (“star”) + -ling (as in shilling), as some Norman coins presumably featured stars on them.\nFor the UK currency gloss, the term is a contraction of esterling, referring to eastern merchants from Baltic towns who established a bullion weight standard for transactions. (Taylor and Palmer, 1968)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sterlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sterling (countable and uncountable, plural sterlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound."
],
"links": [
[
"currency",
"currency"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1793, Stephen Martin Leake, An Historical Account of English Money from the Conquest to the Present Time",
"text": "Sterling was the known and approved standard in England, in all probability, from the beginning of King Henry the Second's reign.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness: for gold 0.91666 and for silver 0.925."
],
"links": [
[
"British",
"British"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"silver",
"silver"
],
[
"coinage",
"coinage"
],
[
"fineness",
"fineness"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Sterling silver, or articles made from this material."
],
"links": [
[
"Sterling silver",
"sterling silver"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A structure of pilings that protects the piers of a bridge; a starling."
],
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝ.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
},
{
"homophone": "Stirling"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sterling.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جنيَه إِسْتِرْلِينِيّ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gené esterlini",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جنية استرليني"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lira",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "лира"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lliura"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lliura esterlina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "libra"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterlingo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "punta"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libra esterlina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sterlina"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "eika",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "英貨"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterling"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterlina"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "funt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "funt sterling"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "funt szterling"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sterling"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szterling"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esterlina"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stérling",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сте́рлинг"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "funt",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фунт"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "libra"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libra esterlina"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "esterlina"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "sterlin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the currency of the United Kingdom; especially the pound",
"word": "pound"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esterlina"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esterlín"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sterlina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oro sterlina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argento sterlina"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hōtei jundo",
"sense": "former British gold or silver coinage of a standard fineness",
"word": "法定純度"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čisto srebro",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чисто сребро"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "argento sterlina"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jungin",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"word": "純銀"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sutāringu shirubā",
"sense": "sterling silver, or articles made from this material",
"word": "スターリングシルバー"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sterling"
],
"word": "sterling"
}
{
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"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables",
"en:Currencies",
"en:Currency",
"en:Gold",
"en:Historical currencies",
"en:Silver",
"en:United Kingdom"
],
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"2": "enm",
"3": "sterling"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterling",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlinge"
},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterlynge"
},
"expansion": "sterlynge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "starling"
},
"expansion": "starling",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterling",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "sterling (“starling”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
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},
"expansion": "(the bird)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "sterre",
"4": "",
"5": "star"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterre (“star”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shilling"
},
"expansion": "shilling",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterling, sterlinge, sterlynge, starling, of uncertain origin. Possibly from sterling (“starling”) (the bird), which at one time was stamped in quarters on the coin; or perhaps from Middle English sterre (“star”) + -ling (as in shilling), as some Norman coins presumably featured stars on them.\nFor the UK currency gloss, the term is a contraction of esterling, referring to eastern merchants from Baltic towns who established a bullion weight standard for transactions. (Taylor and Palmer, 1968)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more sterling",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most sterling",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
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{
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"Of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable) Of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage."
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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"(not comparable) Of, relating to, or made from sterling silver."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, A. E. Housman, “Terence, this is stupid stuff”, in A Shropshire Lad",
"text": "Then the world seemed none so bad / And I myself a sterling lad",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 December 13, Mandeep Sanghera, “Burnley 1-0 Southampton”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Southampton had been hoping to get back to winning ways to prove to their critics there was substance to their sterling start to the season.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of acknowledged worth or influence; high quality; authoritative."
],
"links": [
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"authoritative",
"authoritative"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Anthony Trollope, Framley Parsonage",
"text": "I have said that Mr. Crawley was a stern, unpleasant man; and it certainly was so. The man must be made of very sterling stuff, whom continued and undeserved misfortune does not make unpleasant.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016 January 31, “Is Huma Abedin Hillary Clinton’s Secret Weapon or Her Next Big Problem?”, in Vanity Fair, retrieved 2016-01-21",
"text": "But Rodríguez says, “Neither the law nor the facts support Senator Grassley’s baseless allegations and extrapolated conclusions. It is disappointing that the senator and his staff continue to focus a politically motivated campaign on Ms. Abedin, who has been known her entire professional life for hard work, integrity, and her sterling reputation. It is people like Ms. Abedin whom we should all want in public service.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 6, Greg Morse, “A need for speed and the drive for 125”, in RAIL, number 941, page 53",
"text": "HSTs continued to provide sterling service during these years, so much so that when Virgin and Midland Mainline brought their new wave of high-speed diesel electric multiple units [...] on stream, many preferred the ride and comfort of the vanquished to the ride and comfort of the vanquisher.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genuine; true; pure; of great value or excellence."
],
"links": [
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"Genuine",
"genuine"
],
[
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"true"
],
[
"pure",
"pure"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"excellence",
"excellence"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝ.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
},
{
"homophone": "Stirling"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sterling.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sterling.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage",
"word": "esterlí"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage",
"word": "esterlino"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, or relating to British currency, or the former British coinage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esterlino"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, relating to, or made from sterling silver",
"word": "esterlí"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "high quality",
"word": "erinomainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "high quality",
"word": "korkealaatuinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "high quality",
"word": "laadukas"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sterling"
],
"word": "sterling"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.