See -y in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -y meaning in English (36.6kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “form “having quality of” adjectives”",
"word": "-less"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -y",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-i"
},
"expansion": "-i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-iġ",
"4": "",
"5": "-y, -ic",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "Old English -iġ (“-y, -ic”, suffix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-g"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-g",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-īgaz",
"4": "",
"5": "-y, -ic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-īgaz (“-y, -ic”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-ikos"
},
"expansion": "*-ikos",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-iḱos",
"3": "",
"4": "-y, -ic"
},
"expansion": "*-iḱos (“-y, -ic”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-ie",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Scots -ie (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-ich",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian -ich (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Low German -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "German -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐌲𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌹𐌲𐍃 (-igs, “-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-icus",
"3": "",
"4": "-y, -ic"
},
"expansion": "Latin -icus (“-y, -ic”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-इक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -इक (-ika)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ac",
"3": "-ic"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ac and -ic",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -y, -i, from Old English -iġ (“-y, -ic”, suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz (“-y, -ic”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ikos, *-iḱos (“-y, -ic”).\nCognate with Scots -ie (“-y”), West Frisian -ich (“-y”), Dutch -ig (“-y”), Low German -ig (“-y”), German -ig (“-y”), Swedish -ig (“-y”), Gothic -𐌹𐌲𐍃 (-igs, “-y”), Latin -icus (“-y, -ic”), Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Sanskrit -इक (-ika). Doublet of -ac and -ic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "productive suffixes",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "productive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 10 2 28 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mess + -y → messy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mouse + -y → mousy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "blue + -y → bluey",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "clay + -y → clayey",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Cory Doctorow, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, Macmillan",
"text": "Tim keeps trying to make it all more impressionistic, less computer-y.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”, either “involving the referent” or “analogous to it”."
],
"id": "en--y-en-suffix-en:adjectival",
"senseid": [
"en:adjectival"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-an"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ial"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ian"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ous"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-like"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-oid"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-osu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-osa"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-inen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-osa"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-uri",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ური"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-uli",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ული"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-os"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-as"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ös"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ach"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"alt": "-しつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-shitsu",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-質"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"alt": "-じょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-jou",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-状"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mitai",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-みたい"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"alt": "ような",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "youna",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-様な"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-ari",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-有り"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-tsuki",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-付き"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-î"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-în"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-osus"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-owy"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ny"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-os"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ij",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ий"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ый"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ivyj",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ивый"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "-ika",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-इक"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "-in",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-इन्"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-iento"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-iego"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-aktig"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "ma-"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "-āṉa",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ஆன"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "run + -y → runny",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stick + -y → sticky",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fiddle + -y → fiddly",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbs to form adjectives meaning \"inclined to\"."
],
"id": "en--y-en-suffix-Hotl73Fd",
"links": [
[
"incline",
"incline#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-va"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-vä"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inclined to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-liwy"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ij",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ий"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ый"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ivyj",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ивый"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-iento"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ий"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--y.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "-y"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "Scots -ie",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-i"
},
"expansion": "-i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-iġ",
"pos": "diminutive suffix",
"t": "-ie, -y"
},
"expansion": "Old English -iġ (“-ie, -y”, diminutive suffix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ij-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ij-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*-j-",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-j- (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-je",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -je (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "-je",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "German Low German -je (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-i",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "German -i (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Scots -ie, being inherited directly from the same source Middle English -ie, -i, from Old English -iġ (“-ie, -y”, diminutive suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-ij-, *-j- (diminutive suffix). Compare Dutch -je (diminutive suffix), German Low German -je (diminutive suffix), German -i (diminutive suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "granny, pinny, tummy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming diminutive nouns."
],
"id": "en--y-en-suffix-en:diminutive",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:diminutive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-ik",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-իկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-uk",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ուկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-ak",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ín"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ina"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-et"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-eta"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǐ",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "子"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "ér",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-je"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-tje"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-etje"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-pje"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ken"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ke"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-che"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-kijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-et-"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-nen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-et"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-in"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ine"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-iño"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-chen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-lein"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-erl"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-ón",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "־ון"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-ít",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "־ית"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ke"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "-etto"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "-etta"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ín"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-etto"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-etta"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ino"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ina"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "gml",
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-eken"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-illo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-inho"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-uț"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aș"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ior"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-el"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ușor"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-uleț"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-uță"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-iță"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ică"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ioară"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ik",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ик"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ok",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ок"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ek",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ек"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-jók",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ёк"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ka",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ko",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ко"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ce",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-це"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-co",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-цо"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ito"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-iño"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-iña"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ico"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-uelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "illo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "ino"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ucho"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ete"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-eto"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-uco"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-iello"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ullo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ejo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cık"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cük"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çık"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çik"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çük"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cak"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cağız"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ceğiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-cyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-os"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 10 2 28 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Andy, Billy, Johnny, Jonesy, lovey"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming familiar names, pet names, nicknames and terms of endearment."
],
"id": "en--y-en-suffix-en:familiar",
"senseid": [
"en:familiar"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chan",
"sense": "forming familiar names",
"word": "ちゃん"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming familiar names",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ś"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--y.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "mini-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "micro-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "nano-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-icle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-cule"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ule"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ey"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ee"
}
],
"word": "-y"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ery"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -y",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "-ie",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ee"
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-e"
},
"expansion": "-e",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "Middle French -ie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "-é"
},
"expansion": "-é",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ium"
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-tās"
},
"expansion": "-tās",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-ίᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ειᾰ"
},
"expansion": "-ειᾰ (-eia)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ιον"
},
"expansion": "-ιον (-ion)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-ei"
},
"expansion": "German -ei",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-ij"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ij",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -y, -ie, -ee, -e, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French -ie and -é, from Latin -ia, -ium, -tās, Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā), -ειᾰ (-eia), -ιον (-ion).\nCognate (as far as Latin -ia is involved) with German -ei and Dutch -ij.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 10 2 28 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "modest + -y → modesty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "honest + -y → honesty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "-nym + -y → -nymy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "as in toponym + -y → toponymy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "-logue + -y → -logy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "as in analogue + -y → analogy",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming abstract nouns denoting a condition, quality, or state."
],
"id": "en--y-en-suffix-en:abstract_noun",
"links": [
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun#English"
],
[
"condition",
"condition#Noun"
],
[
"quality",
"quality#Noun"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:abstract noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-utʻyun",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-heid"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-uus"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-yys"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-é"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-dade"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "si- -e",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "სი- -ე"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-heit"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-keit"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ság"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ség"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-à"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-î"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-yî"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tî"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ium"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tas"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ość"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-stwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idade"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ime"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-itate"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-enie"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tad"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-dad"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-io"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tud"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-edumbre"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-het"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-dom"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-skap"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-else"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 10 2 28 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Italy, Germany, Saxony, Hungary, Sicily, Lombardy, Tuscany, Albany, Brittany, Gascony, Burgundy, Picardy, Normandy, Romandy, Savoy, Muscovy, Tartary, Arcady, Thessaly, Troy, Turkey."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in the name of some locations which end in -ia in Latin."
],
"id": "en--y-en-suffix-iS1fOOBk",
"links": [
[
"-ia",
"-ia#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ija",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ия"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ía"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ia"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--y.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "-y"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “form “having quality of” adjectives”",
"word": "-less"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjective-forming suffixes",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of German translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -y",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-i"
},
"expansion": "-i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-iġ",
"4": "",
"5": "-y, -ic",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "Old English -iġ (“-y, -ic”, suffix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-g"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-g",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-īgaz",
"4": "",
"5": "-y, -ic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-īgaz (“-y, -ic”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-ikos"
},
"expansion": "*-ikos",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-iḱos",
"3": "",
"4": "-y, -ic"
},
"expansion": "*-iḱos (“-y, -ic”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "-ie",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Scots -ie (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-ich",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian -ich (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Low German -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "German -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ig",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -ig (“-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌹𐌲𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Gothic -𐌹𐌲𐍃 (-igs, “-y”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-icus",
"3": "",
"4": "-y, -ic"
},
"expansion": "Latin -icus (“-y, -ic”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-इक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -इक (-ika)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ac",
"3": "-ic"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ac and -ic",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -y, -i, from Old English -iġ (“-y, -ic”, suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz (“-y, -ic”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ikos, *-iḱos (“-y, -ic”).\nCognate with Scots -ie (“-y”), West Frisian -ich (“-y”), Dutch -ig (“-y”), Low German -ig (“-y”), German -ig (“-y”), Swedish -ig (“-y”), Gothic -𐌹𐌲𐍃 (-igs, “-y”), Latin -icus (“-y, -ic”), Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Sanskrit -इक (-ika). Doublet of -ac and -ic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "productive suffixes",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "productive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mess + -y → messy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mouse + -y → mousy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "blue + -y → bluey",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "clay + -y → clayey",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Cory Doctorow, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, Macmillan",
"text": "Tim keeps trying to make it all more impressionistic, less computer-y.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”, either “involving the referent” or “analogous to it”."
],
"senseid": [
"en:adjectival"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "run + -y → runny",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stick + -y → sticky",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fiddle + -y → fiddly",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbs to form adjectives meaning \"inclined to\"."
],
"links": [
[
"incline",
"incline#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--y.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-an"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ial"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ian"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”",
"word": "-ous"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-like"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"sense": "form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”",
"word": "-oid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-osu"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-osa"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-inen"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-osa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-uri",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ური"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "-uli",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-os"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-as"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-es"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ös"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-s"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"alt": "-しつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-shitsu",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-質"
},
{
"alt": "-じょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-jou",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-状"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mitai",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-みたい"
},
{
"alt": "ような",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "youna",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-様な"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-ari",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-有り"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "-tsuki",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-付き"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-î"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-în"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-osus"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-owy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-os"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ij",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ivyj",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ивый"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "-ika",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-इक"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "-in",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-इन्"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-iento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-oso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-iego"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-aktig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "ma-"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "-āṉa",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ஆன"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "having the quality of",
"word": "-ий"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-va"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-vä"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inclined to",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-liwy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ij",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ivyj",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ивый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-iento"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "inclined to",
"word": "-ий"
}
],
"word": "-y"
}
{
"categories": [
"English diminutive suffixes",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "Scots -ie",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-i"
},
"expansion": "-i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-iġ",
"pos": "diminutive suffix",
"t": "-ie, -y"
},
"expansion": "Old English -iġ (“-ie, -y”, diminutive suffix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ij-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ij-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*-j-",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-j- (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-je",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -je (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "-je",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "German Low German -je (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-i",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "German -i (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Scots -ie, being inherited directly from the same source Middle English -ie, -i, from Old English -iġ (“-ie, -y”, diminutive suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-ij-, *-j- (diminutive suffix). Compare Dutch -je (diminutive suffix), German Low German -je (diminutive suffix), German -i (diminutive suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "granny, pinny, tummy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming diminutive nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:diminutive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Andy, Billy, Johnny, Jonesy, lovey"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming familiar names, pet names, nicknames and terms of endearment."
],
"senseid": [
"en:familiar"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--y.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "mini-"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "micro-"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "nano-"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ee"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-icle"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-cule"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ule"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ole"
},
{
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"word": "-ey"
},
{
"word": "-ee"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-ik",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-իկ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-uk",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ուկ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-ak",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ակ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ín"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ina"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-et"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-eta"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǐ",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "兒"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "ér",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "儿"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-je"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-tje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-etje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-pje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ke"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-che"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-kijn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-et-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-nen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-et"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-in"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ine"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-iño"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-chen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-lein"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-erl"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-ón",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "־ון"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "-ít",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "־ית"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ke"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "-etto"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "-etta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ín"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-etto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-etta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ino"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ina"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ik"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ok"
},
{
"code": "gml",
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-eken"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-illo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-inho"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-uț"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aș"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ior"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-el"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ușor"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-uleț"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-uță"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-iță"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ică"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ioară"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ik",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ик"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ok",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ок"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ek",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ек"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-jók",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ёк"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ka",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ko",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-ко"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ce",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-це"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-co",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-цо"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ito"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-iño"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-iña"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-uelo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "illo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "ino"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ucho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ete"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-eto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-uco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-iello"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ullo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ejo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cuk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cük"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çuk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-çük"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-cağız"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"word": "-ceğiz"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-cyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "forming diminutive nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "-os"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chan",
"sense": "forming familiar names",
"word": "ちゃん"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming familiar names",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ś"
}
],
"word": "-y"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ery"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-y"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -y",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "-ie",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ee"
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-e"
},
"expansion": "-e",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-ie"
},
"expansion": "Middle French -ie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "-é"
},
"expansion": "-é",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ium"
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-tās"
},
"expansion": "-tās",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-ίᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ειᾰ"
},
"expansion": "-ειᾰ (-eia)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ιον"
},
"expansion": "-ιον (-ion)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-ei"
},
"expansion": "German -ei",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-ij"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ij",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -y, -ie, -ee, -e, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French -ie and -é, from Latin -ia, -ium, -tās, Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā), -ειᾰ (-eia), -ιον (-ion).\nCognate (as far as Latin -ia is involved) with German -ei and Dutch -ij.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-y",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "modest + -y → modesty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "honest + -y → honesty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "-nym + -y → -nymy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "as in toponym + -y → toponymy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "-logue + -y → -logy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "as in analogue + -y → analogy",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming abstract nouns denoting a condition, quality, or state."
],
"links": [
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun#English"
],
[
"condition",
"condition#Noun"
],
[
"quality",
"quality#Noun"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:abstract noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Italy, Germany, Saxony, Hungary, Sicily, Lombardy, Tuscany, Albany, Brittany, Gascony, Burgundy, Picardy, Normandy, Romandy, Savoy, Muscovy, Tartary, Arcady, Thessaly, Troy, Turkey."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in the name of some locations which end in -ia in Latin."
],
"links": [
[
"-ia",
"-ia#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--y.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--y.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "-utʻyun",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ություն"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-heid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-uus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-yys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-é"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-dade"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "si- -e",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "სი- -ე"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-heit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-keit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-nis"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ség"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-à"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-î"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-yî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tî"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ium"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tas"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ość"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-stwo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-idade"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ime"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-itate"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-enie"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-dad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-io"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-tud"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-edumbre"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-het"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-dom"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-skap"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"word": "-else"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "-yj",
"sense": "forming abstract nouns",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ий"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "-ija",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ия"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ía"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "used in the name of some locations ending in -ia in Latin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ia"
}
],
"word": "-y"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.