See -ico in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ikos"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ikos#Proto-Italic:_-ic"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-icus<id:adjectival suffix>",
"id": "adjectival suffix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\nSpanish -ico\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ico\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-id=\"adjectival suffix\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"-ico\" id=\"Spanish:_adjectival_suffix\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-icus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -icus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\nSpanish -ico\nBorrowed from Latin -icus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-icos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-icas",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -icos, feminine plural -icas)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-i‧co"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"i‧co"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "fotografía (“photograph”) + -ico → fotográfico (“photographic”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adjectives from nouns; -ic"
],
"id": "en--ico-es-suffix-ggBHwjdK",
"links": [
[
"-ic",
"-ic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iko/"
},
{
"ipa": "[i.ko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iko"
}
],
"word": "-ico"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ikos"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ikos#Proto-Italic:_-ic"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-iko",
"-iko#Ladino"
],
[
"-ito",
"-ito#Spanish:_noun_diminutive"
],
[
"-iko",
"-iko#Ladino"
],
[
"-ito",
"-ito#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-icus<id:adjectival suffix>",
"4": ":influence",
"5": "lad:-iko",
"6": ":influence",
"7": "es:-ito<id:noun diminutive>",
"id": "noun suffix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\n▲\nLadino -ikoinflu.\n▲\nSpanish -itoinflu.\nSpanish -ico\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ladino\", \"term\" : \"-iko\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"lad\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun diminutive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ito\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ico\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-id=\"noun suffix\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"-ico\" id=\"Spanish:_noun_suffix\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "-iko"
},
"expansion": "Ladino -iko",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\n▲\nLadino -ikoinflu.\n▲\nSpanish -itoinflu.\nSpanish -ico\nRelated to Ladino -iko, which serves as the equivalent of -ito.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-icos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -icos)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-i‧co"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"i‧co"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aragonese Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Colombian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Costa Rican Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cuban Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Granadan Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Murcian Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navarrese Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Venezuelan Spanish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 18 0 9 8 2 9 0 8 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 0 12 7 4 9 0 10 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 19 0 9 6 2 10 0 8 7 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive suffix, pejorative in certain regions; forms nouns from nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix -ito (in Cuba/Colombia/Venezuela/Costa Rica, it is only used with words that end in /t/, e.g. gato > gatico; but perro > perrito."
],
"id": "en--ico-es-suffix-KiSKcKYQ",
"links": [
[
"-ito",
"-ito#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica) diminutive suffix, pejorative in certain regions; forms nouns from nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix -ito (in Cuba/Colombia/Venezuela/Costa Rica, it is only used with words that end in /t/, e.g. gato > gatico; but perro > perrito."
],
"tags": [
"Aragon",
"Colombia",
"Costa-Rica",
"Cuba",
"Navarre",
"Venezuela",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iko/"
},
{
"ipa": "[i.ko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iko"
}
],
"word": "-ico"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/iko",
"Rhymes:Spanish/iko/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine suffixes",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish pejorative suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish terms with audio pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ikos"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ikos#Proto-Italic:_-ic"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
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{
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-icus<id:adjectival suffix>",
"id": "adjectival suffix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\nSpanish -ico\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ico\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-id=\"adjectival suffix\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"-ico\" id=\"Spanish:_adjectival_suffix\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-icus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -icus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\nSpanish -ico\nBorrowed from Latin -icus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-icos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-icas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ica, masculine plural -icos, feminine plural -icas)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-i‧co"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"i‧co"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "fotografía (“photograph”) + -ico → fotográfico (“photographic”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adjectives from nouns; -ic"
],
"links": [
[
"-ic",
"-ic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iko/"
},
{
"ipa": "[i.ko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iko"
}
],
"word": "-ico"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/iko",
"Rhymes:Spanish/iko/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine suffixes",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
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"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish terms with audio pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ikos"
],
[
"*-ikos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ikos#Proto-Italic:_-ic"
],
[
"-icus",
"-icus#Latin:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-iko",
"-iko#Ladino"
],
[
"-ito",
"-ito#Spanish:_noun_diminutive"
],
[
"-iko",
"-iko#Ladino"
],
[
"-ito",
"-ito#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-icus<id:adjectival suffix>",
"4": ":influence",
"5": "lad:-iko",
"6": ":influence",
"7": "es:-ito<id:noun diminutive>",
"id": "noun suffix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\n▲\nLadino -ikoinflu.\n▲\nSpanish -itoinflu.\nSpanish -ico\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ic\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-icus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ladino\", \"term\" : \"-iko\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"lad\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun diminutive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ito\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ico\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-id=\"noun suffix\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"-ico\" id=\"Spanish:_noun_suffix\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "-iko"
},
"expansion": "Ladino -iko",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-ikos\nProto-Italic *-ikos\nLatin -icusbor.\n▲\nLadino -ikoinflu.\n▲\nSpanish -itoinflu.\nSpanish -ico\nRelated to Ladino -iko, which serves as the equivalent of -ito.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-icos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -icos)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-i‧co"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"i‧co"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aragonese Spanish",
"Colombian Spanish",
"Costa Rican Spanish",
"Cuban Spanish",
"Granadan Spanish",
"Murcian Spanish",
"Navarrese Spanish",
"Venezuelan Spanish"
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive suffix, pejorative in certain regions; forms nouns from nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix -ito (in Cuba/Colombia/Venezuela/Costa Rica, it is only used with words that end in /t/, e.g. gato > gatico; but perro > perrito."
],
"links": [
[
"-ito",
"-ito#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica) diminutive suffix, pejorative in certain regions; forms nouns from nouns; replaces standard Spanish suffix -ito (in Cuba/Colombia/Venezuela/Costa Rica, it is only used with words that end in /t/, e.g. gato > gatico; but perro > perrito."
],
"tags": [
"Aragon",
"Colombia",
"Costa-Rica",
"Cuba",
"Navarre",
"Venezuela",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iko/"
},
{
"ipa": "[i.ko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iko"
}
],
"word": "-ico"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ico meaning in Spanish (7.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ico"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ico",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ico"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ico",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica",
"path": [
"-ico"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ico",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica",
"path": [
"-ico"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ico",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica",
"path": [
"-ico"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ico",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Murcia, Granada, Navarre, Aragon, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica",
"path": [
"-ico"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ico",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Spanish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.