"-ium" meaning in Latin

See -ium in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: [i.ũː] [Classical-Latin], [i.um] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From -ius (suffix forming adjectives): as a nominal suffix (Suffix 1), a substantivisation of its neuter forms; as an adjectival suffix (Suffix 2), regularly declined forms. Compare Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion), Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją, Proto-Slavic *-ьje. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:from|la:-ius<id:suffix forming adjectives>|id=abstract suffix}}, {{cog|grc|-ιον}} Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion), {{cog|gem-pro|*-ją|*-(i)ją}} Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją, {{cog|sla-pro|*-ьje}} Proto-Slavic *-ьje Head templates: {{la-suffix-noun|-ium<2>}} -ium n (genitive -iī or -ī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|-ium<2>}} Forms: -iī [genitive], -ī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -ium [nominative, singular], -ia [nominative, plural], -iī [genitive, singular], -ī [genitive, singular], -iōrum [genitive, plural], -iō [dative, singular], -iīs [dative, plural], -ium [accusative, singular], -ia [accusative, plural], -iō [ablative, singular], -iīs [ablative, plural], -ium [singular, vocative], -ia [plural, vocative]
  1. Suffix used to form abstract nouns, sometimes denoting offices and groups. May no longer be productive. Tags: declension-2, morpheme, neuter Derived forms: aestimium, ambivium, cōnfluvium
    Sense id: en--ium-la-suffix-F00Hrl9B Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 49 43 4 2 2 Disambiguation of Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension: 49 51
  2. (New Latin) Suffix appended to form names of chemical elements. Tags: New-Latin, declension-2, morpheme, neuter
    Sense id: en--ium-la-suffix-la:element Categories (other): New Latin, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 49 43 4 2 2 Disambiguation of Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension: 49 51
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|la|suffix form}} -ium
  1. inflection of -ius:
    nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
    Tags: accusative, form-of, morpheme, neuter, nominative, singular, vocative Form of: -ius
    Sense id: en--ium-la-suffix-t-QgLZJG
  2. inflection of -ius:
    accusative masculine singular
    Tags: accusative, form-of, masculine, morpheme, singular Form of: -ius
    Sense id: en--ium-la-suffix-H1gauZ8g
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|la|suffix form|head=-ium}} -ium
  1. genitive plural of -s Tags: form-of, genitive, morpheme, plural Form of: -s
    Sense id: en--ium-la-suffix-0mF5uWz~
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "word": "-ium"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":from",
        "3": "la:-ius<id:suffix forming adjectives>",
        "id": "abstract suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ιον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-ją",
        "3": "*-(i)ją"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ьje"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьje",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From -ius (suffix forming adjectives): as a nominal suffix (Suffix 1), a substantivisation of its neuter forms; as an adjectival suffix (Suffix 2), regularly declined forms. Compare Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion), Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją, Proto-Slavic *-ьje.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "-ium n (genitive -iī or -ī); second declension",
      "name": "la-suffix-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 43 4 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "word": "aestimium"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "word": "ambivium"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "word": "cōnfluvium"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "auspex + -ium → auspicium",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "dēsīderō + -ium → dēsīderium",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "castellum (“castle”) + -ium → castilium (“fortified city”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix used to form abstract nouns, sometimes denoting offices and groups. May no longer be productive."
      ],
      "id": "en--ium-la-suffix-F00Hrl9B",
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "New Latin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 43 4 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix appended to form names of chemical elements."
      ],
      "id": "en--ium-la-suffix-la:element",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(New Latin) Suffix appended to form names of chemical elements."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:element"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[i.ũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ium"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix form"
      },
      "expansion": "-ium",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "-ius"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of -ius:",
        "nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular"
      ],
      "id": "en--ium-la-suffix-t-QgLZJG",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ius",
          "-ius#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "-ius"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of -ius:",
        "accusative masculine singular"
      ],
      "id": "en--ium-la-suffix-H1gauZ8g",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ius",
          "-ius#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ium"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix form",
        "head": "-ium"
      },
      "expansion": "-ium",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "-s"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive plural of -s"
      ],
      "id": "en--ium-la-suffix-0mF5uWz~",
      "links": [
        [
          "-s",
          "-s#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "morpheme",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ium"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter suffixes",
    "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin second declension suffixes",
    "Latin suffix forms",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "aestimium"
    },
    {
      "word": "ambivium"
    },
    {
      "word": "cōnfluvium"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "word": "-ium"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":from",
        "3": "la:-ius<id:suffix forming adjectives>",
        "id": "abstract suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ιον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-ją",
        "3": "*-(i)ją"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ьje"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьje",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From -ius (suffix forming adjectives): as a nominal suffix (Suffix 1), a substantivisation of its neuter forms; as an adjectival suffix (Suffix 2), regularly declined forms. Compare Ancient Greek -ιον (-ion), Proto-Germanic *-(i)ją, Proto-Slavic *-ьje.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "-ium n (genitive -iī or -ī); second declension",
      "name": "la-suffix-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "auspex + -ium → auspicium",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "dēsīderō + -ium → dēsīderium",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "castellum (“castle”) + -ium → castilium (“fortified city”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix used to form abstract nouns, sometimes denoting offices and groups. May no longer be productive."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "New Latin"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Suffix appended to form names of chemical elements."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(New Latin) Suffix appended to form names of chemical elements."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:element"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[i.ũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ium"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin suffix forms",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix form"
      },
      "expansion": "-ium",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "-ius"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of -ius:",
        "nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ius",
          "-ius#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "-ius"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of -ius:",
        "accusative masculine singular"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ius",
          "-ius#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ium"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin suffix forms",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix form",
        "head": "-ium"
      },
      "expansion": "-ium",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "-s"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive plural of -s"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-s",
          "-s#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "morpheme",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ium"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ium meaning in Latin (5.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.