See -î in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ikos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ikos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-कस"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -कस (-kasa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-icus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -icus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-iġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English -iġ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-y"
},
"expansion": "English -y",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos; cognates include Sanskrit -कस (-kasa), Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ, Latin -icus, Old English -iġ, English -y.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
},
{
"form": "-yî",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "av (“water”) + -î → avî (“watery, liquid”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bajar (“city”) + -î → bajarî (“urban”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "zîv (“silver”) + -î → zîvî (“silvery, argentous”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”: -y, -ish, -like"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-KLLzQbPb",
"links": [
[
"-y",
"-y"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish"
],
[
"-like",
"-like"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 11 23 2 9 0 2 22 10 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kurd (“Kurd”) + -î → kurdî (“Kurdish”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ereb (“Arab”) + -î → erebî (“Arabic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Çîn (“China”) + -î → çînî (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Yewnan(istan) (“Greece”) + -î → yewnanî (“Greek”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to placenames (or roots thereof) or ethnonyms to form adjectives meaning “of or pertaining to”: -ian, -ese, -ic, -ish"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-xrzi3WD2",
"links": [
[
"placename",
"placename#English"
],
[
"ethnonym",
"ethnonym#English"
],
[
"-ian",
"-ian"
],
[
"-ese",
"-ese"
],
[
"-ic",
"-ic"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ـی",
"tr": "-i"
},
"expansion": "Persian ـی (-i)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Persian ـی (-i).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 18 37 6 15 0 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 11 23 2 9 0 2 22 10 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "qenc (“good”) + -î → qencî (“goodness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "xirab (“bad”) + -î → xirabî (“badness, evil”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sor (“red”) + -î → sorî (“redness, ruddiness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives: -ness, -ity, -hood"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-ZAaxVJMy",
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-ity",
"-ity"
],
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ahî"
},
{
"word": "-ayî"
},
{
"word": "-tî"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti, athematic root present of the root *h₁es- (“to be”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
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"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "you speak",
"text": "tu dibêjî",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "you came",
"text": "tu hatî",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used for conjugation of the second person singular (tu)"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-4QVP5wPD",
"raw_glosses": [
"Used for conjugation of the second person singular (tu):"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gund (“village”) + -î → gundî (“villager”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to placenames to make a gendered noun of origin or nationality"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-wp55YZl8",
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to placenames to make a gendered noun of origin or nationality:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ser (“head”) + -î → serî (“his head, her head”), same as \"serê wê/wî\"",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dest (“hand”) + -î → destî (“his hand, her hand”), same as \"destê wê/wî\"",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"his or her"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-UDrToWpf",
"links": [
[
"his",
"his"
],
[
"her",
"her"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"his or her:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he speaks",
"text": "ew dibêjî",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used for present tense conjugation of the third person singular"
],
"id": "en--î-kmr-suffix-XsQMKrDi",
"qualifier": "oral",
"raw_glosses": [
"(oral, nonstandard) Used for present tense conjugation of the third person singular:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish suffixes",
"Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "-"
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"expansion": "Proto-Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ikos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ikos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-कस"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -कस (-kasa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ъkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-icus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -icus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-iġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English -iġ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-y"
},
"expansion": "English -y",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos; cognates include Sanskrit -कस (-kasa), Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ, Latin -icus, Old English -iġ, English -y.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
},
{
"form": "-yî",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "av (“water”) + -î → avî (“watery, liquid”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bajar (“city”) + -î → bajarî (“urban”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "zîv (“silver”) + -î → zîvî (“silvery, argentous”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”: -y, -ish, -like"
],
"links": [
[
"-y",
"-y"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish"
],
[
"-like",
"-like"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kurd (“Kurd”) + -î → kurdî (“Kurdish”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ereb (“Arab”) + -î → erebî (“Arabic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Çîn (“China”) + -î → çînî (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Yewnan(istan) (“Greece”) + -î → yewnanî (“Greek”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to placenames (or roots thereof) or ethnonyms to form adjectives meaning “of or pertaining to”: -ian, -ese, -ic, -ish"
],
"links": [
[
"placename",
"placename#English"
],
[
"ethnonym",
"ethnonym#English"
],
[
"-ian",
"-ian"
],
[
"-ese",
"-ese"
],
[
"-ic",
"-ic"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish noun-forming suffixes",
"Northern Kurdish suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ـی",
"tr": "-i"
},
"expansion": "Persian ـی (-i)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Persian ـی (-i).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ahî"
},
{
"word": "-ayî"
},
{
"word": "-tî"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "qenc (“good”) + -î → qencî (“goodness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "xirab (“bad”) + -î → xirabî (“badness, evil”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sor (“red”) + -î → sorî (“redness, ruddiness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives: -ness, -ity, -hood"
],
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-ity",
"-ity"
],
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish suffixes",
"Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti, athematic root present of the root *h₁es- (“to be”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "you speak",
"text": "tu dibêjî",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "you came",
"text": "tu hatî",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used for conjugation of the second person singular (tu)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Used for conjugation of the second person singular (tu):"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـی",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Arabic spelling",
"4": "ـی",
"f1sc": "ku-Arab"
},
"expansion": "-î (Arabic spelling ـی)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gund (“village”) + -î → gundî (“villager”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to placenames to make a gendered noun of origin or nationality"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to placenames to make a gendered noun of origin or nationality:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ser (“head”) + -î → serî (“his head, her head”), same as \"serê wê/wî\"",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "dest (“hand”) + -î → destî (“his hand, her hand”), same as \"destê wê/wî\"",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"his or her"
],
"links": [
[
"his",
"his"
],
[
"her",
"her"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"his or her:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish nonstandard terms",
"Northern Kurdish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he speaks",
"text": "ew dibêjî",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used for present tense conjugation of the third person singular"
],
"qualifier": "oral",
"raw_glosses": [
"(oral, nonstandard) Used for present tense conjugation of the third person singular:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "-î"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -î meaning in Northern Kurdish (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Northern Kurdish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.