See -ek in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-ek",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъkъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-ek\">\nInherited from Old Polish -ek.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nInherited from Old Polish -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "diminutive suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ek m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-ek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"ek"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "-kowie / -ki"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
},
{
"args": {
"gens": "-ka / -ku"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 14 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dół + -ek → dołek",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Jarosław + -ek → Jarek",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine diminutive noun suffix"
],
"id": "en--ek-pl-suffix-1tl9gCkJ",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"noun",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛk"
}
],
"word": "-ek"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-ek",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъkъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-ek\">\nInherited from Old Polish -ek.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Slavic *-kъ\nProto-Slavic *-ъkъ\nOld Polish -ek\nPolish -ek\nInherited from Old Polish -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "diminutive suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ek m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-ek"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"ek"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "-kowie / -ki"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
},
{
"args": {
"gens": "-ka / -ku"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish diminutive suffixes",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛk/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dół + -ek → dołek",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Jarosław + -ek → Jarek",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine diminutive noun suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"noun",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛk"
}
],
"word": "-ek"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ek meaning in Polish (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.