See -ach in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ach meaning in Irish (7.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-achán"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"word": "-achas"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-ākos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-ākos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-eh₂kos",
"4": "*-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-éh₂",
"3": "*-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "*-eh₂",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-kos",
"3": "*-kos, *-ḱos"
},
"expansion": "*-kos, *-ḱos",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "-og"
},
"expansion": "Welsh -og",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "-óg"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -óg",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂ + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos; compare Welsh -og. Doublet of -óg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a -acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "níos -aí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "is -aí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"g": "m",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-ach m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "m",
"pos2": "a"
},
"expansion": "-ach m",
"name": "ga-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "ach",
"3": "aigh"
},
"name": "ga-decl-m1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "-ach",
"gsf": "-aí",
"gsm": "-aigh",
"pl": "~a"
},
"name": "ga-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Éire (“Ireland”) + -ach → Éireannach (“Irish (person)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sasana (“England”) + -ach → Sasanach (“English (person)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘person or thing connected or involved with, belonging to, having’."
],
"id": "en--ach-ga-suffix-36ppa6Wr",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bunús (“basis”) + -ach → bunúsach (“basic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fearg (“anger”) + -ach → feargach (“angry”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Éire (“Ireland”) + -ach → Éireannach (“Irish”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sasana (“England”) + -ach → Sasanach (“English”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘connected or involved with, belonging to, having’."
],
"id": "en--ach-ga-suffix-w3FqttVo",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əx/",
"tags": [
"Connacht",
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ax/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ah/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"english": "slender form",
"word": "-each"
}
],
"word": "-ach"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-Vkos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-Vkos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-Vxs"
},
"expansion": "*-Vxs",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-Vkos (V standing for any vowel), the genitive singular ending of certain nouns ending in *-Vxs.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-ach",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i"
},
"expansion": "-ach",
"name": "ga-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 23 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the genitive singular of some fifth-declension nouns"
],
"id": "en--ach-ga-suffix-ga:genitive",
"senseid": [
"ga:genitive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əx/",
"tags": [
"Connacht",
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ax/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ah/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"word": "-ach"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Irish doublets",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish first-declension nouns",
"Irish inflectional suffixes",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine suffixes",
"Irish noun-forming suffixes",
"Irish suffixes",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-achán"
},
{
"word": "-achas"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-ākos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-ākos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-eh₂kos",
"4": "*-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-éh₂",
"3": "*-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "*-eh₂",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-kos",
"3": "*-kos, *-ḱos"
},
"expansion": "*-kos, *-ḱos",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "-og"
},
"expansion": "Welsh -og",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "-óg"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -óg",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂ + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos; compare Welsh -og. Doublet of -óg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a -acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don -ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na -aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aigh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "níos -aí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "is -aí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"g": "m",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-ach m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "m",
"pos2": "a"
},
"expansion": "-ach m",
"name": "ga-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "ach",
"3": "aigh"
},
"name": "ga-decl-m1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "-ach",
"gsf": "-aí",
"gsm": "-aigh",
"pl": "~a"
},
"name": "ga-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Éire (“Ireland”) + -ach → Éireannach (“Irish (person)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sasana (“England”) + -ach → Sasanach (“English (person)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘person or thing connected or involved with, belonging to, having’."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "bunús (“basis”) + -ach → bunúsach (“basic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fearg (“anger”) + -ach → feargach (“angry”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Éire (“Ireland”) + -ach → Éireannach (“Irish”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Sasana (“England”) + -ach → Sasanach (“English”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from other nouns and adjectives with the sense of ‘connected or involved with, belonging to, having’."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əx/",
"tags": [
"Connacht",
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ax/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ah/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "slender form",
"word": "-each"
}
],
"word": "-ach"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish inflectional suffixes",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish suffixes",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-Vkos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-Vkos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-Vxs"
},
"expansion": "*-Vxs",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-Vkos (V standing for any vowel), the genitive singular ending of certain nouns ending in *-Vxs.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-ach",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i"
},
"expansion": "-ach",
"name": "ga-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forms the genitive singular of some fifth-declension nouns"
],
"senseid": [
"ga:genitive"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əx/",
"tags": [
"Connacht",
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ax/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ah/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"word": "-ach"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Bare forms:",
"path": [
"-ach"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ach",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Forms with the definite article:",
"path": [
"-ach"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ach",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Nominative",
"path": [
"-ach"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ach",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Vocative",
"path": [
"-ach"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ach",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Genitive",
"path": [
"-ach"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ach",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Dative",
"path": [
"-ach"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ach",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.