See -stwo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "zlw-opl>-stwo>abstract",
"id": "abstract",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo\nInherited from Old Polish -stwo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ctwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dztwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-stwo n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "brat + -stwo → braterstwo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms neuter, usually abstract nouns denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or a state; -hood, -ness, -dom"
],
"id": "en--stwo-pl-suffix-fj8mgjh2",
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-dom",
"-dom"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "-stwo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "zlw-opl>-stwo>abstract",
"id": "abstract",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo\nInherited from Old Polish -stwo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-pl\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ctwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dztwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "vr"
},
"expansion": "-stwo vir",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"accp": "-stwo",
"datp": "-stwu",
"genp": "-stwa",
"insp": "-stwem",
"locp": "-stwie",
"nomp": "-stwo",
"vocp": "-stwo"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-pl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ambasador + -stwo → ambasadorstwo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix appended to words to create a title or position and their wife"
],
"id": "en--stwo-pl-suffix-xLb0J4y6",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) suffix appended to words to create a title or position and their wife"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ość"
},
{
"word": "-ota"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme",
"virile"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "-stwo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish neuter suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish virile suffixes",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "zlw-opl>-stwo>abstract",
"id": "abstract",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo\nInherited from Old Polish -stwo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ctwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dztwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "-stwo n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "brat + -stwo → braterstwo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms neuter, usually abstract nouns denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or a state; -hood, -ness, -dom"
],
"links": [
[
"-hood",
"-hood"
],
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
],
[
"-dom",
"-dom"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "-stwo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish neuter suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish virile suffixes",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "zlw-opl>-stwo>abstract",
"id": "abstract",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "-stwo"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -stwo",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tusder.\nProto-Slavic *-ьstvo\nOld Polish -stwo\nPolish -stwo\nInherited from Old Polish -stwo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-pl\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-stwo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ctwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dztwo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "vr"
},
"expansion": "-stwo vir",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"accp": "-stwo",
"datp": "-stwu",
"genp": "-stwa",
"insp": "-stwem",
"locp": "-stwie",
"nomp": "-stwo",
"vocp": "-stwo"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-pl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ość"
},
{
"word": "-ota"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ambasador + -stwo → ambasadorstwo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix appended to words to create a title or position and their wife"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) suffix appended to words to create a title or position and their wife"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"morpheme",
"virile"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "-stwo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -stwo meaning in Polish (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.