See -ee in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "object of action"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ee"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ee",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ee"
},
"expansion": "Old French -ee",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-é"
},
"expansion": "French -é",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ate",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "English -ed",
"name": "cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ee, -ē, from Anglo-Norman and Old French -ee, French -é, -ée, endings forming past participle of verbs ending in -er. Doublet of -ate. More distantly related to inherited English -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 16 15 8 13 12 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 24 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 16 5 13 10 9 1 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 25 8 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 25 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "examine + -ee → examinee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "interview + -ee → interviewee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "train + -ee → trainee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "employ + -ee → employee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to transitive verbs to form words meaning a person or thing that is the object of that verb (i.e., to whom or to which an action is done)."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-tVg6DTFa",
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ed"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 16 15 8 13 12 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 24 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 16 5 13 10 9 1 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 25 8 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 25 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "absent + -ee → absentee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "respond + -ee → respondee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stand + -ee → standee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "post + -ee → postee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to intransitive verbs to form words meaning a person or thing that is the subject of that verb (that is, who or that does an action)."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-qitEqZa3",
"links": [
[
"subject",
"subject#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(less common) Added to intransitive verbs to form words meaning a person or thing that is the subject of that verb (that is, who or that does an action)."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-or"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 15 8 13 12 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 24 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 16 5 13 10 9 1 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 25 8 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 30 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 25 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "assign + -ee → assignee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "legate + -ee → legatee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mortgage + -ee → mortgagee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form words meaning a person who is the other party to a contract or other transaction involving a person described by the corresponding word ending in -or."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-MA06NJ2x",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"contract",
"contract#Noun"
],
[
"transaction",
"transaction#English"
],
[
"-or",
"-or#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) Used to form words meaning a person who is the other party to a contract or other transaction involving a person described by the corresponding word ending in -or."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 20 30 21 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "law: forming words meaning a person who is the other party to a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aí"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 24 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 25 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "laryngectomy + -ee → laryngectomee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form words meaning a person who has undergone a particular medical procedure."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-Y1f3wwz5",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"undergo",
"undergo#English"
],
[
"medical",
"medical#English"
],
[
"procedure",
"procedure#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Used to form words meaning a person who has undergone a particular medical procedure."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 16 15 8 13 12 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 16 7 33 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 21 24 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 16 5 13 10 9 1 17 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 10 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 25 8 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 21 10 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 21 10 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 21 10 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 22 21 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 18 17 7 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 22 21 8 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 15 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 21 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 25 15 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "barge + -ee → bargee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tender + -ee → tenderee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "venereal + -ee → venerealee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Irregularly added to nouns to mean a person somehow associated with the object denoted by the noun."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-eEsnEbhL",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-të"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-atë"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ato"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-tu"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-é"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ée"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"note": "ge- (prefix) + -er m",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-es"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"plural",
"strong"
],
"word": "-en"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"weak"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ato"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ario"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aí"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ato"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ata"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "hi-",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "被"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ado"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ada"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 21 22 22 10",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ai"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 23 23 23 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-eur"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 23 23 23 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-euse"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 23 23 23 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aí"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 23 23 23 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-tore"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 23 23 23 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-trice"
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "super-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "supra-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "ultra-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "uber-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "macro-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "arch-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "over-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "mega-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "giga-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "-zilla"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "grand"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "great"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a variation on -ie and -y",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 16 15 8 13 12 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 16 20 8 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "boot + -ee → bootee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "goat + -ee → goatee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "settle + -ee → settee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form diminutives."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-en:diminutive",
"senseid": [
"en:diminutive"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "suffixes",
"translation": "suffixes",
"word": "-cule"
},
{
"word": "-el"
},
{
"word": "-et"
},
{
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"word": "-icle"
},
{
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"word": "-kin"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "-let"
},
{
"word": "-ling"
},
{
"word": "-ole"
},
{
"word": "-ule"
},
{
"word": "-y"
},
{
"english": "prefixes",
"translation": "prefixes",
"word": "mini-"
},
{
"word": "micro-"
},
{
"word": "nano-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "mini-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "micro-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "nano-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-y"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-icle"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-cule"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ule"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ole"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-cska"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-cske"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-etto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-ino"
}
]
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Chinese Pidgin English"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "derogatory"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Epenthesis",
"2": "added"
},
"expansion": "added",
"name": "lg"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely derived from broken English used by Chinese immigrants to America during the 17th to 19th centuries. The -ee was added by those speakers for final consonants in English words that do not exist in Cantonese phonology.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 16 15 8 13 12 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
11
],
[
20,
27
],
[
41,
48
],
[
41,
56
],
[
49,
56
]
],
"ref": "1897, The Outlook, volume 56, page 1044:",
"text": "\"No stealee. You no thinkee? Chinaman no thinkee stealee!\" he said, earnestly.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
123,
129
]
],
"ref": "1938, Minnesota Journal of Education, volume 19, page 52:",
"text": "A Chinaman had a toothache, and phoned a dentist for an appointment. Doctor: \"Two-thirty all right?\" Chinaman: \"Yes, tooth hurtee, all light. What time I come?\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in mimicking English as stereotypically spoken by the Chinese."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-p90xdbxv",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive, derogatory) Used in mimicking English as stereotypically spoken by the Chinese."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "no tickee, no washee"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"morpheme",
"offensive"
]
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "infinitival"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "infinitive suffix",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -y (infinitive suffix)."
],
"id": "en--ee-en-suffix-2myHGVRz",
"links": [
[
"-y",
"-y#English:_infinitival"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Slovak translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "object of action"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ee"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ee",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ee"
},
"expansion": "Old French -ee",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-é"
},
"expansion": "French -é",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ate",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "English -ed",
"name": "cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ee, -ē, from Anglo-Norman and Old French -ee, French -é, -ée, endings forming past participle of verbs ending in -er. Doublet of -ate. More distantly related to inherited English -ed.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-er"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "examine + -ee → examinee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "interview + -ee → interviewee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "train + -ee → trainee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "employ + -ee → employee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to transitive verbs to form words meaning a person or thing that is the object of that verb (i.e., to whom or to which an action is done)."
],
"links": [
[
"object",
"object#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ed"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "absent + -ee → absentee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "respond + -ee → respondee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stand + -ee → standee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "post + -ee → postee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to intransitive verbs to form words meaning a person or thing that is the subject of that verb (that is, who or that does an action)."
],
"links": [
[
"subject",
"subject#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(less common) Added to intransitive verbs to form words meaning a person or thing that is the subject of that verb (that is, who or that does an action)."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-or"
}
],
"categories": [
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "assign + -ee → assignee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "legate + -ee → legatee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mortgage + -ee → mortgagee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form words meaning a person who is the other party to a contract or other transaction involving a person described by the corresponding word ending in -or."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"contract",
"contract#Noun"
],
[
"transaction",
"transaction#English"
],
[
"-or",
"-or#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) Used to form words meaning a person who is the other party to a contract or other transaction involving a person described by the corresponding word ending in -or."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "laryngectomy + -ee → laryngectomee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form words meaning a person who has undergone a particular medical procedure."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"undergo",
"undergo#English"
],
[
"medical",
"medical#English"
],
[
"procedure",
"procedure#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Used to form words meaning a person who has undergone a particular medical procedure."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "barge + -ee → bargee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tender + -ee → tenderee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "venereal + -ee → venerealee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Irregularly added to nouns to mean a person somehow associated with the object denoted by the noun."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-të"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-atë"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ato"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-tu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-é"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ée"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"note": "ge- (prefix) + -er m",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "-es"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"plural",
"strong"
],
"word": "-en"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"weak"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ato"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ario"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ata"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "hi-",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "被"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ada"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done",
"word": "-ai"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-eur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-euse"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-tore"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming words meaning a person who or a thing that does an action, especially where a passive sense of the verb is implied",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-trice"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "law: forming words meaning a person who is the other party to a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-aí"
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "super-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "supra-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "ultra-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "uber-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "macro-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "arch-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "over-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "mega-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "giga-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "-zilla"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "grand"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “diminutive affix”",
"word": "great"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a variation on -ie and -y",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "boot + -ee → bootee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "goat + -ee → goatee",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "settle + -ee → settee",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form diminutives."
],
"senseid": [
"en:diminutive"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "suffixes",
"translation": "suffixes",
"word": "-cule"
},
{
"word": "-el"
},
{
"word": "-et"
},
{
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"word": "-icle"
},
{
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"word": "-kin"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "-let"
},
{
"word": "-ling"
},
{
"word": "-ole"
},
{
"word": "-ule"
},
{
"word": "-y"
},
{
"english": "prefixes",
"translation": "prefixes",
"word": "mini-"
},
{
"word": "micro-"
},
{
"word": "nano-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "mini-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "micro-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "nano-"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ette"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-y"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-icle"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-cule"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ule"
},
{
"tags": [
"affix",
"diminutive"
],
"word": "-ole"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-cska"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-cske"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-etto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "used to form diminutives",
"word": "-ino"
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Chinese Pidgin English"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "derogatory"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Epenthesis",
"2": "added"
},
"expansion": "added",
"name": "lg"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely derived from broken English used by Chinese immigrants to America during the 17th to 19th centuries. The -ee was added by those speakers for final consonants in English words that do not exist in Cantonese phonology.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "no tickee, no washee"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English offensive terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
11
],
[
20,
27
],
[
41,
48
],
[
41,
56
],
[
49,
56
]
],
"ref": "1897, The Outlook, volume 56, page 1044:",
"text": "\"No stealee. You no thinkee? Chinaman no thinkee stealee!\" he said, earnestly.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
123,
129
]
],
"ref": "1938, Minnesota Journal of Education, volume 19, page 52:",
"text": "A Chinaman had a toothache, and phoned a dentist for an appointment. Doctor: \"Two-thirty all right?\" Chinaman: \"Yes, tooth hurtee, all light. What time I come?\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in mimicking English as stereotypically spoken by the Chinese."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive, derogatory) Used in mimicking English as stereotypically spoken by the Chinese."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"morpheme",
"offensive"
]
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"id": "infinitival"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ee",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "infinitive suffix",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -y (infinitive suffix)."
],
"links": [
[
"-y",
"-y#English:_infinitival"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ee"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ee meaning in English (15.4kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "-ee/English/suffix: 'word' is missing and should be a non-empty string: {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"lang_code\": \"de\", \"note\": \"ge- (prefix) + -er m\", \"sense\": \"forming words meaning a person to whom or a thing to which an action is done\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ee",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (d146717 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.