See 被 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 被 meaning in Japanese (7.8kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kahi",
"ruby": [
[
"花被",
"かひ"
]
],
"word": "花被: perianth"
},
{
"english": "incurred harm",
"roman": "higai",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"害",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "被害"
},
{
"roman": "higaisha",
"word": "被害者: someone who has incurred harm: a victim"
},
{
"word": "an injured person"
},
{
"roman": "hifuku",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"服",
"ふく"
]
],
"word": "被服"
},
{
"roman": "kinukazuki",
"ruby": [
[
"衣",
"きぬ"
],
[
"被",
"かずき"
]
],
"word": "衣被"
},
{
"roman": "rinpi",
"ruby": [
[
"鱗",
"りん"
],
[
"被",
"ぴ"
]
],
"word": "鱗被: a lodicule: a small scale at the base of the ovary of a flower of a grass"
}
],
"id": "en-被-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "被"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "ひ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "被",
"3": "",
"4": "to cover",
"tr": "bjeᴴ"
},
"expansion": "被 (bjeᴴ, “to cover”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 被 (bjeᴴ, “to cover”), from the term's use in Chinese as a passive marker.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "被",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"2": "ひ"
},
"expansion": "被(ひ) • (hi-)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 18 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "employee",
"roman": "hiyōsha",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"傭者",
"ようしゃ"
]
],
"text": "被傭者"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"験者",
"けんしゃ"
]
],
"text": "被験者\nhikensha\nexaminee"
},
{
"english": "minuend (number which is reduced)",
"roman": "higensū",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"減数",
"げんすう"
]
],
"text": "被減数"
},
{
"english": "protectorate (protected nation)",
"roman": "hihogokoku",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"保護国",
"ほごこく"
]
],
"text": "被保護国"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ed, -ee (marks the passive recipient of an action)"
],
"id": "en-被-ja-prefix-7VBKEfnc",
"links": [
[
"-ed",
"-ed"
],
[
"-ee",
"-ee"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[çi]"
}
],
"word": "被"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "continuative or stem form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "被う",
"3": "",
"4": "to cover",
"tr": "ōu"
},
"expansion": "被う (ōu, “to cover”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 被う (ōu, “to cover”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "被",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"おおい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ōi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ofoi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ofofi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "おほい",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "おおい",
"hhira": "おほい,おほひ"
},
"expansion": "被(おおい) • (ōi) ^(←おほい,おほひ (ofoi, ofofi)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 18 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 36 21 24 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a covering"
],
"id": "en-被-ja-noun-EqsNx7GD",
"links": [
[
"covering",
"covering"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 18 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the act of covering something"
],
"id": "en-被-ja-noun-j7l7utVB",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"covering",
"covering"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 18 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 19 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a protector or patron"
],
"id": "en-被-ja-noun-NRna7slK",
"links": [
[
"protector",
"protector"
],
[
"patron",
"patron"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a protector or patron"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "おおい"
},
{
"other": "おおい"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞ːi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "被"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading び",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ひ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading おお-う",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かがふ-る",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かず-かる",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かず-く",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かず-ける",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かぶ-さる",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かぶ-す",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かぶ-せる",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かぶ-る",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かむ-る",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading き-せる",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading こうぶ-る",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading こうむ-る",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading ふすま",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading ぎぬ",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 被",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kahi",
"ruby": [
[
"花被",
"かひ"
]
],
"word": "花被: perianth"
},
{
"english": "incurred harm",
"roman": "higai",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"害",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "被害"
},
{
"roman": "higaisha",
"word": "被害者: someone who has incurred harm: a victim"
},
{
"word": "an injured person"
},
{
"roman": "hifuku",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"服",
"ふく"
]
],
"word": "被服"
},
{
"roman": "kinukazuki",
"ruby": [
[
"衣",
"きぬ"
],
[
"被",
"かずき"
]
],
"word": "衣被"
},
{
"roman": "rinpi",
"ruby": [
[
"鱗",
"りん"
],
[
"被",
"ぴ"
]
],
"word": "鱗被: a lodicule: a small scale at the base of the ovary of a flower of a grass"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "被"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese prefixes",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 被",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "ひ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "被",
"3": "",
"4": "to cover",
"tr": "bjeᴴ"
},
"expansion": "被 (bjeᴴ, “to cover”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 被 (bjeᴴ, “to cover”), from the term's use in Chinese as a passive marker.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "被",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"2": "ひ"
},
"expansion": "被(ひ) • (hi-)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "employee",
"roman": "hiyōsha",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"傭者",
"ようしゃ"
]
],
"text": "被傭者"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"験者",
"けんしゃ"
]
],
"text": "被験者\nhikensha\nexaminee"
},
{
"english": "minuend (number which is reduced)",
"roman": "higensū",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"減数",
"げんすう"
]
],
"text": "被減数"
},
{
"english": "protectorate (protected nation)",
"roman": "hihogokoku",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"ひ"
],
[
"保護国",
"ほごこく"
]
],
"text": "被保護国"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ed, -ee (marks the passive recipient of an action)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ed",
"-ed"
],
[
"-ee",
"-ee"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[çi]"
}
],
"word": "被"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 被",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "continuative or stem form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "被う",
"3": "",
"4": "to cover",
"tr": "ōu"
},
"expansion": "被う (ōu, “to cover”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 被う (ōu, “to cover”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "被",
"ruby": [
[
"被",
"おおい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ōi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ofoi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ofofi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "おほい",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "おおい",
"hhira": "おほい,おほひ"
},
"expansion": "被(おおい) • (ōi) ^(←おほい,おほひ (ofoi, ofofi)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a covering"
],
"links": [
[
"covering",
"covering"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the act of covering something"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"covering",
"covering"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a protector or patron"
],
"links": [
[
"protector",
"protector"
],
[
"patron",
"patron"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a protector or patron"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "おおい"
},
{
"other": "おおい"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞ːi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "被"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"被"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "被",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"被"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "被",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"被"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "被",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: おほひ (ofoi, ofofi)?",
"path": [
"被"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "被",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.