See -ier in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"4": "-er",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "From -y + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -y + -er.",
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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"_dis": "62 38",
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{
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"name": "English terms suffixed with -er",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 20 14 9 9 8",
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dicey → dicier; clayey → clayier; gluey → gluier; happy → happier; scary → scarier; tomatoey → tomatoier"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spelling of the suffix sequence -y followed by -er, or of any word ending in -(e)y suffixed with -er."
],
"id": "en--ier-en-suffix-K7Y2DIAL",
"links": [
[
"-y",
"-y#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ied"
},
{
"word": "-iest"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
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}
],
"word": "-ier"
}
{
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"expansion": "Middle English -ier",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"1": "enm",
"2": "clothyer"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clothyer",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "French -ier",
"name": "bor"
},
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"4": "-eer",
"5": "-yer"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ar, -ary, -eer, and -yer",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ier, -iere from verbs ending in -ien + -ere, later extended to form other nouns (e.g. Middle English clothyer, glasiere, lovier, tiliere). Later reinforced by Middle French and modern French -ier, largely in words more recently borrowed from or influenced by French (e.g. cashier, financier, etc.). Doublet of -ar, -ary, -eer, and -yer.",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "clothier, perfumier"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns denoting occupations, particularly with words from French."
],
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"occupation",
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]
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"word": "-ier"
}
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
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"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
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"English terms suffixed with -y",
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"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -y + -er.",
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},
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dicey → dicier; clayey → clayier; gluey → gluier; happy → happier; scary → scarier; tomatoey → tomatoier"
}
],
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"spelling of the suffix sequence -y followed by -er, or of any word ending in -(e)y suffixed with -er."
],
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[
"-y",
"-y#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English"
]
],
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"morpheme"
]
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],
"word": "-ier"
}
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
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"Pages with 10 entries",
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],
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},
"expansion": "Middle English -ier",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clothyer"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clothyer",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
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},
"expansion": "French -ier",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "-ar<id:occupation>",
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"4": "-eer",
"5": "-yer"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ar, -ary, -eer, and -yer",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -ier, -iere from verbs ending in -ien + -ere, later extended to form other nouns (e.g. Middle English clothyer, glasiere, lovier, tiliere). Later reinforced by Middle French and modern French -ier, largely in words more recently borrowed from or influenced by French (e.g. cashier, financier, etc.). Doublet of -ar, -ary, -eer, and -yer.",
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{
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"expansion": "-ier",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "clothier, perfumier"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns denoting occupations, particularly with words from French."
],
"links": [
[
"occupation",
"occupation#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:occupation"
],
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}
],
"word": "-ier"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ier meaning in English (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.