See -ial in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
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"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
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"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ial\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ial",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ial",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English -ial",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1",
"2": "d",
"3": "D"
},
"expansion": "d",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "derived"
},
"expansion": "derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ial",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French -ial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ial",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "derived from Old French -ial",
"name": "der+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1",
"2": "d",
"3": "D"
},
"expansion": "d",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "derived"
},
"expansion": "derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "derived from Latin -ālis",
"name": "der+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-i-",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "-i- + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "-ial (noun-forming suffix, plural -ials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-i",
"al"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun from a verb ending in -y."
],
"links": [
[
"-y",
"-y#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "-ē-əl"
},
{
"ipa": "/-iː.əl/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-i.əl/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-iː.al/",
"tags": [
"India"
]
}
],
"word": "-ial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ial meaning in English (10.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ial"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ial",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ial"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ial",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.