"-ial" meaning in English

See -ial in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /-iː.əl/ [Australia, New-Zealand, Received-Pronunciation], /-i.əl/ [Canada, General-American, Scotland], /-iː.al/ [India]
enPR: -ē-əl Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisder. Old French -ialder. Middle English -ial English -ial Inherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al. Etymology templates: {{etymon|en|:inh|enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisder. Old French -ialder. Middle English -ial English -ial [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₂élis", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-ial", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ial", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ial", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="-ial">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|en|enm|-ial|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle English -ial, {{inh+|en|enm|-ial}} Inherited from Middle English -ial, {{yesno|1|d|D}} d, {{glossary|derived terms|derived}} derived, {{der|en|fro|-ial|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French -ial, {{der+|en|fro|-ial|nocap=1}} derived from Old French -ial, {{yesno|1|d|D}} d, {{glossary|derived terms|derived}} derived, {{der|en|la|-ālis|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin -ālis, {{der+|en|la|-ālis|nocap=1}} derived from Latin -ālis, {{af|en|-i-|-al}} -i- + -al Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} -ial (adjective-forming suffix, not comparable)
  1. Alternative form of -al. Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme, not-comparable Alternative form of: -al
    Sense id: en--ial-en-suffix--Im9EX91 Categories (other): English terms suffixed with -al Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -al: 58 42

Suffix

IPA: /-iː.əl/ [Australia, New-Zealand, Received-Pronunciation], /-i.əl/ [Canada, General-American, Scotland], /-iː.al/ [India] Forms: -ials [plural]
enPR: -ē-əl Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisder. Old French -ialder. Middle English -ial English -ial Inherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al. Etymology templates: {{etymon|en|:inh|enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisder. Old French -ialder. Middle English -ial English -ial [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₂élis", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-ial", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ial", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ial", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="-ial">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|en|enm|-ial|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle English -ial, {{inh+|en|enm|-ial}} Inherited from Middle English -ial, {{yesno|1|d|D}} d, {{glossary|derived terms|derived}} derived, {{der|en|fro|-ial|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French -ial, {{der+|en|fro|-ial|nocap=1}} derived from Old French -ial, {{yesno|1|d|D}} d, {{glossary|derived terms|derived}} derived, {{der|en|la|-ālis|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin -ālis, {{der+|en|la|-ālis|nocap=1}} derived from Latin -ālis, {{af|en|-i-|-al}} -i- + -al Head templates: {{en-noun|s}} -ial (noun-forming suffix, plural -ials)
  1. Forms a noun from a verb ending in -y. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ial-en-suffix-cbYz01Od Categories (other): English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms interfixed with -i-, Pages using catfix, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 0 100 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 0 100 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 0 100 Disambiguation of English terms interfixed with -i-: 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 0 100 0 0 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 0 100 0 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 100 0 0 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 0 100

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ial\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ial",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Old French -ial",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-i-",
        "3": "-al"
      },
      "expansion": "-i- + -al",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "-ial (adjective-forming suffix, not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "-i",
        "al"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-al"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "baron + -ial → baronial",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -al."
      ],
      "id": "en--ial-en-suffix--Im9EX91",
      "links": [
        [
          "-al",
          "-al#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "-ē-əl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "New-Zealand",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-i.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American",
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.al/",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ial"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ial\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ial",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Old French -ial",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-i-",
        "3": "-al"
      },
      "expansion": "-i- + -al",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ials",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "-ial (noun-forming suffix, plural -ials)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "-i",
        "al"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms interfixed with -i-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms a noun from a verb ending in -y."
      ],
      "id": "en--ial-en-suffix-cbYz01Od",
      "links": [
        [
          "-y",
          "-y#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "-ē-əl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "New-Zealand",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-i.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American",
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.al/",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ial"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjective-forming suffixes",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English noun-forming suffixes",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms interfixed with -i-",
    "English terms suffixed with -al",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ial\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ial",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Old French -ial",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-i-",
        "3": "-al"
      },
      "expansion": "-i- + -al",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "-ial (adjective-forming suffix, not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "-i",
        "al"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-al"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "baron + -ial → baronial",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -al."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-al",
          "-al#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "-ē-əl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "New-Zealand",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-i.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American",
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.al/",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ial"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjective-forming suffixes",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English noun-forming suffixes",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms interfixed with -i-",
    "English terms suffixed with -al",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-ial<ety:der<fro:-ial<ety:der<la:-ālis>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ial\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ial"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English -ial",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ial",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ial",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Old French -ial",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1",
        "2": "d",
        "3": "D"
      },
      "expansion": "d",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "derived terms",
        "2": "derived"
      },
      "expansion": "derived",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ālis",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "derived from Latin -ālis",
      "name": "der+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-i-",
        "3": "-al"
      },
      "expansion": "-i- + -al",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nInherited from Middle English -ial, derived from Old French -ial, derived from Latin -ālis after radical in -ius, -ia, -ium. Equivalent to -i- + -al.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ials",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "-ial (noun-forming suffix, plural -ials)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "-i",
        "al"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Forms a noun from a verb ending in -y."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-y",
          "-y#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "-ē-əl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "New-Zealand",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-i.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American",
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iː.al/",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ial"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ial meaning in English (10.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
  "path": [
    "-ial"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-ial",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
  "path": [
    "-ial"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-ial",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.