See ail in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ailsome"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eilen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eilen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġlan"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġlan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aglijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aglijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aglijaną",
"t": "to trouble, vex"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "to distress"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eilen, from Old English eġlan, eġlian (“to trouble, afflict”), from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan, from Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”), cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ailing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ailed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ailed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (third-person singular simple present ails, present participle ailing, simple past and past participle ailed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 32 44 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 72 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 66 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 78 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 76 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 67 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 66 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 76 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 71 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 74 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 83 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 77 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 70 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 70 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 71 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 76 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 77 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 70 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 76 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 20 53 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grains",
"orig": "en:Grains",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Grasses",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Commelinids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Plants",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Lifeforms",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Have some chicken soup. It's good for what ails you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 21:17:",
"text": "What aileth thee, Hagar?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, “Connubial bliss in America”, in The Economist:",
"text": "Not content with having in 1996 put a Defence of Marriage Act (DOMA) on the statue book, Congress has now begun to hold hearings on a Respect for Marriage Act. Defended, respected: what could possibly ail marriage in America?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.)"
],
"id": "en-ail-en-verb-JyGxfev0",
"links": [
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaḏḏaba",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "عَذَّبَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "boli",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "боли"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezpokoi",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "безпокои"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trápit"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "schelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "mankeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "vaivata"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "manquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "faillir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "weh tun"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "plagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "affliggere"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trevóžitʹ",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "трево́жить"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bespokóitʹ",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "беспоко́ить"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trápiť"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "aquejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 13",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "afligir"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1740, Samuel Richardson, Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded:",
"text": "When he ails ever so little […] he is so peevish.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be ill; to suffer; to be troubled."
],
"id": "en-ail-en-verb-Xl~R3g~6",
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"troubled",
"troubled"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be ill; to suffer; to be troubled."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bolen sǎm",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "болен съм"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nerazpoložen sǎm",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "неразположен съм"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "ziek zijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "iets mankeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "sukkelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "sairastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "être malade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "souffrir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "kränklich sein"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "leiden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "krank sein"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "kränkeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "siukan",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "noséō",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "νοσέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "sirgt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "boleduva",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "боледува"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "estar doente/aflito"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be ill",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "a boli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bolétʹ",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "боле́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedomogátʹ",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "недомога́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "padecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "adolecer"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eilen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eilen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġlan"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġlan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aglijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aglijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aglijaną",
"t": "to trouble, vex"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "to distress"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eilen, from Old English eġlan, eġlian (“to trouble, afflict”), from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan, from Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”), cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (plural ails)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An ailment; trouble; illness."
],
"id": "en-ail-en-noun-wPhBpa76",
"links": [
[
"ailment",
"ailment"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An ailment; trouble; illness."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bolka",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"word": "болка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bolest",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"word": "болест"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"word": "vaiva"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Krankheit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Leiden"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enfermedad"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eyle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eyle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġle",
"4": "",
"5": "hideous, loathsome, hateful, horrid, troublesome, grievous, painful"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġle (“hideous, loathsome, hateful, horrid, troublesome, grievous, painful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, difficult"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃 (aglus, “hard, difficult”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eyle, eile, from Old English eġle (“hideous, loathsome, hateful, horrid, troublesome, grievous, painful”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃 (aglus, “hard, difficult”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ailer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more ail",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ailest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ail",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "ail (comparative ailer or more ail, superlative ailest or most ail)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Painful; troublesome."
],
"id": "en-ail-en-adj-2QudZReo",
"links": [
[
"Painful",
"painful"
],
[
"troublesome",
"troublesome"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Painful; troublesome."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eile",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġl",
"4": "",
"5": "an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġl (“an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*agilō",
"4": "",
"5": "awn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *agilō (“awn”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Achel"
},
"expansion": "German Achel",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eile, eyle, eiȝle, from Old English eġl (“an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote”), from Proto-Germanic *agilō (“awn”), related to *ahaz (“ear (of grain)”). Cognate with German Achel, Egel, Ägel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (plural ails)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The awn of barley or other types of corn."
],
"id": "en-ail-en-noun-XyEsdhw9",
"links": [
[
"awn",
"awn"
],
[
"barley",
"barley"
],
[
"corn",
"corn"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ile"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Friedrich Kluge",
"John Francis Davis"
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Grains"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ailsome"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eilen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eilen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġlan"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġlan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aglijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aglijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aglijaną",
"t": "to trouble, vex"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "to distress"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eilen, from Old English eġlan, eġlian (“to trouble, afflict”), from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan, from Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”), cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ailing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ailed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ailed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (third-person singular simple present ails, present participle ailing, simple past and past participle ailed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Have some chicken soup. It's good for what ails you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 21:17:",
"text": "What aileth thee, Hagar?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, “Connubial bliss in America”, in The Economist:",
"text": "Not content with having in 1996 put a Defence of Marriage Act (DOMA) on the statue book, Congress has now begun to hold hearings on a Respect for Marriage Act. Defended, respected: what could possibly ail marriage in America?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.)"
],
"links": [
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to suffer; to trouble, afflict. (Now chiefly in interrogative or indefinite constructions.)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1740, Samuel Richardson, Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded:",
"text": "When he ails ever so little […] he is so peevish.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be ill; to suffer; to be troubled."
],
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"troubled",
"troubled"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be ill; to suffer; to be troubled."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaḏḏaba",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "عَذَّبَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "boli",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "боли"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezpokoi",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "безпокои"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trápit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "schelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "mankeren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "vaivata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "manquer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "faillir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "weh tun"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "plagen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "affliggere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trevóžitʹ",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "трево́жить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bespokóitʹ",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "беспоко́ить"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trápiť"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "aquejar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to suffer",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bolen sǎm",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "болен съм"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nerazpoložen sǎm",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "неразположен съм"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "ziek zijn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "iets mankeren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "sukkelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "sairastaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "être malade"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "souffrir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "kränklich sein"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "leiden"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "krank sein"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "kränkeln"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "siukan",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "noséō",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "νοσέω"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "sirgt"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "boleduva",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "боледува"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "estar doente/aflito"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be ill",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "a boli"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bolétʹ",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "боле́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedomogátʹ",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "недомога́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "padecer"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be ill",
"word": "adolecer"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Grains"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eilen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eilen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġlan"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġlan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aglijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aglijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aglijaną",
"t": "to trouble, vex"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "to distress"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eilen, from Old English eġlan, eġlian (“to trouble, afflict”), from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan, from Proto-Germanic *aglijaną (“to trouble, vex”), cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “to distress”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (plural ails)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An ailment; trouble; illness."
],
"links": [
[
"ailment",
"ailment"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An ailment; trouble; illness."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bolka",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"word": "болка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bolest",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"word": "болест"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"word": "vaiva"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Krankheit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Leiden"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "An ailment; trouble; illness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enfermedad"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Grains"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eyle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eyle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġle",
"4": "",
"5": "hideous, loathsome, hateful, horrid, troublesome, grievous, painful"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġle (“hideous, loathsome, hateful, horrid, troublesome, grievous, painful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, difficult"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃 (aglus, “hard, difficult”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eyle, eile, from Old English eġle (“hideous, loathsome, hateful, horrid, troublesome, grievous, painful”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃 (aglus, “hard, difficult”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ailer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more ail",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ailest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ail",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "ail (comparative ailer or more ail, superlative ailest or most ail)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Painful; troublesome."
],
"links": [
[
"Painful",
"painful"
],
[
"troublesome",
"troublesome"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Painful; troublesome."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Grains"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eile",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġl",
"4": "",
"5": "an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġl (“an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*agilō",
"4": "",
"5": "awn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *agilō (“awn”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Achel"
},
"expansion": "German Achel",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eile, eyle, eiȝle, from Old English eġl (“an ail; awn; beard of barley; mote”), from Proto-Germanic *agilō (“awn”), related to *ahaz (“ear (of grain)”). Cognate with German Achel, Egel, Ägel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (plural ails)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The awn of barley or other types of corn."
],
"links": [
[
"awn",
"awn"
],
[
"barley",
"barley"
],
[
"corn",
"corn"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ail.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ail.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "ale"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ile"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Friedrich Kluge",
"John Francis Davis"
],
"word": "ail"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ail meaning in English (16.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.