"-ly" meaning in English

See -ly in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /li/, [liː] [UK], [lɪ] [Received-Pronunciation], [li] [US], [ɫiː] [New-Zealand] Audio: en-us--ly.ogg
Etymology: From Middle English -ly, -li, -lik, -lich, from Old English -līċ, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk, from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“having the body or form of”), from *līką (“body”) (whence lich). In form, probably influenced by Old Norse -ligr (“-ly”) (Norwegian Bokmål -lig, Faroese -ligur, Icelandic -legur). Cognate with Dutch -lijk, German -lich, Danish -lig and Swedish -lig. Doublet of -like. Etymology templates: {{etymid|en|adjectival}}, {{root|en|ine-pro|*leyg-|id=like}}, {{inh|en|enm|-ly}} Middle English -ly, {{inh|en|ang|-līċ}} Old English -līċ, {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*-līk}} Proto-West Germanic *-līk, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*-līkaz||having the body or form of}} Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“having the body or form of”), {{cog|non|-ligr|t=-ly}} Old Norse -ligr (“-ly”), {{cog|nl|-lijk}} Dutch -lijk, {{cog|de|-lich}} German -lich, {{cog|da|-lig}} Danish -lig, {{cog|sv|-lig}} Swedish -lig, {{doublet|en|-like}} Doublet of -like Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes|cat3=productive suffixes|head=|id=}} -ly, {{en-suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes|cat3=productive suffixes}} -ly
  1. Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of "behaving like, or having a nature typical of what is denoted by the noun" Similar in meaning to -like but most often paired with animate nouns. Tags: morpheme Translations (forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense "similar to, like, characteristic of"): (di) (Chinese Mandarin), (de) (note: somewhat similar) (Chinese Mandarin), -lig (Danish), -agtig (Danish), -achtig (Dutch), -lijk (Dutch), -ig (Dutch), -a (Esperanto), -ligur (Faroese), -mainen (Finnish), -ment (French), -oso [masculine] (Galician), -mente (Galician), -ური (-uri) (Georgian), -ული (-uli) (Georgian), -lich (German), -ig (German), -isch (German), -haft (German), -s (Hungarian), -os (Hungarian), -as (Hungarian), -es (Hungarian), -ös (Hungarian), -i (Hungarian), -ias (Hungarian), -ies (Hungarian), -legur (Icelandic), -atra (Ido), -ly (Middle English), -ane (Northern Kurdish), -līċ (Old English), مآبانه (-me-âbâne) (Persian), -oso (Portuguese), -ento (Portuguese), -mente (Portuguese), -ский (-skij) (note: phonetic changes and additions occur) [adjective] (Russian), -ски (-ski) [adverb] (Russian), -ně (Serbo-Croatian), -oso (Spanish), -mente [neuter] (Spanish), -aktig (Swedish), -artad (Swedish), -lig (Swedish), -isk (Swedish), -ca (Turkish), -ça (Turkish), -ce (Turkish), -çe (Turkish), -cıl (Turkish), -çıl (Turkish), -cil (Turkish), -çil (Turkish), -ی (-ī) (Urdu), -us (Welsh)
    Sense id: en--ly-en-suffix-ZFXJf0bD Disambiguation of 'forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense "similar to, like, characteristic of"': 42 33 25
  2. Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of "appearing like, resembling, or having the likeness of what is denoted by the noun". Tags: morpheme Synonyms (likeness or resemblance): -oid
    Sense id: en--ly-en-suffix-99jPtXuM Disambiguation of 'likeness or resemblance': 25 61 13
  3. Used to form adjectives from nouns specifying time intervals, the adjectives having the sense of "occurring at such intervals". Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ly-en-suffix-5qG4lVhz Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ainu translations, Terms with Aragonese translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Igbo translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Middle English translations, Terms with Mongolian translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Neapolitan translations, Terms with Norman translations, Terms with Northern Kurdish translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Urdu translations, Terms with Walloon translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 27 12 51 10 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 24 15 47 14 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 14 7 28 7 8 12 8 17 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 14 7 34 7 8 8 8 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 15 7 31 6 7 9 7 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Ainu translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Aragonese translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 24 16 44 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 21 13 55 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 23 16 46 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 22 14 51 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Faroese translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 22 15 47 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 24 15 45 15 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 23 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 24 16 43 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 25 16 43 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 22 13 53 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Igbo translations: 23 14 50 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 22 14 51 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 22 14 51 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 22 14 51 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 25 17 41 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Middle English translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Mongolian translations: 21 13 53 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Navajo translations: 23 14 49 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Neapolitan translations: 24 14 50 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norman translations: 24 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Kurdish translations: 25 12 63 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 23 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 26 15 45 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 23 16 45 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 23 17 43 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 24 15 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 22 14 51 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 28 18 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 23 13 52 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 24 15 47 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 24 15 47 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Urdu translations: 26 18 56 Disambiguation of Terms with Walloon translations: 24 16 46 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 26 18 56
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Translations (forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense "occurring at such intervals"): -lig (Danish), -lijks (Dutch), -i (Hungarian), -ane (Northern Kurdish), -lig (Swedish), -lik (Turkish)
Etymology number: 1 Synonyms: -ish, -like, -y, quasi-, para-, -form, -iform, -esque, -some Synonyms (forms adjectives from nouns only): -like Synonyms (restricted to casual registers): -ass Synonyms (suggesting degree): -ous, -some Disambiguation of 'forms adjectives from nouns only': 35 35 31 Disambiguation of 'restricted to casual registers': 33 33 34 Disambiguation of 'suggesting degree': 33 35 32 Derived forms: beastly, friendly, manly, niggardly, bloomly, priestly, bimonthly, biweekly, daily, fortnightly, hourly, monthly, weekly, yearly Disambiguation of 'forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense "occurring at such intervals"': 32 31 37

Suffix

IPA: /li/, [liː] [UK], [lɪ] [Received-Pronunciation], [li] [US], [ɫiː] [New-Zealand] Audio: en-us--ly.ogg
Etymology: From Middle English -ly, -li, -liche, from Old English -līċe. Etymology templates: {{etymid|en|adverbial}}, {{root|en|ine-pro|*leyg-|id=like}}, {{inh|en|enm|-ly}} Middle English -ly, {{inh|en|ang|-līċe}} Old English -līċe Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=adverb-forming suffixes|cat3=|head=|id=adverb}} -ly, {{en-suffix|cat2=adverb-forming suffixes|id=adverb}} -ly
  1. Used to form adverbs from adjectives and nouns. Tags: morpheme Derived forms: -ally Translations (used to form adverbs from adjectives): no (Ainu), -mén (Aragonese), -բար (-bar) (Armenian), -որեն (-oren) (Armenian), -mente (Asturian), -eki (Basque), -ment (Catalan), (de) (note: similar function, but used in different ways) (Chinese Mandarin), (Czech), no change in form) (note: (the adverb is usually the same as the adjective) (Dutch), -erwijs (Dutch), -lijk (Dutch), -jes (Dutch), genoeg (note: following the adjective) (Dutch), -e (Esperanto), -lt (Estonian), -liga (Faroese), -sti [manner] (Finnish), -ment (French), -mente (Galician), -ად (-ad) (Georgian), -დ (-d) (Georgian), -ურად (-urad) (Georgian), -ულად (-ulad) (Georgian), -erweise (note: forms adverbs that modify phrases or sentences) (German), -lich (German), (-a) (Greek), -ως (-os) (note: each replacing the final syllable of the adjective) (Greek), ב- (be-/bi-) (note: adverbs are formed from nouns, rather than adjectives) (Hebrew), -an (Hungarian), -en (Hungarian), -lag (Hungarian), -leg (Hungarian), -l (Hungarian), -ul (Hungarian), -ül (Hungarian), -lega (Icelandic), -e (Ido), na (Igbo), -mente (Italian), ...く (-ku) (alt: い-adjectives drop い, add く) (Japanese), ...に (-ni) (alt: な-adjectives drop な, add に) (Japanese), -ē (Latin), -iter (Latin), -i (Latvian), -i (Lithuanian), -о (-o) (Macedonian), -ly (Middle English), -хан (-xan) (Mongolian), -go (Navajo), -mente (Neapolitan), -ment (Norman), -ment (Occitan), -e (Old English), -līċe (Old English), ـانه (-âne) (Persian), ـیها (-ihâ) (Persian), -o (Polish), -mente (Portuguese), (-o) (Russian), (-e) (Russian), по-...-ски (po-...-ski) (alt: forming adverbs from -ский adjectives) (Russian), -ски (-ski) (Russian), -mente (Spanish), -t (Swedish), bir şekilde (Turkish), -ce (Turkish), -ca (Turkish), -çe (Turkish), -ça (Turkish), -mint (Walloon)
    Sense id: en--ly-en-suffix-en:adverb
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "beastly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "friendly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "manly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "niggardly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bloomly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "priestly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bimonthly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "biweekly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "daily"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "fortnightly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hourly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "monthly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "weekly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "yearly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adjectival"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "id": "like"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ly",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-līċ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -līċ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-līk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-līk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-līkaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "having the body or form of"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“having the body or form of”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "-ligr",
        "t": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse -ligr (“-ly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-lijk"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -lijk",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-lich"
      },
      "expansion": "German -lich",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-lig"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -lig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-lig"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -lig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-like"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of -like",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -ly, -li, -lik, -lich, from Old English -līċ, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk, from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“having the body or form of”), from *līką (“body”) (whence lich). In form, probably influenced by Old Norse -ligr (“-ly”) (Norwegian Bokmål -lig, Faroese -ligur, Icelandic -legur). Cognate with Dutch -lijk, German -lich, Danish -lig and Swedish -lig. Doublet of -like.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "productive suffixes",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "productive suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "man + -ly → manly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "friend + -ly → friendly",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of \"behaving like, or having a nature typical of what is denoted by the noun\" Similar in meaning to -like but most often paired with animate nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--ly-en-suffix-ZFXJf0bD",
      "links": [
        [
          "adjective",
          "adjective#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ],
        [
          "behaving",
          "behaving#English"
        ],
        [
          "like",
          "like#English"
        ],
        [
          "nature",
          "nature#English"
        ],
        [
          "typical",
          "typical#English"
        ],
        [
          "-like",
          "-like#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "di",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "地"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "note": "somewhat similar",
          "roman": "de",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-lig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-agtig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-achtig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-lijk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-a"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ligur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-mainen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ment"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "-oso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-uri",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ური"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-uli",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ული"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-lich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-isch"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-haft"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-s"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-os"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-as"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-es"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ös"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ias"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ies"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-legur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-atra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ane"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ly"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-līċ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "-me-âbâne",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "مآبانه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-oso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "note": "phonetic changes and additions occur",
          "roman": "-skij",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "tags": [
            "adjective"
          ],
          "word": "-ский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-ski",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "tags": [
            "adverb"
          ],
          "word": "-ски"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ně"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-oso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-aktig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-artad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-lig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-isk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ça"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ce"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-çe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-cıl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-çıl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-cil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-çil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "-ī",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-ی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 33 25",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
          "word": "-us"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bloom + -ly → bloomly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "priest + -ly → priestly",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of \"appearing like, resembling, or having the likeness of what is denoted by the noun\"."
      ],
      "id": "en--ly-en-suffix-99jPtXuM",
      "links": [
        [
          "appearing",
          "appearing#English"
        ],
        [
          "like",
          "like#English"
        ],
        [
          "resembling",
          "resembling#English"
        ],
        [
          "likeness",
          "likeness#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "25 61 13",
          "sense": "likeness or resemblance",
          "word": "-oid"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 12 51 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 15 47 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 7 28 7 8 12 8 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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        {
          "_dis": "14 7 34 7 8 8 8 16",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ainu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Aragonese translations",
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        {
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        {
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 44 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 13 55 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 46 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 14 51 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "23 16 45 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "23 16 45 16",
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        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 15 47 15",
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          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 15 45 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 46 15",
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          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 43 17",
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          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 16 43 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 13 53 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ido translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 14 50 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Igbo translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 14 51 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 14 51 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 14 51 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 45 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 45 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 45 16",
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          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "25 17 41 16",
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Middle English translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "21 13 53 13",
          "kind": "other",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 14 49 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 14 50 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Neapolitan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 45 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norman translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 12 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 15 45 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Old English translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 45 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 17 43 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 15 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 14 51 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 18 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 13 52 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 15 47 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 15 47 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 18 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 46 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 18 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "month + -ly → monthly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "day + -ly → daily",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adjectives from nouns specifying time intervals, the adjectives having the sense of \"occurring at such intervals\"."
      ],
      "id": "en--ly-en-suffix-5qG4lVhz",
      "links": [
        [
          "occurring",
          "occurring#English"
        ],
        [
          "interval",
          "interval#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/li/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us--ly.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg/En-us--ly.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[liː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lɪ]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[li]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɫiː]",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ish"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-like"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-y"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "quasi-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "para-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-form"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-iform"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-esque"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-some"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "33 35 32",
      "sense": "suggesting degree",
      "word": "-ous"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "33 35 32",
      "sense": "suggesting degree",
      "word": "-some"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "33 33 34",
      "sense": "restricted to casual registers",
      "word": "-ass"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 35 31",
      "sense": "forms adjectives from nouns only",
      "word": "-like"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lig"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lijks"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "note": "-ttainen (combination of two suffixes for adjectives; only the first suffix for adverbs)",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\""
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "note": "-nkénti/-onkénti/-ankénti/-enkénti/-önkénti",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\""
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-ane"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lig"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "32 31 37",
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lik"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ly"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adverbial"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "id": "like"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ly",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-līċe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -līċe",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -ly, -li, -liche, from Old English -līċe.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
        "id": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "-ally"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "sudden + -ly → suddenly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "eerie + -ly → eerily",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "year + -ly → yearly",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adverbs from adjectives and nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--ly-en-suffix-en:adverb",
      "links": [
        [
          "adverb",
          "adverb#English"
        ],
        [
          "adjective",
          "adjective#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:adverb"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ain",
          "lang": "Ainu",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "no"
        },
        {
          "code": "an",
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mén"
        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "-bar",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-բար"
        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "-oren",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-որեն"
        },
        {
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-eki"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ment"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "note": "similar function, but used in different ways",
          "roman": "de",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "地"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ě"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "note": "-t (or, with some adjectives, no suffix at all)",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "note": "(the adverb is usually the same as the adjective",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "no change in form)"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-erwijs"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-lijk"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-jes"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "note": "following the adjective",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "genoeg"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-e"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-lt"
        },
        {
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-liga"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "topics": [
            "manner"
          ],
          "word": "-sti"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "note": "-n (extent: the genitive form of the adjective)",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ment"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-ad",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ად"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-d",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-დ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-urad",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ურად"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-ulad",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ულად"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "note": "forms adverbs that modify phrases or sentences",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-erweise"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-lich"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "-a",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-α"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "note": "each replacing the final syllable of the adjective",
          "roman": "-os",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ως"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "note": "adverbs are formed from nouns, rather than adjectives",
          "roman": "be-/bi-",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "ב-"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-an"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-en"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-lag"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-leg"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-l"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ul"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ül"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-lega"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-e"
        },
        {
          "code": "ig",
          "lang": "Igbo",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "na"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "alt": "い-adjectives drop い, add く",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "-ku",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "...く"
        },
        {
          "alt": "な-adjectives drop な, add に",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "-ni",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "...に"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ē"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-iter"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "-o",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-о"
        },
        {
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ly"
        },
        {
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "-xan",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-хан"
        },
        {
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-go"
        },
        {
          "code": "nap",
          "lang": "Neapolitan",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ment"
        },
        {
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ment"
        },
        {
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-e"
        },
        {
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-līċe"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "-âne",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "ـانه"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "-ihâ",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "ـیها"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-o"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-o",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-о"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-e",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-е"
        },
        {
          "alt": "forming adverbs from -ский adjectives",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "po-...-ski",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "по-...-ски"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-ski",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ски"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mente"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-t"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "bir şekilde"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ce"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ca"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-çe"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-ça"
        },
        {
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
          "word": "-mint"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/li/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us--ly.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg/En-us--ly.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[liː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lɪ]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[li]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɫiː]",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ly"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjective-forming suffixes",
    "English adverb-forming suffixes",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English productive suffixes",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (like)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (like)",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Ainu translations",
    "Terms with Aragonese translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Igbo translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Middle English translations",
    "Terms with Mongolian translations",
    "Terms with Navajo translations",
    "Terms with Neapolitan translations",
    "Terms with Norman translations",
    "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Urdu translations",
    "Terms with Walloon translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "beastly"
    },
    {
      "word": "friendly"
    },
    {
      "word": "manly"
    },
    {
      "word": "niggardly"
    },
    {
      "word": "bloomly"
    },
    {
      "word": "priestly"
    },
    {
      "word": "bimonthly"
    },
    {
      "word": "biweekly"
    },
    {
      "word": "daily"
    },
    {
      "word": "fortnightly"
    },
    {
      "word": "hourly"
    },
    {
      "word": "monthly"
    },
    {
      "word": "weekly"
    },
    {
      "word": "yearly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adjectival"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "id": "like"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ly",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-līċ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -līċ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-līk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-līk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-līkaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "having the body or form of"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“having the body or form of”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "-ligr",
        "t": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse -ligr (“-ly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-lijk"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -lijk",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-lich"
      },
      "expansion": "German -lich",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-lig"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -lig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-lig"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -lig",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-like"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of -like",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -ly, -li, -lik, -lich, from Old English -līċ, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk, from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“having the body or form of”), from *līką (“body”) (whence lich). In form, probably influenced by Old Norse -ligr (“-ly”) (Norwegian Bokmål -lig, Faroese -ligur, Icelandic -legur). Cognate with Dutch -lijk, German -lich, Danish -lig and Swedish -lig. Doublet of -like.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "productive suffixes",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "productive suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "man + -ly → manly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "friend + -ly → friendly",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of \"behaving like, or having a nature typical of what is denoted by the noun\" Similar in meaning to -like but most often paired with animate nouns."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adjective",
          "adjective#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ],
        [
          "behaving",
          "behaving#English"
        ],
        [
          "like",
          "like#English"
        ],
        [
          "nature",
          "nature#English"
        ],
        [
          "typical",
          "typical#English"
        ],
        [
          "-like",
          "-like#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bloom + -ly → bloomly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "priest + -ly → priestly",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of \"appearing like, resembling, or having the likeness of what is denoted by the noun\"."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "appearing",
          "appearing#English"
        ],
        [
          "like",
          "like#English"
        ],
        [
          "resembling",
          "resembling#English"
        ],
        [
          "likeness",
          "likeness#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "month + -ly → monthly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "day + -ly → daily",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adjectives from nouns specifying time intervals, the adjectives having the sense of \"occurring at such intervals\"."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "occurring",
          "occurring#English"
        ],
        [
          "interval",
          "interval#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/li/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us--ly.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg/En-us--ly.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[liː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lɪ]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[li]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɫiː]",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-ish"
    },
    {
      "word": "-like"
    },
    {
      "word": "-y"
    },
    {
      "sense": "suggesting degree",
      "word": "-ous"
    },
    {
      "sense": "suggesting degree",
      "word": "-some"
    },
    {
      "sense": "likeness or resemblance",
      "word": "-oid"
    },
    {
      "word": "quasi-"
    },
    {
      "word": "para-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-form"
    },
    {
      "word": "-iform"
    },
    {
      "word": "-esque"
    },
    {
      "word": "-some"
    },
    {
      "sense": "restricted to casual registers",
      "word": "-ass"
    },
    {
      "sense": "forms adjectives from nouns only",
      "word": "-like"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "di",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "地"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "note": "somewhat similar",
      "roman": "de",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "的"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-lig"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-agtig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-achtig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-lijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ig"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-a"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ligur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-mainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ment"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-oso"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-uri",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ური"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-uli",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ული"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-lich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-isch"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-haft"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-s"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-os"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-as"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-es"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ös"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ias"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ies"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-legur"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-atra"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ane"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ly"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-līċ"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "-me-âbâne",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "مآبانه"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-oso"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "note": "phonetic changes and additions occur",
      "roman": "-skij",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "-ский"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-ski",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "-ски"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ně"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-oso"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-aktig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-artad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-lig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-isk"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ca"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ça"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ce"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-çe"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-cıl"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-çıl"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-cil"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-çil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "-ī",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-ی"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"similar to, like, characteristic of\"",
      "word": "-us"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lijks"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "note": "-ttainen (combination of two suffixes for adjectives; only the first suffix for adverbs)",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\""
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "note": "-nkénti/-onkénti/-ankénti/-enkénti/-önkénti",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\""
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-ane"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lig"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "forming adjectives from nouns, in the sense \"occurring at such intervals\"",
      "word": "-lik"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ly"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adverb-forming suffixes",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (like)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English suffixes",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (like)",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Ainu translations",
    "Terms with Aragonese translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Igbo translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Middle English translations",
    "Terms with Mongolian translations",
    "Terms with Navajo translations",
    "Terms with Neapolitan translations",
    "Terms with Norman translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Walloon translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-ally"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adverbial"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "id": "like"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -ly",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-līċe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -līċe",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -ly, -li, -liche, from Old English -līċe.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
        "id": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "-ly",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "sudden + -ly → suddenly",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "eerie + -ly → eerily",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "year + -ly → yearly",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form adverbs from adjectives and nouns."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adverb",
          "adverb#English"
        ],
        [
          "adjective",
          "adjective#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:adverb"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/li/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us--ly.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg/En-us--ly.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-us--ly.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[liː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lɪ]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[li]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɫiː]",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ain",
      "lang": "Ainu",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "no"
    },
    {
      "code": "an",
      "lang": "Aragonese",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mén"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-bar",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-բար"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-oren",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-որեն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-eki"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ment"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "note": "similar function, but used in different ways",
      "roman": "de",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "地"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ě"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "note": "-t (or, with some adjectives, no suffix at all)",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "note": "(the adverb is usually the same as the adjective",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "no change in form)"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-erwijs"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-lijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-jes"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "note": "following the adjective",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "genoeg"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-e"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-lt"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-liga"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "topics": [
        "manner"
      ],
      "word": "-sti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "note": "-n (extent: the genitive form of the adjective)",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ment"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-ad",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ად"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-d",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-დ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-urad",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ურად"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-ulad",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ულად"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "note": "forms adverbs that modify phrases or sentences",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-erweise"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-lich"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "-a",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-α"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "note": "each replacing the final syllable of the adjective",
      "roman": "-os",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ως"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "note": "adverbs are formed from nouns, rather than adjectives",
      "roman": "be-/bi-",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "ב-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-an"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-en"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-lag"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-leg"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-l"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ul"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ül"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-lega"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-e"
    },
    {
      "code": "ig",
      "lang": "Igbo",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "na"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "alt": "い-adjectives drop い, add く",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "-ku",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "...く"
    },
    {
      "alt": "な-adjectives drop な, add に",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "-ni",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "...に"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ē"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-iter"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-o",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-о"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ly"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "-xan",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-хан"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-go"
    },
    {
      "code": "nap",
      "lang": "Neapolitan",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ment"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ment"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-e"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-līċe"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "-âne",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "ـانه"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "-ihâ",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "ـیها"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-o"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-o",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-о"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-e",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-е"
    },
    {
      "alt": "forming adverbs from -ский adjectives",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "po-...-ski",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "по-...-ски"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-ski",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ски"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mente"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-t"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "bir şekilde"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ce"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ca"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-çe"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-ça"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "used to form adverbs from adjectives",
      "word": "-mint"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ly"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ly meaning in English (29.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
  "msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
  "path": [
    "-ly"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-ly",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.