See para- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for para- meaning in English (16.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "P-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parabola"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paradigm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paradox"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parallel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parallelogram"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paramedic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paramilitary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parasite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paratext"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paravirtualization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parabiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paranormal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parapsychology"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά",
"t": "beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "parasite (feed beside), parallel (beside one another), paracapsular (alongside a capsule)",
"text": "parallel\nparaconformity (parallel conformity), paraxial (parallel to the axis)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beside, alongside"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-tSuVwtc0",
"links": [
[
"beside",
"beside"
],
[
"alongside",
"alongside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracellular (between cells), paraconule (A conule located between a paracone and a metacone), paradiploid (intermediate between diploid and polyploid)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"between"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix--7J~vcT0",
"links": [
[
"between",
"between"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 88 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "between",
"word": "inter-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 88 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "between",
"word": "dia-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "paracortex (surrounding the cortex), paradiapophysis (covering the diapophysis)",
"text": "covering\nparacolpitis ((outer) covering of inflamed vagina)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, surrounding"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-NE-OLqNQ",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "around",
"word": "peri-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "around",
"word": "circum-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracentral (adjacent to the center), paracaval (adjacent to the vena cava)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adjacent, next to"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-4B8MZbqc",
"links": [
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"next to",
"next to"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 47 33 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 2",
"sense": "adjacent",
"word": "juxta-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 6 5 10 3 5 2 8 1 2 8 6 4 1 6 1 11 5 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranal (near the anus), parepididymis ((body part) near the epididymis), parethmoid (near the ethmoid bone)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-Rro0dwvM",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 12 66 4 3 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 1 2",
"sense": "near",
"word": "juxta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 12 66 4 3 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 1 2",
"sense": "near",
"word": "peri-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracavernous (On the far side of the cavernous sinus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opposite of, on the far side of"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-vLalbIme",
"links": [
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"on the far side",
"on the far side"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 5 10 55 5 5 4 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 1 2",
"sense": "on the far side of",
"word": "trans-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraductal (above the duct), paracoronoid (above the coronoid process), paracondylar (over the condyle)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"above, over"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-2vWSfLTJ",
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "epi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "super-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "supra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "hyper-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracotylar ((extending) across the cotyle), paraesophageal (across the esophagus), paracloacal (through the cloaca), paracostal (through the ribs), paracerebral (throughout the brain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"across, through, throughout"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-NwxUu8oW",
"links": [
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 5 8 4 56 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3",
"sense": "across",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 5 8 4 56 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3",
"sense": "across",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 5 8 4 56 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3",
"sense": "across",
"word": "per-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradox (beyond expectation), paranormal (beyond normal) paraclival (beyond the clivus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beyond"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-XogY0d0Z",
"links": [
[
"beyond",
"beyond"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "ultra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "extra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "preter-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "para-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "παρα-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "超"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"alt": "超",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cho-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "초"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pirâ-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "پیرا"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "para-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paralgesia (abnormal sensitivity to pain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abnormal"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-USmkpixm",
"links": [
[
"abnormal",
"abnormal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"incorrect"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-ID01Nr1i",
"links": [
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradiorthosis (false correction)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"false"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-~LzxZZCN",
"links": [
[
"false",
"false"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "false",
"word": "pseudo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "false",
"word": "mis-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paramilitary (resembling a military), paramylum (resembling amylum (starch))",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resembling"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-7pryoJ7u",
"links": [
[
"resembling",
"resembling"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "quasi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-oid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-form"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-iform"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-some"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 2 1 6 2 5 3 4 2 1 2 59 1 3 2 1 3",
"sense": "resembling; restricted to casual registers",
"word": "-ass"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 4 8 4 5 4 5 3 3 2 44 1 3 3 2 4",
"sense": "resembling; forms adjectives from nouns only",
"word": "-like"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parastate (an unrecognized state), parabaptism (unauthorized baptism)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unrecognized, unauthorized, or unsanctioned"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-B3PQ97xc",
"links": [
[
"unrecognized",
"unrecognized"
],
[
"unauthorized",
"unauthorized"
],
[
"unsanctioned",
"unsanctioned"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parenteral (avoiding the intestines), paraconsistent (avoiding consistency)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"avoiding or avoidant"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-gwdV3zEx",
"links": [
[
"avoiding",
"avoiding"
],
[
"avoidant",
"avoidant"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "en:Organic chemistry",
"parents": [
"Chemistry",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-VB68ckd9",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"isomeric",
"isomeric"
],
[
"benzene",
"benzene"
],
[
"derivative",
"derivative"
],
[
"substituent",
"substituent"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"ortho-",
"ortho-"
],
[
"meta-",
"meta-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "p-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 3 6 25 4 3 3 3 4 0 0 2 3 34 2 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 3 6 25 4 3 3 3 4 0 0 2 3 34 2 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraclinical (relating to things not purely clinical), parabigeminal (related to a pair of organs), parabicanonical (pertaining to a linear system of divisors equivalent to a bicanonical divisor), paracomplex (pertaining to all metric spaces and all CW-complexes)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"related or pertaining to"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-QJR8jpQz",
"links": [
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"pertaining",
"pertaining"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 6 5 10 3 5 2 8 1 2 8 6 4 1 6 1 11 5 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranesthesia (affecting both sides of the lower body), paraballism (ballism affecting both legs)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"affecting or concerning lower body"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-pOmXM9Qi",
"links": [
[
"affecting",
"affecting"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 6 2 2 8 8 19 13 19 5 3 0 0 1 3 5 2 4",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 6 2 2 8 8 19 13 19 5 3 0 0 1 3 5 2 4",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mal-"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "French para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "para"
},
"expansion": "para",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "parare",
"t": "to defend, shield, shroud"
},
"expansion": "parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "parō",
"t": "I prepare"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“I prepare”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French para-, from Italian para-, from para, imperative of parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”), from Latin parō (“I prepare”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"english": "jest",
"tags": [
"nonce-word"
],
"word": "para-bore"
},
{
"word": "protection against bore"
},
{
"word": "paragrandine"
},
{
"word": "paravane"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-WpK3slS0",
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"avert",
"avert"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, not productive) to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "parachute"
},
{
"word": "parados"
},
{
"word": "paragrele"
},
{
"word": "parapet"
},
{
"word": "parasol"
},
{
"word": "paravent"
}
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parachute"
},
"expansion": "parachute",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From parachute.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "parabrake"
},
{
"word": "paracord"
},
{
"word": "paradiver"
},
{
"word": "paradoctor"
},
{
"word": "paradrop"
},
{
"word": "parafoil"
},
{
"word": "parafrag bomb"
},
{
"word": "paraglider"
},
{
"word": "parajump"
},
{
"word": "parajute"
},
{
"word": "parakiting"
},
{
"word": "parapants"
},
{
"word": "paraplane"
},
{
"word": "parasheet"
},
{
"word": "paraski"
},
{
"word": "paraspotter"
},
{
"word": "paratrooper"
}
],
"glosses": [
"parachute."
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-5dLYBOCG",
"links": [
[
"parachute",
"parachute"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Paralympic"
},
"expansion": "Paralympic",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Paralympic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "para-archery"
},
{
"word": "para-athlete"
},
{
"word": "parathlete"
},
{
"word": "paracanoe"
},
{
"word": "para-canoe"
},
{
"word": "paracycling"
},
{
"word": "para-cycling"
},
{
"word": "Paralympian"
},
{
"word": "Paralympiad"
},
{
"word": "Paralympics"
},
{
"word": "Paralympic Games"
},
{
"word": "paraskiing"
},
{
"word": "para nordic skiing"
},
{
"word": "parasport"
},
{
"word": "parasports"
},
{
"word": "para-sport"
},
{
"word": "para-sports"
},
{
"word": "paratriathlon"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disability sport"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-PYp3MCQW",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "P-"
},
{
"word": "parabola"
},
{
"word": "paradigm"
},
{
"word": "paradox"
},
{
"word": "parallel"
},
{
"word": "parallelogram"
},
{
"word": "paramedic"
},
{
"word": "paramilitary"
},
{
"word": "parasite"
},
{
"word": "paratext"
},
{
"word": "paravirtualization"
},
{
"word": "parabiology"
},
{
"word": "paranormal"
},
{
"word": "parapsychology"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά",
"t": "beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-"
},
"expansion": "[Template:root]",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "parasite (feed beside), parallel (beside one another), paracapsular (alongside a capsule)",
"text": "parallel\nparaconformity (parallel conformity), paraxial (parallel to the axis)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beside, alongside"
],
"links": [
[
"beside",
"beside"
],
[
"alongside",
"alongside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracellular (between cells), paraconule (A conule located between a paracone and a metacone), paradiploid (intermediate between diploid and polyploid)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"between"
],
"links": [
[
"between",
"between"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "paracortex (surrounding the cortex), paradiapophysis (covering the diapophysis)",
"text": "covering\nparacolpitis ((outer) covering of inflamed vagina)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, surrounding"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracentral (adjacent to the center), paracaval (adjacent to the vena cava)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adjacent, next to"
],
"links": [
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"next to",
"next to"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranal (near the anus), parepididymis ((body part) near the epididymis), parethmoid (near the ethmoid bone)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracavernous (On the far side of the cavernous sinus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opposite of, on the far side of"
],
"links": [
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"on the far side",
"on the far side"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraductal (above the duct), paracoronoid (above the coronoid process), paracondylar (over the condyle)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"above, over"
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracotylar ((extending) across the cotyle), paraesophageal (across the esophagus), paracloacal (through the cloaca), paracostal (through the ribs), paracerebral (throughout the brain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"across, through, throughout"
],
"links": [
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradox (beyond expectation), paranormal (beyond normal) paraclival (beyond the clivus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beyond"
],
"links": [
[
"beyond",
"beyond"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paralgesia (abnormal sensitivity to pain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abnormal"
],
"links": [
[
"abnormal",
"abnormal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"incorrect"
],
"links": [
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradiorthosis (false correction)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"false"
],
"links": [
[
"false",
"false"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paramilitary (resembling a military), paramylum (resembling amylum (starch))",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resembling"
],
"links": [
[
"resembling",
"resembling"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parastate (an unrecognized state), parabaptism (unauthorized baptism)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unrecognized, unauthorized, or unsanctioned"
],
"links": [
[
"unrecognized",
"unrecognized"
],
[
"unauthorized",
"unauthorized"
],
[
"unsanctioned",
"unsanctioned"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parenteral (avoiding the intestines), paraconsistent (avoiding consistency)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"avoiding or avoidant"
],
"links": [
[
"avoiding",
"avoiding"
],
[
"avoidant",
"avoidant"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Organic chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"isomeric",
"isomeric"
],
[
"benzene",
"benzene"
],
[
"derivative",
"derivative"
],
[
"substituent",
"substituent"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"ortho-",
"ortho-"
],
[
"meta-",
"meta-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "p-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraclinical (relating to things not purely clinical), parabigeminal (related to a pair of organs), parabicanonical (pertaining to a linear system of divisors equivalent to a bicanonical divisor), paracomplex (pertaining to all metric spaces and all CW-complexes)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"related or pertaining to"
],
"links": [
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"pertaining",
"pertaining"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranesthesia (affecting both sides of the lower body), paraballism (ballism affecting both legs)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"affecting or concerning lower body"
],
"links": [
[
"affecting",
"affecting"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "between",
"word": "inter-"
},
{
"sense": "between",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"sense": "around",
"word": "peri-"
},
{
"sense": "around",
"word": "circum-"
},
{
"sense": "adjacent",
"word": "juxta-"
},
{
"sense": "near",
"word": "juxta-"
},
{
"sense": "near",
"word": "peri-"
},
{
"sense": "on the far side of",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "epi-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "super-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "supra-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"sense": "across",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "across",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"sense": "across",
"word": "per-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "ultra-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "extra-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "preter-"
},
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"sense": "false",
"word": "pseudo-"
},
{
"sense": "false",
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "quasi-"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-oid"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-form"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-iform"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-some"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"sense": "resembling; restricted to casual registers",
"word": "-ass"
},
{
"sense": "resembling; forms adjectives from nouns only",
"word": "-like"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "para-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "παρα-"
},
{
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "超"
},
{
"alt": "超",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cho-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "초"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pirâ-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "پیرا"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "jest",
"tags": [
"nonce-word"
],
"word": "para-bore"
},
{
"word": "protection against bore"
},
{
"word": "paragrandine"
},
{
"word": "paravane"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "French para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "para"
},
"expansion": "para",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "parare",
"t": "to defend, shield, shroud"
},
"expansion": "parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "parō",
"t": "I prepare"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“I prepare”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French para-, from Italian para-, from para, imperative of parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”), from Latin parō (“I prepare”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "parachute"
},
{
"word": "parados"
},
{
"word": "paragrele"
},
{
"word": "parapet"
},
{
"word": "parasol"
},
{
"word": "paravent"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"avert",
"avert"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, not productive) to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "parabrake"
},
{
"word": "paracord"
},
{
"word": "paradiver"
},
{
"word": "paradoctor"
},
{
"word": "paradrop"
},
{
"word": "parafoil"
},
{
"word": "parafrag bomb"
},
{
"word": "paraglider"
},
{
"word": "parajump"
},
{
"word": "parajute"
},
{
"word": "parakiting"
},
{
"word": "parapants"
},
{
"word": "paraplane"
},
{
"word": "parasheet"
},
{
"word": "paraski"
},
{
"word": "paraspotter"
},
{
"word": "paratrooper"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parachute"
},
"expansion": "parachute",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From parachute.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"parachute."
],
"links": [
[
"parachute",
"parachute"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "para-archery"
},
{
"word": "para-athlete"
},
{
"word": "parathlete"
},
{
"word": "paracanoe"
},
{
"word": "para-canoe"
},
{
"word": "paracycling"
},
{
"word": "para-cycling"
},
{
"word": "Paralympian"
},
{
"word": "Paralympiad"
},
{
"word": "Paralympics"
},
{
"word": "Paralympic Games"
},
{
"word": "paraskiing"
},
{
"word": "para nordic skiing"
},
{
"word": "parasport"
},
{
"word": "parasports"
},
{
"word": "para-sport"
},
{
"word": "para-sports"
},
{
"word": "paratriathlon"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Paralympic"
},
"expansion": "Paralympic",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Paralympic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"disability sport"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.