See paramilitary in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"code": "cmn",
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"tags": [
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{
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{
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{
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{
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],
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"id": "en-paramilitary-en-adj-x6W-j12c",
"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
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"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "poluvoenen",
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"word": "полувоенен"
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{
"code": "cmn",
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{
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{
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"word": "puolisotilaallinen"
},
{
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"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
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},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
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"word": "παραστρατιωτικός"
},
{
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"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitare"
},
{
"code": "gv",
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"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "fo-hidooragh"
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"word": "paramilitær"
},
{
"code": "nn",
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"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitær"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
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"lang_code": "pl",
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"word": "paramilitarny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
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"word": "paramilitar"
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"tags": [
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"word": "paramilitar"
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{
"code": "ru",
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"lang_code": "ru",
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"word": "военизи́рованный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "poluvojénnyj",
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"word": "полувое́нный"
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},
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}
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{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav.mp3",
"note": "Mmmm",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpaɾəˈmɪlɪˌtɾe/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˌtɾɪ/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˌtɾi/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpaɾəˈmɪlɪˌtɾi/",
"tags": [
"Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "paramilitary"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-",
"English terms prefixed with para-",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "para-",
"4": "military",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *preh₂-\nProto-Hellenic *pərai\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ́ (părắ)\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ- (pără-)der.\nEnglish para-\nEnglish military\nEnglish paramilitary\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*preh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*pərai\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰρᾰ́\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰρᾰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"para-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"military\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"paramilitary\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"paramilitary\">\nFrom para- + military.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *preh₂-\nProto-Hellenic *pərai\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ́ (părắ)\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ- (pără-)der.\nEnglish para-\nEnglish military\nEnglish paramilitary\nFrom para- + military.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "paramilitaries",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "para-military",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "paramilitary (plural paramilitaries)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
166,
178
]
],
"ref": "2007 July 13, Kyle Whitmire, “Suit in U.S. Over Murders in Colombia”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 26 Jan 2021:",
"text": "From the start of its operations in Colombia, the company was on guard against the decadeslong civil strife in the country between left-wing guerrilla and right-wing paramilitary groups, witnesses have testified.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
22
],
[
113,
125
]
],
"ref": "2014, “Little Green Men”: A Primer on Modern Russian Unconventional Warfare, Ukraine 2013–2014, Fort Bragg, North Carolina: The United States Army Special Operations Command, pages 44-45:",
"text": "Cossack paramilitaries operate in Ukraine and southern Russia. […] Before he entered eastern Ukraine, Girkin led paramilitary groups in Crimea and negotiated with Ukrainian military officers in attempts to induce them to defect to Russia.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion, but which do not represent the formal forces of a sovereign power."
],
"links": [
[
"civilian",
"civilian"
],
[
"military",
"military"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"A member of a paramilitary group."
],
"links": [
[
"member",
"member"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) A member of a paramilitary group."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɛɹi/",
"note": "without the Mary–marry–merry merger",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpɛɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɛɹi/",
"note": "US, Mary–marry–merry merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-paramilitary.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav.mp3",
"note": "Mmmm",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpaɾəˈmɪlɪˌtɾe/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˌtɾɪ/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˌtɾi/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpaɾəˈmɪlɪˌtɾi/",
"tags": [
"Wales"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion",
"word": "凖軍事部隊 /凖军事部队"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "organisation paramilitaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion",
"word": "organización/grupo/exército paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bojówka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion",
"word": "organização/força/exército paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion",
"word": "organización/grupo/ejército paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fo-hidoor"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "a member of a paramilitary group",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "paramilitär"
}
],
"word": "paramilitary"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-",
"English terms prefixed with para-",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antiparamilitary"
},
{
"word": "paramilitarily"
},
{
"word": "paramilitarism"
},
{
"word": "paramilitarist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "para-",
"4": "military",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *preh₂-\nProto-Hellenic *pərai\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ́ (părắ)\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ- (pără-)der.\nEnglish para-\nEnglish military\nEnglish paramilitary\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*preh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*pərai\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰρᾰ́\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰρᾰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"para-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"military\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"paramilitary\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"paramilitary\">\nFrom para- + military.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-\nProto-Indo-European *preh₂-\nProto-Hellenic *pərai\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ́ (părắ)\nAncient Greek πᾰρᾰ- (pără-)der.\nEnglish para-\nEnglish military\nEnglish paramilitary\nFrom para- + military.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "para-military",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "paramilitary (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "1935",
"references": []
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to a paramilitary."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpæɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɛɹi/",
"note": "without the Mary–marry–merry merger",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpɛɹəˈmɪlɪˌtɛɹi/",
"note": "US, Mary–marry–merry merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-paramilitary.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav.mp3",
"note": "Mmmm",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-paramilitary.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpaɾəˈmɪlɪˌtɾe/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˌtɾɪ/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˌtɾi/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌpaɾəˈmɪlɪˌtɾi/",
"tags": [
"Wales"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "poluvoenen",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "полувоенен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "准军事的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "polovojenský"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitantní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitær"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitair"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "puolisotilaallinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "parastratiotikós",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "παραστρατιωτικός"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitare"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "fo-hidooragh"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitær"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitær"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitarny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vojenizírovannyj",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "военизи́рованный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "poluvojénnyj",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "полувое́нный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "relating to a paramilitary",
"word": "paramilitär"
}
],
"word": "paramilitary"
}
Download raw JSONL data for paramilitary meaning in English (16.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.