See per- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for per- meaning in English (6.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "per"
},
"expansion": "Latin per",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-"
},
"expansion": "per-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin per and per-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "per-",
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{
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}
],
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{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"In verbs: denoting the sense \"through\", as in perforate."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:through",
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"perforate",
"perforate"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense \"through\", as in perforate."
],
"senseid": [
"en:through"
],
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{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "through",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "through",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "through",
"word": "dia-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 14 13 12 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In verbs: denoting the sense \"thoroughly\", as in perfect."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:wholly",
"links": [
[
"thoroughly",
"thoroughly"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense \"thoroughly\", as in perfect."
],
"senseid": [
"en:wholly"
],
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{
"_dis1": "10 53 9 14 8 6",
"sense": "thoroughly",
"word": "para-"
}
],
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"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 14 13 12 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In verbs: denoting the sense \"to destruction\", as in pervert."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:destruction",
"links": [
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
],
[
"pervert",
"pervert"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense \"to destruction\", as in pervert."
],
"senseid": [
"en:destruction"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 14 13 12 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In adjectives and adverbs: denoting the sense \"extremely\", as in perfervid."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:intensifying",
"links": [
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"perfervid",
"perfervid"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In adjectives and adverbs: denoting the sense \"extremely\", as in perfervid."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "6 10 6 60 6 11",
"sense": "extremely",
"word": "pellucid"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 10 6 60 6 11",
"sense": "extremely",
"word": "perfervid"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:intensifying"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 13 12 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns and adjectives denoting the maximum proportion of one element in a compound, as in peroxide."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:maximum",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"proportion",
"proportion"
],
[
"element",
"element"
],
[
"compound",
"compound"
],
[
"peroxide",
"peroxide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Forming nouns and adjectives denoting the maximum proportion of one element in a compound, as in peroxide."
],
"senseid": [
"en:maximum"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
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{
"_dis": "15 14 13 12 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 14 12 31 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
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"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 11 13 14 24 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to the name of an element in a polyatomic ion to denote the number of atoms of that element (usually four)."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:four",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Added to the name of an element in a polyatomic ion to denote the number of atoms of that element (usually four)."
],
"senseid": [
"en:four"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "per-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "per"
},
"expansion": "Old French per",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "par"
},
"expansion": "par",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French per (modern French par).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "per-",
"name": "head"
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "per-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 14 13 12 17 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denoting the sense \"by\" or \"per\", as in perchance or perhaps."
],
"id": "en-per--en-prefix-en:by",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"per",
"per"
],
[
"perchance",
"perchance"
],
[
"perhaps",
"perhaps"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Denoting the sense \"by\" or \"per\", as in perchance or perhaps."
],
"senseid": [
"en:by"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "per-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
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},
"expansion": "Latin per",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-"
},
"expansion": "per-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin per and per-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix",
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"expansion": "per-",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"sense": "extremely",
"word": "pellucid"
},
{
"sense": "extremely",
"word": "perfervid"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"In verbs: denoting the sense \"through\", as in perforate."
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"perforate",
"perforate"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense \"through\", as in perforate."
],
"senseid": [
"en:through"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In verbs: denoting the sense \"thoroughly\", as in perfect."
],
"links": [
[
"thoroughly",
"thoroughly"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense \"thoroughly\", as in perfect."
],
"senseid": [
"en:wholly"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In verbs: denoting the sense \"to destruction\", as in pervert."
],
"links": [
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
],
[
"pervert",
"pervert"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense \"to destruction\", as in pervert."
],
"senseid": [
"en:destruction"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In adjectives and adverbs: denoting the sense \"extremely\", as in perfervid."
],
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[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"perfervid",
"perfervid"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) In adjectives and adverbs: denoting the sense \"extremely\", as in perfervid."
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [
"en:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns and adjectives denoting the maximum proportion of one element in a compound, as in peroxide."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"proportion",
"proportion"
],
[
"element",
"element"
],
[
"compound",
"compound"
],
[
"peroxide",
"peroxide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Forming nouns and adjectives denoting the maximum proportion of one element in a compound, as in peroxide."
],
"senseid": [
"en:maximum"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Added to the name of an element in a polyatomic ion to denote the number of atoms of that element (usually four)."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Added to the name of an element in a polyatomic ion to denote the number of atoms of that element (usually four)."
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "through",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "through",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"sense": "through",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"sense": "thoroughly",
"word": "para-"
}
],
"word": "per-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Old French per",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "par"
},
"expansion": "par",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French per (modern French par).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "per-",
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "per-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Denoting the sense \"by\" or \"per\", as in perchance or perhaps."
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"per",
"per"
],
[
"perchance",
"perchance"
],
[
"perhaps",
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]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Denoting the sense \"by\" or \"per\", as in perchance or perhaps."
],
"senseid": [
"en:by"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "per-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.