See para- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for para- meaning in All languages combined (28.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "P-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parabola"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paradigm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paradox"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parallel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parallelogram"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paramedic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paramilitary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parasite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paratext"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paravirtualization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parabiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "paranormal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 2 2 8 7 17 12 18 4 3 3 3 1 3 5 1 4",
"word": "parapsychology"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά",
"t": "beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "parasite (feed beside), parallel (beside one another), paracapsular (alongside a capsule)",
"text": "parallel\nparaconformity (parallel conformity), paraxial (parallel to the axis)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beside, alongside"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-tSuVwtc0",
"links": [
[
"beside",
"beside"
],
[
"alongside",
"alongside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracellular (between cells), paraconule (A conule located between a paracone and a metacone), paradiploid (intermediate between diploid and polyploid)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"between"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix--7J~vcT0",
"links": [
[
"between",
"between"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 88 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "between",
"word": "inter-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 88 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "between",
"word": "dia-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "paracortex (surrounding the cortex), paradiapophysis (covering the diapophysis)",
"text": "covering\nparacolpitis ((outer) covering of inflamed vagina)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, surrounding"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-NE-OLqNQ",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "around",
"word": "peri-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "around",
"word": "circum-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracentral (adjacent to the center), paracaval (adjacent to the vena cava)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adjacent, next to"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-4B8MZbqc",
"links": [
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"next to",
"next to"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 47 33 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 2",
"sense": "adjacent",
"word": "juxta-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranal (near the anus), parepididymis ((body part) near the epididymis), parethmoid (near the ethmoid bone)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-Rro0dwvM",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 12 66 4 3 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 1 2",
"sense": "near",
"word": "juxta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 12 66 4 3 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 1 2",
"sense": "near",
"word": "peri-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracavernous (On the far side of the cavernous sinus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opposite of, on the far side of"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-vLalbIme",
"links": [
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"on the far side",
"on the far side"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 5 10 55 5 5 4 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 1 2",
"sense": "on the far side of",
"word": "trans-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraductal (above the duct), paracoronoid (above the coronoid process), paracondylar (over the condyle)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"above, over"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-2vWSfLTJ",
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "epi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "super-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "supra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 8 6 53 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 5 2 3",
"sense": "above",
"word": "hyper-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracotylar ([extending] across the cotyle), paraesophageal (across the esophagus), paracloacal (through the cloaca), paracostal (through the ribs), paracerebral (throughout the brain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"across, through, throughout"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-NwxUu8oW",
"links": [
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 5 8 4 56 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3",
"sense": "across",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 5 8 4 56 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3",
"sense": "across",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 1 6 5 8 4 56 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3",
"sense": "across",
"word": "per-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradox (beyond expectation), paranormal (beyond normal) paraclival (beyond the clivus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beyond"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-XogY0d0Z",
"links": [
[
"beyond",
"beyond"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "ultra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "extra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 3 2 2 2 73 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "preter-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "para-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "παρα-"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "超"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"alt": "超",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cho-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "초"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pirâ-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "پیرا"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 0 6 5 4 27 3 40 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "para-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paralgesia (abnormal sensitivity to pain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abnormal"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-USmkpixm",
"links": [
[
"abnormal",
"abnormal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"incorrect"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-ID01Nr1i",
"links": [
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradiorthosis (false correction)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"false"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-~LzxZZCN",
"links": [
[
"false",
"false"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "false",
"word": "pseudo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "false",
"word": "mis-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paramilitary (resembling a military), paramylum (resembling amylum (starch))",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resembling"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-7pryoJ7u",
"links": [
[
"resembling",
"resembling"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "quasi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-oid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-form"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-iform"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-some"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 2 1 6 2 5 3 4 2 1 2 59 1 3 2 1 3",
"sense": "resembling; restricted to casual registers",
"word": "-ass"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 2 4 8 4 5 4 5 3 3 2 44 1 3 3 2 4",
"sense": "resembling; forms adjectives from nouns only",
"word": "-like"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parastate (an unrecognized state), parabaptism (unauthorized baptism)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unrecognized, unauthorized, or unsanctioned"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-B3PQ97xc",
"links": [
[
"unrecognized",
"unrecognized"
],
[
"unauthorized",
"unauthorized"
],
[
"unsanctioned",
"unsanctioned"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parenteral (avoiding the intestines), paraconsistent (avoiding consistency)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"avoiding or avoidant"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-gwdV3zEx",
"links": [
[
"avoiding",
"avoiding"
],
[
"avoidant",
"avoidant"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "en:Organic chemistry",
"parents": [
"Chemistry",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-VB68ckd9",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"isomeric",
"isomeric"
],
[
"benzene",
"benzene"
],
[
"derivative",
"derivative"
],
[
"substituent",
"substituent"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"ortho-",
"ortho-"
],
[
"meta-",
"meta-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "p-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 5 20 3 2 2 2 5 0 0 4 2 29 1 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 2 2 5 20 3 2 2 2 5 0 0 4 2 29 1 16",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraclinical (relating to things not purely clinical), parabigeminal (related to a pair of organs), parabicanonical (pertaining to a linear system of divisors equivalent to a bicanonical divisor), paracomplex (pertaining to all metric spaces and all CW-complexes)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"related or pertaining to"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-QJR8jpQz",
"links": [
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"pertaining",
"pertaining"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 5 5 9 2 6 1 9 0 7 8 5 4 1 5 1 13 12 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 5 5 9 3 8 2 8 1 2 7 5 4 1 5 1 12 12 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranesthesia (affecting both sides of the lower body), paraballism (ballism affecting both legs)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"affecting or concerning lower body"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-pOmXM9Qi",
"links": [
[
"affecting",
"affecting"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 6 2 2 8 8 18 13 19 5 3 0 0 1 3 5 1 4",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 6 2 2 8 8 18 13 19 5 3 0 0 1 3 5 1 4",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mal-"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "French para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "para"
},
"expansion": "para",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "parare",
"t": "to defend, shield, shroud"
},
"expansion": "parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "parō",
"t": "I prepare"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“I prepare”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French para-, from Italian para-, from para, imperative of parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”), from Latin parō (“I prepare”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 5 5 9 2 6 1 9 0 7 8 5 4 1 5 1 13 12 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 5 5 9 3 8 2 8 1 2 7 5 4 1 5 1 12 12 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "jest",
"tags": [
"nonce-word"
],
"word": "para-bore"
},
{
"word": "protection against bore"
},
{
"word": "paragrandine"
},
{
"word": "paravane"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-WpK3slS0",
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"avert",
"avert"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, not productive) to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "parachute"
},
{
"word": "parados"
},
{
"word": "paragrele"
},
{
"word": "parapet"
},
{
"word": "parasol"
},
{
"word": "paravent"
}
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parachute"
},
"expansion": "parachute",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From parachute.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "parabrake"
},
{
"word": "paracord"
},
{
"word": "paradiver"
},
{
"word": "paradoctor"
},
{
"word": "paradrop"
},
{
"word": "parafoil"
},
{
"word": "parafrag bomb"
},
{
"word": "paraglider"
},
{
"word": "parajump"
},
{
"word": "parajute"
},
{
"word": "parakiting"
},
{
"word": "parapants"
},
{
"word": "paraplane"
},
{
"word": "parasheet"
},
{
"word": "paraski"
},
{
"word": "paraspotter"
},
{
"word": "paratrooper"
}
],
"glosses": [
"parachute."
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-5dLYBOCG",
"links": [
[
"parachute",
"parachute"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Paralympic"
},
"expansion": "Paralympic",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Paralympic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "para-archery"
},
{
"word": "para-athlete"
},
{
"word": "parathlete"
},
{
"word": "paracanoe"
},
{
"word": "para-canoe"
},
{
"word": "paracycling"
},
{
"word": "para-cycling"
},
{
"word": "Paralympian"
},
{
"word": "Paralympiad"
},
{
"word": "Paralympics"
},
{
"word": "Paralympic Games"
},
{
"word": "paraskiing"
},
{
"word": "para nordic skiing"
},
{
"word": "parasport"
},
{
"word": "parasports"
},
{
"word": "para-sport"
},
{
"word": "para-sports"
},
{
"word": "paratriathlon"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disability sport"
],
"id": "en-para--en-prefix-PYp3MCQW",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "para- (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)",
"name": "bcl-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧ra"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in naming any professions"
],
"id": "en-para--bcl-prefix-frlNd3jI",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paɾa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.ɾa]"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά-",
"t": "beside"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά- (pará-, “beside”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρά- (pará-, “beside”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "para-hockey sur glace"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para- (all senses)"
],
"id": "en-para--fr-prefix-sBMBFR1Q",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.ʁa/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "parare"
},
"expansion": "parare",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "parō",
"t": "to shield"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“to shield”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Via Italian para-, from parare, from Latin parō (“to shield”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"para- (“guarding against”)"
],
"id": "en-para--fr-prefix-fgeNl7oS",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "e.g. garde-boue, garde-bras",
"word": "garde-"
},
{
"alt": "e.g. pare-chocs, pare-soleil",
"word": "pare-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.ʁa/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "paralympique",
"3": "",
"4": "Paralympic"
},
"expansion": "paralympique (“Paralympic”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From paralympique (“Paralympic”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "paracyclisme"
},
{
"word": "paranatation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para- (“disability sport”)"
],
"id": "en-para--fr-prefix-wGNOxDQy",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.ʁa/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "en",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "English para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "French para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Spanish para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "para-",
"2": "para-",
"3": "",
"4": "para-",
"5": "",
"6": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English para-, French para-, Italian para-, Spanish para-.",
"name": "io-bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "105",
"p": "465",
"vol": "3"
},
"expansion": "Decision no. 105, Progreso III.",
"name": "progreso"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English para-, French para-, Italian para-, Spanish para-. Decision no. 105, Progreso III.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido terms approved in Progreso III",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "para- + pluvo (“rain”) → parapluvo (“umbrella”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + moskito (“mosquito”) → paramoskito (“mosquito net”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix denoting protection against, something to ward off"
],
"id": "en-para--io-prefix-Hz~Pjkh0",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpara/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "para-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "phara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "bpara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para-"
],
"id": "en-para--ga-prefix-JzpwhOIl",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before a slender consonant",
"word": "parai-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para- (all senses)"
],
"id": "en-para--it-prefix-sBMBFR1Q",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧ra"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para- (resembling)"
],
"id": "en-para--pl-prefix-AV~aCPaK",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpa.ra/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ara"
},
{
"homophone": "para"
},
{
"homophone": "Para"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пара-",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "Cyrillic spelling",
"4": "пара-",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "para- (Cyrillic spelling пара-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "para- + nàuka (“science”) → paranauka (“parascience”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + nȍrmālno (“normally”) → paranormalno (“paranormal”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Para-."
],
"id": "en-para--sh-prefix-PYQK74Pk",
"links": [
[
"Para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧ra-"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para-"
],
"id": "en-para--es-prefix-JzpwhOIl",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paɾa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.ɾa]"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "English para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά (pará)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See English para-, from Ancient Greek παρά (pará).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "para-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "bara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mhara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "phara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "para- + meddyg (“doctor”) → parafeddyg (“paramedic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + normal (“normal”) → paranormal (“paranormal”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + ymatebol (“responsive, reactive”) → paraymatebol (“parasympathetic”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para-"
],
"id": "en-para--cy-prefix-JzpwhOIl",
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpara/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "para- (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)",
"name": "bcl-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧ra"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"Bikol Central lemmas",
"Bikol Central prefixes",
"Bikol Central terms with Baybayin script",
"Bikol Central terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bikol Central terms without bcl-IPA template"
],
"glosses": [
"used in naming any professions"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paɾa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.ɾa]"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "P-"
},
{
"word": "parabola"
},
{
"word": "paradigm"
},
{
"word": "paradox"
},
{
"word": "parallel"
},
{
"word": "parallelogram"
},
{
"word": "paramedic"
},
{
"word": "paramilitary"
},
{
"word": "parasite"
},
{
"word": "paratext"
},
{
"word": "paravirtualization"
},
{
"word": "parabiology"
},
{
"word": "paranormal"
},
{
"word": "parapsychology"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά",
"t": "beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside; next to, near, from; against, contrary to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "parasite (feed beside), parallel (beside one another), paracapsular (alongside a capsule)",
"text": "parallel\nparaconformity (parallel conformity), paraxial (parallel to the axis)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beside, alongside"
],
"links": [
[
"beside",
"beside"
],
[
"alongside",
"alongside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracellular (between cells), paraconule (A conule located between a paracone and a metacone), paradiploid (intermediate between diploid and polyploid)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"between"
],
"links": [
[
"between",
"between"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "paracortex (surrounding the cortex), paradiapophysis (covering the diapophysis)",
"text": "covering\nparacolpitis ((outer) covering of inflamed vagina)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, surrounding"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracentral (adjacent to the center), paracaval (adjacent to the vena cava)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adjacent, next to"
],
"links": [
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"next to",
"next to"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranal (near the anus), parepididymis ((body part) near the epididymis), parethmoid (near the ethmoid bone)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracavernous (On the far side of the cavernous sinus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opposite of, on the far side of"
],
"links": [
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"on the far side",
"on the far side"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraductal (above the duct), paracoronoid (above the coronoid process), paracondylar (over the condyle)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"above, over"
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paracotylar ([extending] across the cotyle), paraesophageal (across the esophagus), paracloacal (through the cloaca), paracostal (through the ribs), paracerebral (throughout the brain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"across, through, throughout"
],
"links": [
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradox (beyond expectation), paranormal (beyond normal) paraclival (beyond the clivus)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beyond"
],
"links": [
[
"beyond",
"beyond"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paralgesia (abnormal sensitivity to pain)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abnormal"
],
"links": [
[
"abnormal",
"abnormal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"incorrect"
],
"links": [
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "paradiorthosis (false correction)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"false"
],
"links": [
[
"false",
"false"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paramilitary (resembling a military), paramylum (resembling amylum (starch))",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resembling"
],
"links": [
[
"resembling",
"resembling"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parastate (an unrecognized state), parabaptism (unauthorized baptism)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"unrecognized, unauthorized, or unsanctioned"
],
"links": [
[
"unrecognized",
"unrecognized"
],
[
"unauthorized",
"unauthorized"
],
[
"unsanctioned",
"unsanctioned"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "parenteral (avoiding the intestines), paraconsistent (avoiding consistency)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"avoiding or avoidant"
],
"links": [
[
"avoiding",
"avoiding"
],
[
"avoidant",
"avoidant"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Organic chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"isomeric",
"isomeric"
],
[
"benzene",
"benzene"
],
[
"derivative",
"derivative"
],
[
"substituent",
"substituent"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"ortho-",
"ortho-"
],
[
"meta-",
"meta-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in opposite (1,4) positions (compare ortho- and meta-)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "p-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paraclinical (relating to things not purely clinical), parabigeminal (related to a pair of organs), parabicanonical (pertaining to a linear system of divisors equivalent to a bicanonical divisor), paracomplex (pertaining to all metric spaces and all CW-complexes)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"related or pertaining to"
],
"links": [
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"pertaining",
"pertaining"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paranesthesia (affecting both sides of the lower body), paraballism (ballism affecting both legs)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"affecting or concerning lower body"
],
"links": [
[
"affecting",
"affecting"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "between",
"word": "inter-"
},
{
"sense": "between",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"sense": "around",
"word": "peri-"
},
{
"sense": "around",
"word": "circum-"
},
{
"sense": "adjacent",
"word": "juxta-"
},
{
"sense": "near",
"word": "juxta-"
},
{
"sense": "near",
"word": "peri-"
},
{
"sense": "on the far side of",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "epi-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "super-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "supra-"
},
{
"sense": "above",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"sense": "across",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "across",
"word": "dia-"
},
{
"sense": "across",
"word": "per-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "trans-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "hyper-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "ultra-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "extra-"
},
{
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "preter-"
},
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"sense": "false",
"word": "pseudo-"
},
{
"sense": "false",
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "quasi-"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-oid"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-form"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-iform"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-ly"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-some"
},
{
"sense": "resembling",
"word": "-y"
},
{
"sense": "resembling; restricted to casual registers",
"word": "-ass"
},
{
"sense": "resembling; forms adjectives from nouns only",
"word": "-like"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "para-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "παρα-"
},
{
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "超"
},
{
"alt": "超",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cho-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "초"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pirâ-",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "پیرا"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "above, beyond",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms",
"word": "para-"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "jest",
"tags": [
"nonce-word"
],
"word": "para-bore"
},
{
"word": "protection against bore"
},
{
"word": "paragrandine"
},
{
"word": "paravane"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "French para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "para"
},
"expansion": "para",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "parare",
"t": "to defend, shield, shroud"
},
"expansion": "parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "parō",
"t": "I prepare"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“I prepare”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French para-, from Italian para-, from para, imperative of parare (“to defend, shield, shroud”), from Latin parō (“I prepare”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "parachute"
},
{
"word": "parados"
},
{
"word": "paragrele"
},
{
"word": "parapet"
},
{
"word": "parasol"
},
{
"word": "paravent"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"avert",
"avert"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, not productive) to guard against, to avert, to shield from; to provide protection against, defence from"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "parabrake"
},
{
"word": "paracord"
},
{
"word": "paradiver"
},
{
"word": "paradoctor"
},
{
"word": "paradrop"
},
{
"word": "parafoil"
},
{
"word": "parafrag bomb"
},
{
"word": "paraglider"
},
{
"word": "parajump"
},
{
"word": "parajute"
},
{
"word": "parakiting"
},
{
"word": "parapants"
},
{
"word": "paraplane"
},
{
"word": "parasheet"
},
{
"word": "paraski"
},
{
"word": "paraspotter"
},
{
"word": "paratrooper"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parachute"
},
"expansion": "parachute",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From parachute.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"parachute."
],
"links": [
[
"parachute",
"parachute"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "para-archery"
},
{
"word": "para-athlete"
},
{
"word": "parathlete"
},
{
"word": "paracanoe"
},
{
"word": "para-canoe"
},
{
"word": "paracycling"
},
{
"word": "para-cycling"
},
{
"word": "Paralympian"
},
{
"word": "Paralympiad"
},
{
"word": "Paralympics"
},
{
"word": "Paralympic Games"
},
{
"word": "paraskiing"
},
{
"word": "para nordic skiing"
},
{
"word": "parasport"
},
{
"word": "parasports"
},
{
"word": "para-sport"
},
{
"word": "para-sports"
},
{
"word": "paratriathlon"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Paralympic"
},
"expansion": "Paralympic",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Paralympic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"disability sport"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French prefixes",
"French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "para-hockey sur glace"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά-",
"t": "beside"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά- (pará-, “beside”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρά- (pará-, “beside”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"para- (all senses)"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.ʁa/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French prefixes",
"French terms derived from Italian",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "parare"
},
"expansion": "parare",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "parō",
"t": "to shield"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“to shield”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Via Italian para-, from parare, from Latin parō (“to shield”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"para- (“guarding against”)"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.ʁa/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "e.g. garde-boue, garde-bras",
"word": "garde-"
},
{
"alt": "e.g. pare-chocs, pare-soleil",
"word": "pare-"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French prefixes",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "paracyclisme"
},
{
"word": "paranatation"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "paralympique",
"3": "",
"4": "Paralympic"
},
"expansion": "paralympique (“Paralympic”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From paralympique (“Paralympic”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"para- (“disability sport”)"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.ʁa/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "en",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "English para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "French para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Italian para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Spanish para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "para-",
"2": "para-",
"3": "",
"4": "para-",
"5": "",
"6": "para-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English para-, French para-, Italian para-, Spanish para-.",
"name": "io-bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "105",
"p": "465",
"vol": "3"
},
"expansion": "Decision no. 105, Progreso III.",
"name": "progreso"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English para-, French para-, Italian para-, Spanish para-. Decision no. 105, Progreso III.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido lemmas",
"Ido prefixes",
"Ido terms approved in Progreso III",
"Ido terms borrowed from English",
"Ido terms borrowed from French",
"Ido terms borrowed from Italian",
"Ido terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Ido terms derived from English",
"Ido terms derived from French",
"Ido terms derived from Italian",
"Ido terms derived from Spanish",
"Ido terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "para- + pluvo (“rain”) → parapluvo (“umbrella”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + moskito (“mosquito”) → paramoskito (“mosquito net”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix denoting protection against, something to ward off"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpara/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "para-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "phara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "bpara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish prefixes",
"Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek"
],
"glosses": [
"para-"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before a slender consonant",
"word": "parai-"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian prefixes",
"Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek"
],
"glosses": [
"para- (all senses)"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧ra"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ara",
"Rhymes:Polish/ara/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"para- (resembling)"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpa.ra/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ara"
},
{
"homophone": "para"
},
{
"homophone": "Para"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пара-",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "Cyrillic spelling",
"4": "пара-",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "para- (Cyrillic spelling пара-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian links with redundant target parameters",
"Serbo-Croatian prefixes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "para- + nàuka (“science”) → paranauka (“parascience”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + nȍrmālno (“normally”) → paranormalno (“paranormal”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Para-."
],
"links": [
[
"Para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρα-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧ra-"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish prefixes",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Spanish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"para-"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paɾa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.ɾa]"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "para-"
},
"expansion": "English para-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "grc",
"3": "παρά"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παρά (pará)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See English para-, from Ancient Greek παρά (pará).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "para-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "bara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mhara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "phara-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "para-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh prefixes",
"Welsh terms borrowed from English",
"Welsh terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Welsh terms derived from English",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "para- + meddyg (“doctor”) → parafeddyg (“paramedic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + normal (“normal”) → paranormal (“paranormal”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "para- + ymatebol (“responsive, reactive”) → paraymatebol (“parasympathetic”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"para-"
],
"links": [
[
"para-",
"para-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌpara/"
}
],
"word": "para-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.