See -l in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-el"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-öl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lék"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "babrál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "barangol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bomlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bonyolít"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "botlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cáfol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csápol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cserfel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csigolya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csihol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csilingel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csiripel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csivitel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csókol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "csörömpöl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dacol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dörömböl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "durmol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "emlékezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "engesztel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eszkábál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eszmél"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fanyalodik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ficánkol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "foszlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fúl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fütyül"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gányol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "göngyölít"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "guggol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hajol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hajszol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "harákol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hatol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hergel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ihlet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "illan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ingerel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "irdal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kallódik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "karmol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kárál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kefél"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kelepel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kéklik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kísérel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kortyol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kotlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "követel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kukorékol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kunyerál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kuruttyol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lehel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "locsol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lohol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "magasztal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "majszol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "marasztal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "marcangol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "markol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "miákol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mormol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "morzsol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "motoszkál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nyargal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nyiszál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nyivákol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nyúl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "omlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "oszlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ötlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ötöl-hatol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "őröl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "parázslik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paskol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "patyolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pepecsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pisil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pittypalattyol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pletykál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pocsékol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pocsolya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pörköl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "püföl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "one option",
"word": "regöl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "reszel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "reteszel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "riszál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "robotol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "one option",
"word": "rombol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "romlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sajnál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sajtol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sínylik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sípol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tapasztal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tékozol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tépelődik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "térdepel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tombol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torlódik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tökél → eltökél"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "töröl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trécsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ürül"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vizsla"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zilál"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-l"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-l",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Proto-Uralic *-l suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-l",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(obsolete) tékozik (“to be dispersed, scattered”) + -l → tékozol (“to squander, waste”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rogy(ik); rongy, roncs(ol) (“to collapse; (old) rag; to tear, erode, corrode”) + -l → romlik (“to deteriorate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"Added to verbs."
],
"id": "en--l-hu-suffix-0NBL2gVR",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"(frequentative suffix, obsolete) Added to verbs."
],
"tags": [
"frequentative",
"morpheme",
"obsolete",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "aszik (“to wither”) + -l → aszal (“to dry, desiccate, wizen”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "forr (“to boil”) + -l → forral (“to boil (transitive)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "nő (“to grow”) + -l → növel (“to increase”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"Added to verbs."
],
"id": "en--l-hu-suffix-0NBL2gVR1",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"(causative suffix) Added to verbs."
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"Added to verbs; now geminated, see -ll"
],
"id": "en--l-hu-suffix-TjamLGaM",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
],
[
"-ll",
"-ll#Hungarian"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix; instantaneous suffix; instantaneous suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"(instantaneous suffix) Added to verbs; now geminated, see -ll"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "csoda (“miracle”) + -l → csodál (“to admire”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hátra (“backwards”) + -l → hátrál (“to step backward”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "csere (“an exchange”) + -l → cserél (“to change”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fésű (“comb”) + -l → fésül (“to comb”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hat (“to progress, enter, get (in) somewhere, affect, take effect”) + -l → hatol (“to penetrate, make one’s way into”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb."
],
"id": "en--l-hu-suffix-imq1a6BE",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-l"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*-lᴕ/*-lᴕ̈"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-lᴕ/*-lᴕ̈",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "-л",
"pos": "ablative marker"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi -л (-l, ablative marker)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-lᴕ/*-lᴕ̈ place name suffix. Cognate with Northern Mansi -л (-l, ablative marker).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-l",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 3 2 9 9 7 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 1 8 8 7 5 14 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 13 11 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"It is of ancient origin answering the question from where? It is no longer productive and is no longer an independent suffix in modern Hungarian. However, it can still be found in suffixes such as -ból/-ből, -nál/-nél, -ról/-ről, -tól/-től, -ul/-ül, in postpositions such as alól, mellől and in several adverbs, e.g. kívül, belül, hátul. In the Old Hungarian era it could express not only direction but also more abstract adverbs."
],
"id": "en--l-hu-suffix-LeIpE87y",
"links": [
[
"-ból",
"-ból#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ből",
"-ből#Hungarian"
],
[
"-nál",
"-nál#Hungarian"
],
[
"-nél",
"-nél#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ról",
"-ról#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ről",
"-ről#Hungarian"
],
[
"-tól",
"-tól#Hungarian"
],
[
"-től",
"-től#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ul",
"-ul#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ül",
"-ül#Hungarian"
],
[
"alól",
"alól#Hungarian"
],
[
"mellől",
"mellől#Hungarian"
],
[
"kívül",
"kívül#Hungarian"
],
[
"belül",
"belül#Hungarian"
],
[
"hátul",
"hátul#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ablative suffix, obsolete) It is of ancient origin answering the question from where? It is no longer productive and is no longer an independent suffix in modern Hungarian. However, it can still be found in suffixes such as -ból/-ből, -nál/-nél, -ról/-ről, -tól/-től, -ul/-ül, in postpositions such as alól, mellől and in several adverbs, e.g. kívül, belül, hátul. In the Old Hungarian era it could express not only direction but also more abstract adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"morpheme",
"obsolete",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-l"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Hungarian verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-al"
},
{
"word": "-ál"
},
{
"word": "-el"
},
{
"word": "-ol"
},
{
"word": "-öl"
},
{
"word": "-lék"
},
{
"word": "babrál"
},
{
"word": "barangol"
},
{
"word": "bomlik"
},
{
"word": "bonyolít"
},
{
"word": "botlik"
},
{
"word": "cáfol"
},
{
"word": "csápol"
},
{
"word": "cserfel"
},
{
"word": "csigolya"
},
{
"word": "csihol"
},
{
"word": "csilingel"
},
{
"word": "csiripel"
},
{
"word": "csivitel"
},
{
"word": "csókol"
},
{
"word": "csörömpöl"
},
{
"word": "dacol"
},
{
"word": "dörömböl"
},
{
"word": "durmol"
},
{
"word": "emlékezik"
},
{
"word": "engesztel"
},
{
"word": "eszkábál"
},
{
"word": "eszmél"
},
{
"word": "fanyalodik"
},
{
"word": "ficánkol"
},
{
"word": "foszlik"
},
{
"word": "fúl"
},
{
"word": "fütyül"
},
{
"word": "gányol"
},
{
"word": "göngyölít"
},
{
"word": "guggol"
},
{
"word": "hajol"
},
{
"word": "hajszol"
},
{
"word": "hall"
},
{
"word": "harákol"
},
{
"word": "hatol"
},
{
"word": "hergel"
},
{
"word": "ihlet"
},
{
"word": "illan"
},
{
"word": "ingerel"
},
{
"word": "irdal"
},
{
"word": "kallódik"
},
{
"word": "karmol"
},
{
"word": "kárál"
},
{
"word": "kefél"
},
{
"word": "kelepel"
},
{
"word": "kéklik"
},
{
"word": "kísérel"
},
{
"word": "kortyol"
},
{
"word": "kotlik"
},
{
"word": "követel"
},
{
"word": "kukorékol"
},
{
"word": "kunyerál"
},
{
"word": "kuruttyol"
},
{
"word": "-lak"
},
{
"word": "-lek"
},
{
"word": "-lal"
},
{
"word": "-lel"
},
{
"word": "lehel"
},
{
"word": "locsol"
},
{
"word": "lohol"
},
{
"word": "magasztal"
},
{
"word": "majszol"
},
{
"word": "marasztal"
},
{
"word": "marcangol"
},
{
"word": "markol"
},
{
"word": "miákol"
},
{
"word": "mormol"
},
{
"word": "morzsol"
},
{
"word": "motoszkál"
},
{
"word": "nyargal"
},
{
"word": "nyiszál"
},
{
"word": "nyivákol"
},
{
"word": "nyúl"
},
{
"word": "omlik"
},
{
"word": "oszlik"
},
{
"word": "ötlik"
},
{
"word": "ötöl-hatol"
},
{
"word": "őröl"
},
{
"word": "parázslik"
},
{
"word": "paskol"
},
{
"word": "patyolat"
},
{
"word": "pepecsel"
},
{
"word": "pisil"
},
{
"word": "pittypalattyol"
},
{
"word": "pletykál"
},
{
"word": "pocsékol"
},
{
"word": "pocsolya"
},
{
"word": "pörköl"
},
{
"word": "püföl"
},
{
"english": "one option",
"word": "regöl"
},
{
"word": "reszel"
},
{
"word": "reteszel"
},
{
"word": "riszál"
},
{
"word": "robotol"
},
{
"english": "one option",
"word": "rombol"
},
{
"word": "romlik"
},
{
"word": "rostál"
},
{
"word": "sajnál"
},
{
"word": "sajtol"
},
{
"word": "sínylik"
},
{
"word": "sípol"
},
{
"word": "tapasztal"
},
{
"word": "tékozol"
},
{
"word": "tépelődik"
},
{
"word": "térdepel"
},
{
"word": "tombol"
},
{
"word": "torlódik"
},
{
"word": "tökél → eltökél"
},
{
"word": "töröl"
},
{
"word": "trécsel"
},
{
"word": "ürül"
},
{
"word": "vizsla"
},
{
"word": "zilál"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-l"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-l",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Proto-Uralic *-l suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-l",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(obsolete) tékozik (“to be dispersed, scattered”) + -l → tékozol (“to squander, waste”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rogy(ik); rongy, roncs(ol) (“to collapse; (old) rag; to tear, erode, corrode”) + -l → romlik (“to deteriorate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"Added to verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"(frequentative suffix, obsolete) Added to verbs."
],
"tags": [
"frequentative",
"morpheme",
"obsolete",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "aszik (“to wither”) + -l → aszal (“to dry, desiccate, wizen”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "forr (“to boil”) + -l → forral (“to boil (transitive)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "nő (“to grow”) + -l → növel (“to increase”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"Added to verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"(causative suffix) Added to verbs."
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"Added to verbs; now geminated, see -ll"
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
],
[
"-ll",
"-ll#Hungarian"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix; instantaneous suffix; instantaneous suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb.",
"(instantaneous suffix) Added to verbs; now geminated, see -ll"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "csoda (“miracle”) + -l → csodál (“to admire”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hátra (“backwards”) + -l → hátrál (“to step backward”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "csere (“an exchange”) + -l → cserél (“to change”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fésű (“comb”) + -l → fésül (“to comb”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hat (“to progress, enter, get (in) somewhere, affect, take effect”) + -l → hatol (“to penetrate, make one’s way into”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun, an adjective, a verb or less frequently to an adverb to form a verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-l"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*-lᴕ/*-lᴕ̈"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-lᴕ/*-lᴕ̈",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "-л",
"pos": "ablative marker"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi -л (-l, ablative marker)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-lᴕ/*-lᴕ̈ place name suffix. Cognate with Northern Mansi -л (-l, ablative marker).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-l",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"It is of ancient origin answering the question from where? It is no longer productive and is no longer an independent suffix in modern Hungarian. However, it can still be found in suffixes such as -ból/-ből, -nál/-nél, -ról/-ről, -tól/-től, -ul/-ül, in postpositions such as alól, mellől and in several adverbs, e.g. kívül, belül, hátul. In the Old Hungarian era it could express not only direction but also more abstract adverbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-ból",
"-ból#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ből",
"-ből#Hungarian"
],
[
"-nál",
"-nál#Hungarian"
],
[
"-nél",
"-nél#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ról",
"-ról#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ről",
"-ről#Hungarian"
],
[
"-tól",
"-tól#Hungarian"
],
[
"-től",
"-től#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ul",
"-ul#Hungarian"
],
[
"-ül",
"-ül#Hungarian"
],
[
"alól",
"alól#Hungarian"
],
[
"mellől",
"mellől#Hungarian"
],
[
"kívül",
"kívül#Hungarian"
],
[
"belül",
"belül#Hungarian"
],
[
"hátul",
"hátul#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ablative suffix, obsolete) It is of ancient origin answering the question from where? It is no longer productive and is no longer an independent suffix in modern Hungarian. However, it can still be found in suffixes such as -ból/-ből, -nál/-nél, -ról/-ről, -tól/-től, -ul/-ül, in postpositions such as alól, mellől and in several adverbs, e.g. kívül, belül, hátul. In the Old Hungarian era it could express not only direction but also more abstract adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"morpheme",
"obsolete",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-l"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -l meaning in Hungarian (8.9kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Added to a noun, an adjective,'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"-l"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-l",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Hungarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (db8a5a5 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.