See stain in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stain meaning in English (39.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bloodstain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blue stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Colorado brown stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cumstain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Feulgen stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Giemsa stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Gömöri stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Kinyoun stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Leishman stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pet stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "port-wine stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Romanowsky stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shit stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stainless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stain lifter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stain remover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Wright-Giemsa stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Wright-Giemse stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Wright's stain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Ziehl-Neelsen stain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steinen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steinen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "steynen",
"t": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "steina",
"4": "",
"5": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "steinn",
"t": "stone, mineral blue, colour, stain"
},
"expansion": "steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stainaz",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steyh₂-",
"t": "to stiffen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stān",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old English stān (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stone"
},
"expansion": "stone",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, blemish, stain"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, stain"
},
"expansion": "Old English wem (“spot, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "disteynen",
"t": "to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "desteindre",
"t": "to remove the colour from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "destaindre",
"t": "to remove the color from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "des-",
"3": "",
"4": "dis-, de-, un-"
},
"expansion": "des- (“dis-, de-, un-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "teindre",
"3": "",
"4": "to dye"
},
"expansion": "teindre (“to dye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tingo",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin tingo",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steinen, steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān (“stone”). More at stone.\nReplaced native Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”) from Old English wem (“spot, stain”).\nIn some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des- (“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre (“to dye”), from Latin tingo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stains",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stain (plural stains)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 24 8 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 5 15 14 11 14 1 1 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A discolored spot or area caused by spillage or other contact with certain fluids or substances."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-noun-cGd5dRuG",
"links": [
[
"discolored",
"discolored"
],
[
"spot",
"spot"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"spillage",
"spillage"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "aŝʷətʼa",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ашәыта"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "vlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buqʕa",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بُقْعَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "seka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "চেকা"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "dag",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "দাগ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ləkə"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "tap",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "тап"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pljáma",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "mantsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "digta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "petno",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "петно"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.cwan:",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "အစွန်း"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "taca"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "mansa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "tammağa",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "таммагӏа"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asgolvgv",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ᎠᏍᎪᎸᎬ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūjì",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污迹"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污漬"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūzì",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污渍"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skvrna"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "plet"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "vlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "makulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "läiskä"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "tahra"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "jälki"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tache"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "laka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ლაქა"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fleck"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kilída",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κηλίδα"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kēlís",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κηλίς"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "spílos",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σπίλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mba",
"lang": "Higaonon",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "mansa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dāg",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दाग"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dāġ",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दाग़"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "folt"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blettur"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "makulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "plekki"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "inh",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "ˀatta",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ӏатта"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "macchia"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "chiazza"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
],
"word": "patacca"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"alt": "しみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shimi",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "染み"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "snaamprɑɑlak",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ស្នាមប្រឡាក់"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eolluk",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "얼룩"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "pelle",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "پەڵە"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "macula"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dėmė"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "fleka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "флека"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "damka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дамка"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "poapoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "tope"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "pūriko"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tolbo",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "толбо"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taca"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lakke",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "لکه"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plak"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plama"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nódoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancha"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mácula"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "păta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnó",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пятно́"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "repas",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "रेपस्"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "флека"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "fleka"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "škvrna"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "madež"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancha"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"note": "colloquial; on clothing - esp. from sweat or grease",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lamparón"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mácula"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "fläck"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "krâap",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "คราบ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "leke"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "lekeler"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pljáma",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "tật"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 3 7 7 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "vết"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 24 8 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 5 15 14 11 14 1 1 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blemish on one's character or reputation."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-noun-OMhdvI-s",
"links": [
[
"blemish",
"blemish"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"reputation",
"reputation"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "skandvlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "ləkə"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pozor",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "позор"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "tahra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "souillure"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schandfleck"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kilída",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κηλίδα"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "makulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "macula"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plama"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnó",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пятно́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnó pozora",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "пятно́ позора"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tacha"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 90 2 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancilla"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1980, Robert M. Jones, editor, Walls and Ceilings, Time-Life Books, page 93",
"text": "The wood will darken whether it is stained or not—the main function of a stain is to enhance the wood's natural color and emphasize its grain.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A substance used to soak into a surface and colour it."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-noun-pgvWbnxE",
"links": [
[
"soak",
"soak"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "kleurstof"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nerk",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "ներկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "boja",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боя"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mořidlo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "väriaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "colorant"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vafí",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βαφή"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chróma",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "χρώμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mordente"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chaksaek",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "착색"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bejca"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "colorante"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kráska",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кра́ска"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "morilka",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "морилка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "colorante"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 71 23 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "bets"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 24 8 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 5 15 14 11 14 1 1 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-noun-JtpOHNHC",
"links": [
[
"reagent",
"reagent"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
],
[
"microscope",
"microscope"
],
[
"specimen",
"specimen"
],
[
"visible",
"visible"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 22 71 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"word": "toetskleurstof"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 22 71 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"word": "väriaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 22 71 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barwnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 22 71 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kontrast"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 22 71 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contraste"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldry",
"orig": "en:Heraldry",
"parents": [
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 24 8 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 5 15 14 11 14 1 1 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-noun-bUieRwSN",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"tincture",
"tincture"
],
[
"tenné",
"tenné"
],
[
"murrey",
"murrey"
],
[
"sanguine",
"sanguine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/steɪn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stain.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"stain"
],
"word": "stain"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steinen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steinen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "steynen",
"t": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "steina",
"4": "",
"5": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "steinn",
"t": "stone, mineral blue, colour, stain"
},
"expansion": "steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stainaz",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steyh₂-",
"t": "to stiffen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stān",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old English stān (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stone"
},
"expansion": "stone",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, blemish, stain"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, stain"
},
"expansion": "Old English wem (“spot, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "disteynen",
"t": "to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "desteindre",
"t": "to remove the colour from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "destaindre",
"t": "to remove the color from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "des-",
"3": "",
"4": "dis-, de-, un-"
},
"expansion": "des- (“dis-, de-, un-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "teindre",
"3": "",
"4": "to dye"
},
"expansion": "teindre (“to dye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tingo",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin tingo",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steinen, steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān (“stone”). More at stone.\nReplaced native Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”) from Old English wem (“spot, stain”).\nIn some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des- (“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre (“to dye”), from Latin tingo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stains",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "staining",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stained",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stained",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stain (third-person singular simple present stains, present participle staining, simple past and past participle stained)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 15 5 15 14 11 14 1 1 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stain the hand with dye"
},
{
"text": "armour stained with blood"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-verb-t5bq-Sku",
"links": [
[
"discolor",
"discolor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "verkleur"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "ləkələmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "ləkələndirmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obezcvetjavam",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "обезцветявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "verkleuren"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "tacher"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "manchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "spilóno",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "σπιλώνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "spilóō",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "σπιλόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "pelle kirdin",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "پەڵە کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "polluo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "maculo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "pūriko"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "plamić"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upaćkać"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upaprać"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "pl",
"english": "bookish",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kalać"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "ch'illuchay"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páčkatʹ",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "па́чкать"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnatʹ",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "пятнать"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "manchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "sätta fläckar på"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "sätta en fläck på"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 16 0 6 13 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "fläcka"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 15 5 15 14 11 14 1 1 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation"
],
"id": "en-stain-en-verb-JPrmjE1U",
"links": [
[
"taint",
"taint"
],
[
"tarnish",
"tarnish"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "bevlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "ləkələmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "ləkələndirmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pozorja",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "позоря"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "bevlekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "bezoedelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "tahrata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "loata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "entacher"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "manchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "beflecken"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "macchiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "intaccare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "sverte"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapjatnatʹ",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "запятнать"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 0 0 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "mancillar"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stain wood with acids, coloured washes, paint rubbed in, etc."
},
{
"text": "the stained glass used for church windows"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To coat a surface with a stain"
],
"id": "en-stain-en-verb-eAqZwqxs",
"links": [
[
"coat",
"coat"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bojadisvam",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "боядисвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "beitsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "beizen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "mordenzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "daaghey"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "pūriko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "bejcować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zabejcować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krásitʹ",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "кра́сить"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 97 3 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "moritʹ",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "морить"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become stained; to take a stain."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-verb-hGQs34o0",
"links": [
[
"stained",
"stained"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become stained; to take a stain."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cytology",
"orig": "en:Cytology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features"
],
"id": "en-stain-en-verb-IKUiLfqb",
"links": [
[
"cytology",
"cytology"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, cytology, histology) To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"cytology",
"histology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "värjätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "corar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorir"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 0 1 86 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorear"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison."
],
"id": "en-stain-en-verb-7K97dXnQ"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/steɪn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stain.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"stain"
],
"word": "stain"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bloodstain"
},
{
"word": "blue stain"
},
{
"word": "Colorado brown stain"
},
{
"word": "cumstain"
},
{
"word": "Feulgen stain"
},
{
"word": "Giemsa stain"
},
{
"word": "Gömöri stain"
},
{
"word": "Kinyoun stain"
},
{
"word": "Leishman stain"
},
{
"word": "pet stain"
},
{
"word": "port-wine stain"
},
{
"word": "Romanowsky stain"
},
{
"word": "shit stain"
},
{
"word": "stainless"
},
{
"word": "stain lifter"
},
{
"word": "stain remover"
},
{
"word": "Wright-Giemsa stain"
},
{
"word": "Wright-Giemse stain"
},
{
"word": "Wright's stain"
},
{
"word": "Ziehl-Neelsen stain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steinen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steinen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "steynen",
"t": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "steina",
"4": "",
"5": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "steinn",
"t": "stone, mineral blue, colour, stain"
},
"expansion": "steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stainaz",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steyh₂-",
"t": "to stiffen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stān",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old English stān (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stone"
},
"expansion": "stone",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, blemish, stain"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, stain"
},
"expansion": "Old English wem (“spot, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "disteynen",
"t": "to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "desteindre",
"t": "to remove the colour from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "destaindre",
"t": "to remove the color from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "des-",
"3": "",
"4": "dis-, de-, un-"
},
"expansion": "des- (“dis-, de-, un-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "teindre",
"3": "",
"4": "to dye"
},
"expansion": "teindre (“to dye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tingo",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin tingo",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steinen, steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān (“stone”). More at stone.\nReplaced native Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”) from Old English wem (“spot, stain”).\nIn some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des- (“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre (“to dye”), from Latin tingo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stains",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stain (plural stains)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A discolored spot or area caused by spillage or other contact with certain fluids or substances."
],
"links": [
[
"discolored",
"discolored"
],
[
"spot",
"spot"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"spillage",
"spillage"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A blemish on one's character or reputation."
],
"links": [
[
"blemish",
"blemish"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"reputation",
"reputation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1980, Robert M. Jones, editor, Walls and Ceilings, Time-Life Books, page 93",
"text": "The wood will darken whether it is stained or not—the main function of a stain is to enhance the wood's natural color and emphasize its grain.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A substance used to soak into a surface and colour it."
],
"links": [
[
"soak",
"soak"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible."
],
"links": [
[
"reagent",
"reagent"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
],
[
"microscope",
"microscope"
],
[
"specimen",
"specimen"
],
[
"visible",
"visible"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Heraldry"
],
"glosses": [
"One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine."
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"tincture",
"tincture"
],
[
"tenné",
"tenné"
],
[
"murrey",
"murrey"
],
[
"sanguine",
"sanguine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/steɪn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stain.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "aŝʷətʼa",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ашәыта"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "vlek"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buqʕa",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بُقْعَة"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "seka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "চেকা"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "dag",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "দাগ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ləkə"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "tap",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "тап"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pljáma",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ма"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "mantsa"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "digta"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "petno",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "петно"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.cwan:",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "အစွန်း"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "taca"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "mansa"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "tammağa",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "таммагӏа"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asgolvgv",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ᎠᏍᎪᎸᎬ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污跡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūjì",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污迹"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污漬"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wūzì",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "污渍"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skvrna"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "plet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "vlek"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "makulo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "läiskä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "tahra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "jälki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tache"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "laka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ლაქა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fleck"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kilída",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κηλίδα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kēlís",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κηλίς"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "spílos",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σπίλος"
},
{
"code": "mba",
"lang": "Higaonon",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "mansa"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dāg",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दाग"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dāġ",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "दाग़"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "folt"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blettur"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "makulo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "plekki"
},
{
"code": "inh",
"lang": "Ingush",
"roman": "ˀatta",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ӏатта"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "macchia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "chiazza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
],
"word": "patacca"
},
{
"alt": "しみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shimi",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "染み"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "snaamprɑɑlak",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "ស្នាមប្រឡាក់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eolluk",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "얼룩"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "pelle",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "پەڵە"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "macula"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dėmė"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "fleka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "флека"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "damka",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дамка"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "poapoa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "tope"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "pūriko"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tolbo",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "толбо"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taca"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lakke",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "لکه"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plak"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plama"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nódoa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancha"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mácula"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "păta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnó",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пятно́"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "repas",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "रेपस्"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "флека"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "fleka"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "škvrna"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "madež"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancha"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"note": "colloquial; on clothing - esp. from sweat or grease",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lamparón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mácula"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "fläck"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "krâap",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "คราบ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "leke"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "lekeler"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pljáma",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ма"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "tật"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "discoloured spot or area",
"word": "vết"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "skandvlek"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "ləkə"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pozor",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "позор"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "tahra"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "souillure"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schandfleck"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kilída",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κηλίδα"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "makulo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "macula"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plama"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skaza"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnó",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пятно́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnó pozora",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"word": "пятно́ позора"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tacha"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "blemish on one's character or reputation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mancilla"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "kleurstof"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nerk",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "ներկ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "boja",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боя"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mořidlo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "väriaine"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "colorant"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vafí",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βαφή"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chróma",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "χρώμα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tinta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mordente"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chaksaek",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "착색"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bejca"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "colorante"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tinta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kráska",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кра́ска"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "morilka",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "морилка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "colorante"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "substance used to soak into a surface and colour it",
"word": "bets"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"word": "toetskleurstof"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"word": "väriaine"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barwnik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kontrast"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contraste"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"stain"
],
"word": "stain"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steinen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steinen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "steynen",
"t": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "steina",
"4": "",
"5": "to stain, colour, paint"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "steinn",
"t": "stone, mineral blue, colour, stain"
},
"expansion": "steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"3": "ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stainaz",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steyh₂-",
"t": "to stiffen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "stān",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Old English stān (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stone"
},
"expansion": "stone",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, blemish, stain"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wem",
"t": "spot, stain"
},
"expansion": "Old English wem (“spot, stain”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "disteynen",
"t": "to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "desteindre",
"t": "to remove the colour from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "destaindre",
"t": "to remove the color from, bleach"
},
"expansion": "Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "des-",
"3": "",
"4": "dis-, de-, un-"
},
"expansion": "des- (“dis-, de-, un-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "teindre",
"3": "",
"4": "to dye"
},
"expansion": "teindre (“to dye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tingo",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin tingo",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steinen, steynen (“to stain, colour, paint”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse steina (“to stain, colour, paint”), from steinn (“stone, mineral blue, colour, stain”), from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ (stainaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognate with Old English stān (“stone”). More at stone.\nReplaced native Middle English wem (“spot, blemish, stain”) from Old English wem (“spot, stain”).\nIn some senses, influenced by unrelated Middle English disteynen (“to discolor, remove the colour from\"; literally, \"de-colour”), from Anglo-Norman desteindre (“to remove the colour from, bleach”), from Old French destaindre (“to remove the color from, bleach”), from des- (“dis-, de-, un-”) + teindre (“to dye”), from Latin tingo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stains",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "staining",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stained",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stained",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stain (third-person singular simple present stains, present participle staining, simple past and past participle stained)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stain the hand with dye"
},
{
"text": "armour stained with blood"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance."
],
"links": [
[
"discolor",
"discolor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation"
],
"links": [
[
"taint",
"taint"
],
[
"tarnish",
"tarnish"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stain wood with acids, coloured washes, paint rubbed in, etc."
},
{
"text": "the stained glass used for church windows"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To coat a surface with a stain"
],
"links": [
[
"coat",
"coat"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To become stained; to take a stain."
],
"links": [
[
"stained",
"stained"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become stained; to take a stain."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Cytology"
],
"glosses": [
"To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features"
],
"links": [
[
"cytology",
"cytology"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, cytology, histology) To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"cytology",
"histology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/steɪn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stain.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stain.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "verkleur"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "ləkələmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "ləkələndirmək"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obezcvetjavam",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "обезцветявам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "verkleuren"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "tacher"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "manchar"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "spilóno",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "σπιλώνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "spilóō",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "σπιλόω"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "pelle kirdin",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "پەڵە کردن"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "polluo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "maculo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "pūriko"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "plamić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upaćkać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upaprać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"english": "bookish",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kalać"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "ch'illuchay"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páčkatʹ",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "па́чкать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pjatnatʹ",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "пятнать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "manchar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "sätta fläckar på"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "sätta en fläck på"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to discolour something",
"word": "fläcka"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "bevlek"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "ləkələmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "ləkələndirmək"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pozorja",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "позоря"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "bevlekken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "bezoedelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "tahrata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "loata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "entacher"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "manchar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "beflecken"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "macchiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "intaccare"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "sverte"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapjatnatʹ",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "запятнать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation",
"word": "mancillar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bojadisvam",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "боядисвам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "beitsen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "beizen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "mordenzare"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "daaghey"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "pūriko"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "bejcować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zabejcować"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krásitʹ",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "кра́сить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "moritʹ",
"sense": "to coat a surface with a stain",
"word": "морить"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "värjätä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorer"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "corar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to treat a microscope specimen with a dye",
"word": "colorear"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"stain"
],
"word": "stain"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.