See vilify in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vilify meaning in English (13.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vilification"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vilifiable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vilifier"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīlificāre"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīlificāre",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vīlificō",
"3": "",
"4": "vilify"
},
"expansion": "vīlificō (“vilify”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin vīlificāre, present active infinitive of vīlificō (“vilify”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vilifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vilified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vilified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vilify (third-person singular simple present vilifies, present participle vilifying, simple past and past participle vilified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vile"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "glorify"
},
{
"word": "praise"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To say defamatory things about someone or something; to speak ill of."
],
"id": "en-vilify-en-verb-u9Jh~E90",
"links": [
[
"defamatory",
"defamatory"
],
[
"speak ill of",
"speak ill of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To say defamatory things about someone or something; to speak ill of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abuse"
},
{
"word": "assail"
},
{
"word": "criticize"
},
{
"word": "decry"
},
{
"word": "denigrate"
},
{
"word": "demonize"
},
{
"word": "denounce"
},
{
"word": "libel"
},
{
"word": "revile"
},
{
"word": "slander"
},
{
"word": "run down"
},
{
"word": "defame"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "pisləmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "yamanlamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "qaralamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klevetja",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "клеветя"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "očernjam",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "очерням"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "詆毀"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǐhuǐ",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "诋毁"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "醜化"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chǒuhuà",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "丑化"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pomluvit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pomlouvat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "hanět"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pohanět"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "očernit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verguizen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "dsj",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "d-s-i-A2"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "diffamer"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipender"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "deostar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "denigrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gašaveba",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "გაშავება"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "galanʒɣva",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "გალანძღვა"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ʒageba",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "ძაგება"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "diffamieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verleumden"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verunglimpfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verteufeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kakēgoréō",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "κακηγορέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "rágalmaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "denigrare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipendere"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kenasu",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "貶す"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "soshiru",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "謗る"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "whakahariharitae"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "oczerniać"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilificar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipendiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "difamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "denigra"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "očernjátʹ",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "очерня́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponosítʹ",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "поноси́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "càin"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipendiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "yermek"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "glorify"
},
{
"word": "praise"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 March 2, Jason Scott, 王晰宁 [Wang Xining], “China Rips Murdoch’s News Corp. for Reports on Pandemic Origins”, in Bloomberg News, archived from the original on 2021-03-03",
"text": "\"Those who deliberately vilify China and sabotage the friendship between our two countries and do damage to our long-term friendship and benefits out of their sectoral or selfish interest will be cast aside in history,” he said. “Their children will be ashamed of mentioning their names.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To belittle through speech; to put down."
],
"id": "en-vilify-en-verb-ovIxFEgH",
"links": [
[
"belittle",
"belittle"
],
[
"put down",
"put down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To belittle through speech; to put down."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "berate"
},
{
"word": "criticize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urazit"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ponížit"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "hanět"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "špinit"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pošpinit"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ponižovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "urážet"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pohanět"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "očernit"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "kleineren"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "panetella"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "dénigrer"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "vilipender"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "denigrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "damcireba",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "დამცირება"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ʒageba",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "ძაგება"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "herabwürdigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "heruntermachen"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "schlechtmachen"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "herunterputzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "otoshimeru",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "貶める"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "whakahariharitae"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "potępiać"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "difamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "diminuir"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unižátʹ",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "унижа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opuskátʹ",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "опуска́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "càin"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "azarlamak"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪl.ɪ.faɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-vilify.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-vilify.ogg/En-us-vilify.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-vilify.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-vilify.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-au-vilify.ogg/En-au-vilify.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/En-au-vilify.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "vilify"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vilification"
},
{
"word": "vilifiable"
},
{
"word": "vilifier"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "vīlificāre"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin vīlificāre",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vīlificō",
"3": "",
"4": "vilify"
},
"expansion": "vīlificō (“vilify”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin vīlificāre, present active infinitive of vīlificō (“vilify”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vilifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vilifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vilified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vilified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vilify (third-person singular simple present vilifies, present participle vilifying, simple past and past participle vilified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "vile"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "glorify"
},
{
"word": "praise"
}
],
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To say defamatory things about someone or something; to speak ill of."
],
"links": [
[
"defamatory",
"defamatory"
],
[
"speak ill of",
"speak ill of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To say defamatory things about someone or something; to speak ill of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abuse"
},
{
"word": "assail"
},
{
"word": "criticize"
},
{
"word": "decry"
},
{
"word": "denigrate"
},
{
"word": "demonize"
},
{
"word": "denounce"
},
{
"word": "libel"
},
{
"word": "revile"
},
{
"word": "slander"
},
{
"word": "run down"
},
{
"word": "defame"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "glorify"
},
{
"word": "praise"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 March 2, Jason Scott, 王晰宁 [Wang Xining], “China Rips Murdoch’s News Corp. for Reports on Pandemic Origins”, in Bloomberg News, archived from the original on 2021-03-03",
"text": "\"Those who deliberately vilify China and sabotage the friendship between our two countries and do damage to our long-term friendship and benefits out of their sectoral or selfish interest will be cast aside in history,” he said. “Their children will be ashamed of mentioning their names.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To belittle through speech; to put down."
],
"links": [
[
"belittle",
"belittle"
],
[
"put down",
"put down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To belittle through speech; to put down."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "berate"
},
{
"word": "criticize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪl.ɪ.faɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-vilify.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-vilify.ogg/En-us-vilify.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-vilify.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-vilify.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-au-vilify.ogg/En-au-vilify.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/En-au-vilify.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "pisləmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "yamanlamaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "qaralamaq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klevetja",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "клеветя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "očernjam",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "очерням"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "詆毀"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǐhuǐ",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "诋毁"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "醜化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chǒuhuà",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "丑化"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pomluvit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pomlouvat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "hanět"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pohanět"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "očernit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verguizen"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "dsj",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "d-s-i-A2"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "diffamer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipender"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "deostar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "denigrar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gašaveba",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "გაშავება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "galanʒɣva",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "გალანძღვა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ʒageba",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "ძაგება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "diffamieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verleumden"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verunglimpfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "verteufeln"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kakēgoréō",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "κακηγορέω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "rágalmaz"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "denigrare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipendere"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kenasu",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "貶す"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "soshiru",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "謗る"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "whakahariharitae"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "oczerniać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilificar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipendiar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "difamar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "denigra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "očernjátʹ",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "очерня́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponosítʹ",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "поноси́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "càin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "vilipendiar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "say defamatory things about; to speak ill of",
"word": "yermek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urazit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ponížit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "hanět"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "špinit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pošpinit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ponižovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "urážet"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pohanět"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "očernit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "kleineren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "panetella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "dénigrer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "vilipender"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "denigrar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "damcireba",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "დამცირება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ʒageba",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "ძაგება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "herabwürdigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "heruntermachen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "schlechtmachen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "herunterputzen"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "otoshimeru",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "貶める"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "whakahariharitae"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "potępiać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "difamar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "diminuir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unižátʹ",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "унижа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opuskátʹ",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "опуска́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "càin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "denounce, belittle through speech",
"word": "azarlamak"
}
],
"word": "vilify"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.