See bash in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash about"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashedness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash into shape"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash someone's face in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash someone's head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash someone's skull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash the bishop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash together"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fag-bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gay bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gay-bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "note-bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "note bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "queer-bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "trans bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "trans-bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unbashed"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bashen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: bashen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: bashen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*basshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *basshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*baska",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *baska (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "basa",
"t": "to baste, whip, lash, flog"
},
"expansion": "Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "baske",
"t": "to beat, strike, cudgel"
},
"expansion": "Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "patschen",
"t": "to slap"
},
"expansion": "German patschen (“to slap”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *basshen, *basken, likely from Old Norse *baska (“to strike”), akin to Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”), Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”), German patschen (“to slap”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bash (third-person singular simple present bashes, present participle bashing, simple past and past participle bashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The thugs kept bashing the cowering victim.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "If the engine won't start, bash it with this hammer.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian: The Return to Narnia:",
"text": "It isn't the creature's fault that it bashed its head against a tree outside our hole.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike heavily."
],
"id": "en-bash-en-verb-fCjl2B-6",
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) To strike heavily."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "ndesh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "frasvam",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "фрасвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udrjam",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "удрям"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zòu",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "揍"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "udeřit"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "praštit"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "třísknout"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "neerslagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "üt"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "püföl"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "ütlegel"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "dörömböl"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "megüt"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "beüt"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "bever"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "cudere"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "çalmak",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "چالمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolotítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "колоти́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pokolotítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поколоти́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bitʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бить"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поби́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izbítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изби́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "es",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "hostiar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't bash into me with that shopping trolley.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Katharine Payne, Silent Thunder, page 74:",
"text": "The bulls backed apart and ran together, tusks clashing — Ed held his trunk down while Conrad curled his high over his head, out of the way of Ed's tusks as the faces bashed together.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collide; used with into or together."
],
"id": "en-bash-en-verb-b-9LWvOe",
"links": [
[
"collide",
"collide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) To collide; used with into or together."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 3 21 1 3 40 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 6 9 2 5 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 4 2 6 20 5 7 2 5 35 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 3 1 4 25 4 6 1 4 42 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 21 3 7 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 6 19 2 6 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 19 2 6 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 9 15 3 8 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 6 19 2 6 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 6 12 3 7 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 6 20 3 7 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 12 2 6 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 6 27 2 6 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 8 23 2 8 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 8 20 2 8 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 12 2 6 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 7 13 1 6 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 3 5 1 5 42 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hit",
"orig": "en:Hit",
"parents": [
"Physical impact",
"Physical actions",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He bashed my ideas.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Richard Nixon, “America Beyond Peace”, in Beyond Peace, New York: Random House, →ISBN, page 236:",
"text": "The entertainment industry, the artistic community, and much of the educational establishment, which so profoundly influence American culture, relentlessly assault religion, promote promiscuity, encourage illegitimacy, and bash America.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 February 16, Sonia Sodha, “Politicians should stop bashing the rich… most of us just don’t agree”, in The Observer:",
"text": "This is consistent with new research about to be published by Tax Justice UK that found that, when making the case for a more progressive tax system, bashing the wealthy resonated far less well with voters than specific arguments about closing loopholes and increasing particular taxes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To criticize harshly."
],
"id": "en-bash-en-verb-56a0lQWi",
"links": [
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, informal) To criticize harshly."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kritikuvam",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "критикувам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kritizovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zkritizovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ztrhat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdrbat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "kritiseren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "mollata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "bashen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "bírál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "kritizál"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "lehúz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kritikovátʹ",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "критикова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskritikovátʹ",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "раскритикова́ть"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-bash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg/En-au-bash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "bash"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bash and grab"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "basher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashfest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashtag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bashy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "beer bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bushbash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "earbash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kitbash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "megabash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "on the bash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "photobash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*basshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *basshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*baska",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *baska (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "basa",
"t": "to baste, whip, lash, flog"
},
"expansion": "Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "baske",
"t": "to beat, strike, cudgel"
},
"expansion": "Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "patschen",
"t": "to slap"
},
"expansion": "German patschen (“to slap”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *basshen, *basken, likely from Old Norse *baska (“to strike”), akin to Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”), Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”), German patschen (“to slap”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bash (plural bashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 3 5 1 5 42 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hit",
"orig": "en:Hit",
"parents": [
"Physical impact",
"Physical actions",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He got a bash on the head.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A forceful blow or impact."
],
"id": "en-bash-en-noun-hERwXTZV",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A forceful blow or impact."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 37 15 4 13 4 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Parties",
"orig": "en:Parties",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They had a big bash to celebrate their tenth anniversary.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 74:",
"text": "The party level ramps up at Thornaby, where a gaggle of women on a 50th birthday bash join us.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large party; a gala event."
],
"id": "en-bash-en-noun-xDmjU8nM",
"links": [
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"party",
"party"
],
[
"gala",
"gala"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A large party; a gala event."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raut"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recepce"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banket"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gala bal"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biba"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "juerga"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 91 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "joda"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "give something a bash",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I'm not sure I'll be any good at this, but let me have a bash.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "This was my first bash at macramé, so I'm quite pleased with how it's turned out.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An attempt at doing something."
],
"id": "en-bash-en-noun-oGaTXkCO",
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, informal) An attempt at doing something."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Australia",
"Ireland",
"New-Zealand"
],
"word": "lash"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-bash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg/En-au-bash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "frasvane",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "фрасване"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jumručen udar",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "юмручен удар"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rána"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pecka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "neerslagen"
}
],
"word": "bash"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "baschen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English baschen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English baschen, baissen. See abash.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bash (third-person singular simple present bashes, present participle bashing, simple past and past participle bashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 37:",
"text": "His countenance was bold and bashed not.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abash (make ashamed)"
],
"id": "en-bash-en-verb-aYu2r4b~",
"links": [
[
"abash",
"abash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To abash (make ashamed)"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-bash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg/En-au-bash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "bash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Hit",
"en:Parties"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bashable"
},
{
"word": "bash about"
},
{
"word": "bashedness"
},
{
"word": "bash in"
},
{
"word": "bash into shape"
},
{
"word": "bash out"
},
{
"word": "bash someone's face in"
},
{
"word": "bash someone's head"
},
{
"word": "bash someone's skull"
},
{
"word": "bash the bishop"
},
{
"word": "bash together"
},
{
"word": "bash up"
},
{
"word": "fag-bash"
},
{
"word": "gay bash"
},
{
"word": "gay-bash"
},
{
"word": "note-bash"
},
{
"word": "note bash"
},
{
"word": "queer-bash"
},
{
"word": "trans bash"
},
{
"word": "trans-bash"
},
{
"word": "unbashed"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bashen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: bashen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: bashen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*basshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *basshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*baska",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *baska (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "basa",
"t": "to baste, whip, lash, flog"
},
"expansion": "Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "baske",
"t": "to beat, strike, cudgel"
},
"expansion": "Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "patschen",
"t": "to slap"
},
"expansion": "German patschen (“to slap”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *basshen, *basken, likely from Old Norse *baska (“to strike”), akin to Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”), Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”), German patschen (“to slap”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bash (third-person singular simple present bashes, present participle bashing, simple past and past participle bashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The thugs kept bashing the cowering victim.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "If the engine won't start, bash it with this hammer.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian: The Return to Narnia:",
"text": "It isn't the creature's fault that it bashed its head against a tree outside our hole.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike heavily."
],
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) To strike heavily."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't bash into me with that shopping trolley.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Katharine Payne, Silent Thunder, page 74:",
"text": "The bulls backed apart and ran together, tusks clashing — Ed held his trunk down while Conrad curled his high over his head, out of the way of Ed's tusks as the faces bashed together.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collide; used with into or together."
],
"links": [
[
"collide",
"collide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) To collide; used with into or together."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He bashed my ideas.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Richard Nixon, “America Beyond Peace”, in Beyond Peace, New York: Random House, →ISBN, page 236:",
"text": "The entertainment industry, the artistic community, and much of the educational establishment, which so profoundly influence American culture, relentlessly assault religion, promote promiscuity, encourage illegitimacy, and bash America.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 February 16, Sonia Sodha, “Politicians should stop bashing the rich… most of us just don’t agree”, in The Observer:",
"text": "This is consistent with new research about to be published by Tax Justice UK that found that, when making the case for a more progressive tax system, bashing the wealthy resonated far less well with voters than specific arguments about closing loopholes and increasing particular taxes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To criticize harshly."
],
"links": [
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, informal) To criticize harshly."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-bash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg/En-au-bash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "ndesh"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "frasvam",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "фрасвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udrjam",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "удрям"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zòu",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "揍"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "udeřit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "praštit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "třísknout"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "neerslagen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "üt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "püföl"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "ütlegel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "dörömböl"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "megüt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "beüt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "bever"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "cudere"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "çalmak",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "چالمق"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolotítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "колоти́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pokolotítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поколоти́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bitʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поби́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izbítʹ",
"sense": "to strike",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изби́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strike",
"word": "hostiar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kritikuvam",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "критикувам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kritizovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zkritizovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ztrhat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdrbat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "kritiseren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "mollata"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "bashen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "bírál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "kritizál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to criticize",
"word": "lehúz"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kritikovátʹ",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "критикова́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "raskritikovátʹ",
"sense": "to criticize",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "раскритикова́ть"
}
],
"word": "bash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Hit",
"en:Parties"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bash and grab"
},
{
"word": "basher"
},
{
"word": "bashfest"
},
{
"word": "bashless"
},
{
"word": "bashment"
},
{
"word": "bashtag"
},
{
"word": "bashy"
},
{
"word": "beer bash"
},
{
"word": "bushbash"
},
{
"word": "earbash"
},
{
"word": "kitbash"
},
{
"word": "megabash"
},
{
"word": "on the bash"
},
{
"word": "photobash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*basshen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *basshen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*baska",
"t": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *baska (“to strike”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "basa",
"t": "to baste, whip, lash, flog"
},
"expansion": "Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "baske",
"t": "to beat, strike, cudgel"
},
"expansion": "Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "patschen",
"t": "to slap"
},
"expansion": "German patschen (“to slap”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *basshen, *basken, likely from Old Norse *baska (“to strike”), akin to Swedish basa (“to baste, whip, lash, flog”), Danish baske (“to beat, strike, cudgel”), German patschen (“to slap”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bash (plural bashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He got a bash on the head.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A forceful blow or impact."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A forceful blow or impact."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They had a big bash to celebrate their tenth anniversary.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 74:",
"text": "The party level ramps up at Thornaby, where a gaggle of women on a 50th birthday bash join us.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large party; a gala event."
],
"links": [
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"party",
"party"
],
[
"gala",
"gala"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A large party; a gala event."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English informal terms",
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "give something a bash",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I'm not sure I'll be any good at this, but let me have a bash.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "This was my first bash at macramé, so I'm quite pleased with how it's turned out.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An attempt at doing something."
],
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, informal) An attempt at doing something."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Australia",
"Ireland",
"New-Zealand"
],
"word": "lash"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-bash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg/En-au-bash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raut"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recepce"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banket"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gala bal"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biba"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "juerga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gala",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "joda"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "frasvane",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "фрасване"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jumručen udar",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "юмручен удар"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rána"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šupa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pecka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an attack",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "neerslagen"
}
],
"word": "bash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Hit",
"en:Parties"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "baschen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English baschen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English baschen, baissen. See abash.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bash (third-person singular simple present bashes, present participle bashing, simple past and past participle bashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 37:",
"text": "His countenance was bold and bashed not.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abash (make ashamed)"
],
"links": [
[
"abash",
"abash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To abash (make ashamed)"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-bash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg/En-au-bash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/En-au-bash.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "bash"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bash meaning in English (16.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.