See rubbish in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "good riddance to bad rubbish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "piece of rubbish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rose Garden rubbish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbish bag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbish bin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbish dump"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"dated"
],
"word": "rubbishing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbish in, rubbish out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "rubbishly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbishness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbish pulley"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rubbishy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"4": "",
"5": "rubbish, building rubble",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"t": "rubbish, building rubble"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "rubous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman rubous",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rebbussa"
},
"expansion": "Latin rebbussa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rubba",
"t": "to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną",
"t": "to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rubba",
"t": "to move, displace, dislodge, upset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rubbishes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "rubbish (usually uncountable, plural rubbishes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rub‧bish"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "rubble"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Commonwealth English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The rubbish is collected every Thursday in Gloucester, but on Wednesdays in Cheltenham.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Rome is trash, rubbish and offal when it serves as inferior matter that is burned to illuminate so vile a thing as Caesar.",
"ref": "1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 113:",
"text": "What traſh is Rome? / What Rubbiſh and what Offall? when it ſerues / For the baſe matter, to illuminate / So vile a thing as Cæsar.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "[1747?] January 3, “[Literary Memoirs.] An Account of English Ants. By the Rev. William Gould, A.M. of Exeter-College, Oxon. London, printed for A[ndrew] Millar, 1747, 12mo. Pages 109, besides Preface and Dedication.”, in [Mark Akenside], editor, The Museum: Or, The Literary and Historical Register, volume II, number XXI, London: Printed for R[obert] Dodsley […], published 1746 (indicated on title page), →OCLC, page 272:",
"text": "[T]he Employments of the common Ants or Workers […] are partly the Management of the Young, and the Building their little Hills of Straw, Rubbiſh, and Particles of Earth, mixed with Blades of Graſs, into little Mounds or Ramparts, on which to expoſe the Eggs and Nymphs to the Sun-beams; their other great Employment is, in collecting Proviſions.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851 July 19, “The Value of Rubbish [from Chambers’ Journal]”, in E[liakim] Littell, editor, Littel’s Living Age, volume XXX, number CCCLXXIV, Boston, Mass.: Published by E. Littel & Company; Philadelphia, Pa.: Getz & Buck, […]; New York, N.Y.: Dewitt & Davenport, […], →OCLC, chapter XXII, page 125, column 2:",
"text": "In the course of this operation [the copper-fastening of new, or the re-coppering of old, vessels], and more especially in a repair of this latter description, old copper nails, stray pieces of bold and sheet copper, with other parings of a similar nature, are lost among the chips, or in the bottom of the dock. These chips are sold at an almost nominal price, as rubbish, to the smelters, who cart them away often in large quantities, burn the chips out, then wash and smelt the remainder, if necessary, in the ordinary manner.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1862 July, “Buchanan v. The Town of Galt”, in W[illiam] D[avis] Ardagh, Robert A[lexander] Harrison, editors, The Upper Canada Law Journal and Municipal and Local Courts’ Gazette, volume VII, Toronto, Ont.: Printed and published […] by W. C. Chewett & Co., →OCLC, page 182, column 1:",
"text": "The plaintiff claimed damages from the defendants for a breach of duty in allowing and permitting dirt and rubbish to be thrown or put upon a lane or public highway upon which his premises abutted. It appeared in evidence that the damage complained of was occasioned by the filling in and levelling a hollow in the lane, by means whereof the plaintiff's fence was pressed inwards, the filling in being done by private individuals throwing dirt and rubbish thereon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "[1939 May 4, James Joyce, Finnegans Wake, London: Faber and Faber Limited, →OCLC; republished London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1960, →OCLC, part I, page 17:",
"text": "Simply because as Taciturn pretells, our wrongstoryshortener, he dumptied the wholeborrow of rubbages on to soil here.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 11, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…] I was sleeping with my head on the wooden arm of a seat as six attendants of the theater converged with their night's total of swept-up rubbish and created a huge dusty pile that reached to my nose as I snored head down—till they almost swept me away too. […] Had they taken me with it, Dean would have never seen me again. He would have had to roam the entire United States and look in every garbage pail from coast to coast before he found me embryonically convoluted among the rubbishes of my life, his life, and the life of everybody concerned and not concerned.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Jody Sullivan Rake, “Rubbish-eating Goats”, in Abby Colich, editor, Rubbish Munchers of the Animal World, London: Raintree, Capstone Global Library, →ISBN, page 14:",
"text": "Goats are adventurous eaters. They nose around in rubbish looking for scraps of food.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Refuse, waste, garbage, junk, trash."
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-noun-KImcnuaC",
"links": [
[
"Refuse",
"refuse#Noun"
],
[
"waste",
"waste#Noun"
],
[
"garbage",
"garbage"
],
[
"junk",
"junk#Noun"
],
[
"trash",
"trash#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Commonwealth) Refuse, waste, garbage, junk, trash."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trash"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Commonwealth English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Much of what they sell is rubbish.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1793 February, “Art. 59. Scrapeana. Fugitive Miscellany. Small 8vo. pp. 352. 4s. sewed. Baldwin. 1792. [book review]”, in The Monthly Review; or, Literary Journal, Enlarged, volume X, London: Printed for R[alph] Griffiths; and sold by T[homas] Becket, […], →OCLC, page 232:",
"text": "[W]e may add that publications of this nature always contain much rubbiſh to make up the bulk; for to produce a neat collection of true wit, requires talents and judgment that would ſcarcely ſtoop to the taſk.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VIII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, page 65:",
"text": "\"And ain't you had nothing but that kind of rubbage to eat?\" / \"No, sah—nuffn' else.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An item, or items, of low quality."
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-noun-pH~kKTd8",
"links": [
[
"item",
"item"
],
[
"low",
"low#Adjective"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, chiefly Commonwealth) An item, or items, of low quality."
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"broadly",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 88 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bokluk",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "боклук"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 88 3 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brol"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 88 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"word": "roska"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 88 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"word": "Ramsch"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 88 3 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gaeteol",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"word": "개털"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 88 3 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "smeće"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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},
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"_dis": "19 7 2 4 6 23 10 15 16",
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"Links with redundant wikilinks",
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{
"_dis": "18 7 5 7 7 24 8 12 13",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "17 9 4 7 5 23 7 14 14",
"kind": "other",
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{
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Everything the teacher said during that lesson was rubbish. How can she possibly think that a bass viol and a cello are the same thing?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1774 April, “Summary of the Arguments of the Council and Judges in the Great Cause, which was Lately Heard before the House of Peers, for Ascertaining the Right of Literary Property. […]”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XLIV, London: Printed […], for D[avid] Henry, and sold by F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 149, column 2:",
"text": "I ſhall […] lay out of my way the whole bede-roll of citations and precedents which they have produced, that heterogeneous heap of rubbiſh, which is only calculated to confound your Lordſhips, and miſlead the argument.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1923, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “Neighbours”, in Kangaroo, London: Martin Secker […], →OCLC, pages 27–28:",
"text": "\"Essays about what?\" / \"Oh—rubbish mostly.\" / There was a moment's pause. / \"Oh, Lovat, don't be so silly. You know you don't think your essays rubbish,\" put in Harriet. \"They're about life, and democracy, and equality, and all that sort of thing,\" Harriet explained.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1933, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], chapter II, in The Way of the Scarlet Pimpernel, New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, published 1934, →OCLC, pages 23–24:",
"text": "But just now she felt that there was something flippant and unseemly in talking such fantastic rubbish: dreams seemed out of place when reality was so heartbreaking.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonsense."
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-noun-jcNe4Dx-",
"links": [
[
"Nonsense",
"nonsense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, chiefly Commonwealth) Nonsense."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nonsense"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"broadly",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gluposti",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "глупости"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "húchě",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "胡扯"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiābāi",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "瞎掰"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèihuà",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "废话"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nesmysl"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "vrøvl"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "roska"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "luikuri"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "palturi"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "lööperi"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "pöty"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "absurdités"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "inepties"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Quatsch"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Blödsinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Unsinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mist"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tríches",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "τρίχες"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aïdía",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αηδία"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "badarság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "butaság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "ostobaság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "nonszensz"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "képtelenség"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "marhaság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "hülyeség"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "ráiméis"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corbelleria"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cretinata"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "assurdità"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kudaranai koto",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "くだらないこと"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bakabakashii koto",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "ばかばかしいこと"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gaeteol",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "개털"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "besteira"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "asneira"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čepuxá",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чепуха́"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "jerundá",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ерунда́"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzdor",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вздор"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čušʹ",
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],
"word": "чушь"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "gd",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgudal"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "smeće"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "bezvezarije"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 0 90 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "skitsnack"
}
]
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "17 10 3 4 3 21 11 12 19",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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{
"_dis": "16 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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{
"_dis": "18 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 20",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1600, Amandus Polanus, “And thus Farre Concerning Open Enemies: Now Concerning Dissembled Enemies”, in [Elijahu and Thomas Wilcocks], transl., The Svbstanec^([sic – meaning Svbstance]) of Christian Religion, […], imprinted at London: By Arn[old] Hatfield for Felix Norton, […], →OCLC, book I, page 446:",
"text": "That Antichriſt is a man exerciſing a kingdome, the head of the vniuerſall Apoſtaſie, […] the Romane monarchie being diuided and fallen downe, out of the rubbiſhes whereof, he is by litle & litle riſen & increaſed, thorow the power and forcible working of Sathan, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1646, John Hall, “A Satire”, in Poems, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Printed by Roger Daniel, printer to the Universitie, for J. Rothwell, […], →OCLC; republished London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1816, →OCLC, book I, page 34:",
"text": "E'er since poor Cheapside cross in rubbage lay, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis: The Year of Wonders, 1666. […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], →OCLC, stanza 280, page 71:",
"text": "At length th' Almighty caſt a pitying eye, / And mercy ſoftly touch'd his melting breaſt: / He ſaw the town's one half in rubbiſh lie, / And eager flames give on to ſtorm the reſt.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Eighth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 441, lines 252–255:",
"text": "See, from afar, yon Rock that mates the Sky, / About whoſe Feet ſuch Heaps of Rubbiſh lye: / Such indigeſted Ruin; bleak and bare, / How deſart now it ſtands, expos'd in Air!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1790 July, “Art. III. Mr. [James] Bruce’s Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. [Article continued.]”, in The Monthly Review; or, Literary Journal, Enlarged, volume II, London: Printed for R[alph] Griffiths; and sold by T[homas] Becket, […], →OCLC, page 271:",
"text": "Nothing remains of Utica, excepting a heap of rubbiſh and ſmall ſtones: but the trenches and approaches of the ancient beſiegers are ſtill very perfect.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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[
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"debris"
],
[
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"ruins"
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[
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"building#Noun"
],
[
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"rubble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
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{
"_dis1": "6 2 1 90",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
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"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "руини"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 2 1 90",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "rauniot"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 2 1 90",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"word": "rakennusjäte"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 2 1 90",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "décombres"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 2 1 90",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šuta"
}
]
}
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],
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{
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"tags": [
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"word": "rubbage"
}
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"word": "rubbish"
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{
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"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
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"2": "rebbussa"
},
"expansion": "Latin rebbussa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "non",
"3": "rubba",
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"expansion": "Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "der"
},
{
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},
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"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more rubbish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbisher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most rubbish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbishest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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],
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
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{
"_dis": "18 10 3 7 5 22 7 13 15",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "18 10 4 10 5 20 8 12 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 4 7 8 20 8 12 13",
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"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
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"text": "This has been a rubbish day, and it’s about to get worse: my mother-in-law is coming to stay.",
"type": "example"
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{
"ref": "1989 June, Phil Snout [pseudonym; Phil South], “Rage Hard”, in Matt Bielby, editor, Your Sinclair, number 42, London: Dennis Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 82, column 1:",
"text": "Disk interfaces have been around since the year dot, as people soon realised that the microdrive was unreliable, unstable and generally rubbish for the storage of anything, useless except as a rather small beermat.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 May 6, Richard Adams, “English A-level with Russell Brand and Dizzee Rascal on reading list under fire”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "A-level students will study Russell Brand's views on drugs and Caitlin Moran's Twitter feed alongside more conventional literature in a new A-level that was immediately denounced as \"rubbish\" by sources at the Department for Education.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-adj-y7nguwka",
"links": [
[
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abysmal"
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{
"word": "crappy"
},
{
"word": "horrendous"
},
{
"word": "shitty"
},
{
"word": "terrible"
},
{
"word": "bad"
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{
"word": "low-quality"
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],
"tags": [
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"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lāji",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "垃圾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "爛"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "làn",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "烂"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "surkea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "pourri"
},
{
"alt": "くずのような",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuzu no yōna",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "屑のような"
},
{
"alt": "ごみのような",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gomi no yōna",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "ゴミのような"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "horrível"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"t": "to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną",
"t": "to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rubba",
"t": "to move, displace, dislodge, upset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rubbish",
"name": "en-interj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chiefly",
"3": "UK",
"4": "Irish",
"5": "Commonwealth",
"6": "colloquial"
},
"expansion": "(chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, colloquial)",
"name": "term-label"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rub‧bish"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 13 4 4 3 11 8 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 10 4 4 5 12 8 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 2 3 2 16 12 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 2 4 3 23 6 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 5 5 4 19 10 13 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 5 5 3 18 10 12 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 5 5 4 20 10 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 11 5 5 8 17 10 11 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 10 3 4 3 21 11 12 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The one day I actually practice my violin, the teacher cancels the lesson.\nAw, rubbish! Though at least this means you have time to play football.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express that something is exceedingly bad, awful, or terrible."
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-intj-G~J~Z3I6",
"links": [
[
"exceedingly",
"exceedingly#English"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#English"
],
[
"awful",
"awful#English"
],
[
"terrible",
"terrible#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Rubbish! I did nothing of the sort!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1906, Alfred Sutro, The Walls of Jericho: A Play in Four Acts, French’s Standard Library edition, New York, N.Y., London: Samuel French, →OCLC, act II, page 44:",
"text": "Rubbish, sir, rubbish! Pestilent and pernicious rubbish! An honest man must consider what he owes to his name and his rank. That is the first consideration.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue; balderdash!, nonsense!"
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-intj-8hclO3M3",
"links": [
[
"nonsense",
"nonsense#English"
],
[
"untrue",
"untrue#English"
],
[
"balderdash",
"balderdash"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bollocks"
},
{
"word": "bullshit"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gluposti",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "глупости"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "廢話"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèihuà",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "废话"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "húchě",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "胡扯"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "onzin"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "roskaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "n’importe quoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sisulele",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "სისულელე"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "Quatsch"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corbelleria"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cretinata"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "assurdità"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kudaranai",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "くだらない"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bakabakashii",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "ばかばかしい"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "meho"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 65",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "besteira"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rubbish.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-rubbish.ogg/En-us-rubbish.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-rubbish.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg/En-au-rubbish.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbɪʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "pahus"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "Müll"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shtu'yot",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "שטויות"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "szemét"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schifezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sciocchezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"alt": "くず",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuzu",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "クズ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"alt": "ごみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gomi",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "ゴミ"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "porcaria"
}
],
"word": "rubbish"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rubbisher"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"4": "",
"5": "rubbish, building rubble",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"t": "rubbish, building rubble"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "rubous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman rubous",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rebbussa"
},
"expansion": "Latin rebbussa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rubba",
"t": "to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną",
"t": "to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rubba",
"t": "to move, displace, dislodge, upset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rubbishes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbishing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbished",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbished",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rubbish (third-person singular simple present rubbishes, present participle rubbishing, simple past and past participle rubbished)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rub‧bish"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Commonwealth English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 2 1 9 8 11 2 28 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 10 5 6 7 10 13 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 4 4 3 11 8 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 10 4 4 5 12 8 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 2 3 2 16 12 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 5 8 6 21 7 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 2 4 3 23 6 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 5 5 4 19 10 13 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 3 7 5 22 7 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 5 5 3 18 10 12 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 5 5 4 20 10 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 11 5 5 8 17 10 11 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 4 10 5 20 8 12 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 4 7 8 20 8 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 3 7 5 22 7 15 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 10 3 4 3 21 11 12 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 3 7 5 22 8 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977 August 17, A[rthur] J[ames] Faulkner, “Human Rights Commission Bill”, in Parliamentary Debates (Hansard): Third Session, Thirty-eighth Parliament (House of Representatives), volume 412, Wellington: E. C. Keating, government printer, published 1978, →OCLC, pages 2307–2308:",
"text": "In my judgment, it is not Christian—I think that is the proper way to put it—to rubbish the leaders of our trade union movements, both employers' and workers'. [...] The employers are quite right in rubbishing this section. The recently retired Chief Ombudsman rubbished it. The insurance guild, not exactly known as a militant trade union until recently, has rubbished it. Twenty-nine leaders in our community have rubbished it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1995, Nick Hornby, chapter 13, in High Fidelity, London: Victor Gollancz, →ISBN, page 122:",
"text": "We're messing around at work, the three of us, getting ready to go home and rubbishing each other's five best side one track ones of all time [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Penelope Lively, chapter 1, in How It All Began, London: Fig Tree, Penguin Books, →ISBN; republished New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, 2012, →ISBN, page 11:",
"text": "Oh, there is fuel enough for the memoirs, even if Marion's eyes glaze over, periodically, during tea or one of Corrie's rather awful lunches [...]. The names flow forth, and are rubbished or extolled, [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Melanie Milburne, chapter 1, in The Virgin’s Price, London: Mill & Boon Sexy, →ISBN:",
"text": "'It's the first real acting job I've had and he completely rubbishes it. My career will be over before it even starts.' / 'I wouldn't take it too personally,' Shelley said as she reloaded the café dishwasher. 'Bryn Dwyer rubbishes just about everything. [...']",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 May 20, Barry Doe, “McLoughlin unfair with opinion of late-BR rail”, in Rail, page 65:",
"text": "Such irresponsible comments seem to me clearly an attempt for political reasons to rubbish a past that was of a far better quality than anything that exists today.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 July 15, Josh Noble, quoting Delia Smith, “‘Life is not a bowl of cherries’”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 3:",
"text": "Delia's Complete Cookery Course is still in print more than 40 years since its first publication. “Everybody did rubbish it,” she says.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To criticize, to denigrate, to denounce, to disparage."
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-verb-QGpzEwDS",
"links": [
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
],
[
"denigrate",
"denigrate"
],
[
"denounce",
"denounce"
],
[
"disparage",
"disparage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, colloquial) To criticize, to denigrate, to denounce, to disparage."
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "haukkua"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "moittia"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"alt": "こきおろす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokiorosu",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "こき下ろす"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"alt": "こくひょうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokuhyō suru",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "酷評する"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "criticar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hong Kong English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 10 5 6 7 10 13 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 4 4 3 11 8 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 10 4 4 5 12 8 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 2 3 2 16 12 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 5 8 6 21 7 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 11 2 4 3 23 6 13 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 5 5 4 19 10 13 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 3 7 5 22 7 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 5 5 3 18 10 12 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 12 5 5 4 20 10 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 11 5 5 8 17 10 11 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 4 10 5 20 8 12 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 4 7 8 20 8 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 9 3 7 5 22 7 15 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 10 3 4 3 21 11 12 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 3 4 3 20 10 12 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 3 7 5 22 8 13 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999 December 1, Cheng Chun-ping, quotee, “Special TV programme to disseminate keep clean messages”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):",
"text": "Speaking at today's (Tuesday) press conference to announce details of the show, Chairman of the Steering Committee, Mr Cheng Chun-ping urged members of the public to sustain their keep clean efforts and to let the message of the campaign slogan -- \"There is never any excuse to rubbish your home\" stride across the new Millennium.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007 March 8, Tika Viker-Bloss, “How to tackle the rising tide of litter in filthy Britain”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "In the 1970s there was a hugely successful campaign using the slogan: \"You wouldn't rubbish your home. Australia's your home. Don't rubbish Australia.\" The adverts compared tossing table scraps on to the carpet with throwing food packaging from a car. It worked.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To litter."
],
"id": "en-rubbish-en-verb-qpSFW~xo",
"links": [
[
"litter",
"litter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Australia, Hong Kong) To litter."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"Commonwealth",
"Hong-Kong",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rubbish.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbɪʃ"
}
],
"word": "rubbish"
}
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Commonwealth English",
"English adjectives",
"English colloquialisms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "good riddance to bad rubbish"
},
{
"word": "piece of rubbish"
},
{
"word": "Rose Garden rubbish"
},
{
"word": "rubbish bag"
},
{
"word": "rubbish bin"
},
{
"word": "rubbish dump"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"dated"
],
"word": "rubbishing"
},
{
"word": "rubbish in, rubbish out"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "rubbishly"
},
{
"word": "rubbishness"
},
{
"word": "rubbish pulley"
},
{
"word": "rubbishy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"4": "",
"5": "rubbish, building rubble",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"t": "rubbish, building rubble"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "rubous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman rubous",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rebbussa"
},
"expansion": "Latin rebbussa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rubba",
"t": "to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną",
"t": "to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rubba",
"t": "to move, displace, dislodge, upset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rubbishes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "rubbish (usually uncountable, plural rubbishes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rub‧bish"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "rubble"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Commonwealth English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The rubbish is collected every Thursday in Gloucester, but on Wednesdays in Cheltenham.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Rome is trash, rubbish and offal when it serves as inferior matter that is burned to illuminate so vile a thing as Caesar.",
"ref": "1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 113:",
"text": "What traſh is Rome? / What Rubbiſh and what Offall? when it ſerues / For the baſe matter, to illuminate / So vile a thing as Cæsar.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "[1747?] January 3, “[Literary Memoirs.] An Account of English Ants. By the Rev. William Gould, A.M. of Exeter-College, Oxon. London, printed for A[ndrew] Millar, 1747, 12mo. Pages 109, besides Preface and Dedication.”, in [Mark Akenside], editor, The Museum: Or, The Literary and Historical Register, volume II, number XXI, London: Printed for R[obert] Dodsley […], published 1746 (indicated on title page), →OCLC, page 272:",
"text": "[T]he Employments of the common Ants or Workers […] are partly the Management of the Young, and the Building their little Hills of Straw, Rubbiſh, and Particles of Earth, mixed with Blades of Graſs, into little Mounds or Ramparts, on which to expoſe the Eggs and Nymphs to the Sun-beams; their other great Employment is, in collecting Proviſions.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851 July 19, “The Value of Rubbish [from Chambers’ Journal]”, in E[liakim] Littell, editor, Littel’s Living Age, volume XXX, number CCCLXXIV, Boston, Mass.: Published by E. Littel & Company; Philadelphia, Pa.: Getz & Buck, […]; New York, N.Y.: Dewitt & Davenport, […], →OCLC, chapter XXII, page 125, column 2:",
"text": "In the course of this operation [the copper-fastening of new, or the re-coppering of old, vessels], and more especially in a repair of this latter description, old copper nails, stray pieces of bold and sheet copper, with other parings of a similar nature, are lost among the chips, or in the bottom of the dock. These chips are sold at an almost nominal price, as rubbish, to the smelters, who cart them away often in large quantities, burn the chips out, then wash and smelt the remainder, if necessary, in the ordinary manner.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1862 July, “Buchanan v. The Town of Galt”, in W[illiam] D[avis] Ardagh, Robert A[lexander] Harrison, editors, The Upper Canada Law Journal and Municipal and Local Courts’ Gazette, volume VII, Toronto, Ont.: Printed and published […] by W. C. Chewett & Co., →OCLC, page 182, column 1:",
"text": "The plaintiff claimed damages from the defendants for a breach of duty in allowing and permitting dirt and rubbish to be thrown or put upon a lane or public highway upon which his premises abutted. It appeared in evidence that the damage complained of was occasioned by the filling in and levelling a hollow in the lane, by means whereof the plaintiff's fence was pressed inwards, the filling in being done by private individuals throwing dirt and rubbish thereon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "[1939 May 4, James Joyce, Finnegans Wake, London: Faber and Faber Limited, →OCLC; republished London: Faber & Faber Limited, 1960, →OCLC, part I, page 17:",
"text": "Simply because as Taciturn pretells, our wrongstoryshortener, he dumptied the wholeborrow of rubbages on to soil here.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 11, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…] I was sleeping with my head on the wooden arm of a seat as six attendants of the theater converged with their night's total of swept-up rubbish and created a huge dusty pile that reached to my nose as I snored head down—till they almost swept me away too. […] Had they taken me with it, Dean would have never seen me again. He would have had to roam the entire United States and look in every garbage pail from coast to coast before he found me embryonically convoluted among the rubbishes of my life, his life, and the life of everybody concerned and not concerned.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Jody Sullivan Rake, “Rubbish-eating Goats”, in Abby Colich, editor, Rubbish Munchers of the Animal World, London: Raintree, Capstone Global Library, →ISBN, page 14:",
"text": "Goats are adventurous eaters. They nose around in rubbish looking for scraps of food.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Refuse, waste, garbage, junk, trash."
],
"links": [
[
"Refuse",
"refuse#Noun"
],
[
"waste",
"waste#Noun"
],
[
"garbage",
"garbage"
],
[
"junk",
"junk#Noun"
],
[
"trash",
"trash#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Commonwealth) Refuse, waste, garbage, junk, trash."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trash"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Commonwealth English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Much of what they sell is rubbish.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1793 February, “Art. 59. Scrapeana. Fugitive Miscellany. Small 8vo. pp. 352. 4s. sewed. Baldwin. 1792. [book review]”, in The Monthly Review; or, Literary Journal, Enlarged, volume X, London: Printed for R[alph] Griffiths; and sold by T[homas] Becket, […], →OCLC, page 232:",
"text": "[W]e may add that publications of this nature always contain much rubbiſh to make up the bulk; for to produce a neat collection of true wit, requires talents and judgment that would ſcarcely ſtoop to the taſk.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VIII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, page 65:",
"text": "\"And ain't you had nothing but that kind of rubbage to eat?\" / \"No, sah—nuffn' else.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An item, or items, of low quality."
],
"links": [
[
"item",
"item"
],
[
"low",
"low#Adjective"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, chiefly Commonwealth) An item, or items, of low quality."
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"broadly",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Commonwealth English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Everything the teacher said during that lesson was rubbish. How can she possibly think that a bass viol and a cello are the same thing?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1774 April, “Summary of the Arguments of the Council and Judges in the Great Cause, which was Lately Heard before the House of Peers, for Ascertaining the Right of Literary Property. […]”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XLIV, London: Printed […], for D[avid] Henry, and sold by F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 149, column 2:",
"text": "I ſhall […] lay out of my way the whole bede-roll of citations and precedents which they have produced, that heterogeneous heap of rubbiſh, which is only calculated to confound your Lordſhips, and miſlead the argument.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1923, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “Neighbours”, in Kangaroo, London: Martin Secker […], →OCLC, pages 27–28:",
"text": "\"Essays about what?\" / \"Oh—rubbish mostly.\" / There was a moment's pause. / \"Oh, Lovat, don't be so silly. You know you don't think your essays rubbish,\" put in Harriet. \"They're about life, and democracy, and equality, and all that sort of thing,\" Harriet explained.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1933, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], chapter II, in The Way of the Scarlet Pimpernel, New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, published 1934, →OCLC, pages 23–24:",
"text": "But just now she felt that there was something flippant and unseemly in talking such fantastic rubbish: dreams seemed out of place when reality was so heartbreaking.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonsense."
],
"links": [
[
"Nonsense",
"nonsense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, chiefly Commonwealth) Nonsense."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nonsense"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"broadly",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1600, Amandus Polanus, “And thus Farre Concerning Open Enemies: Now Concerning Dissembled Enemies”, in [Elijahu and Thomas Wilcocks], transl., The Svbstanec^([sic – meaning Svbstance]) of Christian Religion, […], imprinted at London: By Arn[old] Hatfield for Felix Norton, […], →OCLC, book I, page 446:",
"text": "That Antichriſt is a man exerciſing a kingdome, the head of the vniuerſall Apoſtaſie, […] the Romane monarchie being diuided and fallen downe, out of the rubbiſhes whereof, he is by litle & litle riſen & increaſed, thorow the power and forcible working of Sathan, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1646, John Hall, “A Satire”, in Poems, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Printed by Roger Daniel, printer to the Universitie, for J. Rothwell, […], →OCLC; republished London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1816, →OCLC, book I, page 34:",
"text": "E'er since poor Cheapside cross in rubbage lay, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis: The Year of Wonders, 1666. […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], →OCLC, stanza 280, page 71:",
"text": "At length th' Almighty caſt a pitying eye, / And mercy ſoftly touch'd his melting breaſt: / He ſaw the town's one half in rubbiſh lie, / And eager flames give on to ſtorm the reſt.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Eighth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 441, lines 252–255:",
"text": "See, from afar, yon Rock that mates the Sky, / About whoſe Feet ſuch Heaps of Rubbiſh lye: / Such indigeſted Ruin; bleak and bare, / How deſart now it ſtands, expos'd in Air!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1790 July, “Art. III. Mr. [James] Bruce’s Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. [Article continued.]”, in The Monthly Review; or, Literary Journal, Enlarged, volume II, London: Printed for R[alph] Griffiths; and sold by T[homas] Becket, […], →OCLC, page 271:",
"text": "Nothing remains of Utica, excepting a heap of rubbiſh and ſmall ſtones: but the trenches and approaches of the ancient beſiegers are ſtill very perfect.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Debris or ruins of buildings; rubble."
],
"links": [
[
"Debris",
"debris"
],
[
"ruins",
"ruins"
],
[
"buildings",
"building#Noun"
],
[
"rubble",
"rubble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Debris or ruins of buildings; rubble."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rubbish.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-rubbish.ogg/En-us-rubbish.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-rubbish.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg/En-au-rubbish.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbɪʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "rubbage"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bokluk",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "боклук"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brol"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"word": "roska"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"word": "Ramsch"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gaeteol",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"word": "개털"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "items of low quality",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "smeće"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gluposti",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "глупости"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "húchě",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "胡扯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiābāi",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "瞎掰"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèihuà",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "废话"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nesmysl"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "vrøvl"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "roska"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "luikuri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "palturi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "lööperi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "pöty"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "absurdités"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "inepties"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Quatsch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Blödsinn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Unsinn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Mist"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tríches",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "τρίχες"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aïdía",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αηδία"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "badarság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "butaság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "ostobaság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "nonszensz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "képtelenség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "marhaság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "hülyeség"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "ráiméis"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corbelleria"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cretinata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "assurdità"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kudaranai koto",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "くだらないこと"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bakabakashii koto",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "ばかばかしいこと"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gaeteol",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "개털"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "besteira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "asneira"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čepuxá",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чепуха́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "jerundá",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ерунда́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzdor",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вздор"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čušʹ",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чушь"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgudal"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "smeće"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "nonsense",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "bezvezarije"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "nonsense",
"word": "skitsnack"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ruini",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "руини"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "rauniot"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"word": "rakennusjäte"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "décombres"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "debris or ruins of buildings",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šuta"
}
],
"word": "rubbish"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Commonwealth English",
"English adjectives",
"English colloquialisms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
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"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
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],
"etymology_templates": [
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},
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more rubbish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbisher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most rubbish",
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]
},
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}
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Commonwealth English",
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Irish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This has been a rubbish day, and it’s about to get worse: my mother-in-law is coming to stay.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1989 June, Phil Snout [pseudonym; Phil South], “Rage Hard”, in Matt Bielby, editor, Your Sinclair, number 42, London: Dennis Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 82, column 1:",
"text": "Disk interfaces have been around since the year dot, as people soon realised that the microdrive was unreliable, unstable and generally rubbish for the storage of anything, useless except as a rather small beermat.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 May 6, Richard Adams, “English A-level with Russell Brand and Dizzee Rascal on reading list under fire”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "A-level students will study Russell Brand's views on drugs and Caitlin Moran's Twitter feed alongside more conventional literature in a new A-level that was immediately denounced as \"rubbish\" by sources at the Department for Education.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exceedingly bad; awful."
],
"links": [
[
"Exceedingly",
"exceedingly"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"awful",
"awful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, colloquial) Exceedingly bad; awful."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abysmal"
},
{
"word": "crappy"
},
{
"word": "horrendous"
},
{
"word": "shitty"
},
{
"word": "terrible"
},
{
"word": "bad"
},
{
"word": "low-quality"
}
],
"tags": [
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"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/"
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-ʌbɪʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lāji",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "垃圾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "爛"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "làn",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "烂"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "surkea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "pourri"
},
{
"alt": "くずのような",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuzu no yōna",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "屑のような"
},
{
"alt": "ごみのような",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gomi no yōna",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "ゴミのような"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exceedingly bad — see also awful",
"word": "horrível"
}
],
"word": "rubbish"
}
{
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"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
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"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "der"
},
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},
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"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
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"name": "term-label"
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],
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],
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"pos": "intj",
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],
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"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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"exceedingly#English"
],
[
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"bad#English"
],
[
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"awful#English"
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"terrible#English"
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],
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},
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Rubbish! I did nothing of the sort!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1906, Alfred Sutro, The Walls of Jericho: A Play in Four Acts, French’s Standard Library edition, New York, N.Y., London: Samuel French, →OCLC, act II, page 44:",
"text": "Rubbish, sir, rubbish! Pestilent and pernicious rubbish! An honest man must consider what he owes to his name and his rank. That is the first consideration.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue; balderdash!, nonsense!"
],
"links": [
[
"nonsense",
"nonsense#English"
],
[
"untrue",
"untrue#English"
],
[
"balderdash",
"balderdash"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bollocks"
},
{
"word": "bullshit"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbɪʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "pahus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "Müll"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shtu'yot",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "שטויות"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "szemét"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schifezza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sciocchezza"
},
{
"alt": "くず",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kuzu",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "クズ"
},
{
"alt": "ごみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gomi",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "ゴミ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "used to express that something is exceedingly bad",
"word": "porcaria"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gluposti",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "глупости"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "廢話"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèihuà",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "废话"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "húchě",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "胡扯"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "onzin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "roskaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "n’importe quoi"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sisulele",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "სისულელე"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "Quatsch"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corbelleria"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cretinata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "assurdità"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kudaranai",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "くだらない"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bakabakashii",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "ばかばかしい"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "meho"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "used to express that what was recently said is nonsense or untrue",
"word": "besteira"
}
],
"word": "rubbish"
}
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Commonwealth English",
"English adjectives",
"English colloquialisms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbɪʃ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rubbisher"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"4": "",
"5": "rubbish, building rubble",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robous",
"t": "rubbish, building rubble"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "rubous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman rubous",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rebbussa"
},
"expansion": "Latin rebbussa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rubba",
"t": "to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rubbōną",
"t": "to rub, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rubba",
"t": "to move, displace, dislodge, upset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English robous (“rubbish, building rubble”), further origin uncertain; possibly from Anglo-Norman rubous, rubouse, rubbouse (“refuse, waste material; building rubble”), and compare Anglo-Latin rebbussa, robousa, robusium, robusum, rubisum, rubusa, rubusium (although the Anglo-Norman and Anglo-Latin words may be derived from the English word instead of the other way around, as there are no known Old French cognates of the word). The English word may be related to rubble, though the connection is unclear. Possibly derived ultimately from Old Norse rubba (“to huddle, crowd together, heap up\", also possibly \"to rub, scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną (“to rub, scrape”). Compare Swedish rubba (“to move, displace, dislodge, upset”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rubbishes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbishing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbished",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rubbished",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rubbish (third-person singular simple present rubbishes, present participle rubbishing, simple past and past participle rubbished)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rub‧bish"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Commonwealth English",
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Irish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977 August 17, A[rthur] J[ames] Faulkner, “Human Rights Commission Bill”, in Parliamentary Debates (Hansard): Third Session, Thirty-eighth Parliament (House of Representatives), volume 412, Wellington: E. C. Keating, government printer, published 1978, →OCLC, pages 2307–2308:",
"text": "In my judgment, it is not Christian—I think that is the proper way to put it—to rubbish the leaders of our trade union movements, both employers' and workers'. [...] The employers are quite right in rubbishing this section. The recently retired Chief Ombudsman rubbished it. The insurance guild, not exactly known as a militant trade union until recently, has rubbished it. Twenty-nine leaders in our community have rubbished it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1995, Nick Hornby, chapter 13, in High Fidelity, London: Victor Gollancz, →ISBN, page 122:",
"text": "We're messing around at work, the three of us, getting ready to go home and rubbishing each other's five best side one track ones of all time [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Penelope Lively, chapter 1, in How It All Began, London: Fig Tree, Penguin Books, →ISBN; republished New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, 2012, →ISBN, page 11:",
"text": "Oh, there is fuel enough for the memoirs, even if Marion's eyes glaze over, periodically, during tea or one of Corrie's rather awful lunches [...]. The names flow forth, and are rubbished or extolled, [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Melanie Milburne, chapter 1, in The Virgin’s Price, London: Mill & Boon Sexy, →ISBN:",
"text": "'It's the first real acting job I've had and he completely rubbishes it. My career will be over before it even starts.' / 'I wouldn't take it too personally,' Shelley said as she reloaded the café dishwasher. 'Bryn Dwyer rubbishes just about everything. [...']",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 May 20, Barry Doe, “McLoughlin unfair with opinion of late-BR rail”, in Rail, page 65:",
"text": "Such irresponsible comments seem to me clearly an attempt for political reasons to rubbish a past that was of a far better quality than anything that exists today.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 July 15, Josh Noble, quoting Delia Smith, “‘Life is not a bowl of cherries’”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 3:",
"text": "Delia's Complete Cookery Course is still in print more than 40 years since its first publication. “Everybody did rubbish it,” she says.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To criticize, to denigrate, to denounce, to disparage."
],
"links": [
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
],
[
"denigrate",
"denigrate"
],
[
"denounce",
"denounce"
],
[
"disparage",
"disparage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, colloquial) To criticize, to denigrate, to denounce, to disparage."
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Hong Kong English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999 December 1, Cheng Chun-ping, quotee, “Special TV programme to disseminate keep clean messages”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):",
"text": "Speaking at today's (Tuesday) press conference to announce details of the show, Chairman of the Steering Committee, Mr Cheng Chun-ping urged members of the public to sustain their keep clean efforts and to let the message of the campaign slogan -- \"There is never any excuse to rubbish your home\" stride across the new Millennium.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007 March 8, Tika Viker-Bloss, “How to tackle the rising tide of litter in filthy Britain”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "In the 1970s there was a hugely successful campaign using the slogan: \"You wouldn't rubbish your home. Australia's your home. Don't rubbish Australia.\" The adverts compared tossing table scraps on to the carpet with throwing food packaging from a car. It worked.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To litter."
],
"links": [
[
"litter",
"litter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Australia, Hong Kong) To litter."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"Commonwealth",
"Hong-Kong",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rubbish.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/En-us-rubbish.ogg/En-us-rubbish.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/En-us-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-rubbish.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg/En-au-rubbish.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/En-au-rubbish.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbɪʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "haukkua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "moittia"
},
{
"alt": "こきおろす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokiorosu",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "こき下ろす"
},
{
"alt": "こくひょうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokuhyō suru",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "酷評する"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to criticize, denigrate — see also criticize, denigrate",
"word": "criticar"
}
],
"word": "rubbish"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rubbish meaning in English (48.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.