See wretched in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wretchedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wretchedness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wrecched",
"t": "(adjective) characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; (noun) miserable person"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wrecched (“(adjective) characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; (noun) miserable person”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vrechid, wreached, wrecchede, wrecchet, wrecchid, wrecchidde, wrecchide, wrecchud, wrecchyd, wrechched, wrechchedee, wrechchid, wrechchyd, wreched, wrechede, wrechid, wrechit, wrechyd, wrechyde, wretched, wretchid, wretchyd, wricched, wricchid, wriched, wrichede, wrichid, wroched, wrochit, wruchud, wrycched, wryched, (Scotland) wrachit, wrechit, wrechyt, wretchit, (Early Middle English) vreched",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wrecc"
},
"expansion": "Old English wrecc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wreċċa",
"t": "an exile, outcast"
},
"expansion": "Old English wreċċa (“an exile, outcast”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wreg-",
"t": "to follow, track; to hunt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wreg- (“to follow, track; to hunt”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wretch",
"3": "ed",
"id2": "adjectival",
"pos1": "adjective",
"pos2": "suffix forming adjectives",
"t1": "(obsolete) wretched"
},
"expansion": "wretch (“(obsolete) wretched”, adjective) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wrecched (“(adjective) characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; (noun) miserable person”) [and other forms], from wrecche (“characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; base, contemptible, vile; reprehensible, wicked; miserly, stingy; of little importance, paltry, worthless”) (from Late Old English wrecc, from Old English wreċċa (“an exile, outcast”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wreg- (“to follow, track; to hunt”)) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives). The English word is analysable as wretch (“(obsolete) wretched”, adjective) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wretched",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wretched",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more"
},
"expansion": "wretched (comparative more wretched, superlative most wretched)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wretch‧ed"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ratchet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wretch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchlessly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchlessness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Britain",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "wretchock"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 15 16 18 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I felt wretched after my wife died.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1576, George Whetstone, “The Arbour of Vertue, […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 174:",
"text": "Oh (men forlorne) how wretched is our ſtate, / Whome heaven and earth oppreſſe with heapes of hate!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v], page 199, column 2:",
"text": "[W]ho might be your mother / That you inſult, exult, and all at once / Ouer the vvretched?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1622 May 24 (licensing date), John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, “The Prophetesse”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act III, scene i, page 33, column 2:",
"text": "Sir, / vve are no Spinſters; nor, if you look upon us, / ſo vvretched as you take us.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 160, lines 1289–1292:",
"text": "Let theſe / Inſnare the vvretched in the toils of lavv, / Fomenting diſcord, and perplexing right, / An iron race!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1794 May 8, Ann Radcliffe, chapter I, in The Mysteries of Udolpho, a Romance; […], 2nd edition, volume IV, London: […] G. G. and J. Robinson, […], →OCLC, page 12:",
"text": "[…] Emily ſtood, ſilent and trembling, vvretched for herſelf and dreading to leave him in this ſtate of mind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1796, Robert Southey, “Book the Ninth”, in Joan of Arc, an Epic Poem, Bristol: […] Bulgin and Rosser, for Joseph Cottle, […], and Cadell and Davies, and G. G. and J. Robinson, […], →OCLC, pages 346–347, lines 618–621:",
"text": "From thence they came, / VVhere, in the next VVard, a most vvretched band / Groan'd underneath the bitter tyranny / Of a fierce Dæmon; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, Maxim Gorky, “My Fellow-traveller”, in J. [K.] M. Shirazi [et al.], transl., Creatures that Once were Men […], New York, N.Y.: Boni and Liveright, →OCLC, page 202:",
"text": "Every time the boat was thrown upward, Shakro shrieked wildly. As for me, I felt wretched and helpless, in the darkness, surrounded with angry waves, whose noise deafened me.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 April 11, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 3 – 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2023-01-27:",
"text": "Mario Balotelli replaced [Carlos] Tevez but his contribution was so negligible that he suffered the indignity of being substituted himself as time ran out, a development that encapsulated a wretched 90 minutes for City and boss Roberto Mancini.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable."
],
"id": "en-wretched-en-adj-TzUH~3Jo",
"links": [
[
"Characterized",
"characterize"
],
[
"feeling",
"feel#Verb"
],
[
"deep",
"deep#Adjective"
],
[
"affliction",
"affliction"
],
[
"distress",
"distress#Noun"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dejected"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchful"
},
{
"word": "lamentable"
},
{
"word": "sad"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ngratë"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džbaxt",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "դժբախտ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "bədbəxt"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zločest",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "злочест"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neštasten",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "нещастен"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "可怜的"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "zoufalý"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "nešťastný"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "zkroušený"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ellendig"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "õnnetu"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "onneton"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "surkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "viheliäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "misérable"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sabralo",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "საბრალო"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sacodavi",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "საცოდავი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "miserabel"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "sehr schlecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "erbärmlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "arms",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "wainahs",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ἄθλιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "abhāgā",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "अभागा"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nigoṛā",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "निगोड़ा"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kambaxt",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "कमबख़्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dīn",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दीन"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dukh kā mārā",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दुख का मारा"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "behāl",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बेहाल"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "badbaxt",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बदबख़्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "badqismat",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बदक़िस्मत"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "badansīb",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बदनसीब"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kaṅgāl",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "कंगाल"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "daridra",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दरिद्र"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mandbhāgī",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "मंदभागी"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "akṣem",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "अक्षेम"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "aimléiseach"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "aimlithe"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ainnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "dearóil"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "miser"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "béden",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "бе́ден"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nésreḱen",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "не́среќен"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "tūreikura"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "kummerlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "nędzny"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "miserável"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "mizerabil"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "nenorocit"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žálkij",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "жа́лкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nesčástnyj",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "несча́стный"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 1 6 7 12 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dīna",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दीन"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 15 16 18 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The street was full of wretched beggars dressed in rags.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 51:",
"text": "I had been here ſooner, but that, vvretched man that I am! I ſlept in the Arbour that ſtands on the Hillſide; nay, I had notvvithſtanding that, been here much ſooner, but that in my ſleep I loſt my Evidence, and came vvithout it to the brovv of the Hill; and then feeling for it, and finding it not, I vvas forced vvith ſorrovv of heart, to go back to the place vvhere I ſlept my ſleep, vvhere I found it, and novv I am come.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Three. The Second of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 117:",
"text": "From the foldings of its robe, it [the Ghost of Christmas Present] brought two children; wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable. They knelt down at its feet, and clung upon the outside of its garment.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1865, Thomas Carlyle, “Battle of Torgau”, in History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great, volume VI, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book XX, page 135:",
"text": "So I have withdrawn, like a bad little boy, to conceal myself, out of spite, in one of the wretchedest villages in Saxony.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Fyodor Dostoevsky, “Letters from the Underworld: Part II: Apropos of the Falling Sleet”, in C[harles] J[ames] Hogarth, transl., edited by Ernest Rhys, Letters from the Underworld (Everyman’s Library; no. 654), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Sons; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co., published 1937, →OCLC, section III, page 79:",
"text": "[…] Simonov would size me up, and despise me for my wretched vanity and want of spirit; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, Fyodor Dostoevsky, “Notes from Underground: A Novel: Part I: Underground”, in Constance Garnett, transl., White Nights and Other Stories […] (The Novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky; X), New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, section I, page 52:",
"text": "My room is a wretched, horrid one in the outskirts of the town.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXXVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 287:",
"text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything. In a moment she had dropped to the level of the casual labourer.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an inferior or unworthy nature or social status; contemptible, lowly."
],
"id": "en-wretched-en-adj-l9J4IodJ",
"links": [
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"unworthy",
"unworthy"
],
[
"nature",
"nature#Noun"
],
[
"social status",
"social status"
],
[
"contemptible",
"contemptible"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 15 16 18 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 16: Eumaeus]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part III [Nostos], page 598:",
"text": "All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad blood – bump of combativeness or gland of some kind, erroneously supposed to be about a punctilio of honour and a flag, – were very largely a question of the money question which was at the back of everything, greed and jealousy, people never knowing when to stop.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature; miserable, paltry, worthless."
],
"id": "en-wretched-en-adj-lLjcAEAY",
"links": [
[
"insignificant",
"insignificant"
],
[
"mean",
"mean#Adjective"
],
[
"poor",
"poor#Adjective"
],
[
"paltry",
"paltry"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trifling"
},
{
"word": "insignificant"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "bədbəxt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "miskin"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "okajan",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "окаян"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mizeren",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "мизерен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "ubohý"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "bídný"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "kasutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "väärtusetu"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "pahainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "surkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "wertlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mízeren",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "ми́зерен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "níštožen",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "ни́штожен"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "maldito"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 4 61 18 9 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ubogij",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "убогий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 4 3 44 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 5 6 47 16 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English intensifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 8 9 36 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ed (adjectival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 16 18 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 1 6 46 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 2 3 48 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 1 2 54 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 52 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 16 32 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 52 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 52 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 7 44 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 10 7 51 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 2 6 49 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 1 4 55 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 52 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 7 45 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 6 49 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 10 49 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 4 7 48 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 6 6 47 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 5 6 46 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 5 6 46 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 52 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 8 45 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 5 55 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 52 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 10 10 43 12 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 7 45 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 43 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 6 8 42 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 7 51 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 7 45 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 5 55 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 4 7 48 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 3 10 42 17 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, “The Sixth Vision of Hell”, in R[oger] L[’Estrange], transl., The Visions of Dom Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, […], London: […] H[enry] Herringman […], →OCLC, page 247:",
"text": "But a Devil came in juſt in the God-ſpeed, and told them; Gentlemen Philoſophers, (ſays he) if you vvould knovv the VVretched'ſt, and moſt contemptible thing in the VVorld; It is an Alchymiſt: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner causing contempt; base, despicable, wicked."
],
"id": "en-wretched-en-adj-WYEQFb9E",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"behaving",
"behave"
],
[
"causing",
"cause"
],
[
"contempt",
"contempt"
],
[
"base",
"base#Adjective"
],
[
"despicable",
"despicable#Adjective"
],
[
"wicked",
"wicked#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "despicable"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prezrjan",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "презрян"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "mizerný"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "zatracený"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "zpropadený"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "aĉa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "riivattu"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "erbärmlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "άθλιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eleeinós",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "ελεεινός"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "ἄθλιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "laknat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "klet",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "клет"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 3 84 4 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úžasen",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "у́жасен"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 15 16 18 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant; miserable."
],
"id": "en-wretched-en-adj-RXerAnPH",
"links": [
[
"weather",
"weather#Noun"
],
[
"causing",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"discomfort",
"discomfort#Noun"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 1 9 13 55 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "mizerný"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 9 13 55 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 9 13 55 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "loš",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "лош"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 9 13 55 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úžasen",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "у́жасен"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 9 13 55 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ódvraten",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "о́двратен"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 15 16 18 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Will you please stop playing that wretched trombone!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express annoyance towards or dislike of someone or something: bloody, damned."
],
"id": "en-wretched-en-adj-QK0TE3u7",
"links": [
[
"express",
"express#Verb"
],
[
"annoyance",
"annoyance#English"
],
[
"dislike",
"dislike#Noun"
],
[
"bloody",
"bloody#Adjective"
],
[
"damned",
"damned#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Used to express annoyance towards or dislike of someone or something: bloody, damned."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blasted"
},
{
"word": "bleeding"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛt͡ʃɪd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛt͡ʃəd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-wretched.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/En-us-wretched.ogg/En-us-wretched.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/En-us-wretched.ogg"
}
],
"word": "wretched"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English intensifiers",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wreg-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ed (adjectival)",
"English terms with unexpected syllabic -ed",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"en:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "wretchedly"
},
{
"word": "wretchedness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wrecched",
"t": "(adjective) characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; (noun) miserable person"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wrecched (“(adjective) characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; (noun) miserable person”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vrechid, wreached, wrecchede, wrecchet, wrecchid, wrecchidde, wrecchide, wrecchud, wrecchyd, wrechched, wrechchedee, wrechchid, wrechchyd, wreched, wrechede, wrechid, wrechit, wrechyd, wrechyde, wretched, wretchid, wretchyd, wricched, wricchid, wriched, wrichede, wrichid, wroched, wrochit, wruchud, wrycched, wryched, (Scotland) wrachit, wrechit, wrechyt, wretchit, (Early Middle English) vreched",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wrecc"
},
"expansion": "Old English wrecc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wreċċa",
"t": "an exile, outcast"
},
"expansion": "Old English wreċċa (“an exile, outcast”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wreg-",
"t": "to follow, track; to hunt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wreg- (“to follow, track; to hunt”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wretch",
"3": "ed",
"id2": "adjectival",
"pos1": "adjective",
"pos2": "suffix forming adjectives",
"t1": "(obsolete) wretched"
},
"expansion": "wretch (“(obsolete) wretched”, adjective) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wrecched (“(adjective) characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; (noun) miserable person”) [and other forms], from wrecche (“characterized by or suffering hardship or misfortune, miserable, unfortunate, unhappy; indigent, poor; of low economic or social status, lowly; base, contemptible, vile; reprehensible, wicked; miserly, stingy; of little importance, paltry, worthless”) (from Late Old English wrecc, from Old English wreċċa (“an exile, outcast”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wreg- (“to follow, track; to hunt”)) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives). The English word is analysable as wretch (“(obsolete) wretched”, adjective) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wretched",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wretched",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more"
},
"expansion": "wretched (comparative more wretched, superlative most wretched)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wretch‧ed"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ratchet"
},
{
"word": "wretch"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchful"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchlessly"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchlessness"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchless"
},
{
"tags": [
"Britain",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "wretchock"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I felt wretched after my wife died.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1576, George Whetstone, “The Arbour of Vertue, […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 174:",
"text": "Oh (men forlorne) how wretched is our ſtate, / Whome heaven and earth oppreſſe with heapes of hate!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v], page 199, column 2:",
"text": "[W]ho might be your mother / That you inſult, exult, and all at once / Ouer the vvretched?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1622 May 24 (licensing date), John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, “The Prophetesse”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act III, scene i, page 33, column 2:",
"text": "Sir, / vve are no Spinſters; nor, if you look upon us, / ſo vvretched as you take us.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 160, lines 1289–1292:",
"text": "Let theſe / Inſnare the vvretched in the toils of lavv, / Fomenting diſcord, and perplexing right, / An iron race!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1794 May 8, Ann Radcliffe, chapter I, in The Mysteries of Udolpho, a Romance; […], 2nd edition, volume IV, London: […] G. G. and J. Robinson, […], →OCLC, page 12:",
"text": "[…] Emily ſtood, ſilent and trembling, vvretched for herſelf and dreading to leave him in this ſtate of mind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1796, Robert Southey, “Book the Ninth”, in Joan of Arc, an Epic Poem, Bristol: […] Bulgin and Rosser, for Joseph Cottle, […], and Cadell and Davies, and G. G. and J. Robinson, […], →OCLC, pages 346–347, lines 618–621:",
"text": "From thence they came, / VVhere, in the next VVard, a most vvretched band / Groan'd underneath the bitter tyranny / Of a fierce Dæmon; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, Maxim Gorky, “My Fellow-traveller”, in J. [K.] M. Shirazi [et al.], transl., Creatures that Once were Men […], New York, N.Y.: Boni and Liveright, →OCLC, page 202:",
"text": "Every time the boat was thrown upward, Shakro shrieked wildly. As for me, I felt wretched and helpless, in the darkness, surrounded with angry waves, whose noise deafened me.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 April 11, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 3 – 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2023-01-27:",
"text": "Mario Balotelli replaced [Carlos] Tevez but his contribution was so negligible that he suffered the indignity of being substituted himself as time ran out, a development that encapsulated a wretched 90 minutes for City and boss Roberto Mancini.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable."
],
"links": [
[
"Characterized",
"characterize"
],
[
"feeling",
"feel#Verb"
],
[
"deep",
"deep#Adjective"
],
[
"affliction",
"affliction"
],
[
"distress",
"distress#Noun"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dejected"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wretchful"
},
{
"word": "lamentable"
},
{
"word": "sad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The street was full of wretched beggars dressed in rags.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 51:",
"text": "I had been here ſooner, but that, vvretched man that I am! I ſlept in the Arbour that ſtands on the Hillſide; nay, I had notvvithſtanding that, been here much ſooner, but that in my ſleep I loſt my Evidence, and came vvithout it to the brovv of the Hill; and then feeling for it, and finding it not, I vvas forced vvith ſorrovv of heart, to go back to the place vvhere I ſlept my ſleep, vvhere I found it, and novv I am come.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Three. The Second of the Three Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 117:",
"text": "From the foldings of its robe, it [the Ghost of Christmas Present] brought two children; wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable. They knelt down at its feet, and clung upon the outside of its garment.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1865, Thomas Carlyle, “Battle of Torgau”, in History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great, volume VI, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book XX, page 135:",
"text": "So I have withdrawn, like a bad little boy, to conceal myself, out of spite, in one of the wretchedest villages in Saxony.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Fyodor Dostoevsky, “Letters from the Underworld: Part II: Apropos of the Falling Sleet”, in C[harles] J[ames] Hogarth, transl., edited by Ernest Rhys, Letters from the Underworld (Everyman’s Library; no. 654), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Sons; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co., published 1937, →OCLC, section III, page 79:",
"text": "[…] Simonov would size me up, and despise me for my wretched vanity and want of spirit; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, Fyodor Dostoevsky, “Notes from Underground: A Novel: Part I: Underground”, in Constance Garnett, transl., White Nights and Other Stories […] (The Novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky; X), New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, section I, page 52:",
"text": "My room is a wretched, horrid one in the outskirts of the town.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXXVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 287:",
"text": "This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything. In a moment she had dropped to the level of the casual labourer.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an inferior or unworthy nature or social status; contemptible, lowly."
],
"links": [
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"unworthy",
"unworthy"
],
[
"nature",
"nature#Noun"
],
[
"social status",
"social status"
],
[
"contemptible",
"contemptible"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 16: Eumaeus]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part III [Nostos], page 598:",
"text": "All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad blood – bump of combativeness or gland of some kind, erroneously supposed to be about a punctilio of honour and a flag, – were very largely a question of the money question which was at the back of everything, greed and jealousy, people never knowing when to stop.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature; miserable, paltry, worthless."
],
"links": [
[
"insignificant",
"insignificant"
],
[
"mean",
"mean#Adjective"
],
[
"poor",
"poor#Adjective"
],
[
"paltry",
"paltry"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trifling"
},
{
"word": "insignificant"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, “The Sixth Vision of Hell”, in R[oger] L[’Estrange], transl., The Visions of Dom Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, […], London: […] H[enry] Herringman […], →OCLC, page 247:",
"text": "But a Devil came in juſt in the God-ſpeed, and told them; Gentlemen Philoſophers, (ſays he) if you vvould knovv the VVretched'ſt, and moſt contemptible thing in the VVorld; It is an Alchymiſt: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner causing contempt; base, despicable, wicked."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"behaving",
"behave"
],
[
"causing",
"cause"
],
[
"contempt",
"contempt"
],
[
"base",
"base#Adjective"
],
[
"despicable",
"despicable#Adjective"
],
[
"wicked",
"wicked#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "despicable"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant; miserable."
],
"links": [
[
"weather",
"weather#Noun"
],
[
"causing",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"discomfort",
"discomfort#Noun"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Will you please stop playing that wretched trombone!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to express annoyance towards or dislike of someone or something: bloody, damned."
],
"links": [
[
"express",
"express#Verb"
],
[
"annoyance",
"annoyance#English"
],
[
"dislike",
"dislike#Noun"
],
[
"bloody",
"bloody#Adjective"
],
[
"damned",
"damned#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Used to express annoyance towards or dislike of someone or something: bloody, damned."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blasted"
},
{
"word": "bleeding"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛt͡ʃɪd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛt͡ʃəd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-wretched.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/En-us-wretched.ogg/En-us-wretched.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/En-us-wretched.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ngratë"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džbaxt",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "դժբախտ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "bədbəxt"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zločest",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "злочест"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neštasten",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "нещастен"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "可怜的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "zoufalý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "nešťastný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "zkroušený"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ellendig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "õnnetu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "onneton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "surkea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "viheliäinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "misérable"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sabralo",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "საბრალო"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sacodavi",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "საცოდავი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "miserabel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "sehr schlecht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "erbärmlich"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "arms",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "wainahs",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ἄθλιος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "abhāgā",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "अभागा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nigoṛā",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "निगोड़ा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kambaxt",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "कमबख़्त"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dīn",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दीन"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dukh kā mārā",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दुख का मारा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "behāl",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बेहाल"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "badbaxt",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बदबख़्त"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "badqismat",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बदक़िस्मत"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "badansīb",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "बदनसीब"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kaṅgāl",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "कंगाल"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "daridra",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दरिद्र"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mandbhāgī",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "मंदभागी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "akṣem",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "अक्षेम"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "aimléiseach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "aimlithe"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "ainnis"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "dearóil"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "miser"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "béden",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "бе́ден"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nésreḱen",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "не́среќен"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "tūreikura"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "kummerlig"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "nędzny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "miserável"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "mizerabil"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "nenorocit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žálkij",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "жа́лкий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nesčástnyj",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "несча́стный"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dīna",
"sense": "characterized by or feeling deep affliction or distress; very miserable",
"word": "दीन"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "bədbəxt"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "miskin"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "okajan",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "окаян"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mizeren",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "мизерен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "ubohý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "bídný"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "kasutu"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "väärtusetu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "pahainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "surkea"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "wertlos"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mízeren",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "ми́зерен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "níštožen",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "ни́штожен"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "maldito"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ubogij",
"sense": "of an insignificant, mean, or poor nature — see also worthless",
"word": "убогий"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prezrjan",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "презрян"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "mizerný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "zatracený"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "zpropadený"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "aĉa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "riivattu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "erbärmlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "άθλιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eleeinós",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "ελεεινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "ἄθλιος"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "laknat"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "klet",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "клет"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úžasen",
"sense": "of a person, etc.: behaving in a manner deserving contempt",
"word": "у́жасен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "mizerný"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "kurja"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "loš",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "лош"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úžasen",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "у́жасен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ódvraten",
"sense": "of weather: causing much discomfort; very unpleasant — see also miserable",
"word": "о́двратен"
}
],
"word": "wretched"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wretched meaning in English (27.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.