See grievous in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grievous bodily harm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷreh₂-"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grevous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grevous",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "grevous"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "grever"
},
"expansion": "Old French grever",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gravō",
"4": "",
"5": "I burden"
},
"expansion": "Latin gravō (“I burden”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grief",
"3": "ous"
},
"expansion": "grief + -ous",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grevous, from Anglo-Norman grevous, from Old French grever, from Latin gravō (“I burden”). Developed in the 13th century. Equivalent to grief + -ous.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grievous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grievous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grievous (comparative more grievous, superlative most grievous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
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{
"_dis": "91 9",
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{
"_dis": "91 9",
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},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
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"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Age and Youth”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "No wonder that the old man's eye dwelt upon her with mingled pride and tenderness; yet was it a face that might cause affection many an anxious hour, for there was mind in the lofty and clear forehead, heart in the warm and flushed cheek,—and what are mind and heart to woman, but fairy gifts, for whose possession a grievous price will be exacted.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1943 May and June, “Notes and News: Centenary of Railway to Colchester”, in Railway Magazine, page 176:",
"text": "Heavy rain had so undermined the approach to the bridge at Mountnessing as to make it unsafe, and although Chelmsford and Colchester had decked themselves with flags and bunting, the train returned to London \"with grievous disappointment to all.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Causing grief, pain, or sorrow."
],
"id": "en-grievous-en-adj-AYmF3bDo",
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skrǎben",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "скръбен"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pečalen",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "печален"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎčitelen",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "мъчителен"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "pijnlijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "schmerzlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lupērós",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "λυπηρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mogerós",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "μογερός"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "dureros"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mučítelʹnyj",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "мучи́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pečálʹnyj",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "печа́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "allvarlig"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, “How My Sea Adventure Began”, in Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC, part V (My Sea Adventure), page 176:",
"text": "As for the captain, his wounds were grievous indeed, but not dangerous.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Serious, grave, dire, or dangerous."
],
"id": "en-grievous-en-adj-8HTr6laO",
"links": [
[
"Serious",
"serious"
],
[
"grave",
"grave"
],
[
"dire",
"dire"
],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "težǎk",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "тежък"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "seriozen",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "сериозен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "álvarsamur"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "álvarsligur"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "ernst"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "ernsthaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "schwerwiegend"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažkij",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
],
"word": "тяжкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "allvarlig"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiː.vəs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-grievous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grievous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grievous.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-iːvəs"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiː.viː.əs/",
"note": "nonstandard outside dialects"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "greuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "greevous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "gravious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grievious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "less common / nonstandard outside dialects",
"word": "grevious"
}
],
"word": "grievous"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷreh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ous",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːvəs",
"Rhymes:English/iːvəs/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grievous bodily harm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grevous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grevous",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "grevous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman grevous",
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},
{
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"2": "fro",
"3": "grever"
},
"expansion": "Old French grever",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gravō",
"4": "",
"5": "I burden"
},
"expansion": "Latin gravō (“I burden”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grief",
"3": "ous"
},
"expansion": "grief + -ous",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grevous, from Anglo-Norman grevous, from Old French grever, from Latin gravō (“I burden”). Developed in the 13th century. Equivalent to grief + -ous.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grievous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grievous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grievous (comparative more grievous, superlative most grievous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Age and Youth”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "No wonder that the old man's eye dwelt upon her with mingled pride and tenderness; yet was it a face that might cause affection many an anxious hour, for there was mind in the lofty and clear forehead, heart in the warm and flushed cheek,—and what are mind and heart to woman, but fairy gifts, for whose possession a grievous price will be exacted.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1943 May and June, “Notes and News: Centenary of Railway to Colchester”, in Railway Magazine, page 176:",
"text": "Heavy rain had so undermined the approach to the bridge at Mountnessing as to make it unsafe, and although Chelmsford and Colchester had decked themselves with flags and bunting, the train returned to London \"with grievous disappointment to all.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Causing grief, pain, or sorrow."
],
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, “How My Sea Adventure Began”, in Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC, part V (My Sea Adventure), page 176:",
"text": "As for the captain, his wounds were grievous indeed, but not dangerous.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Serious, grave, dire, or dangerous."
],
"links": [
[
"Serious",
"serious"
],
[
"grave",
"grave"
],
[
"dire",
"dire"
],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiː.vəs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-grievous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grievous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-grievous.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-iːvəs"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiː.viː.əs/",
"note": "nonstandard outside dialects"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "greuous"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "greevous"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "gravious"
},
{
"word": "grievious"
},
{
"english": "less common / nonstandard outside dialects",
"word": "grevious"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skrǎben",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "скръбен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pečalen",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "печален"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎčitelen",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "мъчителен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "pijnlijk"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "schmerzlich"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lupērós",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "λυπηρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mogerós",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "μογερός"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "dureros"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mučítelʹnyj",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "мучи́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pečálʹnyj",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"word": "печа́льный"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "causing grief, pain or sorrow",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "allvarlig"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "težǎk",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "тежък"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "seriozen",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "сериозен"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "álvarsamur"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "álvarsligur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "ernst"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "ernsthaft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"word": "schwerwiegend"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažkij",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
],
"word": "тяжкий"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "serious, grave, dire or dangerous",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "allvarlig"
}
],
"word": "grievous"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grievous meaning in English (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.