"vile" meaning in English

See vile in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /vaɪ(ə)l/ Audio: en-us-vial.ogg , LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-vile.wav Forms: viler [comparative], more vile [comparative], vilest [superlative], most vile [superlative]
Rhymes: -aɪl Etymology: From Middle English vile, vyle, vyl, from Anglo-Norman ville, Old French vil, vile, from Latin vīlis. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|vile}} Middle English vile, {{der|en|xno|ville}} Anglo-Norman ville, {{der|en|fro|vil}} Old French vil, {{der|en|la|vīlis}} Latin vīlis Head templates: {{en-adj|er|more}} vile (comparative viler or more vile, superlative vilest or most vile)
  1. Morally low; base; despicable. Synonyms (morally low): base, despicable, mean, ignoble, inappropriate Translations (morally low): وضيع (waḍyʕ) [masculine] (Arabic), զազրելի (zazreli) (Armenian), նողկալի (noġkali) (Armenian), ստոր (stor) (Armenian), պիղծ (piġc) (Armenian), паскудны (paskudny) (Belarusian), гнюсны (hnjusny) (Belarusian), нізкі (nizki) (Belarusian), подлы (pódly) (Belarusian), низък (nizǎk) (Bulgarian), долен (dolen) (Bulgarian), подъл (podǎl) (Bulgarian), vil (Catalan), 卑鄙 (bēibǐ) (Chinese Mandarin), hnusný (Czech), odporný (Czech), verachtelijk (Dutch), katala (Finnish), alhainen (Finnish), vil (French), vil [feminine, masculine] (Galician), უნამუსო (unamuso) (Georgian), საძაგელი (saʒageli) (Georgian), საზიზღარი (sazizɣari) (Georgian), ბილწი (bilc̣i) (Georgian), abscheulich (German), gemein (German), schnöde (German), πρόστυχος (próstychos) [masculine] (Greek), χυδαίος (chydaíos) [masculine] (Greek), hitvány (Hungarian), aljas (Hungarian), viðbjóðslegur (Icelandic), andstyggilegur (Icelandic), abietto (Italian), basso (Italian), ignobile (Italian), 卑しい (iyashii) (Japanese), 汚い (kitanai) (Japanese), 卑劣な (hiretsu na) (Japanese), ទាប (tiep) (Khmer), 사악한 (saakhan) (Korean), zemisks (Latvian), nekrietns (Latvian), netikumisks (Latvian), netikumīgs (Latvian), низок (nizok) [masculine] (Macedonian), долен (dolen) [masculine] (Macedonian), омразен (omrazen) [masculine] (Macedonian), earg (Old English), podły (Polish), niecny (Polish), nikczemny (Polish), vil (Portuguese), гну́сный (gnúsnyj) (Russian), по́длый (pódlyj) (Russian), ни́зкий (nízkij) (Russian), ме́рзкий (mérzkij) (Russian), vil (Spanish), alçak (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-vile-en-adj-pTU6WmHu Disambiguation of 'morally low': 100 0 Disambiguation of 'morally low': 100 0
  2. Causing physical or mental repulsion; horrid. Translations (causing repulsion): гаден (gaden) (Bulgarian), противен (protiven) (Bulgarian), odporný (Czech), děsný (Czech), ohavný (Czech), inhottava (Finnish), ocsmány (Hungarian), visszataszító (Hungarian), undorító (Hungarian), niedatrajchtich (Plautdietsch), vil (Portuguese), torpe (Portuguese), abjeto [Portugal] (Portuguese), abjecto [Brazil] (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en-vile-en-adj-s-C6HsuS Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 12 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Plautdietsch translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 83 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 16 84 Disambiguation of Pages with 12 entries: 6 50 0 3 12 4 14 12 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 61 0 2 9 3 11 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 22 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 25 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 30 70 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 32 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Khmer translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 22 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 21 79 Disambiguation of Terms with Plautdietsch translations: 3 97 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 24 76 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 22 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 23 77 Disambiguation of 'causing repulsion': 1 99
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: vilify Related terms: corpus vile, durance vile, vile vortex

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vilify"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "vile"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English vile",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "ville"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman ville",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "vil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French vil",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vīlis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vīlis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English vile, vyle, vyl, from Anglo-Norman ville, Old French vil, vile, from Latin vīlis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "viler",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more vile",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vilest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most vile",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "vile (comparative viler or more vile, superlative vilest or most vile)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "corpus vile"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "durance vile"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vile vortex"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vile accusation",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile man",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1842 February 22, Abraham Lincoln, “Address Before the Springfield Washingtonian Temperance Society”, in Arthur Brooks Lapsley, editor, The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln:",
          "text": "Turn now to the temperance revolution. In it we shall find a stronger bondage broken, a viler slavery manumitted, a greater tyrant deposed; in it, more of want supplied, more disease healed, more sorrow assuaged.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1870, William Minto, “Daniel Defoe”, in Acme Library of Standard Biography:",
          "text": "The parties stooped to vile and unbecoming meannesses; infinite briberies, forgeries, perjuries, and all manners of debauchings of the principles and manners of the electors were attempted.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 January 1, “Cultivating Myself Well and Helping People to Understand the Truth about Falun Dafa”, in Minghui:",
          "text": "People crave human decency, warmth, and sincerity even in the vilest of circumstances…",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Morally low; base; despicable."
      ],
      "id": "en-vile-en-adj-pTU6WmHu",
      "links": [
        [
          "Morally",
          "morally"
        ],
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "despicable",
          "despicable"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "base"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "despicable"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "mean"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ignoble"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "inappropriate"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "waḍyʕ",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "وضيع"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "zazreli",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "զազրելի"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "noġkali",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "նողկալի"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "stor",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ստոր"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "piġc",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "պիղծ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "paskudny",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "паскудны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "hnjusny",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "гнюсны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "nizki",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "нізкі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "pódly",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "подлы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "nizǎk",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "низък"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "dolen",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "долен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "podǎl",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "подъл"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "vil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bēibǐ",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "卑鄙"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "hnusný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "odporný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "verachtelijk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "katala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "alhainen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "vil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "unamuso",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "უნამუსო"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "saʒageli",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "საძაგელი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "sazizɣari",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "საზიზღარი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "bilc̣i",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ბილწი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "abscheulich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "gemein"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "schnöde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "próstychos",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "πρόστυχος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "chydaíos",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "χυδαίος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "hitvány"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "aljas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "viðbjóðslegur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "andstyggilegur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "abietto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "basso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ignobile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "iyashii",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "卑しい"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kitanai",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "汚い"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hiretsu na",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "卑劣な"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "tiep",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ទាប"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "saakhan",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "사악한"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "zemisks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "nekrietns"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "netikumisks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "netikumīgs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "nizok",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "низок"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "dolen",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "долен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "omrazen",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "омразен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "earg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "podły"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "niecny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "nikczemny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "vil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "gnúsnyj",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "гну́сный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pódlyj",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "по́длый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nízkij",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ни́зкий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mérzkij",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "ме́рзкий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "vil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "morally low",
          "word": "alçak"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "16 84",
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        {
          "_dis": "6 50 0 3 12 4 14 12",
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          "_dis": "25 75",
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          "_dis": "16 84",
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          "_dis": "23 77",
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          "_dis": "17 83",
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        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
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          "_dis": "23 77",
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          "_dis": "17 83",
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          "_dis": "30 70",
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        {
          "_dis": "32 68",
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        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
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        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
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        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
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        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
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        {
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I glimpsed a vile squid-like creature in the depths.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile taste",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile smell",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile smile",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile substance",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile weather",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Causing physical or mental repulsion; horrid."
      ],
      "id": "en-vile-en-adj-s-C6HsuS",
      "links": [
        [
          "physical",
          "physical"
        ],
        [
          "mental",
          "mental"
        ],
        [
          "repulsion",
          "repulsion"
        ],
        [
          "horrid",
          "horrid"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "gaden",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "гаден"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "protiven",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "противен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "odporný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "děsný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "ohavný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "inhottava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "ocsmány"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "visszataszító"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "undorító"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "niedatrajchtich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "vil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "word": "torpe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "tags": [
            "Portugal"
          ],
          "word": "abjeto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "causing repulsion",
          "tags": [
            "Brazil"
          ],
          "word": "abjecto"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/vaɪ(ə)l/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-vial.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-vial.ogg/En-us-vial.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-vial.ogg"
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      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-vile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vile.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "vial"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vile"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪl",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪl/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "vilify"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "vile"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English vile",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "ville"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman ville",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "vil"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French vil",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vīlis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vīlis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English vile, vyle, vyl, from Anglo-Norman ville, Old French vil, vile, from Latin vīlis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "viler",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more vile",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vilest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most vile",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "vile (comparative viler or more vile, superlative vilest or most vile)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "corpus vile"
    },
    {
      "word": "durance vile"
    },
    {
      "word": "vile vortex"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vile accusation",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile man",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1842 February 22, Abraham Lincoln, “Address Before the Springfield Washingtonian Temperance Society”, in Arthur Brooks Lapsley, editor, The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln:",
          "text": "Turn now to the temperance revolution. In it we shall find a stronger bondage broken, a viler slavery manumitted, a greater tyrant deposed; in it, more of want supplied, more disease healed, more sorrow assuaged.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1870, William Minto, “Daniel Defoe”, in Acme Library of Standard Biography:",
          "text": "The parties stooped to vile and unbecoming meannesses; infinite briberies, forgeries, perjuries, and all manners of debauchings of the principles and manners of the electors were attempted.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 January 1, “Cultivating Myself Well and Helping People to Understand the Truth about Falun Dafa”, in Minghui:",
          "text": "People crave human decency, warmth, and sincerity even in the vilest of circumstances…",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Morally low; base; despicable."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Morally",
          "morally"
        ],
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "despicable",
          "despicable"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I glimpsed a vile squid-like creature in the depths.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile taste",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile smell",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile smile",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile substance",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vile weather",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Causing physical or mental repulsion; horrid."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physical",
          "physical"
        ],
        [
          "mental",
          "mental"
        ],
        [
          "repulsion",
          "repulsion"
        ],
        [
          "horrid",
          "horrid"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/vaɪ(ə)l/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-vial.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-vial.ogg/En-us-vial.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-vial.ogg"
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    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-vile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vile.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vile.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "vial"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "base"
    },
    {
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "despicable"
    },
    {
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "mean"
    },
    {
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ignoble"
    },
    {
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "inappropriate"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "waḍyʕ",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "وضيع"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "zazreli",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "զազրելի"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "noġkali",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "նողկալի"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "stor",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ստոր"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "piġc",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "պիղծ"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "paskudny",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "паскудны"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "hnjusny",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "гнюсны"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "nizki",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "нізкі"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "pódly",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "подлы"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "nizǎk",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "низък"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "dolen",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "долен"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "podǎl",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "подъл"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "vil"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bēibǐ",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "卑鄙"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "hnusný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "odporný"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "verachtelijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "katala"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "alhainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "vil"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "unamuso",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "უნამუსო"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "saʒageli",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "საძაგელი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "sazizɣari",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "საზიზღარი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "bilc̣i",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ბილწი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "abscheulich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "gemein"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "schnöde"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "próstychos",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "πρόστυχος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "chydaíos",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "χυδαίος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "hitvány"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "aljas"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "viðbjóðslegur"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "andstyggilegur"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "abietto"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "basso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ignobile"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "iyashii",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "卑しい"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kitanai",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "汚い"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hiretsu na",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "卑劣な"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "tiep",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ទាប"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "saakhan",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "사악한"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "zemisks"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "nekrietns"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "netikumisks"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "netikumīgs"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "nizok",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "низок"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "dolen",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "долен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "omrazen",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "омразен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "earg"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "podły"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "niecny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "nikczemny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "vil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "gnúsnyj",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "гну́сный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pódlyj",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "по́длый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nízkij",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ни́зкий"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mérzkij",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "ме́рзкий"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "vil"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "morally low",
      "word": "alçak"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "gaden",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "гаден"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "protiven",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "противен"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "odporný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "děsný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "ohavný"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "inhottava"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "ocsmány"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "visszataszító"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "undorító"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "niedatrajchtich"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "vil"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "word": "torpe"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ],
      "word": "abjeto"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "causing repulsion",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ],
      "word": "abjecto"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vile"
}

Download raw JSONL data for vile meaning in English (12.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.