"miser" meaning in Latin

See miser in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈmi.ser/ [Classical], [ˈmɪs̠ɛr] [Classical], /ˈmi.ser/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈmiːs̬er] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*misseros}} Proto-Italic *misseros, {{der|la|ine-pro|*mēwdʰ-||to complain, be emotional about}} Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”), {{m|la|maereō}} maereō, {{m|grc|μῖσος||hatred}} μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”) Head templates: {{la-adj|miser|adv=miserē or miseriter|comp=miserior|sup=miserrimus}} miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er) Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|miser}} Forms: misera [feminine], miserum [neuter], miserior [comparative], miserrimus [superlative], miserē [adverb], miseriter [adverb], in -er [masculine, nominative, singular], no-table-tags [table-tags], miser [masculine, nominative, singular], misera [feminine, nominative, singular], miserum [neuter, nominative, singular], miserī [masculine, nominative, plural], miserae [feminine, nominative, plural], misera [neuter, nominative, plural], miserī [genitive, masculine, singular], miserae [feminine, genitive, singular], miserī [genitive, neuter, singular], miserōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], miserārum [feminine, genitive, plural], miserōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], miserō [dative, masculine, singular], miserae [dative, feminine, singular], miserō [dative, neuter, singular], miserīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], miserum [accusative, masculine, singular], miseram [accusative, feminine, singular], miserum [accusative, neuter, singular], miserōs [accusative, masculine, plural], miserās [accusative, feminine, plural], misera [accusative, neuter, plural], miserō [ablative, masculine, singular], miserā [ablative, feminine, singular], miserō [ablative, neuter, singular], miserīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], miser [masculine, singular, vocative], misera [feminine, singular, vocative], miserum [neuter, singular, vocative], miserī [masculine, plural, vocative], miserae [feminine, plural, vocative], misera [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. poor, wretched, pitiful Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-g2bLqYPe Categories (other): Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 10 19 26 12 12 22
  2. miserable, unhappy Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: maestus, trīstis, infēlīx, aeger
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-FlHband1 Categories (other): Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 10 19 26 12 12 22
  3. worthless, null Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: vīlis, inānis
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-shIbREyo Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 2 20 40 7 12 18 Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 10 19 26 12 12 22
  4. tragic, unfortunate Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-aMssFsNu Categories (other): Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 10 19 26 12 12 22
  5. sick Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: aeger, languidus, fessus
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-OwSDeIG7 Categories (other): Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 10 19 26 12 12 22
  6. tormenting Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-MOf0vHCo Categories (other): Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 10 19 26 12 12 22
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: misellus, misereō, miseria, misericors, miserulus, miseror Related terms: miserābilis, miserandus, miserātiō, miserātor, misertor, misericordia

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for miser meaning in Latin (10.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misellus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misereō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miseria"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misericors"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserulus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miseror"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "meser",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: meser, measer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: meser, measer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "misero"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: misero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: misero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "mezre"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: mezre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: mezre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "míser",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: míser",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: míser"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "mísero",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: mísero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: mísero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "mísero",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: mísero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: mísero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "mjerë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: mjerë",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "disputed"
          },
          "expansion": "(disputed)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: mjerë (disputed)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "miser",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: miser",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: miser"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "mizer",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: mizer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: mizer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*misseros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *misseros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mēwdʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to complain, be emotional about"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "maereō"
      },
      "expansion": "maereō",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "μῖσος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hatred"
      },
      "expansion": "μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserrimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserē",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseriter",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in -er",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser",
        "adv": "miserē or miseriter",
        "comp": "miserior",
        "sup": "miserrimus"
      },
      "expansion": "miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserābilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserandus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserātiō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserātor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misertor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misericordia"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 19 26 12 12 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense",
          "ref": "ca. 54 BC, Catullus. Catullus 8",
          "text": "Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre"
        },
        {
          "english": "being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate",
          "roman": "nōn ignāra malī miserīs succurrere discō",
          "text": "29 bc. Vergil. Aeneid, Book I"
        },
        {
          "english": "“Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”\n(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.517",
          "text": "‘dīque virīque locī, miserae succurrite mātrī!’"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor, wretched, pitiful"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-g2bLqYPe",
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ],
        [
          "wretched",
          "wretched"
        ],
        [
          "pitiful",
          "pitiful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "laetus"
        },
        {
          "word": "alacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "fēlīx"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 19 26 12 12 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "miserable, unhappy"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-FlHband1",
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable"
        ],
        [
          "unhappy",
          "unhappy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "maestus"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstis"
        },
        {
          "word": "infēlīx"
        },
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 20 40 7 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 19 26 12 12 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "worthless, null"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-shIbREyo",
      "links": [
        [
          "worthless",
          "worthless"
        ],
        [
          "null",
          "null"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vīlis"
        },
        {
          "word": "inānis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 19 26 12 12 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tragic, unfortunate"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-aMssFsNu",
      "links": [
        [
          "tragic",
          "tragic"
        ],
        [
          "unfortunate",
          "unfortunate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sānus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salvus"
        },
        {
          "word": "validus"
        },
        {
          "word": "integer"
        },
        {
          "word": "intāctus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salūber"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 19 26 12 12 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sick"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-OwSDeIG7",
      "links": [
        [
          "sick",
          "sick"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        },
        {
          "word": "languidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "fessus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 19 26 12 12 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tormenting"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-MOf0vHCo",
      "links": [
        [
          "tormenting",
          "tormenting"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmi.ser/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmɪs̠ɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmi.ser/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmiːs̬er]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Vladimir Orel"
  ],
  "word": "miser"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "misellus"
    },
    {
      "word": "misereō"
    },
    {
      "word": "miseria"
    },
    {
      "word": "misericors"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserulus"
    },
    {
      "word": "miseror"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "meser",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: meser, measer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: meser, measer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "misero"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: misero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: misero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "mezre"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: mezre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: mezre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "míser",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: míser",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: míser"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "mísero",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: mísero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: mísero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "mísero",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: mísero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: mísero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "mjerë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: mjerë",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "disputed"
          },
          "expansion": "(disputed)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: mjerë (disputed)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "miser",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: miser",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: miser"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "mizer",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: mizer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: mizer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*misseros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *misseros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mēwdʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to complain, be emotional about"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "maereō"
      },
      "expansion": "maereō",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "μῖσος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hatred"
      },
      "expansion": "μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserrimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserē",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseriter",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in -er",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser",
        "adv": "miserē or miseriter",
        "comp": "miserior",
        "sup": "miserrimus"
      },
      "expansion": "miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "miserābilis"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserandus"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserātiō"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserātor"
    },
    {
      "word": "misertor"
    },
    {
      "word": "misericordia"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense",
          "ref": "ca. 54 BC, Catullus. Catullus 8",
          "text": "Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre"
        },
        {
          "english": "being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate",
          "roman": "nōn ignāra malī miserīs succurrere discō",
          "text": "29 bc. Vergil. Aeneid, Book I"
        },
        {
          "english": "“Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”\n(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.517",
          "text": "‘dīque virīque locī, miserae succurrite mātrī!’"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor, wretched, pitiful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ],
        [
          "wretched",
          "wretched"
        ],
        [
          "pitiful",
          "pitiful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "laetus"
        },
        {
          "word": "alacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "fēlīx"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "miserable, unhappy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable"
        ],
        [
          "unhappy",
          "unhappy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "maestus"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstis"
        },
        {
          "word": "infēlīx"
        },
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "worthless, null"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "worthless",
          "worthless"
        ],
        [
          "null",
          "null"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vīlis"
        },
        {
          "word": "inānis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tragic, unfortunate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tragic",
          "tragic"
        ],
        [
          "unfortunate",
          "unfortunate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sānus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salvus"
        },
        {
          "word": "validus"
        },
        {
          "word": "integer"
        },
        {
          "word": "intāctus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salūber"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sick",
          "sick"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        },
        {
          "word": "languidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "fessus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tormenting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tormenting",
          "tormenting"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmi.ser/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmɪs̠ɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmi.ser/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmiːs̬er]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Vladimir Orel"
  ],
  "word": "miser"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: miser/Latin 'Number' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "miser"
  ],
  "section": "Latin",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "miser",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.