"miser" meaning in Latin

See miser in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ˈmɪ.sɛr] [Classical-Latin], [ˈmiː.s̬er] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *mh₂isros (“complaining, emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō, Tocharian B msär (“difficult”), and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*misseros}} Proto-Italic *misseros, {{der|la|ine-pro||*mh₂isros|t=complaining, emotional about}} Proto-Indo-European *mh₂isros (“complaining, emotional about”), {{cog|txb|msär|t=difficult}} Tocharian B msär (“difficult”), {{cog|grc|μῖσος|t=hatred}} Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”) Head templates: {{la-adj|miser|adv=miserē or miseriter|comp=miserior|sup=miserrimus}} miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er) Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|miser}} Forms: misera [feminine], miserum [neuter], miserior [comparative], miserrimus [superlative], miserē [adverb], miseriter [adverb], in -er [masculine, nominative, singular], no-table-tags [table-tags], miser [masculine, nominative, singular], misera [feminine, nominative, singular], miserum [neuter, nominative, singular], miserī [masculine, nominative, plural], miserae [feminine, nominative, plural], misera [neuter, nominative, plural], miserī [genitive, masculine, singular], miserae [feminine, genitive, singular], miserī [genitive, neuter, singular], miserōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], miserārum [feminine, genitive, plural], miserōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], miserō [dative, masculine, singular], miserae [dative, feminine, singular], miserō [dative, neuter, singular], miserīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], miserum [accusative, masculine, singular], miseram [accusative, feminine, singular], miserum [accusative, neuter, singular], miserōs [accusative, masculine, plural], miserās [accusative, feminine, plural], misera [accusative, neuter, plural], miserō [ablative, masculine, singular], miserā [ablative, feminine, singular], miserō [ablative, neuter, singular], miserīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], miser [masculine, singular, vocative], misera [feminine, singular, vocative], miserum [neuter, singular, vocative], miserī [masculine, plural, vocative], miserae [feminine, plural, vocative], misera [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. poor, wretched, pitiful Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-g2bLqYPe
  2. miserable, unhappy Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: maestus, trīstis, infēlīx, aeger
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-FlHband1
  3. worthless, null Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: vīlis, inānis
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-shIbREyo
  4. tragic, unfortunate Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-aMssFsNu
  5. sick Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms: aeger, languidus, fessus, affectus
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-OwSDeIG7
  6. tormenting Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-miser-la-adj-MOf0vHCo Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 6 14 6 17 16 42 Disambiguation of Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er: 12 15 12 15 16 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: misellus, misereō, miseria, misericors, miseror, miserulus Related terms: miserābilis, miserandus, miserātiō, miserātor, misertor, misericordia

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misellus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misereō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miseria"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misericors"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miseror"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserulus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*misseros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *misseros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*mh₂isros",
        "t": "complaining, emotional about"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mh₂isros (“complaining, emotional about”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "msär",
        "t": "difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B msär (“difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "μῖσος",
        "t": "hatred"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *mh₂isros (“complaining, emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō, Tocharian B msär (“difficult”), and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserrimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserē",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseriter",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in -er",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser",
        "adv": "miserē or miseriter",
        "comp": "miserior",
        "sup": "miserrimus"
      },
      "expansion": "miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserābilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserandus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserātiō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "miserātor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misertor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "misericordia"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense",
          "ref": "ca. 54 BC, Catullus. Catullus 8",
          "text": "Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre",
          "translation": "Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense"
        },
        {
          "english": "being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate",
          "roman": "nōn ignāra malī miserīs succurrere discō",
          "text": "29 bc. Vergil. Aeneid, Book I",
          "translation": "being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate"
        },
        {
          "english": "“Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”\n(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.517",
          "text": "‘dīque virīque locī, miserae succurrite mātrī!’",
          "translation": "“Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”\n(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor, wretched, pitiful"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-g2bLqYPe",
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ],
        [
          "wretched",
          "wretched"
        ],
        [
          "pitiful",
          "pitiful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "laetus"
        },
        {
          "word": "alacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "fēlīx"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 616–617",
          "text": "PAMPHILUS: Ehodum, bone vir, quid ais? Vidēn mē cōnsiliīs tuīs / miserum impedītum esse?\nPAMPHILUS: Hey there, good fellow, what are you saying? Can’t you see how your advice has got me miserably entangled?\n(“miserum” functions adverbially here; vidēn = vidēsne: vidēs plus the interrogative particle -ne.)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "miserable, unhappy"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-FlHband1",
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable"
        ],
        [
          "unhappy",
          "unhappy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "maestus"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstis"
        },
        {
          "word": "infēlīx"
        },
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "worthless, null"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-shIbREyo",
      "links": [
        [
          "worthless",
          "worthless"
        ],
        [
          "null",
          "null"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vīlis"
        },
        {
          "word": "inānis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tragic, unfortunate"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-aMssFsNu",
      "links": [
        [
          "tragic",
          "tragic"
        ],
        [
          "unfortunate",
          "unfortunate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sānus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salvus"
        },
        {
          "word": "validus"
        },
        {
          "word": "integer"
        },
        {
          "word": "intāctus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salūber"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sick"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-OwSDeIG7",
      "links": [
        [
          "sick",
          "sick"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        },
        {
          "word": "languidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "fessus"
        },
        {
          "word": "affectus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 14 6 17 16 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 15 12 15 16 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tormenting"
      ],
      "id": "en-miser-la-adj-MOf0vHCo",
      "links": [
        [
          "tormenting",
          "tormenting"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmɪ.sɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmiː.s̬er]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Vladimir Oryol"
  ],
  "word": "miser"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "misellus"
    },
    {
      "word": "misereō"
    },
    {
      "word": "miseria"
    },
    {
      "word": "misericors"
    },
    {
      "word": "miseror"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserulus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*misseros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *misseros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*mh₂isros",
        "t": "complaining, emotional about"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mh₂isros (“complaining, emotional about”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "msär",
        "t": "difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B msär (“difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "μῖσος",
        "t": "hatred"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *mh₂isros (“complaining, emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō, Tocharian B msär (“difficult”), and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserrimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserē",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseriter",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in -er",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miseram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miser",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "miserae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "misera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser",
        "adv": "miserē or miseriter",
        "comp": "miserior",
        "sup": "miserrimus"
      },
      "expansion": "miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "miser"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "miserābilis"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserandus"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserātiō"
    },
    {
      "word": "miserātor"
    },
    {
      "word": "misertor"
    },
    {
      "word": "misericordia"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense",
          "ref": "ca. 54 BC, Catullus. Catullus 8",
          "text": "Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre",
          "translation": "Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense"
        },
        {
          "english": "being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate",
          "roman": "nōn ignāra malī miserīs succurrere discō",
          "text": "29 bc. Vergil. Aeneid, Book I",
          "translation": "being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate"
        },
        {
          "english": "“Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”\n(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.517",
          "text": "‘dīque virīque locī, miserae succurrite mātrī!’",
          "translation": "“Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”\n(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor, wretched, pitiful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ],
        [
          "wretched",
          "wretched"
        ],
        [
          "pitiful",
          "pitiful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "laetus"
        },
        {
          "word": "alacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "fēlīx"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 616–617",
          "text": "PAMPHILUS: Ehodum, bone vir, quid ais? Vidēn mē cōnsiliīs tuīs / miserum impedītum esse?\nPAMPHILUS: Hey there, good fellow, what are you saying? Can’t you see how your advice has got me miserably entangled?\n(“miserum” functions adverbially here; vidēn = vidēsne: vidēs plus the interrogative particle -ne.)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "miserable, unhappy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable"
        ],
        [
          "unhappy",
          "unhappy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "maestus"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstis"
        },
        {
          "word": "infēlīx"
        },
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "worthless, null"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "worthless",
          "worthless"
        ],
        [
          "null",
          "null"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vīlis"
        },
        {
          "word": "inānis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tragic, unfortunate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tragic",
          "tragic"
        ],
        [
          "unfortunate",
          "unfortunate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sānus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salvus"
        },
        {
          "word": "validus"
        },
        {
          "word": "integer"
        },
        {
          "word": "intāctus"
        },
        {
          "word": "salūber"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sick",
          "sick"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aeger"
        },
        {
          "word": "languidus"
        },
        {
          "word": "fessus"
        },
        {
          "word": "affectus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tormenting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tormenting",
          "tormenting"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmɪ.sɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈmiː.s̬er]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Vladimir Oryol"
  ],
  "word": "miser"
}

Download raw JSONL data for miser meaning in Latin (8.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.