See lugubrious in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "lūgubris",
"4": "",
"5": "mournful; gloomy"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lūgubris (“mournful; gloomy”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lūgubris (“mournful; gloomy”), with the suffix -ious.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more lugubrious",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most lugubrious",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lugubrious (comparative more lugubrious, superlative most lugubrious)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Georgian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lugubriate"
},
{
"word": "lugubriously"
},
{
"word": "lugubriousness"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His client’s lugubrious expression tipped off the detective that something lurked beneath her optimistic words.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1886 May, Thomas Hardy, chapter XIX, in The Mayor of Casterbridge: The Life and Death of a Man of Character. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, page 242:",
"text": "The exaggeration with darkness imparted to the glooms of this region impressed Henchard more than he had expected. The lugubrious harmony of the spot with his domestic situation was too perfect for him, impatient of effects, scenes, and adumbrations.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 203:",
"text": "There was a touch of insanity in the proceeding, a sense of lugubrious drollery in the sight; and it was not dissipated by somebody on board assuring me earnestly there was a camp of natives—he called them enemies!—hidden out of sight somewhere.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 12, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC, part 1:",
"text": "I poured one big drink in a water glass, and we had slugs. Oh, it was sweet and delicious and worth my whole lugubrious voyage.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:",
"text": "The congregation was \"spellbound unto the Meekest of its Members,\" and none more so than Rick himself, who sits in an enraptured trance, nodding his broad head to the cadences of Makepeace's rhetoric, even though every Welsh note of it — to the excited ears and eyes of those around him — is hurled at Rick personally down the length of the aisle, and rammed home with a botched stab of the lugubrious Watermaster forefinger.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Gloomy, mournful or dismal, especially to an exaggerated degree."
],
"id": "en-lugubrious-en-adj-PgKyrJnf",
"links": [
[
"Gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"mournful",
"mournful"
],
[
"dismal",
"dismal"
],
[
"exaggerated",
"exaggerated"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dreary"
},
{
"word": "glum"
},
{
"word": "miserable"
},
{
"word": "cheerless"
},
{
"word": "sad"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mračen",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "мрачен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pečalen",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "печален"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "llòbrec"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "dyster"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lugubre"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naɣvliani",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "ნაღვლიანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sevdiani",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "სევდიანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "žami",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "ჟამი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "düster"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "kummervoll"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "gyászos"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raunamæddur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "hryggðar-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "sorgar-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "sorgbitinn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lugubre"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lūgubris"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"note": "of sounds",
"roman": "acı",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "آجی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lúgubre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lôbrego"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lugubru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skorbnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "скорбный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pečálʹnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "печа́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mráčnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мра́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "traurnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "траурный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sumoran"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ponurý"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pochmúrny"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lúgubre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "triste"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lóbrego"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "tétrico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "sombrío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "dyster"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/luːˈɡ(j)uː.bɹi.əs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lʊˈɡ(j)uː.bɹi.əs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɡ(j)u.bɹi.əs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lugubrious.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/En-us-lugubrious.ogg/En-us-lugubrious.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/En-us-lugubrious.ogg"
}
],
"word": "lugubrious"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lugubriate"
},
{
"word": "lugubriously"
},
{
"word": "lugubriousness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "lūgubris",
"4": "",
"5": "mournful; gloomy"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lūgubris (“mournful; gloomy”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lūgubris (“mournful; gloomy”), with the suffix -ious.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more lugubrious",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most lugubrious",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lugubrious (comparative more lugubrious, superlative most lugubrious)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Georgian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His client’s lugubrious expression tipped off the detective that something lurked beneath her optimistic words.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1886 May, Thomas Hardy, chapter XIX, in The Mayor of Casterbridge: The Life and Death of a Man of Character. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, page 242:",
"text": "The exaggeration with darkness imparted to the glooms of this region impressed Henchard more than he had expected. The lugubrious harmony of the spot with his domestic situation was too perfect for him, impatient of effects, scenes, and adumbrations.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 203:",
"text": "There was a touch of insanity in the proceeding, a sense of lugubrious drollery in the sight; and it was not dissipated by somebody on board assuring me earnestly there was a camp of natives—he called them enemies!—hidden out of sight somewhere.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 12, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC, part 1:",
"text": "I poured one big drink in a water glass, and we had slugs. Oh, it was sweet and delicious and worth my whole lugubrious voyage.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:",
"text": "The congregation was \"spellbound unto the Meekest of its Members,\" and none more so than Rick himself, who sits in an enraptured trance, nodding his broad head to the cadences of Makepeace's rhetoric, even though every Welsh note of it — to the excited ears and eyes of those around him — is hurled at Rick personally down the length of the aisle, and rammed home with a botched stab of the lugubrious Watermaster forefinger.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Gloomy, mournful or dismal, especially to an exaggerated degree."
],
"links": [
[
"Gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"mournful",
"mournful"
],
[
"dismal",
"dismal"
],
[
"exaggerated",
"exaggerated"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dreary"
},
{
"word": "glum"
},
{
"word": "miserable"
},
{
"word": "cheerless"
},
{
"word": "sad"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/luːˈɡ(j)uː.bɹi.əs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lʊˈɡ(j)uː.bɹi.əs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɡ(j)u.bɹi.əs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-lugubrious.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/En-us-lugubrious.ogg/En-us-lugubrious.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/En-us-lugubrious.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mračen",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "мрачен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pečalen",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "печален"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "llòbrec"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "dyster"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lugubre"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naɣvliani",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "ნაღვლიანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sevdiani",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "სევდიანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "žami",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "ჟამი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "düster"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "kummervoll"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "gyászos"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raunamæddur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "hryggðar-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "sorgar-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "sorgbitinn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lugubre"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lūgubris"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"note": "of sounds",
"roman": "acı",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "آجی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lúgubre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lôbrego"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lugubru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skorbnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "скорбный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pečálʹnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "печа́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mráčnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мра́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "traurnyj",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "траурный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sumoran"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ponurý"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "gloomy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pochmúrny"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lúgubre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "triste"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "lóbrego"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "tétrico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "sombrío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "dyster"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "gloomy",
"word": "luguber"
}
],
"word": "lugubrious"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lugubrious meaning in English (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.