See bleak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bleak meaning in English (26.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bleaken"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bleke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bleke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bleche"
},
"expansion": "bleche",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doublet"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bleach",
"notext": "1",
"t1": "pale, bleak"
},
"expansion": "bleach (“pale, bleak”)",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bleike"
},
"expansion": "bleike",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "blak"
},
"expansion": "Middle English blak",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "blac",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, wan"
},
"expansion": "blac (“pale, wan”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blǣc"
},
"expansion": "Old English blǣc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "blǣċ"
},
"expansion": "blǣċ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "blāc",
"3": "",
"4": "bleak, pale, pallid"
},
"expansion": "blāc (“bleak, pale, pallid”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bleikr",
"4": "",
"5": "pale, whitish"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bleikr (“pale, whitish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*blaikaz",
"4": "",
"5": "pale, shining"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“pale, shining”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bleek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, wan, pallid"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bleek (“pale, wan, pallid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "blek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Low German blek (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bleich",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, wan, sallow"
},
"expansion": "German bleich (“pale, wan, sallow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bleg",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Danish bleg (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "blek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, pallid"
},
"expansion": "Swedish blek (“pale, pallid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bleik"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål bleik",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "blek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "blek (“pale”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bleik",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk bleik (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bleikur",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Faroese bleikur (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bleikur",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, pink"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bleikur (“pale, pink”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bleke (also bleche, whence the English doublet bleach (“pale, bleak”)), and bleike (due to Old Norse), and earlier Middle English blak, blac (“pale, wan”), from Old English blǣc, blǣċ, blāc (“bleak, pale, pallid”) and Old Norse bleikr (“pale, whitish”), all from Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“pale, shining”).\nCognate with Dutch bleek (“pale, wan, pallid”), Low German blek (“pale”), German bleich (“pale, wan, sallow”), Danish bleg (“pale”), Swedish blek (“pale, pallid”), Norwegian Bokmål bleik, blek (“pale”), Norwegian Nynorsk bleik (“pale”), Faroese bleikur (“pale”), Icelandic bleikur (“pale, pink”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bleaker",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "bleakest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "bleak (comparative bleaker, superlative bleakest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Without color; pale; pallid."
],
"id": "en-bleak-en-adj-SmfCsw6v",
"links": [
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"pallid",
"pallid"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "86 4 10",
"sense": "sickly pale",
"word": "pallid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džguyn",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "դժգույն"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bled",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "блед"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezcveten",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "безцветен"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pàl·lid"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cāngbái",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "苍白"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bledý"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bleg"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bleek"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kleurloos"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kaame"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kahvatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "plass"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kalpea"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "väritön"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "morne"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "terne"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uperuli",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "უფერული"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "permḳrtali",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "ფერმკრთალი"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "farblos"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bleich"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "ausgeblichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áchromos",
"sense": "without color",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άχρωμος"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pallido"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "incolore"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pálido"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "palid"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "spălăcit"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bescvétnyj",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "бесцве́тный"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blédnyj",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "бле́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "giarnu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "sbiancatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "sghiancatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "sin color"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pálido"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "blek"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "färglös"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "solgun"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "soluk"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 0 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "renksiz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a bleak and bare rock a bleak, crater-pocked moonscape",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "They escaped across the bleak landscape.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "We hiked across open meadows and climbed bleak mountains.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1793, William Wordsworth, Descriptive Sketches",
"text": "Wastes too bleak to rear / The common growth of earth, the foodful ear.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Desolate and exposed; swept by cold winds."
],
"id": "en-bleak-en-adj-qAXrp0u~",
"links": [
[
"Desolate",
"desolate"
],
[
"exposed",
"exposed"
],
[
"swept",
"swept"
],
[
"winds",
"winds"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džguyn",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "դժգույն"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gol",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "гол"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkrit",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "открит"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "erm"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huāngliáng",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "荒凉"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "neutěšený"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "nehostinný"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "pustý"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "guur"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "karu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "paljas"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ɣia",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "ღია"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daucveli",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "დაუცველი"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moṭiṭvlebuli",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "მოტიტვლებული"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "öde"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "ungeschützt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "trostlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "kahl"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "karg"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "érimos",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "έρημος"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psychrós",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψυχρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "argail"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "dearóil"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolato"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "meayl"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "hāhā"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "mōwai"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "hahore"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "tūhea"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "pustiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gólyj",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "го́лый"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkrýtyj",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "откры́тый"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nezaščiščónnyj",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "незащищённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "lom"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "ngustiatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 81 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "yermo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Downtown Albany felt bleak that February after the divorce.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A bleak future is in store for you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The news is bleak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The survey paints a bleak picture.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2019 May 19, Alex McLevy, “The final Game Of Thrones brings a pensive but simple meditation about stories (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club",
"text": "Dany didn’t necessarily have to die, but letting her live would’ve been an assessment of humanity so bleak that even George R.R. Martin, it seems, wants to hope for something better.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unhappy; cheerless; miserable; emotionally desolate."
],
"id": "en-bleak-en-adj-dpfgMNdO",
"links": [
[
"Unhappy",
"unhappy"
],
[
"cheerless",
"cheerless"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džguyn",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "դժգույն"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mračen",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "мрачен"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezradosten",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "безрадостен"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "amargat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "pansit"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "àndàn",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "黯淡"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cǎndàn",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "惨淡"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "neradostný"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "bezútěšný"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "pochmurný"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "vreugdeloos"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "synkkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "kolkko"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "morne"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "freudlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "trostlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "trübe"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "düster"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "desolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ácharos",
"sense": "cheerless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άχαρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "thliverós",
"sense": "cheerless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θλιβερός"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "cheerless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άθλιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "dearóil"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "triste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "misero"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "infelice"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "mōkinokino"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "desanimado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "palid"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "dezolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "trist"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mráčnyj",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "мра́чный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bezrádostnyj",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "безра́достный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "gruamach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "mischinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "nfilici"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "sin alegría"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "amargado"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 90",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "dyster"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bliːk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bleak.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg/En-us-bleak.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "bleak"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bleke",
"t": "small river fish, bleak, blay"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bleke (“small river fish, bleak, blay”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blǣc",
"t": "bright"
},
"expansion": "English blǣc (“bright”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bleikja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bleikja",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blǣġe",
"t": "bleak, blay, gudgeon"
},
"expansion": "Old English blǣġe (“bleak, blay, gudgeon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*bleye",
"t": "blay"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *bleye (“blay”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "blay",
"3": "-ock",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "blay + -ock",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "blay",
"3": "-kin",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "blay + -kin",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "blay"
},
"expansion": "blay",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bleke (“small river fish, bleak, blay”), perhaps an alteration (due to English blǣc (“bright”) or Old Norse bleikja) of Old English blǣġe (“bleak, blay, gudgeon”); or perhaps from a diminutive of Middle English *bleye (“blay”), equivalent to blay + -ock or blay + -kin. See blay.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bleaks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bleak",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "bleak"
},
"expansion": "bleak (plural bleaks or bleak)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 9 27 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 21 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 16 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 9 79",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cyprinids",
"orig": "en:Cyprinids",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Danube bleak"
},
{
"word": "sunbleak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small European river fish (Alburnus alburnus), of the family Cyprinidae."
],
"id": "en-bleak-en-noun-raDGP6hF",
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"Alburnus alburnus",
"Alburnus alburnus#Translingual"
],
[
"Cyprinidae",
"Cyprinidae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ablet"
},
{
"word": "alburn"
},
{
"word": "blay"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gjuhcë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cironkë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cime"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "korobace"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uklej",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уклей"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bleskač",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "блескач"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "alburn"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ouklej obecená"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bliek"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "viidikas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "salakka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ablette"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laube"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ukelei"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sírko",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σίρκο"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "küsz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "szélhajtó küsz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "sneci"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "ukleikka"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alborella"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alburno"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "baďkormyk",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "бадькормык"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "baďkor",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "бадькор"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "šakľej",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "шаклей"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alburnus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"Mediaeval",
"feminine"
],
"word": "albica"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vīķe"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aalbes"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "myĺe",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "мыле"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "viškyĺe",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "вишкыле"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "šapkagol",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "шапкагол"
},
{
"code": "mrj",
"lang": "Western Mari",
"roman": "siĺdi",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "сильди"
},
{
"code": "mzn",
"lang": "Mazanderani",
"roman": "aslef",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "اسلف"
},
{
"code": "mzn",
"lang": "Mazanderani",
"roman": "aslek",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "اسلک"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "blǣġe"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ukleja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alburnete"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukléjka",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "укле́йка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uklija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "albur"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "alburno"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "löja"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "baďkuar",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "бадькуар"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "vuvylćoryg",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "вувылчорыг"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "verxovódka",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "верхово́дка"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bliːk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bleak.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg/En-us-bleak.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bleak"
],
"word": "bleak"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰleyǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Slovene translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːk",
"Rhymes:English/iːk/1 syllable",
"en:Cyprinids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bleaken"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bleke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bleke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bleche"
},
"expansion": "bleche",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doublet"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bleach",
"notext": "1",
"t1": "pale, bleak"
},
"expansion": "bleach (“pale, bleak”)",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bleike"
},
"expansion": "bleike",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "blak"
},
"expansion": "Middle English blak",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "blac",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, wan"
},
"expansion": "blac (“pale, wan”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blǣc"
},
"expansion": "Old English blǣc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "blǣċ"
},
"expansion": "blǣċ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "blāc",
"3": "",
"4": "bleak, pale, pallid"
},
"expansion": "blāc (“bleak, pale, pallid”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bleikr",
"4": "",
"5": "pale, whitish"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bleikr (“pale, whitish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*blaikaz",
"4": "",
"5": "pale, shining"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“pale, shining”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bleek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, wan, pallid"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bleek (“pale, wan, pallid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "blek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Low German blek (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bleich",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, wan, sallow"
},
"expansion": "German bleich (“pale, wan, sallow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bleg",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Danish bleg (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "blek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, pallid"
},
"expansion": "Swedish blek (“pale, pallid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bleik"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål bleik",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "blek",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "blek (“pale”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bleik",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk bleik (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bleikur",
"3": "",
"4": "pale"
},
"expansion": "Faroese bleikur (“pale”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bleikur",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, pink"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bleikur (“pale, pink”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bleke (also bleche, whence the English doublet bleach (“pale, bleak”)), and bleike (due to Old Norse), and earlier Middle English blak, blac (“pale, wan”), from Old English blǣc, blǣċ, blāc (“bleak, pale, pallid”) and Old Norse bleikr (“pale, whitish”), all from Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“pale, shining”).\nCognate with Dutch bleek (“pale, wan, pallid”), Low German blek (“pale”), German bleich (“pale, wan, sallow”), Danish bleg (“pale”), Swedish blek (“pale, pallid”), Norwegian Bokmål bleik, blek (“pale”), Norwegian Nynorsk bleik (“pale”), Faroese bleikur (“pale”), Icelandic bleikur (“pale, pink”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bleaker",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "bleakest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "bleak (comparative bleaker, superlative bleakest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Without color; pale; pallid."
],
"links": [
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"pallid",
"pallid"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a bleak and bare rock a bleak, crater-pocked moonscape",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "They escaped across the bleak landscape.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "We hiked across open meadows and climbed bleak mountains.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1793, William Wordsworth, Descriptive Sketches",
"text": "Wastes too bleak to rear / The common growth of earth, the foodful ear.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Desolate and exposed; swept by cold winds."
],
"links": [
[
"Desolate",
"desolate"
],
[
"exposed",
"exposed"
],
[
"swept",
"swept"
],
[
"winds",
"winds"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Downtown Albany felt bleak that February after the divorce.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A bleak future is in store for you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The news is bleak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The survey paints a bleak picture.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2019 May 19, Alex McLevy, “The final Game Of Thrones brings a pensive but simple meditation about stories (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club",
"text": "Dany didn’t necessarily have to die, but letting her live would’ve been an assessment of humanity so bleak that even George R.R. Martin, it seems, wants to hope for something better.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unhappy; cheerless; miserable; emotionally desolate."
],
"links": [
[
"Unhappy",
"unhappy"
],
[
"cheerless",
"cheerless"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bliːk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bleak.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg/En-us-bleak.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "sickly pale",
"word": "pallid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džguyn",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "դժգույն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bled",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "блед"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezcveten",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "безцветен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pàl·lid"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cāngbái",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "苍白"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bledý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bleg"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bleek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kleurloos"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kaame"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kahvatu"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "plass"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "kalpea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "väritön"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "morne"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "terne"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uperuli",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "უფერული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "permḳrtali",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "ფერმკრთალი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "farblos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "bleich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "ausgeblichen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áchromos",
"sense": "without color",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άχρωμος"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pallido"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "incolore"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pálido"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "palid"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "spălăcit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bescvétnyj",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "бесцве́тный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blédnyj",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "бле́дный"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "giarnu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "sbiancatu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "sghiancatu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "sin color"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "pálido"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "blek"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "färglös"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "solgun"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "soluk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "without color",
"word": "renksiz"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džguyn",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "դժգույն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gol",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "гол"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkrit",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "открит"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolat"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "erm"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huāngliáng",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "荒凉"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "neutěšený"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "nehostinný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "pustý"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolaat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "guur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "karu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "paljas"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ɣia",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "ღია"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daucveli",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "დაუცველი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moṭiṭvlebuli",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "მოტიტვლებული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "öde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "ungeschützt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "trostlos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "kahl"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "karg"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolat"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "érimos",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "έρημος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psychrós",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψυχρός"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "argail"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "dearóil"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolato"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "meayl"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "hāhā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "mōwai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "hahore"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "tūhea"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolado"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "pustiu"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gólyj",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "го́лый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkrýtyj",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "откры́тый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nezaščiščónnyj",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "незащищённый"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "lom"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "ngustiatu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "desolado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "desolate and exposed",
"word": "yermo"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "džguyn",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "դժգույն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mračen",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "мрачен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezradosten",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "безрадостен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "amargat"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "pansit"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "àndàn",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "黯淡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cǎndàn",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "惨淡"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "neradostný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "bezútěšný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "pochmurný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "vreugdeloos"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "synkkä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "kolkko"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "morne"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "freudlos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "trostlos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "trübe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "düster"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "desolat"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ácharos",
"sense": "cheerless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άχαρος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "thliverós",
"sense": "cheerless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θλιβερός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthlios",
"sense": "cheerless",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άθλιος"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "dearóil"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "triste"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "misero"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "infelice"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "mōkinokino"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "desanimado"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "palid"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "dezolat"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "trist"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mráčnyj",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "мра́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bezrádostnyj",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "безра́достный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "gruamach"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "mischinu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "nfilici"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "sin alegría"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "amargado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cheerless",
"word": "dyster"
}
],
"word": "bleak"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰleyǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/iːk",
"Rhymes:English/iːk/1 syllable",
"en:Cyprinids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Danube bleak"
},
{
"word": "sunbleak"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bleke",
"t": "small river fish, bleak, blay"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bleke (“small river fish, bleak, blay”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blǣc",
"t": "bright"
},
"expansion": "English blǣc (“bright”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bleikja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bleikja",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "blǣġe",
"t": "bleak, blay, gudgeon"
},
"expansion": "Old English blǣġe (“bleak, blay, gudgeon”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*bleye",
"t": "blay"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *bleye (“blay”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "blay",
"3": "-ock",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "blay + -ock",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "blay",
"3": "-kin",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "blay + -kin",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "blay"
},
"expansion": "blay",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bleke (“small river fish, bleak, blay”), perhaps an alteration (due to English blǣc (“bright”) or Old Norse bleikja) of Old English blǣġe (“bleak, blay, gudgeon”); or perhaps from a diminutive of Middle English *bleye (“blay”), equivalent to blay + -ock or blay + -kin. See blay.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bleaks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bleak",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "bleak"
},
"expansion": "bleak (plural bleaks or bleak)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A small European river fish (Alburnus alburnus), of the family Cyprinidae."
],
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"Alburnus alburnus",
"Alburnus alburnus#Translingual"
],
[
"Cyprinidae",
"Cyprinidae#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bliːk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bleak.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg/En-us-bleak.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-us-bleak.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ablet"
},
{
"word": "alburn"
},
{
"word": "blay"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gjuhcë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cironkë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cime"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "korobace"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uklej",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уклей"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bleskač",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "блескач"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "alburn"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ouklej obecená"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bliek"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "viidikas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "salakka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ablette"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laube"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ukelei"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sírko",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σίρκο"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "küsz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "szélhajtó küsz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "sneci"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "ukleikka"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alborella"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alburno"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "baďkormyk",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "бадькормык"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "baďkor",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "бадькор"
},
{
"code": "kpv",
"lang": "Komi-Zyrian",
"roman": "šakľej",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "шаклей"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alburnus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"Mediaeval",
"feminine"
],
"word": "albica"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vīķe"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aalbes"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "myĺe",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "мыле"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "viškyĺe",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "вишкыле"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "šapkagol",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "шапкагол"
},
{
"code": "mrj",
"lang": "Western Mari",
"roman": "siĺdi",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "сильди"
},
{
"code": "mzn",
"lang": "Mazanderani",
"roman": "aslef",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "اسلف"
},
{
"code": "mzn",
"lang": "Mazanderani",
"roman": "aslek",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "اسلک"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "blǣġe"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ukleja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alburnete"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukléjka",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "укле́йка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uklija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "albur"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "alburno"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "löja"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "baďkuar",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "бадькуар"
},
{
"code": "udm",
"lang": "Udmurt",
"roman": "vuvylćoryg",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"word": "вувылчорыг"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "verxovódka",
"sense": "small European river fish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "верхово́дка"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bleak"
],
"word": "bleak"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.