"貶める" meaning in Japanese

See 貶める in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [o̞to̞ɕime̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Head templates: {{ja-verb|おとしめる|tr=trans|type=2}} 貶(おとし)める • (otoshimeru) transitive ichidan (stem 貶(おとし)め (otoshime), past 貶(おとし)めた (otoshimeta)) Forms: 貶める [canonical] (ruby: (おとし)), otoshimeru [romanization], 貶め [stem] (ruby: (おとし)), 貶めた [past] (ruby: (おとし)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 貶め [error-unrecognized-form], おとしめ [error-unrecognized-form], otoshime [error-unrecognized-form], 貶める [error-unrecognized-form], おとしめる [error-unrecognized-form], otoshimeru [error-unrecognized-form], 貶めれ [error-unrecognized-form], おとしめれ [error-unrecognized-form], otoshimere [error-unrecognized-form], 貶めよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 貶めろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], おとしめよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], おとしめろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], otoshimeyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], otoshimero [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 貶められる [passive], おとしめられる [passive], otoshimerareru [passive], 貶めさせる [causative], 貶めさす [causative], おとしめさせる [causative], おとしめさす [causative], otoshimesaseru [causative], otoshimesasu [causative], 貶められる [potential], 貶めれる [colloquial, potential], おとしめられる [potential], おとしめれる [colloquial, potential], otoshimerareru [potential], otoshimereru [colloquial, potential], 貶めよう [volitional], おとしめよう [volitional], otoshimeyō [volitional], 貶めない [negative], 貶めぬ [negative], 貶めん [negative], おとしめない [negative], おとしめぬ [negative], おとしめん [negative], otoshimenai [negative], otoshimenu [negative], otoshimen [negative], 貶めず [continuative, negative], おとしめず [continuative, negative], otoshimezu [continuative, negative], 貶めます [formal], おとしめます [formal], otoshimemasu [formal], 貶めた [perfective], おとしめた [perfective], otoshimeta [perfective], 貶めて [conjunctive], おとしめて [conjunctive], otoshimete [conjunctive], 貶めれば [conditional, hypothetical], おとしめれば [conditional, hypothetical], otoshimereba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. abase (to lower in ranks so as to hurt feelings)
    Sense id: en-貶める-ja-verb-eu5EtLt9 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 81 19 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 82 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 87 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 87 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 87 13
  2. vilify
    Sense id: en-貶める-ja-verb-3xfJymY2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 卑しめる (iyashimeru) (ruby: (いや)), 貶す (kenasu) (ruby: (けな))

Download JSON data for 貶める meaning in Japanese (7.1kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "to exalt",
      "roman": "mochiageru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "持",
          "も"
        ],
        [
          "上",
          "あ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "持ち上げる"
    },
    {
      "english": "to glorify",
      "roman": "homeru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "褒",
          "ほ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "褒める"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "貶める",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "おとし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶め",
      "roman": "otoshime",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "おとし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めた",
      "roman": "otoshimeta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "おとし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-ichi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshime",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶める",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶められる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimesaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimesasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶められる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimereru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimenai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimemasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimereba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おとしめる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "貶(おとし)める • (otoshimeru) transitive ichidan (stem 貶(おとし)め (otoshime), past 貶(おとし)めた (otoshimeta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "abase (to lower in ranks so as to hurt feelings)"
      ],
      "id": "en-貶める-ja-verb-eu5EtLt9",
      "links": [
        [
          "abase",
          "abase"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "vilify"
      ],
      "id": "en-貶める-ja-verb-3xfJymY2",
      "links": [
        [
          "vilify",
          "vilify"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "おとしめる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[o̞to̞ɕime̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "iyashimeru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "卑",
          "いや"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "卑しめる"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kenasu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "けな"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "貶す"
    }
  ],
  "word": "貶める"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "to exalt",
      "roman": "mochiageru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "持",
          "も"
        ],
        [
          "上",
          "あ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "持ち上げる"
    },
    {
      "english": "to glorify",
      "roman": "homeru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "褒",
          "ほ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "褒める"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese type 2 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "貶める",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "おとし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶め",
      "roman": "otoshime",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "おとし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めた",
      "roman": "otoshimeta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "おとし"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-ichi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshime",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶める",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶められる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimesaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimesasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶められる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimereru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimenai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimemasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "貶めれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "おとしめれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "otoshimereba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "おとしめる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "貶(おとし)める • (otoshimeru) transitive ichidan (stem 貶(おとし)め (otoshime), past 貶(おとし)めた (otoshimeta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "abase (to lower in ranks so as to hurt feelings)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abase",
          "abase"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "vilify"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vilify",
          "vilify"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "おとしめる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[o̞to̞ɕime̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "iyashimeru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "卑",
          "いや"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "卑しめる"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kenasu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "貶",
          "けな"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "貶す"
    }
  ],
  "word": "貶める"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.