"demonize" meaning in English

See demonize in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈdiːmənaɪz/ [UK] Audio: en-us-demonize.ogg [US] Forms: demonizes [present, singular, third-person], demonizing [participle, present], demonized [participle, past], demonized [past]
Etymology: From Medieval Latin daemonizō, from daemon + -izō. Compare Ancient Greek δαιμονίζομαι (daimonízomai, “to be possessed by a demon”), from δαίμων (daímōn, “demon”). By surface analysis, demon + -ize. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ML.|daemonizō}} Medieval Latin daemonizō, {{com|la|daemon|-izō|nocat=1}} daemon + -izō, {{cog|grc|δαιμονίζομαι||to be possessed by a demon}} Ancient Greek δαιμονίζομαι (daimonízomai, “to be possessed by a demon”), {{m|grc|δαίμων||demon}} δαίμων (daímōn, “demon”), {{surf|en|demon|-ize}} By surface analysis, demon + -ize Head templates: {{en-verb}} demonize (third-person singular simple present demonizes, present participle demonizing, simple past and past participle demonized)
  1. To turn into a demon. Translations (turn into a demon): демонизирам (demoniziram) (Bulgarian), kurjaks vaimuks muutma (Estonian), muuttaa pahoialseksi (Finnish), muuttaa demoniksi (Finnish), diaboliser (French), démoniser (French), dämonisieren (German), δαιμονοποιώ (daimonopoió) (Greek), demonizzare (Italian), dêw kirin (Northern Kurdish), demonizować (Polish), demoniza (Romanian), демонизи́ровать (demonizírovatʹ) (Russian), демонизовати [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), demonizovati [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), svärta ned (Swedish), biến thành quỷ (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-demonize-en-verb-c7myljvR Disambiguation of 'turn into a demon': 99 1
  2. To describe or represent as evil or diabolic, usually falsely. Synonyms (represent as evil or diabolic): vilify Translations (describe or represent as evil): дэманізаваць (demanizavacʹ) (Belarusian), demonitzar (Catalan), 妖魔化 (yāomóhuà) (Chinese Mandarin), démonizovat (Czech), demoniseren (Dutch), demonisoida (Finnish), diaboliser (French), demonizar (Galician), dämonisieren (German), verteufeln (German), δαιμονοποιώ (daimonopoió) (Greek), असुरीकरण (asurikaran) [masculine] (Hindi), demonizzare (Italian), demonizować [imperfective] (Polish), diabolizować (Polish), demonizar (Portuguese), demoniza (Romanian), демонизи́ровать (demonizírovatʹ) (Russian), demonizar (Spanish), demonisera (Swedish), демонізува́ти (demonizuváty) [imperfective, perfective] (Ukrainian), демонізо́вувати (demonizóvuvaty) [imperfective, rare] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-demonize-en-verb-qAksz92e Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ize Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 16 84 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ize: 32 68 Disambiguation of 'represent as evil or diabolic': 5 95 Disambiguation of 'describe or represent as evil': 5 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: daemonise [UK], daemonize [UK], dæmonize [rare], demonise [UK] Derived forms: demonization

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for demonize meaning in English (7.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "demonization"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "daemonizō"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin daemonizō",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "daemon",
        "3": "-izō",
        "nocat": "1"
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "δαιμονίζομαι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be possessed by a demon"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek δαιμονίζομαι (daimonízomai, “to be possessed by a demon”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "δαίμων",
        "3": "",
        "4": "demon"
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      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "demon",
        "3": "-ize"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, demon + -ize",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin daemonizō, from daemon + -izō. Compare Ancient Greek δαιμονίζομαι (daimonízomai, “to be possessed by a demon”), from δαίμων (daímōn, “demon”). By surface analysis, demon + -ize.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "demonizes",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "demonizing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "demonized",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "demonized",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
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      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To turn into a demon."
      ],
      "id": "en-demonize-en-verb-c7myljvR",
      "links": [
        [
          "demon",
          "demon"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "demoniziram",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "демонизирам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "kurjaks vaimuks muutma"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "muuttaa pahoialseksi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "muuttaa demoniksi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "diaboliser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "démoniser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "dämonisieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "daimonopoió",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "δαιμονοποιώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "demonizzare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "dêw kirin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "demonizować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "demoniza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "demonizírovatʹ",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "демонизи́ровать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "демонизовати"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "demonizovati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "svärta ned"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 1",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "turn into a demon",
          "word": "biến thành quỷ"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ize",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To describe or represent as evil or diabolic, usually falsely."
      ],
      "id": "en-demonize-en-verb-qAksz92e",
      "links": [
        [
          "describe",
          "describe"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "diabolic",
          "diabolic"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "sense": "represent as evil or diabolic",
          "word": "vilify"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "demanizavacʹ",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "дэманізаваць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonitzar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yāomóhuà",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "妖魔化"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "démonizovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demoniseren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonisoida"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "diaboliser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "dämonisieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "verteufeln"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "daimonopoió",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "δαιμονοποιώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "asurikaran",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "असुरीकरण"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonizzare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "demonizować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "diabolizować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demoniza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "demonizírovatʹ",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "демонизи́ровать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "word": "demonisera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "demonizuváty",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "демонізува́ти"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "demonizóvuvaty",
          "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "rare"
          ],
          "word": "демонізо́вувати"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdiːmənaɪz/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-demonize.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/En-us-demonize.ogg/En-us-demonize.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/En-us-demonize.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "daemonise"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "daemonize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "dæmonize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "demonise"
    }
  ],
  "word": "demonize"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms suffixed with -ize",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "demonization"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "daemonizō"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin daemonizō",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "daemon",
        "3": "-izō",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "daemon + -izō",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "δαιμονίζομαι",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be possessed by a demon"
      },
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      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "δαίμων",
        "3": "",
        "4": "demon"
      },
      "expansion": "δαίμων (daímōn, “demon”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "demon",
        "3": "-ize"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, demon + -ize",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin daemonizō, from daemon + -izō. Compare Ancient Greek δαιμονίζομαι (daimonízomai, “to be possessed by a demon”), from δαίμων (daímōn, “demon”). By surface analysis, demon + -ize.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "demonizes",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "demonizing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "demonized",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "demonized",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "demonize (third-person singular simple present demonizes, present participle demonizing, simple past and past participle demonized)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To turn into a demon."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "demon",
          "demon"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To describe or represent as evil or diabolic, usually falsely."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "describe",
          "describe"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "diabolic",
          "diabolic"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdiːmənaɪz/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-demonize.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/En-us-demonize.ogg/En-us-demonize.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/En-us-demonize.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "represent as evil or diabolic",
      "word": "vilify"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "daemonise"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "daemonize"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "dæmonize"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "demonise"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "demoniziram",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "демонизирам"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "kurjaks vaimuks muutma"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "muuttaa pahoialseksi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "muuttaa demoniksi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "diaboliser"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "démoniser"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "dämonisieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "daimonopoió",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "δαιμονοποιώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "demonizzare"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "dêw kirin"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "demonizować"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "demoniza"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "demonizírovatʹ",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "демонизи́ровать"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "демонизовати"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "demonizovati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "svärta ned"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "turn into a demon",
      "word": "biến thành quỷ"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "demanizavacʹ",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "дэманізаваць"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonitzar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yāomóhuà",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "妖魔化"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "démonizovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demoniseren"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonisoida"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "diaboliser"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "dämonisieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "verteufeln"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "daimonopoió",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "δαιμονοποιώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "asurikaran",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "असुरीकरण"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonizzare"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "demonizować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "diabolizować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demoniza"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "demonizírovatʹ",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "демонизи́ровать"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "word": "demonisera"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "demonizuváty",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "демонізува́ти"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "demonizóvuvaty",
      "sense": "describe or represent as evil",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "демонізо́вувати"
    }
  ],
  "word": "demonize"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.