See makulo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*smeH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/smeH-"
],
[
"*-tḗr",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tḗr#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-trom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-trom#Proto-Indo-European:_tool_noun"
],
[
"*-tlóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tlom"
],
[
"*smaklom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/smaklom#Proto-Italic:_spot"
],
[
"macula",
"macula#Latin"
],
[
"macula",
"macula#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": ":bor<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Cherpillod, André (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “makulo”, in <cite>Konciza Etimologia Vortaro</cite> [<cite>Concise Etymological Dictionary</cite>] (in Esperanto), Universala Esperanto-Asocio, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 290</span></span>>",
"3": "la:macula<t:spot>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *smeH-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlóm\nProto-Indo-European *sm̥Htlóm\nProto-Italic *smaklomder.\nLatin maculabor.\nEsperanto makulo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"spot\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"spot\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*sm̥Htlóm\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*smeH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-tlóm\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*smaklom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"macula\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Esperanto\", \"term\" : \"makulo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eo\" }\" data-lang=\"eo\" data-title=\"makulo\">\nBorrowed from Latin macula (“spot”).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *smeH-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlóm\nProto-Indo-European *sm̥Htlóm\nProto-Italic *smaklomder.\nLatin maculabor.\nEsperanto makulo\nBorrowed from Latin macula (“spot”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "makulon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "makuloj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "makulojn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "makulo (accusative singular makulon, plural makuloj, accusative plural makulojn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ma‧ku‧lo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ma‧ku‧lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "74 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 1 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "batmakulo"
},
{
"english": "birthmark",
"translation": "birthmark",
"word": "haŭtmakulo"
},
{
"word": "makuleto"
},
{
"word": "makuli"
},
{
"word": "makulita"
},
{
"word": "senmakula"
},
{
"english": "sunspot",
"translation": "sunspot",
"word": "sunmakulo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spot (usually), sometimes blot or stain"
],
"id": "en-makulo-eo-noun-nK7b2jlA",
"links": [
[
"spot",
"spot"
],
[
"blot",
"blot"
],
[
"stain",
"stain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maˈkulo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulo"
}
],
"word": "makulo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "batmakulo"
},
{
"english": "birthmark",
"translation": "birthmark",
"word": "haŭtmakulo"
},
{
"word": "makuleto"
},
{
"word": "makuli"
},
{
"word": "makulita"
},
{
"word": "senmakula"
},
{
"english": "sunspot",
"translation": "sunspot",
"word": "sunmakulo"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*smeH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/smeH-"
],
[
"*-tḗr",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tḗr#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-trom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-trom#Proto-Indo-European:_tool_noun"
],
[
"*-tlóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tlom"
],
[
"*smaklom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/smaklom#Proto-Italic:_spot"
],
[
"macula",
"macula#Latin"
],
[
"macula",
"macula#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": ":bor<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Cherpillod, André (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “makulo”, in <cite>Konciza Etimologia Vortaro</cite> [<cite>Concise Etymological Dictionary</cite>] (in Esperanto), Universala Esperanto-Asocio, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 290</span></span>>",
"3": "la:macula<t:spot>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *smeH-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlóm\nProto-Indo-European *sm̥Htlóm\nProto-Italic *smaklomder.\nLatin maculabor.\nEsperanto makulo\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"spot\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"spot\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*sm̥Htlóm\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*smeH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-tlóm\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*smaklom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"macula\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Esperanto\", \"term\" : \"makulo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eo\" }\" data-lang=\"eo\" data-title=\"makulo\">\nBorrowed from Latin macula (“spot”).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *smeH-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlóm\nProto-Indo-European *sm̥Htlóm\nProto-Italic *smaklomder.\nLatin maculabor.\nEsperanto makulo\nBorrowed from Latin macula (“spot”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "makulon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "makuloj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "makulojn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "makulo (accusative singular makulon, plural makuloj, accusative plural makulojn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ma‧ku‧lo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ma‧ku‧lo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto 3-syllable words",
"Esperanto entries with etymology texts",
"Esperanto entries with etymology trees",
"Esperanto entries with etymon",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto nouns",
"Esperanto terms borrowed from Latin",
"Esperanto terms derived from Latin",
"Esperanto terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Esperanto terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Esperanto terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *smeH-",
"Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/ulo",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/ulo/3 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"spot (usually), sometimes blot or stain"
],
"links": [
[
"spot",
"spot"
],
[
"blot",
"blot"
],
[
"stain",
"stain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maˈkulo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulo"
}
],
"word": "makulo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for makulo meaning in Esperanto (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Esperanto dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.