See start in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for start meaning in English (102.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "alpine start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "black start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "by fits and starts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "by starts and leaps"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "down start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "false start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flying start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "for a start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fresh start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "a standing start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "the start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "headstart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hill start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jackrabbit start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jumpstart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kickstart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mass start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "multi-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "night start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "one-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pull start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quality start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "recoil start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rolling start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shotgun start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sleep start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "standing start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start codon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start key"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start page"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stop-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "two-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bump-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kick start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "push-start"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Start",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Start",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Start"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stert"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stert",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterten",
"3": "",
"4": "to start, startle"
},
"expansion": "sterten (“to start, startle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stert, from the verb sterten (“to start, startle”). See below.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (plural starts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The movie was entertaining from start to finish.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The beginning of an activity."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-ZAdn7UNU",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "beginning of an activity"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "najma",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "نَجْمَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ibtidāʔ",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "اِبْتِدَاء"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "skizb",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "սկիզբ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "arombho",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "আৰম্ভ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačátak",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пача́так"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ibtida",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ইবতিদা"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śuru",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "শুরু"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "agaz",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "আগাজ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načálo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нача́ло"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kāishǐ",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "开始"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "začátek"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begyndelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "begin"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "start"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "aanvang"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "eko"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "komenco"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "byrjan"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "alku"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "aloitus"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "käynnistys"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "startti"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "départ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "début"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dasac̣q̇isi",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "დასაწყისი"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beginn"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Anfang"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "frumisti",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "anastōdeins",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archí",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αρχή"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xekínima",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ξεκίνημα"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "arkhḗ",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀρχή"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "kòmansman"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hatkhalá",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "התחלה"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "kezdet"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "byrjun"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "upphaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "komenco"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari Sami",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "algâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "alku"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "alutos"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avvio"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inizio"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaishi",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"alt": "はじめ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajime",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "初め"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sutāto",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "スタート"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"alt": "でだし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dedashi",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "出だし"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheo'eum",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "처음"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"alt": "始作",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sijak",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "시작"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "sereta",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "سەرەتا"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "exordium"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orīgō"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "póčetok",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́четок"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "tīmatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ōrokotīmatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "bul"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "tìr"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ṭan"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ṭanna"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âğâz",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "آغاز"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "początek"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "zaczątek"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "começo"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "início"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "princípio"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "început"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нача́ло"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "start",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старт"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "āda",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आद"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "ārambha",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आरम्भ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toiseach"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "почетак"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "početak"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inizziu"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "začiatok"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "začetek"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inicio"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comienzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empiece"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "start"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "simula"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "toṭaṅku",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "தொடங்கு"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "başlangıç"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počátok",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "поча́ток"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "bắt đầu"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 15 10 1 4 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cychwyn"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He woke with a start.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1885, Robert Louis Stevenson, Olalla",
"text": "The sight of his scared face, his starts and pallors and sudden harkenings, unstrung me […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden involuntary movement."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-k3w-7g75",
"links": [
[
"movement",
"movement"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepvane",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "трепване"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sepvane",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "сепване"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "hätkähdys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "säpsähdys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "rándulás"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "összerándulás"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "összerezzenés"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "viðbragð"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sussulto"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sobbalzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "tamaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "kahuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "oho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "ohorere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "ohotata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rykk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "subresaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ressaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sobressalto"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryvók",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рыво́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clisgeadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "трзај"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "покрет"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "trzaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pokret"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scantazzu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "respingo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 91 2 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ryck"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 18 3 5 5 1 2 22 1 2 1 1 0 0 5 8 5 4 4 5 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 14 3 4 5 2 4 1 0 1 0 12 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 4 4 2 3 6 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Captured pieces are returned to the start of the board.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The beginning point of a race, a board game, etc."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-YTZAPT9P",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"board game",
"board game"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "najma",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "نَجْمَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "meknark",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "մեկնարկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "start",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старт"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qǐdiǎn",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "起点"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "start"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "startlijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "lähtö"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "départ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Start"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afetiría",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αφετηρία"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekkínisi",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "εκκίνηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hatkhalá",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "התחלה"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "rajt"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "start"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "upphaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avvio"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaishi chiten",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "開始地点"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shiten",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "始点"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sutāto chiten",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "スタート地点"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "tīmatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "ōrokotīmatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "opphav"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "start"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "largada"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partida"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "start",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старт"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "почетак"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "полазиште"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "početak"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "polazište"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "salida"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "simula"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 48 15 1 7 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "start"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jones has been a substitute before, but made his first start for the team last Sunday.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011 February 12, Ian Hughes, “Arsenal 2 - 0 Wolverhampton”, in BBC",
"text": "Wilshere, who made his first start for England in the midweek friendly win over Denmark, raced into the penalty area and chose to cross rather than shoot - one of the very few poor selections he made in the match.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An appearance in a sports game, horserace, etc., from the beginning of the event."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-7N78oWeA",
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 1 16 52 5 5 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tituljar",
"sense": "appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "титуляр"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 1 16 52 5 5 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match",
"word": "aloituskokoonpano"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "en:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Liz Primeau, Steven A. Frowine, Gardening Basics For Canadians For Dummies",
"text": "You generally see nursery starts at garden centres in mid to late spring. Small annual plants are generally sold in four-packs or larger packs, with each cell holding a single young plant.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-M1WDOgpF",
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"germinate",
"germinate"
],
[
"transplant",
"transplant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horticulture) A young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 8 76 5 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later",
"word": "istukas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 6 8 76 5 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later",
"word": "taimi"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "to get, or have, the start"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An initial advantage over somebody else; a head start."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-90Qs7EfH",
"links": [
[
"head start",
"head start"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, Hawley Smart, A False Start, volume 2, page 69",
"text": "“It's a rum start, old John Madingley's coming down to Tunnleton,” said Grafton, one evening in the smoking-room; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A happening or proceeding."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-UJVECHuo",
"links": [
[
"happening",
"happening"
],
[
"proceeding",
"proceeding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, slang, archaic) A happening or proceeding."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"archaic",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"; to stop",
"word": "stop"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "end"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "cease"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"; to finish",
"word": "finish"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "conclude"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "complete"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bump-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kick start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "push-start"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "astart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "get in the boat and start rowing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "never start a land war in Asia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "self-starting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start a family"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start afresh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start a fresh hare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start a hare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start a hare running"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "starter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start from where you are"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "starting post"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start in on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start over"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start the ball rolling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start with a clean sheet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start with a clean slate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to start with"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "when the looting starts, the shooting starts"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "撻",
"bor": "1",
"id": "start",
"tr": "taat¹"
},
"expansion": "→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "starten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: starten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: starten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "starten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: starten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: starten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "stèrter",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norman: stèrter",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norman: stèrter"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "starter",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: starter",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: starter"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Icelandic: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Icelandic: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Faroese: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Faroese: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "starte",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "starte",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: starte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: starte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "štartovať",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: štartovať",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: štartovať"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterten",
"t": "to leap up suddenly, rush out"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "styrtan",
"t": "to leap up, start"
},
"expansion": "Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sturtijan",
"t": "to startle, move, set in motion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"t": "to be stiff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "stirta",
"t": "to fall down, tumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sterten",
"t": "to rush, fall, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "storten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch storten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sturzen",
"t": "to hurl, plunge, turn upside down"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stürzen"
},
"expansion": "German stürzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sterzan",
"t": "to be stiff, protrude"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stare"
},
"expansion": "stare",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "starting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "started",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "started",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (third-person singular simple present starts, present participle starting, simple past and past participle started)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 18 3 5 5 1 2 22 1 2 1 1 0 0 5 8 5 4 4 5 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 3 9 4 3 8 2 3 0 0 0 0 14 2 3 2 2 0 1 3 5 4 3 3 8 4 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 0 3 8 3 3 6 2 3 0 0 1 0 22 2 3 2 2 0 1 3 4 4 2 2 6 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 4 14 3 4 5 2 4 1 0 1 0 12 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 4 4 2 3 6 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 3 4 3 3 1 1 7 11 8 6 6 10 4 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "North Levantine Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 1 6 3 2 5 2 3 2 1 2 1 10 2 5 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 3 3 7 11 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Buttons",
"orig": "en:Buttons",
"parents": [
"Mechanisms",
"Machines",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start a stream of water; to start a rumour; to start a business",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "April 2, 1716, Joseph Addison, Freeholder No. 30",
"text": "I was some years ago engaged in conversation with a fashionable French Abbe, upon a subject which the people of that kingdom love to start in discourse."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To set in motion."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-o2zHOvQM",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To set in motion."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "işə salmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śuru kora",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "শুরু করা"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "puskam",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "пускам"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starte"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "käynnistää"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "aloittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "rumor",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "laskea liikkeelle"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "commencer"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "comezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "anfangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "streuen (rumour)"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "gründen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "elindít"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "indít"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "timata"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "ṭan"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "accumencià"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starte"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "comencier"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "ruszyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "abrir"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "começar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "începe"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapuskátʹ",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запуска́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapustítʹ",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запусти́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "zapustiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "pustiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "navesti"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "fari pàrtiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "empezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "comenzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 1 1 2 1 0 0 3 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 July 19, Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 30",
"text": "Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until they start compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16. Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To begin."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-d9PYMCJh",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To begin."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aangaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "to begin"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "badaʔa",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "بَدَأَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "apc",
"lang": "Arabic",
"raw_tags": [
"Lebanese Arabic"
],
"roman": "ballaš",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "بلّش"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bdā",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "بدا"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bada",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "بدا"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ballaš",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "بلّش"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sksel",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "սկսել"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ahurhescu"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ãnchisescu"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "apãrnjescu"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ntsep"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "arombho kor",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "আৰম্ভ কৰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "entamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "başlamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačynácʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пачына́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačácʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "пача́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačynácca",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пачына́цца"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačácca",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "пача́цца"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śuru kora",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "শুরু করা"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zapóčvam",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запо́чвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "póčvam",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "по́чвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "póčna",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "по́чна"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "ca.",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "စ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "adaleniha",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ᎠᏓᎴᏂᎭ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hoi¹ ci²",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "开始"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kāishǐ",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "开始"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "začínat"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "začít"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "nizuor"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aanvangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aloittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "alkaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "commencer"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "entamer"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "débuter"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comença"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dac̣q̇eba",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "დაწყება"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "anfangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "dustōdjan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xekinó",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ξεκινώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "árkhomai",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ἄρχομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "komanse"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śurū karnā",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "शुरू करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "elkezd"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "megkezd"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "kezd"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "byrja"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "alkaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "noissa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "käyvvä"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "lähtiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aluttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "täytyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ruveta"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "cuir tús le"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "cominciare"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "iniziare"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"alt": "はじめる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajimeru",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "始める"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"alt": "かいしする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaishi suru",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "開始する"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"alt": "はじまる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajimaru",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "始まる"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sijak-hada",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "시작하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "despêkirdin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "دەسپێکردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "incipiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ordior"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "initiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "tīmata"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "surū karṇe",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "सुरू करणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "tüŋalaš",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "тӱҥалаш"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "śurū garnu",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "शुरू गर्नु"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "c'menchi"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "frr",
"lang": "Northern Frisian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Hallig"
],
"word": "öönfange"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "begynne"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "maad-"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "onġinnan"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comencier"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âğâzidan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "آغازیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "zacząć"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "começar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "iniciar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
],
"word": "estartar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "începe"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načinátʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "начина́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načátʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "нача́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načinátʹsja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "начина́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načátʹsja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "нача́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sat",
"lang": "Santali",
"roman": "ehop’",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ᱮᱦᱳᱵ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "tòisich"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "по̀че̄ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "започети"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "начнути"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "начети"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "pòčēti"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "započeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "načnuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "načeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "tàae",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "တႄႇ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "accuminzari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "accuminciari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "začať"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "začínať"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "začeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "empezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comenzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "-anza"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "börja"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "syl",
"lang": "Sylheti",
"roman": "śuru xora",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ꠡꠥꠞꠥ ꠇꠞꠣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "magsimula"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rə̂əm",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "เริ่ม"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rə̂əm-dtôn",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "เริ่มต้น"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ตั้งต้น"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "başlamak"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počynáty",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "почина́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počáty",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "поча́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počynátysja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "почина́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počátysja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "поча́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "scuminsiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 24 13 13 13 9 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "bắt đầu"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "aangaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sksvel",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "սկսվել"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "započvam",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "започвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "aanvangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "komenci"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "alkaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "aloittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "of motors",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "käynnistyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "commencer"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "débuter"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "patsákh",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "פצח"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "elkezd"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "kezd"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "creare"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "avviare"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajimaru",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "始まる"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "despêkirdin",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "دەسپێکردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "c'menchi"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "comencier"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zacząć"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozpocząć"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "começar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načinátʹsja",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "начина́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načátʹsja",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нача́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "startovátʹ",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "стартова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "početi"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "započeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "accuminciari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "nnartari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "ncignari"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "pàrtiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 19 13 13 13 13 6 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 5 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "börja"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start the engine",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-en:to_initiate_operation_of_a_vehicle_or_machine",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"ready",
"ready"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine."
],
"senseid": [
"en:to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "aangaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "işə salmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "startiram",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "стартирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "engegar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "malichi"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qǐdòng",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "启动"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starti"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "käynnistää"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "startata"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "démarrer"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "mettre en route"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "iniciar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "arrancar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "anlassen"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "e.g. an engine",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "beindít"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "menjalankan"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "avviare"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shidō suru",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "始動する"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "menjalankan"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "stèrter"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "uruchomić"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "zapalić"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "zapuścić"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "ligar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "porni"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapuskátʹ",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запуска́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapustítʹ",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запусти́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "pokrenuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "fari pàrtiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "aḍḍumari"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "zagnati"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "iniciar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "arrancar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starta"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "sätta igång"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 11 34 11 11 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kiḷappu",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "கிளப்பு"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion)."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-p1zgAKVK",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 2 2 55 2 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 4 15 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 2 55 2 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 4 15 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward",
"word": "esittää"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, William Temple, letter to The Countess of Essex",
"text": "Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they can start.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-c2yFdSsS",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The rain started at 9:00.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin an activity."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-IFCHWmOl",
"links": [
[
"activity",
"activity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To begin an activity."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The speed limit is 50 km/h, starting at the edge of town.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The blue line starts one foot away from the wall.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have its origin (at), begin."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-RZZy2sqn",
"links": [
[
"have",
"have"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have its origin (at), begin."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 11 8 8 8 5 41 0 0 5 1 0 1 1 3 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 11 8 8 8 5 41 0 0 5 1 0 1 1 3 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "kezdődik"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 11 8 8 8 5 41 0 0 5 1 0 1 1 3 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "elkezdődik"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 11 8 8 8 5 41 0 0 5 1 0 1 1 3 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "megkezdődik"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 11 8 8 8 5 41 0 0 5 1 0 1 1 3 0",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "pàrtiri"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXXI",
"text": "[...] The tempest's mocking elf\nPoints to the shipman thus the unseen shelf\nHe strikes on, only when the timbers start.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To jerk suddenly in surprise."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-SjzndxiP",
"links": [
[
"jerk",
"jerk"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(intransitive) To jerk suddenly in surprise."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepvam",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "трепвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sepvam se",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "сепвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "rykke til"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "opschrikken"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hveppa"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hätkähtää"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "säpsähtää"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "sursauter"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "zusammenfahren"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "zusammenzucken"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "rándul"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "összerándul"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "megrezzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "összerezzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hrökkva við"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bikuttosuru",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "びくっとする"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "ohomauri"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "ohorere"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "ohotata"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"english": "whilst asleep",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "kōtiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hoto"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "kohema"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "poderwać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "sobressaltar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórgatʹsja",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дёргаться"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórnutʹsja",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дёрнуться"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzdragivatʹ",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "вздрагивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "leum"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "trznuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "trgnuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "abbaguttiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "risautari"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 53 9 10 6 6 2 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "rycka till"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To awaken suddenly."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-fF445wRC",
"links": [
[
"awaken",
"awaken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(intransitive) To awaken suddenly."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strjaskam se",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "стряскам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "vågne med et sæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "säpsähtää"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "havahtua"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "herätä äkisti"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "auffahren"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "aufschrecken"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "felriad"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "hrökkva upp"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tobi-okiru",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "飛び起きる"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zerwać się (z łóżka)"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 47 13 7 7 3 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "risautari"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The hounds started a fox.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-R0U2pxHk",
"links": [
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"startle",
"startle"
],
[
"alarm",
"alarm"
],
[
"rouse",
"rouse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(transitive) To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1836, Elizur Wright, Quarterly Anti-slavery Magazine, volume 2, page 162",
"text": "Physical poison would make them start from arsenicked bread; shall not the moral poison which is in it, make them start more promptly still from slave produce?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To flinch or draw back."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-zJmM~K--",
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(intransitive) To flinch or draw back."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start a bone; the storm started the bolts in the vessel",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-VbuN4k5A",
"links": [
[
"suddenly",
"suddenly"
],
[
"displace",
"displace"
],
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"dislocate",
"dislocate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(transitive) To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To break away, to come loose."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-lUgM1Rlb",
"links": [
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To break away, to come loose."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 70 2 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "komme løs"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 70 2 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "løsrive sig"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 70 2 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "irrota"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 70 2 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "sich lösen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 70 2 3 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "allintari"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 1 6 3 2 5 2 3 2 1 2 1 10 2 5 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 3 3 7 11 4 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Buttons",
"orig": "en:Buttons",
"parents": [
"Mechanisms",
"Machines",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Brian Glanville, The Story of the World Cup: The Essential Companion to South Africa 2010, London: Faber and Faber, page 361",
"text": "The charge against Zagallo then is not so much that he started Ronaldo, but that when it should surely have been clear that the player was in no fit state to take part he kept him on.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put into play."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-BO9W6F-I",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, sports) To put into play."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start a water cask",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-JJsAkev3",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, nautical) To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Have you started yet?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To start one's periods (menstruation)."
],
"id": "en-start-en-verb-OhksNkzw",
"links": [
[
"period",
"period"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, euphemistic) To start one's periods (menstruation)."
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterten",
"t": "to leap up suddenly, rush out"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "styrtan",
"t": "to leap up, start"
},
"expansion": "Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sturtijan",
"t": "to startle, move, set in motion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"t": "to be stiff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "stirta",
"t": "to fall down, tumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sterten",
"t": "to rush, fall, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "storten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch storten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sturzen",
"t": "to hurl, plunge, turn upside down"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stürzen"
},
"expansion": "German stürzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sterzan",
"t": "to be stiff, protrude"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stare"
},
"expansion": "stare",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (plural starts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hard start"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instance of starting."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun--4YJR3wf",
"links": [
[
"start",
"#Verb"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "get started"
},
{
"word": "jump-start"
},
{
"word": "start off"
},
{
"word": "start on"
},
{
"word": "start out"
},
{
"word": "start up"
},
{
"word": "the terms derived from starting"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "clubstart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "redstart"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "projection"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stert"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stert",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "start",
"t": "tail, handle, projection"
},
"expansion": "start (“tail, handle, projection”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "steort"
},
"expansion": "Old English steort",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stert"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stert",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stertaz",
"4": "",
"5": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stertaz (“tail”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "start"
},
"expansion": "Scots start",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "stairt",
"t": "side-post, shaft, upright post"
},
"expansion": "stairt (“side-post, shaft, upright post”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "staart",
"3": "",
"4": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Dutch staart (“tail”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sterz",
"3": "",
"4": "tail, handle"
},
"expansion": "German Sterz (“tail, handle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stjärt",
"3": "",
"4": "tail, arse"
},
"expansion": "Swedish stjärt (“tail, arse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Middle English stert, start (“tail, handle, projection”), from Old English steort, from Proto-West Germanic *stert, from Proto-Germanic *stertaz (“tail”). Cognate with Scots start, stairt (“side-post, shaft, upright post”), Dutch staart (“tail”), German Sterz (“tail, handle”), Swedish stjärt (“tail, arse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (plural starts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A projection or protrusion; that which pokes out."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-Wl5A1yuL",
"links": [
[
"project",
"project"
],
[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
],
[
"poke",
"poke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A handle, especially that of a plough."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-sg546ELA",
"links": [
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"plough",
"plough"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Captain R.E. Crawley, Description of a Water-Course, Wharf, and Water-Wheel, erected at Waltham Abbey, Essex […]",
"text": "The fall of water is 6 feet, and the radius of the curve is 8 feet, from the centre of the water-wheel to the extreme point of the start.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The curved or inclined front and bottom of a water wheel bucket."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-GolALaeA",
"links": [
[
"water wheel",
"water wheel"
],
[
"bucket",
"bucket"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The arm, or level, of a gin, drawn around by a horse."
],
"id": "en-start-en-noun-kHdb5g3-",
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"gin",
"gin"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stark"
},
"expansion": "stark",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of stark.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more start",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most start",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (comparative more start, superlative most start)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1828 August 22, “Militia System”, in The New England Farmer, volume VII, Boston, M.A.: John B. Russell, published 1829, page 40, column 1",
"text": "Col.—The age has no sense—the people are start mad—as mad as a March mare. We should have fine times, indeed if our laws did'nt compel the poor people to protect the property of the rich.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Completely, utterly."
],
"id": "en-start-en-adv-qUZQ3WLQ",
"links": [
[
"Completely",
"completely#Adverb"
],
[
"utterly",
"utterly#Adverb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, archaic) Completely, utterly."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"categories": [
"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English control verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English raising verbs",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Romansch translations",
"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable",
"en:Buttons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "alpine start"
},
{
"word": "black start"
},
{
"word": "bump-start"
},
{
"word": "by fits and starts"
},
{
"word": "by starts and leaps"
},
{
"word": "down start"
},
{
"word": "false start"
},
{
"word": "flying start"
},
{
"word": "for a start"
},
{
"word": "fresh start"
},
{
"word": "a standing start"
},
{
"word": "the start"
},
{
"word": "headstart"
},
{
"word": "hill start"
},
{
"word": "jackrabbit start"
},
{
"word": "jumpstart"
},
{
"word": "kick start"
},
{
"word": "kickstart"
},
{
"word": "mass start"
},
{
"word": "multi-start"
},
{
"word": "night start"
},
{
"word": "one-start"
},
{
"word": "pull start"
},
{
"word": "push-start"
},
{
"word": "quality start"
},
{
"word": "recoil start"
},
{
"word": "rolling start"
},
{
"word": "shotgun start"
},
{
"word": "sleep start"
},
{
"word": "standing start"
},
{
"word": "start codon"
},
{
"word": "start key"
},
{
"word": "start page"
},
{
"word": "stop-start"
},
{
"word": "two-start"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Start",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Start",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Start"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stert"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stert",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sterten",
"3": "",
"4": "to start, startle"
},
"expansion": "sterten (“to start, startle”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stert, from the verb sterten (“to start, startle”). See below.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (plural starts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The movie was entertaining from start to finish.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The beginning of an activity."
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He woke with a start.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1885, Robert Louis Stevenson, Olalla",
"text": "The sight of his scared face, his starts and pallors and sudden harkenings, unstrung me […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden involuntary movement."
],
"links": [
[
"movement",
"movement"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Captured pieces are returned to the start of the board.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The beginning point of a race, a board game, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"board game",
"board game"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jones has been a substitute before, but made his first start for the team last Sunday.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2011 February 12, Ian Hughes, “Arsenal 2 - 0 Wolverhampton”, in BBC",
"text": "Wilshere, who made his first start for England in the midweek friendly win over Denmark, raced into the penalty area and chose to cross rather than shoot - one of the very few poor selections he made in the match.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An appearance in a sports game, horserace, etc., from the beginning of the event."
],
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Horticulture"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Liz Primeau, Steven A. Frowine, Gardening Basics For Canadians For Dummies",
"text": "You generally see nursery starts at garden centres in mid to late spring. Small annual plants are generally sold in four-packs or larger packs, with each cell holding a single young plant.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later."
],
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"germinate",
"germinate"
],
[
"transplant",
"transplant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horticulture) A young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "to get, or have, the start"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An initial advantage over somebody else; a head start."
],
"links": [
[
"head start",
"head start"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English slang",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, Hawley Smart, A False Start, volume 2, page 69",
"text": "“It's a rum start, old John Madingley's coming down to Tunnleton,” said Grafton, one evening in the smoking-room; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A happening or proceeding."
],
"links": [
[
"happening",
"happening"
],
[
"proceeding",
"proceeding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, slang, archaic) A happening or proceeding."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"archaic",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "beginning of an activity"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "najma",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "نَجْمَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ibtidāʔ",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "اِبْتِدَاء"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "skizb",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "սկիզբ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "arombho",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "আৰম্ভ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačátak",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пача́так"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ibtida",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ইবতিদা"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śuru",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "শুরু"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "agaz",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "আগাজ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načálo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нача́ло"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kāishǐ",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "开始"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "začátek"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begyndelse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "begin"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "start"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "aanvang"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "eko"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "komenco"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "byrjan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "alku"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "aloitus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "käynnistys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "startti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "départ"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "début"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dasac̣q̇isi",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "დასაწყისი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beginn"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Anfang"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "frumisti",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "anastōdeins",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archí",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αρχή"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xekínima",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ξεκίνημα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "arkhḗ",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀρχή"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "kòmansman"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hatkhalá",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "התחלה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "kezdet"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "byrjun"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "upphaf"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "komenco"
},
{
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari Sami",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "algâ"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "alku"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "alutos"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avvio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partenza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inizio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaishi",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"alt": "はじめ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajime",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "初め"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sutāto",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "スタート"
},
{
"alt": "でだし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dedashi",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "出だし"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheo'eum",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "처음"
},
{
"alt": "始作",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sijak",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "시작"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "sereta",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "سەرەتا"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "exordium"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orīgō"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "póčetok",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́четок"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "tīmatanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ōrokotīmatanga"
},
{
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "bul"
},
{
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "tìr"
},
{
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ṭan"
},
{
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "ṭanna"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âğâz",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "آغاز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "początek"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "zaczątek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "começo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "início"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "princípio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "început"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálo",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нача́ло"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "start",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старт"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "āda",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आद"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "ārambha",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "आरम्भ"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toiseach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "почетак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "početak"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inizziu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "začiatok"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "začetek"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inicio"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comienzo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empiece"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "start"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "simula"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "toṭaṅku",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "தொடங்கு"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "başlangıç"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počátok",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "поча́ток"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"word": "bắt đầu"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "beginning of an activity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cychwyn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepvane",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "трепване"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sepvane",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "сепване"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "hätkähdys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "säpsähdys"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruck"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "rándulás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "összerándulás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "összerezzenés"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "viðbragð"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geit"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sussulto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sobbalzo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "tamaki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "kahuki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "oho"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "ohorere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"word": "ohotata"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rykk"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "subresaut"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ressaut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sobressalto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryvók",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рыво́к"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leum"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clisgeadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "трзај"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "покрет"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "trzaj"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pokret"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scantazzu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "respingo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sudden involuntary movement",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ryck"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "najma",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "نَجْمَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "meknark",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "մեկնարկ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "start",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старт"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qǐdiǎn",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "起点"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "start"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "startlijn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "lähtö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "départ"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Start"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afetiría",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αφετηρία"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekkínisi",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "εκκίνηση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hatkhalá",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "התחלה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "rajt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "start"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "upphaf"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avvio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partenza"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaishi chiten",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "開始地点"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shiten",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "始点"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sutāto chiten",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "スタート地点"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "tīmatanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "ōrokotīmatanga"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "opphav"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "start"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "largada"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partida"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "start",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старт"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "почетак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "полазиште"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "početak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "polazište"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "partenza"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "salida"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "simula"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "beginning point of a race",
"word": "start"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tituljar",
"sense": "appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "титуляр"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match",
"word": "aloituskokoonpano"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later",
"word": "istukas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later",
"word": "taimi"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"; to stop",
"word": "stop"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "end"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "cease"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"; to finish",
"word": "finish"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "conclude"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"to begin\"",
"word": "complete"
}
],
"categories": [
"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English control verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English raising verbs",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"North Levantine Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Romansch translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable",
"en:Buttons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "astart"
},
{
"word": "bump-start"
},
{
"word": "get in the boat and start rowing"
},
{
"word": "kick start"
},
{
"word": "never start a land war in Asia"
},
{
"word": "push-start"
},
{
"word": "self-starting"
},
{
"word": "start a family"
},
{
"word": "start afresh"
},
{
"word": "start a fresh hare"
},
{
"word": "start a hare"
},
{
"word": "start a hare running"
},
{
"word": "starter"
},
{
"word": "start from where you are"
},
{
"word": "start in"
},
{
"word": "starting post"
},
{
"word": "start in on"
},
{
"word": "start over"
},
{
"word": "start the ball rolling"
},
{
"word": "start-up"
},
{
"word": "start with a clean sheet"
},
{
"word": "start with a clean slate"
},
{
"word": "to start with"
},
{
"word": "when the looting starts, the shooting starts"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "撻",
"bor": "1",
"id": "start",
"tr": "taat¹"
},
"expansion": "→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "starten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: starten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: starten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "starten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: starten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: starten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "stèrter",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norman: stèrter",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norman: stèrter"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "starter",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: starter",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: starter"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Icelandic: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Icelandic: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Faroese: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Faroese: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "starte",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "starta",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: starta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: starta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "starte",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: starte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: starte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "štartovať",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: štartovať",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: štartovať"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterten",
"t": "to leap up suddenly, rush out"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "styrtan",
"t": "to leap up, start"
},
"expansion": "Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sturtijan",
"t": "to startle, move, set in motion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"t": "to be stiff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "stirta",
"t": "to fall down, tumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sterten",
"t": "to rush, fall, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "storten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch storten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sturzen",
"t": "to hurl, plunge, turn upside down"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stürzen"
},
"expansion": "German stürzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sterzan",
"t": "to be stiff, protrude"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stare"
},
"expansion": "stare",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "starting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "started",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "started",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (third-person singular simple present starts, present participle starting, simple past and past participle started)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start a stream of water; to start a rumour; to start a business",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "April 2, 1716, Joseph Addison, Freeholder No. 30",
"text": "I was some years ago engaged in conversation with a fashionable French Abbe, upon a subject which the people of that kingdom love to start in discourse."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To set in motion."
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To set in motion."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 July 19, Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 30",
"text": "Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until they start compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16. Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To begin."
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To begin."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start the engine",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine."
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
],
[
"ready",
"ready"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine."
],
"senseid": [
"en:to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion)."
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, William Temple, letter to The Countess of Essex",
"text": "Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they can start.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent."
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
],
[
"initiate",
"initiate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.",
"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The rain started at 9:00.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To begin an activity."
],
"links": [
[
"activity",
"activity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To begin an activity."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The speed limit is 50 km/h, starting at the edge of town.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The blue line starts one foot away from the wall.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have its origin (at), begin."
],
"links": [
[
"have",
"have"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have its origin (at), begin."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXXI",
"text": "[...] The tempest's mocking elf\nPoints to the shipman thus the unseen shelf\nHe strikes on, only when the timbers start.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To jerk suddenly in surprise."
],
"links": [
[
"jerk",
"jerk"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(intransitive) To jerk suddenly in surprise."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To awaken suddenly."
],
"links": [
[
"awaken",
"awaken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(intransitive) To awaken suddenly."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The hounds started a fox.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly."
],
"links": [
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"startle",
"startle"
],
[
"alarm",
"alarm"
],
[
"rouse",
"rouse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(transitive) To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1836, Elizur Wright, Quarterly Anti-slavery Magazine, volume 2, page 162",
"text": "Physical poison would make them start from arsenicked bread; shall not the moral poison which is in it, make them start more promptly still from slave produce?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To flinch or draw back."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(intransitive) To flinch or draw back."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start a bone; the storm started the bolts in the vessel",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate."
],
"links": [
[
"suddenly",
"suddenly"
],
[
"displace",
"displace"
],
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
],
[
"dislocate",
"dislocate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.",
"(transitive) To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To break away, to come loose."
],
"links": [
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To break away, to come loose."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Brian Glanville, The Story of the World Cup: The Essential Companion to South Africa 2010, London: Faber and Faber, page 361",
"text": "The charge against Zagallo then is not so much that he started Ronaldo, but that when it should surely have been clear that the player was in no fit state to take part he kept him on.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put into play."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, sports) To put into play."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to start a water cask",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, nautical) To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English euphemisms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Have you started yet?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To start one's periods (menstruation)."
],
"links": [
[
"period",
"period"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, euphemistic) To start one's periods (menstruation)."
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aangaan"
},
{
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "to begin"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "badaʔa",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "بَدَأَ"
},
{
"code": "apc",
"lang": "Arabic",
"raw_tags": [
"Lebanese Arabic"
],
"roman": "ballaš",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "بلّش"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bdā",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "بدا"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bada",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "بدا"
},
{
"code": "ajp",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ballaš",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"South-Levantine-Arabic"
],
"word": "بلّش"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sksel",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "սկսել"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ahurhescu"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ãnchisescu"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "apãrnjescu"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ntsep"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "arombho kor",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "আৰম্ভ কৰ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "entamar"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "başlamaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačynácʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пачына́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačácʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "пача́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačynácca",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пачына́цца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačácca",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "пача́цца"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śuru kora",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "শুরু করা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zapóčvam",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запо́чвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "póčvam",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "по́чвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "póčna",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "по́чна"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "ca.",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "စ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "adaleniha",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ᎠᏓᎴᏂᎭ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hoi¹ ci²",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "开始"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "開始"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kāishǐ",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "开始"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "začínat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "začít"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "nizuor"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aanvangen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aloittaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "alkaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "commencer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "entamer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "débuter"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comença"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comezar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dac̣q̇eba",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "დაწყება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "anfangen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "dustōdjan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xekinó",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ξεκινώ"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "árkhomai",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ἄρχομαι"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "komanse"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śurū karnā",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "शुरू करना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "elkezd"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "megkezd"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "kezd"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "byrja"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "alkaa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "noissa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "käyvvä"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "lähtiä"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "aluttaa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "täytyä"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ruveta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "cuir tús le"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "cominciare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "iniziare"
},
{
"alt": "はじめる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajimeru",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "始める"
},
{
"alt": "かいしする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaishi suru",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "開始する"
},
{
"alt": "はじまる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajimaru",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "始まる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sijak-hada",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "시작하다"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "despêkirdin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "دەسپێکردن"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "incipiō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ordior"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "initiō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "tīmata"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "surū karṇe",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "सुरू करणे"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "tüŋalaš",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "тӱҥалаш"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "śurū garnu",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "शुरू गर्नु"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "c'menchi"
},
{
"code": "frr",
"lang": "Northern Frisian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Hallig"
],
"word": "öönfange"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "begynne"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "maad-"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "onġinnan"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comencier"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âğâzidan",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "آغازیدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "zacząć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "começar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "iniciar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
],
"word": "estartar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "începe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načinátʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "начина́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načátʹ",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "нача́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načinátʹsja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "начина́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načátʹsja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "нача́ться"
},
{
"code": "sat",
"lang": "Santali",
"roman": "ehop’",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ᱮᱦᱳᱵ"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "tòisich"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "по̀че̄ти"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "започети"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "начнути"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "начети"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "pòčēti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "započeti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "načnuti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "načeti"
},
{
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "tàae",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "တႄႇ"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "accuminzari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "accuminciari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "začať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "začínať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "začeti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "empezar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "comenzar"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "-anza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "börja"
},
{
"code": "syl",
"lang": "Sylheti",
"roman": "śuru xora",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ꠡꠥꠞꠥ ꠇꠞꠣ"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "magsimula"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rə̂əm",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "เริ่ม"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rə̂əm-dtôn",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "เริ่มต้น"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "ตั้งต้น"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "başlamak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počynáty",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "почина́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počáty",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "поча́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počynátysja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "почина́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počátysja",
"sense": "to begin",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "поча́тися"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "scuminsiar"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to begin",
"word": "bắt đầu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "işə salmaq"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śuru kora",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "শুরু করা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "puskam",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "пускам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "käynnistää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "aloittaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "rumor",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "laskea liikkeelle"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "commencer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "comezar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "anfangen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "streuen (rumour)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "gründen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "elindít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "indít"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "timata"
},
{
"code": "lus",
"lang": "Mizo",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "ṭan"
},
{
"code": "nap",
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "accumencià"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starte"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "comencier"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "ruszyć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "abrir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "começar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "începe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapuskátʹ",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запуска́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapustítʹ",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запусти́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "zapustiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "pustiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "navesti"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "fari pàrtiri"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "empezar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "comenzar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to set in motion",
"word": "starta"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "aangaan"
},
{
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "işə salmaq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "startiram",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "стартирам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "engegar"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "malichi"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qǐdòng",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "启动"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "käynnistää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "startata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "démarrer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "mettre en route"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "iniciar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "arrancar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "anlassen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "e.g. an engine",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "beindít"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "menjalankan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "avviare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shidō suru",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "始動する"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "menjalankan"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "stèrter"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "uruchomić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "zapalić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "zapuścić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "ligar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "porni"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapuskátʹ",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "запуска́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zapustítʹ",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запусти́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "pokrenuti"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "fari pàrtiri"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "aḍḍumari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "zagnati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "iniciar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "arrancar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "starta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "sätta igång"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kiḷappu",
"sense": "to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine",
"word": "கிளப்பு"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward",
"word": "esittää"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "aangaan"
},
{
"code": "ase",
"lang": "American Sign Language",
"note": "1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sksvel",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "սկսվել"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "započvam",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "започвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "starten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "aanvangen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "eki"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "komenci"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "alkaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "aloittaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "of motors",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "käynnistyä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "commencer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "débuter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "beginnen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitkhíl",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "התחיל"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "patsákh",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "פצח"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "elkezd"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "kezd"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "creare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "avviare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajimaru",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "始まる"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "despêkirdin",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "دەسپێکردن"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "c'menchi"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "comencier"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zacząć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozpocząć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "começar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načinátʹsja",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "начина́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načátʹsja",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нача́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "startovátʹ",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "стартова́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "početi"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "započeti"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "attaccari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "accuminciari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "nnartari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "ncignari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "pàrtiri"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of an activity, to begin",
"word": "börja"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "començar"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "kezdődik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "elkezdődik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "megkezdődik"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to have its origin (at), begin",
"word": "pàrtiri"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepvam",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "трепвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sepvam se",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "сепвам се"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "rykke til"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "opschrikken"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hveppa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hätkähtää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "säpsähtää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "sursauter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "zusammenfahren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "zusammenzucken"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "rándul"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "összerándul"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "megrezzen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "összerezzen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hrökkva við"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bikuttosuru",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "びくっとする"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "ohomauri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "ohorere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "ohotata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hiki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "whilst asleep",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "kōtiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "hoto"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "kohema"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "poderwać się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "sobressaltar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórgatʹsja",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дёргаться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórnutʹsja",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дёрнуться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vzdragivatʹ",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "вздрагивать"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "leum"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "trznuti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "trgnuti"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "abbaguttiri"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "risautari"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to jerk suddenly in surprise",
"word": "rycka till"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strjaskam se",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "стряскам се"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "vågne med et sæt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "säpsähtää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "havahtua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "herätä äkisti"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "auffahren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "aufschrecken"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "felriad"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "hrökkva upp"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tobi-okiru",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "飛び起きる"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zerwać się (z łóżka)"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to awaken suddenly",
"word": "risautari"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "komme løs"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "løsrive sig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "irrota"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "sich lösen"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to break away, to come loose",
"word": "allintari"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"categories": [
"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English control verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English raising verbs",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"North Levantine Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Romansch translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable",
"en:Buttons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hard start"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sterten",
"t": "to leap up suddenly, rush out"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "styrtan",
"t": "to leap up, start"
},
"expansion": "Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sturtijan",
"t": "to startle, move, set in motion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"t": "to be stiff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "stirta",
"t": "to fall down, tumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sterten",
"t": "to rush, fall, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "storten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch storten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sturzen",
"t": "to hurl, plunge, turn upside down"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stürzen"
},
"expansion": "German stürzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sterzan",
"t": "to be stiff, protrude"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stare"
},
"expansion": "stare",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (plural starts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "get started"
},
{
"word": "jump-start"
},
{
"word": "start off"
},
{
"word": "start on"
},
{
"word": "start out"
},
{
"word": "start up"
},
{
"word": "the terms derived from starting"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An instance of starting."
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"#Verb"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English control verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English raising verbs",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable",
"en:Buttons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "clubstart"
},
{
"word": "redstart"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "projection"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stert"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stert",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "start",
"t": "tail, handle, projection"
},
"expansion": "start (“tail, handle, projection”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "steort"
},
"expansion": "Old English steort",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stert"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stert",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stertaz",
"4": "",
"5": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stertaz (“tail”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "start"
},
"expansion": "Scots start",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "stairt",
"t": "side-post, shaft, upright post"
},
"expansion": "stairt (“side-post, shaft, upright post”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "staart",
"3": "",
"4": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Dutch staart (“tail”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sterz",
"3": "",
"4": "tail, handle"
},
"expansion": "German Sterz (“tail, handle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stjärt",
"3": "",
"4": "tail, arse"
},
"expansion": "Swedish stjärt (“tail, arse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Middle English stert, start (“tail, handle, projection”), from Old English steort, from Proto-West Germanic *stert, from Proto-Germanic *stertaz (“tail”). Cognate with Scots start, stairt (“side-post, shaft, upright post”), Dutch staart (“tail”), German Sterz (“tail, handle”), Swedish stjärt (“tail, arse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (plural starts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A projection or protrusion; that which pokes out."
],
"links": [
[
"project",
"project"
],
[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
],
[
"poke",
"poke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A handle, especially that of a plough."
],
"links": [
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"plough",
"plough"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Captain R.E. Crawley, Description of a Water-Course, Wharf, and Water-Wheel, erected at Waltham Abbey, Essex […]",
"text": "The fall of water is 6 feet, and the radius of the curve is 8 feet, from the centre of the water-wheel to the extreme point of the start.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The curved or inclined front and bottom of a water wheel bucket."
],
"links": [
[
"water wheel",
"water wheel"
],
[
"bucket",
"bucket"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The arm, or level, of a gin, drawn around by a horse."
],
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"gin",
"gin"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English control verbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English raising verbs",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable",
"en:Buttons"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stark"
},
"expansion": "stark",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of stark.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more start",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most start",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "start (comparative more start, superlative most start)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1828 August 22, “Militia System”, in The New England Farmer, volume VII, Boston, M.A.: John B. Russell, published 1829, page 40, column 1",
"text": "Col.—The age has no sense—the people are start mad—as mad as a March mare. We should have fine times, indeed if our laws did'nt compel the poor people to protect the property of the rich.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Completely, utterly."
],
"links": [
[
"Completely",
"completely#Adverb"
],
[
"utterly",
"utterly#Adverb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, archaic) Completely, utterly."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɑɹt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)t"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-start.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "stärt"
}
],
"word": "start"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"start"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": afetiría vs. afetiría",
"path": [
"start"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": ekkínisi vs. ekkínisi",
"path": [
"start"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"start"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"start"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"start"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "start/English/noun: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\"}: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English adverbs\", \"English control verbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English entries with topic categories using raw markup\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English raising verbs\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Latin translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Romansch translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable\", \"en:Buttons\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"alpine start\"}, {\"word\": \"black start\"}, {\"word\": \"bump-start\"}, {\"word\": \"by fits and starts\"}, {\"word\": \"by starts and leaps\"}, {\"word\": \"down start\"}, {\"word\": \"false start\"}, {\"word\": \"flying start\"}, {\"word\": \"for a start\"}, {\"word\": \"fresh start\"}, {\"word\": \"a standing start\"}, {\"word\": \"the start\"}, {\"word\": \"headstart\"}, {\"word\": \"hill start\"}, {\"word\": \"jackrabbit start\"}, {\"word\": \"jumpstart\"}, {\"word\": \"kick start\"}, {\"word\": \"kickstart\"}, {\"word\": \"mass start\"}, {\"word\": \"multi-start\"}, {\"word\": \"night start\"}, {\"word\": \"one-start\"}, {\"word\": \"pull start\"}, {\"word\": \"push-start\"}, {\"word\": \"quality start\"}, {\"word\": \"recoil start\"}, {\"word\": \"rolling start\"}, {\"word\": \"shotgun start\"}, {\"word\": \"sleep start\"}, {\"word\": \"standing start\"}, {\"word\": \"start codon\"}, {\"word\": \"start key\"}, {\"word\": \"start page\"}, {\"word\": \"stop-start\"}, {\"word\": \"two-start\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Start\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ German: Start\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ German: Start\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"stert\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English stert\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"sterten\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to start, startle\"}, \"expansion\": \"sterten (“to start, startle”)\", \"name\": \"m\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English stert, from the verb sterten (“to start, startle”). See below.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"starts\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"start (plural starts)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The movie was entertaining from start to finish.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The beginning of an activity.\"], \"links\": [[\"beginning\", \"beginning\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He woke with a start.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1885, Robert Louis Stevenson, Olalla\", \"text\": \"The sight of his scared face, his starts and pallors and sudden harkenings, unstrung me […]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden involuntary movement.\"], \"links\": [[\"movement\", \"movement\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Captured pieces are returned to the start of the board.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The beginning point of a race, a board game, etc.\"], \"links\": [[\"point\", \"point\"], [\"race\", \"race\"], [\"board game\", \"board game\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Jones has been a substitute before, but made his first start for the team last Sunday.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011 February 12, Ian Hughes, “Arsenal 2 - 0 Wolverhampton”, in BBC\", \"text\": \"Wilshere, who made his first start for England in the midweek friendly win over Denmark, raced into the penalty area and chose to cross rather than shoot - one of the very few poor selections he made in the match.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An appearance in a sports game, horserace, etc., from the beginning of the event.\"], \"links\": [[\"appearance\", \"appearance\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Horticulture\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2009, Liz Primeau, Steven A. Frowine, Gardening Basics For Canadians For Dummies\", \"text\": \"You generally see nursery starts at garden centres in mid to late spring. Small annual plants are generally sold in four-packs or larger packs, with each cell holding a single young plant.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later.\"], \"links\": [[\"horticulture\", \"horticulture\"], [\"plant\", \"plant\"], [\"germinate\", \"germinate\"], [\"transplant\", \"transplant\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(horticulture) A young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later.\"], \"topics\": [\"agriculture\", \"business\", \"horticulture\", \"lifestyle\"]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to get, or have, the start\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An initial advantage over somebody else; a head start.\"], \"links\": [[\"head start\", \"head start\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1887, Hawley Smart, A False Start, volume 2, page 69\", \"text\": \"“It's a rum start, old John Madingley's coming down to Tunnleton,” said Grafton, one evening in the smoking-room; […]\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A happening or proceeding.\"], \"links\": [[\"happening\", \"happening\"], [\"proceeding\", \"proceeding\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, slang, archaic) A happening or proceeding.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"archaic\", \"slang\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/stɑːt/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/stɑɹt/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)t\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"Southern-England\"], \"text\": \"Audio (Southern England)\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-start.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"text\": \"Audio (US)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"stärt\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"najma\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَجْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ibtidāʔ\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"اِبْتِدَاء\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"skizb\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"սկիզբ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"arombho\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"আৰম্ভ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačátak\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"пача́так\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"ibtida\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"ইবতিদা\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"শুরু\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"agaz\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"আগাজ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"načálo\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"нача́ло\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"kāishǐ\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"začátek\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"begyndelse\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"begin\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"start\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"aanvang\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"eko\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"komenco\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"byrjan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"alku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"aloitus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"käynnistys\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"startti\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"départ\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"début\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dasac̣q̇isi\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"დასაწყისი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Beginn\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Anfang\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"frumisti\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"anastōdeins\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"archí\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"αρχή\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"xekínima\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ξεκίνημα\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"arkhḗ\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ἀρχή\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"kòmansman\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hatkhalá\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התחלה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"kezdet\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"byrjun\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"upphaf\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"komenco\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari Sami\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"algâ\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"alku\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"alutos\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"avvio\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"partenza\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"inizio\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kaishi\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじめ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajime\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"初め\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"sutāto\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"スタート\"}, {\"alt\": \"でだし\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"dedashi\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"出だし\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"cheo'eum\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"처음\"}, {\"alt\": \"始作\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sijak\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"시작\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"sereta\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"سەرەتا\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"exordium\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"orīgō\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"póčetok\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"по́четок\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"tīmatanga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"ōrokotīmatanga\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"bul\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"tìr\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"ṭan\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"ṭanna\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"âğâz\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"آغاز\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"początek\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"zaczątek\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"começo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"início\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"princípio\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"început\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načálo\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"нача́ло\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"start\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"старт\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"āda\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"आद\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"ārambha\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"आरम्भ\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"toiseach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"почетак\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"početak\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"inizziu\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"začiatok\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"začetek\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"inicio\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comienzo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"empiece\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"start\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"simula\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"toṭaṅku\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"தொடங்கு\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"başlangıç\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počátok\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"поча́ток\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"word\": \"bắt đầu\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"beginning of an activity\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cychwyn\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"trepvane\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"трепване\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sepvane\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"сепване\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"hätkähdys\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"säpsähdys\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Ruck\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"rándulás\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"összerándulás\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"összerezzenés\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"viðbragð\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"geit\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sussulto\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sobbalzo\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"tamaki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"kahuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"oho\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"word\": \"ohotata\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rykk\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"subresaut\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ressaut\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sobressalto\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ryvók\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"рыво́к\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"leum\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"clisgeadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"трзај\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"покрет\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trzaj\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pokret\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"scantazzu\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"respingo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden involuntary movement\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ryck\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"najma\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَجْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"meknark\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"մեկնարկ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"start\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"старт\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qǐdiǎn\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"起点\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"start\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"startlijn\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"lähtö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"départ\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Start\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"afetiría\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"αφετηρία\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"ekkínisi\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"εκκίνηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hatkhalá\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התחלה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"rajt\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"start\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"upphaf\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"avvio\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"partenza\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kaishi chiten\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"開始地点\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shiten\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"始点\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"sutāto chiten\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"スタート地点\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"tīmatanga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"ōrokotīmatanga\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"opphav\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"start\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"largada\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"partida\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"start\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"старт\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"почетак\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"полазиште\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"početak\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"polazište\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"partenza\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"salida\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"simula\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"beginning point of a race\", \"word\": \"start\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tituljar\", \"sense\": \"appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"титуляр\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match\", \"word\": \"aloituskokoonpano\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later\", \"word\": \"istukas\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later\", \"word\": \"taimi\"}], \"word\": \"start\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "start/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to begin\"}: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"; to stop\", \"word\": \"stop\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"end\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"cease\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"; to finish\", \"word\": \"finish\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"conclude\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"complete\"}], \"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English adverbs\", \"English control verbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English entries with topic categories using raw markup\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English raising verbs\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English verbs\", \"North Levantine Arabic terms with redundant script codes\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Ido translations\", \"Requests for review of Irish translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Romansch translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable\", \"en:Buttons\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"astart\"}, {\"word\": \"bump-start\"}, {\"word\": \"get in the boat and start rowing\"}, {\"word\": \"kick start\"}, {\"word\": \"never start a land war in Asia\"}, {\"word\": \"push-start\"}, {\"word\": \"self-starting\"}, {\"word\": \"start a family\"}, {\"word\": \"start afresh\"}, {\"word\": \"start a fresh hare\"}, {\"word\": \"start a hare\"}, {\"word\": \"start a hare running\"}, {\"word\": \"starter\"}, {\"word\": \"start from where you are\"}, {\"word\": \"start in\"}, {\"word\": \"starting post\"}, {\"word\": \"start in on\"}, {\"word\": \"start over\"}, {\"word\": \"start the ball rolling\"}, {\"word\": \"start-up\"}, {\"word\": \"start with a clean sheet\"}, {\"word\": \"start with a clean slate\"}, {\"word\": \"to start with\"}, {\"word\": \"when the looting starts, the shooting starts\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"¹\", \"name\": \"sup\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"yue\", \"2\": \"撻\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"id\": \"start\", \"tr\": \"taat¹\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"starten\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Dutch: starten\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Dutch: starten\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"starten\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ German: starten\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ German: starten\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nrf\", \"2\": \"stèrter\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norman: stèrter\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norman: stèrter\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"starter\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ French: starter\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ French: starter\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Icelandic: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Icelandic: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fo\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Faroese: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Faroese: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nb\", \"2\": \"starte\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nn\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Swedish: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Swedish: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"starte\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Danish: starte\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Danish: starte\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sk\", \"2\": \"štartovať\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Slovak: štartovať\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Slovak: štartovať\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"sterten\", \"t\": \"to leap up suddenly, rush out\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"styrtan\", \"t\": \"to leap up, start\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*sturtijan\", \"t\": \"to startle, move, set in motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)ter-\", \"t\": \"to be stiff\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"stirta\", \"t\": \"to fall down, tumble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"sterten\", \"t\": \"to rush, fall, collapse\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"storten\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch storten\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"sturzen\", \"t\": \"to hurl, plunge, turn upside down\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"stürzen\"}, \"expansion\": \"German stürzen\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"sterzan\", \"t\": \"to be stiff, protrude\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"stare\"}, \"expansion\": \"stare\", \"name\": \"l\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"starts\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"starting\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"started\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"started\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"start (third-person singular simple present starts, present participle starting, simple past and past participle started)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a stream of water; to start a rumour; to start a business\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"April 2, 1716, Joseph Addison, Freeholder No. 30\", \"text\": \"I was some years ago engaged in conversation with a fashionable French Abbe, upon a subject which the people of that kingdom love to start in discourse.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To set in motion.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"], [\"motion\", \"motion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To set in motion.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 July 19, Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 30\", \"text\": \"Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until they start compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16. Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To begin.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To begin.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start the engine\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"], [\"ready\", \"ready\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1674, William Temple, letter to The Countess of Essex\", \"text\": \"Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they can start.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The rain started at 9:00.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin an activity.\"], \"links\": [[\"activity\", \"activity\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To begin an activity.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The speed limit is 50 km/h, starting at the edge of town.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The blue line starts one foot away from the wall.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have its origin (at), begin.\"], \"links\": [[\"have\", \"have\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"begin\", \"begin\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To have its origin (at), begin.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXXI\", \"text\": \"[...] The tempest's mocking elf\\nPoints to the shipman thus the unseen shelf\\nHe strikes on, only when the timbers start.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To jerk suddenly in surprise.\"], \"links\": [[\"jerk\", \"jerk\"], [\"surprise\", \"surprise\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To jerk suddenly in surprise.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To awaken suddenly.\"], \"links\": [[\"awaken\", \"awaken\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To awaken suddenly.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The hounds started a fox.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.\"], \"links\": [[\"disturb\", \"disturb\"], [\"cause\", \"cause\"], [\"move\", \"move\"], [\"startle\", \"startle\"], [\"alarm\", \"alarm\"], [\"rouse\", \"rouse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(transitive) To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1836, Elizur Wright, Quarterly Anti-slavery Magazine, volume 2, page 162\", \"text\": \"Physical poison would make them start from arsenicked bread; shall not the moral poison which is in it, make them start more promptly still from slave produce?\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To flinch or draw back.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To flinch or draw back.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a bone; the storm started the bolts in the vessel\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate.\"], \"links\": [[\"suddenly\", \"suddenly\"], [\"displace\", \"displace\"], [\"loosen\", \"loosen\"], [\"dislocate\", \"dislocate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(transitive) To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To break away, to come loose.\"], \"links\": [[\"come\", \"come\"], [\"loose\", \"loose\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To break away, to come loose.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Sports\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Brian Glanville, The Story of the World Cup: The Essential Companion to South Africa 2010, London: Faber and Faber, page 361\", \"text\": \"The charge against Zagallo then is not so much that he started Ronaldo, but that when it should surely have been clear that the player was in no fit state to take part he kept him on.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To put into play.\"], \"links\": [[\"sports\", \"sports\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, sports) To put into play.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Nautical\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a water cask\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.\"], \"links\": [[\"nautical\", \"nautical\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, nautical) To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"nautical\", \"transport\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English euphemisms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Have you started yet?\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To start one's periods (menstruation).\"], \"links\": [[\"period\", \"period\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, euphemistic) To start one's periods (menstruation).\"], \"tags\": [\"euphemistic\", \"intransitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/stɑːt/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/stɑɹt/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)t\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"Southern-England\"], \"text\": \"Audio (Southern England)\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-start.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"text\": \"Audio (US)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"stärt\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to begin\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"badaʔa\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"بَدَأَ\"}, {\"code\": \"apc\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Lebanese Arabic\"], \"roman\": \"ballaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"بلّش\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bdā\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بدا\"}, {\"code\": \"ajp\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bada\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"South-Levantine-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بدا\"}, {\"code\": \"ajp\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ballaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"South-Levantine-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بلّش\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"sksel\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"սկսել\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ahurhescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ãnchisescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"apãrnjescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ntsep\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"arombho kor\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"আৰম্ভ কৰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"entamar\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"başlamaq\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačynácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пачына́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"пача́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačynácca\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пачына́цца\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačácca\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"пача́цца\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru kora\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"শুরু করা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zapóčvam\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запо́чвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"póčvam\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"по́чвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"póčna\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"по́чна\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"ca.\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"စ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"adaleniha\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ᎠᏓᎴᏂᎭ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hoi¹ ci²\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"kāishǐ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"začínat\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"začít\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"nizuor\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aanvangen\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"entamer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"débuter\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comença\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comezar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dac̣q̇eba\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"დაწყება\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"anfangen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"dustōdjan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"xekinó\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ξεκινώ\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"árkhomai\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ἄρχομαι\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"komanse\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"śurū karnā\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"शुरू करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"elkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"megkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"kezd\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"byrja\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"noissa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"käyvvä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"lähtiä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aluttaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"täytyä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ruveta\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"cuir tús le\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"cominciare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"iniziare\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじめる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimeru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"word\": \"始める\"}, {\"alt\": \"かいしする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kaishi suru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始する\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじまる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimaru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"始まる\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sijak-hada\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"시작하다\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"despêkirdin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"دەسپێکردن\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"incipiō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ordior\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"initiō\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"tīmata\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"surū karṇe\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"सुरू करणे\"}, {\"code\": \"mhr\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Mari\", \"roman\": \"tüŋalaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"тӱҥалаш\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"śurū garnu\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"शुरू गर्नु\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"word\": \"c'menchi\"}, {\"code\": \"frr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Frisian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Hallig\"], \"word\": \"öönfange\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"begynne\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"maad-\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"onġinnan\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"âğâzidan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"آغازیدن\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"zacząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"], \"word\": \"estartar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"începe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"нача́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"нача́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sat\", \"lang\": \"Santali\", \"roman\": \"ehop’\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ᱮᱦᱳᱵ\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"tòisich\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"по̀че̄ти\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"започети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"начнути\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"начети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"pòčēti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"započeti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"načnuti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"načeti\"}, {\"code\": \"shn\", \"lang\": \"Shan\", \"roman\": \"tàae\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"တႄႇ\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminzari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminciari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"začať\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"začínať\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"začeti\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"empezar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comenzar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"-anza\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"börja\"}, {\"code\": \"syl\", \"lang\": \"Sylheti\", \"roman\": \"śuru xora\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ꠡꠥꠞꠥ ꠇꠞꠣ\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"magsimula\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rə̂əm\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"เริ่ม\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rə̂əm-dtôn\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"เริ่มต้น\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ตั้งต้น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"başlamak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počynáty\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"почина́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počáty\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"поча́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počynátysja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"почина́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počátysja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"поча́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"scuminsiar\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"bắt đầu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"işə salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru kora\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"শুরু করা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"puskam\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"пускам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starte\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"käynnistää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"rumor\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"laskea liikkeelle\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comezar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"anfangen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"streuen (rumour)\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"gründen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"elindít\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"indít\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"timata\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"ṭan\"}, {\"code\": \"nap\", \"lang\": \"Neapolitan\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"accumencià\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starte\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"ruszyć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"abrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"începe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapuskátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запуска́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapustítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"запусти́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"zapustiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"pustiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"navesti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"fari pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"empezar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comenzar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starta\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"işə salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"startiram\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"стартирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"engegar\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"malichi\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qǐdòng\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"启动\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"käynnistää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"startata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"démarrer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"mettre en route\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"arrancar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"anlassen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"e.g. an engine\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"beindít\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"menjalankan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"avviare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shidō suru\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"始動する\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"menjalankan\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"topics\": [\"computing\", \"engineering\", \"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"natural-sciences\"], \"word\": \"stèrter\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"uruchomić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zapalić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zapuścić\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"ligar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"porni\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapuskátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запуска́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapustítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"запусти́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"pokrenuti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"fari pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"aḍḍumari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zagnati\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"arrancar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starta\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"sätta igång\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kiḷappu\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"கிளப்பு\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward\", \"word\": \"esittää\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"sksvel\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"սկսվել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"započvam\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"започвам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aanvangen\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"komenci\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"note\": \"of motors\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"käynnistyä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"débuter\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"patsákh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"פצח\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"elkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"kezd\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"creare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"avviare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimaru\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"始まる\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"despêkirdin\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"دەسپێکردن\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"word\": \"c'menchi\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zacząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"rozpocząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"нача́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"startovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"стартова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"početi\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"započeti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminciari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"nnartari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"ncignari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"börja\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"kezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"elkezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"megkezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"trepvam\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"трепвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sepvam se\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"сепвам се\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rykke til\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"opschrikken\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hveppa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hätkähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"säpsähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"sursauter\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"zusammenfahren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"zusammenzucken\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rándul\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"összerándul\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"megrezzen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"összerezzen\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hrökkva við\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bikuttosuru\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"びくっとする\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohotata\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hiki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"whilst asleep\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"kōtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hoto\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"kohema\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"poderwać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"sobressaltar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"djórgatʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дёргаться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"djórnutʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дёрнуться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vzdragivatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"вздрагивать\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"leum\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"trznuti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"trgnuti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"abbaguttiri\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"risautari\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rycka till\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"strjaskam se\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"стряскам се\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"vågne med et sæt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"säpsähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"havahtua\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"herätä äkisti\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"auffahren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"aufschrecken\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"felriad\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"hrökkva upp\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tobi-okiru\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"飛び起きる\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zerwać się (z łóżka)\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"risautari\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"komme løs\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"løsrive sig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"irrota\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"sich lösen\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"allintari\"}], \"word\": \"start\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "start/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"}: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"; to stop\", \"word\": \"stop\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"end\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"cease\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"; to finish\", \"word\": \"finish\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"conclude\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"complete\"}], \"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English adverbs\", \"English control verbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English entries with topic categories using raw markup\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English raising verbs\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English verbs\", \"North Levantine Arabic terms with redundant script codes\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Ido translations\", \"Requests for review of Irish translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Romansch translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable\", \"en:Buttons\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"astart\"}, {\"word\": \"bump-start\"}, {\"word\": \"get in the boat and start rowing\"}, {\"word\": \"kick start\"}, {\"word\": \"never start a land war in Asia\"}, {\"word\": \"push-start\"}, {\"word\": \"self-starting\"}, {\"word\": \"start a family\"}, {\"word\": \"start afresh\"}, {\"word\": \"start a fresh hare\"}, {\"word\": \"start a hare\"}, {\"word\": \"start a hare running\"}, {\"word\": \"starter\"}, {\"word\": \"start from where you are\"}, {\"word\": \"start in\"}, {\"word\": \"starting post\"}, {\"word\": \"start in on\"}, {\"word\": \"start over\"}, {\"word\": \"start the ball rolling\"}, {\"word\": \"start-up\"}, {\"word\": \"start with a clean sheet\"}, {\"word\": \"start with a clean slate\"}, {\"word\": \"to start with\"}, {\"word\": \"when the looting starts, the shooting starts\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"¹\", \"name\": \"sup\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"yue\", \"2\": \"撻\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"id\": \"start\", \"tr\": \"taat¹\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"starten\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Dutch: starten\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Dutch: starten\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"starten\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ German: starten\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ German: starten\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nrf\", \"2\": \"stèrter\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norman: stèrter\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norman: stèrter\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"starter\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ French: starter\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ French: starter\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Icelandic: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Icelandic: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fo\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Faroese: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Faroese: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nb\", \"2\": \"starte\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nn\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Swedish: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Swedish: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"starte\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Danish: starte\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Danish: starte\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sk\", \"2\": \"štartovať\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Slovak: štartovať\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Slovak: štartovať\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"sterten\", \"t\": \"to leap up suddenly, rush out\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"styrtan\", \"t\": \"to leap up, start\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*sturtijan\", \"t\": \"to startle, move, set in motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)ter-\", \"t\": \"to be stiff\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"stirta\", \"t\": \"to fall down, tumble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"sterten\", \"t\": \"to rush, fall, collapse\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"storten\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch storten\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"sturzen\", \"t\": \"to hurl, plunge, turn upside down\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"stürzen\"}, \"expansion\": \"German stürzen\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"sterzan\", \"t\": \"to be stiff, protrude\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"stare\"}, \"expansion\": \"stare\", \"name\": \"l\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"starts\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"starting\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"started\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"started\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"start (third-person singular simple present starts, present participle starting, simple past and past participle started)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a stream of water; to start a rumour; to start a business\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"April 2, 1716, Joseph Addison, Freeholder No. 30\", \"text\": \"I was some years ago engaged in conversation with a fashionable French Abbe, upon a subject which the people of that kingdom love to start in discourse.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To set in motion.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"], [\"motion\", \"motion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To set in motion.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 July 19, Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 30\", \"text\": \"Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until they start compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16. Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To begin.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To begin.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start the engine\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"], [\"ready\", \"ready\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1674, William Temple, letter to The Countess of Essex\", \"text\": \"Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they can start.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The rain started at 9:00.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin an activity.\"], \"links\": [[\"activity\", \"activity\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To begin an activity.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The speed limit is 50 km/h, starting at the edge of town.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The blue line starts one foot away from the wall.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have its origin (at), begin.\"], \"links\": [[\"have\", \"have\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"begin\", \"begin\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To have its origin (at), begin.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXXI\", \"text\": \"[...] The tempest's mocking elf\\nPoints to the shipman thus the unseen shelf\\nHe strikes on, only when the timbers start.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To jerk suddenly in surprise.\"], \"links\": [[\"jerk\", \"jerk\"], [\"surprise\", \"surprise\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To jerk suddenly in surprise.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To awaken suddenly.\"], \"links\": [[\"awaken\", \"awaken\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To awaken suddenly.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The hounds started a fox.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.\"], \"links\": [[\"disturb\", \"disturb\"], [\"cause\", \"cause\"], [\"move\", \"move\"], [\"startle\", \"startle\"], [\"alarm\", \"alarm\"], [\"rouse\", \"rouse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(transitive) To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1836, Elizur Wright, Quarterly Anti-slavery Magazine, volume 2, page 162\", \"text\": \"Physical poison would make them start from arsenicked bread; shall not the moral poison which is in it, make them start more promptly still from slave produce?\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To flinch or draw back.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To flinch or draw back.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a bone; the storm started the bolts in the vessel\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate.\"], \"links\": [[\"suddenly\", \"suddenly\"], [\"displace\", \"displace\"], [\"loosen\", \"loosen\"], [\"dislocate\", \"dislocate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(transitive) To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To break away, to come loose.\"], \"links\": [[\"come\", \"come\"], [\"loose\", \"loose\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To break away, to come loose.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Sports\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Brian Glanville, The Story of the World Cup: The Essential Companion to South Africa 2010, London: Faber and Faber, page 361\", \"text\": \"The charge against Zagallo then is not so much that he started Ronaldo, but that when it should surely have been clear that the player was in no fit state to take part he kept him on.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To put into play.\"], \"links\": [[\"sports\", \"sports\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, sports) To put into play.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Nautical\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a water cask\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.\"], \"links\": [[\"nautical\", \"nautical\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, nautical) To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"nautical\", \"transport\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English euphemisms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Have you started yet?\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To start one's periods (menstruation).\"], \"links\": [[\"period\", \"period\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, euphemistic) To start one's periods (menstruation).\"], \"tags\": [\"euphemistic\", \"intransitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/stɑːt/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/stɑɹt/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)t\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"Southern-England\"], \"text\": \"Audio (Southern England)\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-start.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"text\": \"Audio (US)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"stärt\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to begin\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"badaʔa\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"بَدَأَ\"}, {\"code\": \"apc\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Lebanese Arabic\"], \"roman\": \"ballaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"بلّش\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bdā\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بدا\"}, {\"code\": \"ajp\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bada\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"South-Levantine-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بدا\"}, {\"code\": \"ajp\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ballaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"South-Levantine-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بلّش\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"sksel\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"սկսել\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ahurhescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ãnchisescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"apãrnjescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ntsep\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"arombho kor\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"আৰম্ভ কৰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"entamar\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"başlamaq\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačynácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пачына́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"пача́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačynácca\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пачына́цца\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačácca\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"пача́цца\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru kora\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"শুরু করা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zapóčvam\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запо́чвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"póčvam\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"по́чвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"póčna\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"по́чна\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"ca.\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"စ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"adaleniha\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ᎠᏓᎴᏂᎭ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hoi¹ ci²\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"kāishǐ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"začínat\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"začít\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"nizuor\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aanvangen\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"entamer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"débuter\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comença\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comezar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dac̣q̇eba\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"დაწყება\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"anfangen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"dustōdjan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"xekinó\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ξεκινώ\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"árkhomai\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ἄρχομαι\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"komanse\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"śurū karnā\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"शुरू करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"elkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"megkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"kezd\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"byrja\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"noissa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"käyvvä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"lähtiä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aluttaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"täytyä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ruveta\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"cuir tús le\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"cominciare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"iniziare\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじめる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimeru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"word\": \"始める\"}, {\"alt\": \"かいしする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kaishi suru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始する\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじまる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimaru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"始まる\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sijak-hada\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"시작하다\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"despêkirdin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"دەسپێکردن\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"incipiō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ordior\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"initiō\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"tīmata\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"surū karṇe\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"सुरू करणे\"}, {\"code\": \"mhr\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Mari\", \"roman\": \"tüŋalaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"тӱҥалаш\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"śurū garnu\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"शुरू गर्नु\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"word\": \"c'menchi\"}, {\"code\": \"frr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Frisian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Hallig\"], \"word\": \"öönfange\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"begynne\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"maad-\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"onġinnan\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"âğâzidan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"آغازیدن\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"zacząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"], \"word\": \"estartar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"începe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"нача́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"нача́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sat\", \"lang\": \"Santali\", \"roman\": \"ehop’\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ᱮᱦᱳᱵ\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"tòisich\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"по̀че̄ти\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"започети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"начнути\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"начети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"pòčēti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"započeti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"načnuti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"načeti\"}, {\"code\": \"shn\", \"lang\": \"Shan\", \"roman\": \"tàae\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"တႄႇ\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminzari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminciari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"začať\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"začínať\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"začeti\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"empezar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comenzar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"-anza\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"börja\"}, {\"code\": \"syl\", \"lang\": \"Sylheti\", \"roman\": \"śuru xora\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ꠡꠥꠞꠥ ꠇꠞꠣ\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"magsimula\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rə̂əm\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"เริ่ม\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rə̂əm-dtôn\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"เริ่มต้น\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ตั้งต้น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"başlamak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počynáty\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"почина́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počáty\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"поча́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počynátysja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"почина́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počátysja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"поча́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"scuminsiar\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"bắt đầu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"işə salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru kora\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"শুরু করা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"puskam\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"пускам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starte\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"käynnistää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"rumor\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"laskea liikkeelle\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comezar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"anfangen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"streuen (rumour)\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"gründen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"elindít\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"indít\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"timata\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"ṭan\"}, {\"code\": \"nap\", \"lang\": \"Neapolitan\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"accumencià\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starte\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"ruszyć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"abrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"începe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapuskátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запуска́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapustítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"запусти́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"zapustiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"pustiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"navesti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"fari pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"empezar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comenzar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starta\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"işə salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"startiram\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"стартирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"engegar\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"malichi\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qǐdòng\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"启动\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"käynnistää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"startata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"démarrer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"mettre en route\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"arrancar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"anlassen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"e.g. an engine\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"beindít\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"menjalankan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"avviare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shidō suru\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"始動する\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"menjalankan\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"topics\": [\"computing\", \"engineering\", \"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"natural-sciences\"], \"word\": \"stèrter\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"uruchomić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zapalić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zapuścić\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"ligar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"porni\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapuskátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запуска́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapustítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"запусти́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"pokrenuti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"fari pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"aḍḍumari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zagnati\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"arrancar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starta\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"sätta igång\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kiḷappu\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"கிளப்பு\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward\", \"word\": \"esittää\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"sksvel\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"սկսվել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"započvam\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"започвам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aanvangen\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"komenci\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"note\": \"of motors\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"käynnistyä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"débuter\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"patsákh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"פצח\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"elkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"kezd\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"creare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"avviare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimaru\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"始まる\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"despêkirdin\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"دەسپێکردن\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"word\": \"c'menchi\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zacząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"rozpocząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"нача́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"startovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"стартова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"početi\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"započeti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminciari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"nnartari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"ncignari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"börja\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"kezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"elkezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"megkezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"trepvam\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"трепвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sepvam se\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"сепвам се\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rykke til\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"opschrikken\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hveppa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hätkähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"säpsähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"sursauter\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"zusammenfahren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"zusammenzucken\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rándul\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"összerándul\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"megrezzen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"összerezzen\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hrökkva við\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bikuttosuru\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"びくっとする\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohotata\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hiki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"whilst asleep\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"kōtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hoto\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"kohema\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"poderwać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"sobressaltar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"djórgatʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дёргаться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"djórnutʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дёрнуться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vzdragivatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"вздрагивать\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"leum\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"trznuti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"trgnuti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"abbaguttiri\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"risautari\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rycka till\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"strjaskam se\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"стряскам се\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"vågne med et sæt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"säpsähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"havahtua\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"herätä äkisti\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"auffahren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"aufschrecken\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"felriad\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"hrökkva upp\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tobi-okiru\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"飛び起きる\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zerwać się (z łóżka)\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"risautari\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"komme løs\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"løsrive sig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"irrota\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"sich lösen\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"allintari\"}], \"word\": \"start\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "start/English/verb: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\"}: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"; to stop\", \"word\": \"stop\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"end\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"cease\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"; to finish\", \"word\": \"finish\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"conclude\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of \\\"to begin\\\"\", \"word\": \"complete\"}], \"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English 1-syllable words\", \"English adverbs\", \"English control verbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English entries with language name categories using raw markup\", \"English entries with topic categories using raw markup\", \"English ergative verbs\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English raising verbs\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"English terms with audio links\", \"English verbs\", \"North Levantine Arabic terms with redundant script codes\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Ido translations\", \"Requests for review of Irish translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Romansch translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)t/1 syllable\", \"en:Buttons\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"astart\"}, {\"word\": \"bump-start\"}, {\"word\": \"get in the boat and start rowing\"}, {\"word\": \"kick start\"}, {\"word\": \"never start a land war in Asia\"}, {\"word\": \"push-start\"}, {\"word\": \"self-starting\"}, {\"word\": \"start a family\"}, {\"word\": \"start afresh\"}, {\"word\": \"start a fresh hare\"}, {\"word\": \"start a hare\"}, {\"word\": \"start a hare running\"}, {\"word\": \"starter\"}, {\"word\": \"start from where you are\"}, {\"word\": \"start in\"}, {\"word\": \"starting post\"}, {\"word\": \"start in on\"}, {\"word\": \"start over\"}, {\"word\": \"start the ball rolling\"}, {\"word\": \"start-up\"}, {\"word\": \"start with a clean sheet\"}, {\"word\": \"start with a clean slate\"}, {\"word\": \"to start with\"}, {\"word\": \"when the looting starts, the shooting starts\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"¹\", \"name\": \"sup\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"yue\", \"2\": \"撻\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"id\": \"start\", \"tr\": \"taat¹\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"starten\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Dutch: starten\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Dutch: starten\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"starten\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ German: starten\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ German: starten\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nrf\", \"2\": \"stèrter\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norman: stèrter\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norman: stèrter\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"starter\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ French: starter\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ French: starter\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Icelandic: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Icelandic: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fo\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Faroese: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Faroese: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nb\", \"2\": \"starte\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norwegian Bokmål: starte\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nn\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Norwegian Nynorsk: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"starta\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Swedish: starta\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Swedish: starta\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"starte\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Danish: starte\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Danish: starte\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sk\", \"2\": \"štartovať\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Slovak: štartovať\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Slovak: štartovať\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"sterten\", \"t\": \"to leap up suddenly, rush out\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"styrtan\", \"t\": \"to leap up, start\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*sturtijan\", \"t\": \"to startle, move, set in motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”)\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)ter-\", \"t\": \"to be stiff\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"stirta\", \"t\": \"to fall down, tumble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"sterten\", \"t\": \"to rush, fall, collapse\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"storten\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch storten\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"sturzen\", \"t\": \"to hurl, plunge, turn upside down\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"stürzen\"}, \"expansion\": \"German stürzen\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"sterzan\", \"t\": \"to be stiff, protrude\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"stare\"}, \"expansion\": \"stare\", \"name\": \"l\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English sterten (“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), from Old English styrtan (“to leap up, start”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan (“to startle, move, set in motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“to be stiff”). Cognate with Old Frisian stirta (“to fall down, tumble”), Middle Dutch sterten (“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutch storten), Old High German sturzen (“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (German stürzen), Old High German sterzan (“to be stiff, protrude”). More at stare.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"starts\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"starting\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"started\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"started\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"start (third-person singular simple present starts, present participle starting, simple past and past participle started)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a stream of water; to start a rumour; to start a business\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"April 2, 1716, Joseph Addison, Freeholder No. 30\", \"text\": \"I was some years ago engaged in conversation with a fashionable French Abbe, upon a subject which the people of that kingdom love to start in discourse.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To set in motion.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"], [\"motion\", \"motion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To set in motion.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 July 19, Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 30\", \"text\": \"Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until they start compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16. Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To begin.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To begin.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start the engine\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"], [\"ready\", \"ready\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To ready the operation of a vehicle or machine.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1674, William Temple, letter to The Countess of Essex\", \"text\": \"Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they can start.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.\"], \"links\": [[\"begin\", \"begin\"], [\"commence\", \"commence\"], [\"initiate\", \"initiate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To begin, commence, initiate.\", \"To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The rain started at 9:00.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To begin an activity.\"], \"links\": [[\"activity\", \"activity\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To begin an activity.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The speed limit is 50 km/h, starting at the edge of town.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"The blue line starts one foot away from the wall.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have its origin (at), begin.\"], \"links\": [[\"have\", \"have\"], [\"origin\", \"origin\"], [\"begin\", \"begin\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To have its origin (at), begin.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXXI\", \"text\": \"[...] The tempest's mocking elf\\nPoints to the shipman thus the unseen shelf\\nHe strikes on, only when the timbers start.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To jerk suddenly in surprise.\"], \"links\": [[\"jerk\", \"jerk\"], [\"surprise\", \"surprise\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To jerk suddenly in surprise.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To awaken suddenly.\"], \"links\": [[\"awaken\", \"awaken\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To awaken suddenly.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The hounds started a fox.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.\"], \"links\": [[\"disturb\", \"disturb\"], [\"cause\", \"cause\"], [\"move\", \"move\"], [\"startle\", \"startle\"], [\"alarm\", \"alarm\"], [\"rouse\", \"rouse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(transitive) To disturb and cause to move suddenly; to startle; to alarm; to rouse; to cause to flee or fly.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1836, Elizur Wright, Quarterly Anti-slavery Magazine, volume 2, page 162\", \"text\": \"Physical poison would make them start from arsenicked bread; shall not the moral poison which is in it, make them start more promptly still from slave produce?\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To flinch or draw back.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(intransitive) To flinch or draw back.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a bone; the storm started the bolts in the vessel\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate.\"], \"links\": [[\"suddenly\", \"suddenly\"], [\"displace\", \"displace\"], [\"loosen\", \"loosen\"], [\"dislocate\", \"dislocate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"To startle or be startled; to move or be moved suddenly.\", \"(transitive) To move suddenly from its place or position; to displace or loosen; to dislocate.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To break away, to come loose.\"], \"links\": [[\"come\", \"come\"], [\"loose\", \"loose\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive) To break away, to come loose.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Sports\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Brian Glanville, The Story of the World Cup: The Essential Companion to South Africa 2010, London: Faber and Faber, page 361\", \"text\": \"The charge against Zagallo then is not so much that he started Ronaldo, but that when it should surely have been clear that the player was in no fit state to take part he kept him on.\", \"type\": \"quotation\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To put into play.\"], \"links\": [[\"sports\", \"sports\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, sports) To put into play.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Nautical\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to start a water cask\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.\"], \"links\": [[\"nautical\", \"nautical\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, nautical) To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"nautical\", \"transport\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English euphemisms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Have you started yet?\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To start one's periods (menstruation).\"], \"links\": [[\"period\", \"period\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, euphemistic) To start one's periods (menstruation).\"], \"tags\": [\"euphemistic\", \"intransitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/stɑːt/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/stɑɹt/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)t\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-start.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-start.wav.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"Southern-England\"], \"text\": \"Audio (Southern England)\"}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-start.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg/En-us-start.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-start.ogg\", \"tags\": [\"US\"], \"text\": \"Audio (US)\"}, {\"enpr\": \"stärt\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to begin\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"badaʔa\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"بَدَأَ\"}, {\"code\": \"apc\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Lebanese Arabic\"], \"roman\": \"ballaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"بلّش\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bdā\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بدا\"}, {\"code\": \"ajp\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bada\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"South-Levantine-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بدا\"}, {\"code\": \"ajp\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ballaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"South-Levantine-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"بلّش\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"sksel\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"սկսել\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ahurhescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ãnchisescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"apãrnjescu\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ntsep\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"arombho kor\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"আৰম্ভ কৰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"entamar\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"başlamaq\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačynácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пачына́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"пача́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačynácca\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пачына́цца\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pačácca\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"пача́цца\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru kora\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"শুরু করা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zapóčvam\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запо́чвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"póčvam\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"по́чвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"póčna\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"по́чна\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"ca.\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"စ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"adaleniha\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ᎠᏓᎴᏂᎭ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hoi¹ ci²\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"kāishǐ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"开始\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"začínat\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"začít\"}, {\"code\": \"dlm\", \"lang\": \"Dalmatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"nizuor\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aanvangen\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"entamer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"débuter\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comença\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comezar\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"dac̣q̇eba\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"დაწყება\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"anfangen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"dustōdjan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"xekinó\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ξεκινώ\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"árkhomai\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ἄρχομαι\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"komanse\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"śurū karnā\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"शुरू करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"elkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"megkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"kezd\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"byrja\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"noissa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"käyvvä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"lähtiä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"aluttaa\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"täytyä\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ruveta\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"cuir tús le\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"cominciare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"iniziare\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじめる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimeru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"word\": \"始める\"}, {\"alt\": \"かいしする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kaishi suru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"開始する\"}, {\"alt\": \"はじまる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimaru\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\"], \"word\": \"始まる\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sijak-hada\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"시작하다\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"despêkirdin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"دەسپێکردن\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"incipiō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ordior\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"initiō\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"tīmata\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"surū karṇe\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"सुरू करणे\"}, {\"code\": \"mhr\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Mari\", \"roman\": \"tüŋalaš\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"тӱҥалаш\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"śurū garnu\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"शुरू गर्नु\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"word\": \"c'menchi\"}, {\"code\": \"frr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Frisian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Hallig\"], \"word\": \"öönfange\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"begynne\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"maad-\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"onġinnan\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"âğâzidan\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"آغازیدن\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"zacząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Brazil\"], \"word\": \"estartar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"începe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"нача́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"нача́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sat\", \"lang\": \"Santali\", \"roman\": \"ehop’\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ᱮᱦᱳᱵ\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"tòisich\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"по̀че̄ти\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"започети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"начнути\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"начети\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"pòčēti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"započeti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"načnuti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"načeti\"}, {\"code\": \"shn\", \"lang\": \"Shan\", \"roman\": \"tàae\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"တႄႇ\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminzari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminciari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"začať\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"začínať\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"začeti\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"empezar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"comenzar\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"-anza\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"börja\"}, {\"code\": \"syl\", \"lang\": \"Sylheti\", \"roman\": \"śuru xora\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ꠡꠥꠞꠥ ꠇꠞꠣ\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"magsimula\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rə̂əm\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"เริ่ม\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rə̂əm-dtôn\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"เริ่มต้น\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"ตั้งต้น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"başlamak\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počynáty\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"почина́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počáty\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\", \"transitive\"], \"word\": \"поча́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počynátysja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"почина́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"počátysja\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"поча́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"scuminsiar\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to begin\", \"word\": \"bắt đầu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"işə salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śuru kora\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"শুরু করা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"puskam\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"пускам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starte\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"käynnistää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"rumor\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"laskea liikkeelle\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comezar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"anfangen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"streuen (rumour)\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"gründen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"elindít\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"indít\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"timata\"}, {\"code\": \"lus\", \"lang\": \"Mizo\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"ṭan\"}, {\"code\": \"nap\", \"lang\": \"Neapolitan\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"accumencià\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starte\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"ruszyć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"abrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"începe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapuskátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запуска́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapustítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"запусти́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"zapustiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"pustiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"navesti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"fari pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"empezar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"comenzar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to set in motion\", \"word\": \"starta\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"işə salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"startiram\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"стартирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"engegar\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"malichi\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"qǐdòng\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"启动\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"käynnistää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"startata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"démarrer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"mettre en route\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"arrancar\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"anlassen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"note\": \"e.g. an engine\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"beindít\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"menjalankan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"avviare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shidō suru\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"始動する\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"menjalankan\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"topics\": [\"computing\", \"engineering\", \"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"natural-sciences\"], \"word\": \"stèrter\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"uruchomić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zapalić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zapuścić\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"ligar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"porni\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapuskátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"запуска́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zapustítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"запусти́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"pokrenuti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"fari pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"aḍḍumari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"zagnati\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"iniciar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"arrancar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"starta\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"sätta igång\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kiḷappu\", \"sense\": \"to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine\", \"word\": \"கிளப்பு\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward\", \"word\": \"esittää\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aangaan\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"note\": \"1@InFinger-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh 1@InFinger-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"sksvel\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"սկսվել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"započvam\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"започвам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"starten\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aanvangen\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"eki\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"komenci\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"alkaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"aloittaa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"note\": \"of motors\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"käynnistyä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"commencer\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"débuter\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"beginnen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitkhíl\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"התחיל\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"patsákh\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"פצח\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"elkezd\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"kezd\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"creare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"avviare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"hajimaru\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"始まる\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"despêkirdin\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"دەسپێکردن\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\"], \"word\": \"c'menchi\"}, {\"code\": \"fro\", \"lang\": \"Old French\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"comencier\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zacząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"rozpocząć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"começar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načinátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"начина́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"načátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"нача́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"startovátʹ\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\", \"perfective\"], \"word\": \"стартова́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"početi\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"započeti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"attaccari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"accuminciari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"nnartari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"ncignari\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of an activity, to begin\", \"word\": \"börja\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"començar\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"kezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"elkezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"megkezdődik\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to have its origin (at), begin\", \"word\": \"pàrtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"trepvam\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"трепвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sepvam se\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"сепвам се\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rykke til\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"opschrikken\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hveppa\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hätkähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"säpsähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"sursauter\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"zusammenfahren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"zusammenzucken\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rándul\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"összerándul\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"megrezzen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"összerezzen\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hrökkva við\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bikuttosuru\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"びくっとする\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"ohotata\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hiki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"whilst asleep\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"kōtiri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"hoto\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"kohema\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"poderwać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"sobressaltar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"djórgatʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"дёргаться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"djórnutʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"дёрнуться\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vzdragivatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"вздрагивать\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"leum\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"trznuti\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"trgnuti\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"abbaguttiri\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"risautari\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to jerk suddenly in surprise\", \"word\": \"rycka till\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"strjaskam se\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"стряскам се\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"vågne med et sæt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"säpsähtää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"havahtua\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"herätä äkisti\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"auffahren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"aufschrecken\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"felriad\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"hrökkva upp\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tobi-okiru\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"飛び起きる\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zerwać się (z łóżka)\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to awaken suddenly\", \"word\": \"risautari\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"komme løs\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"løsrive sig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"irrota\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"sich lösen\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"to break away, to come loose\", \"word\": \"allintari\"}], \"word\": \"start\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "start",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.