"commencer" meaning in French

See commencer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /kɔ.mɑ̃.se/ Audio: Fr-commencer.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French commencer, from Old French comencier, from Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|commencer|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French commencer, {{inh+|fr|frm|commencer}} Inherited from Middle French commencer, {{inh|fr|fro|comencier}} Old French comencier, {{inh|fr|VL.|*cominitiāre}} Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre Head templates: {{fr-verb}} commencer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], commencer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], commençant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], commencé [participle, past], commence [first-person, indicative, present, singular], commences [indicative, present, second-person, singular], commence [indicative, present, singular, third-person], commençons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], commencez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], commencent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], commençais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], commençais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], commençait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], commencions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], commenciez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], commençaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], commençai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], commenças [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], commença [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], commençâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], commençâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], commencèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], commencerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], commenceras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], commencera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], commencerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], commencerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], commenceront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], commencerais [conditional, first-person, singular], commencerais [conditional, second-person, singular], commencerait [conditional, singular, third-person], commencerions [conditional, first-person, plural], commenceriez [conditional, plural, second-person], commenceraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], commence [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], commences [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], commence [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], commencions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], commenciez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], commencent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], commençasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], commençasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], commençât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], commençassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], commençassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], commençassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], commence [imperative, second-person, singular], commençons [first-person, imperative, plural], commencez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to begin, commence Synonyms: commancer [obsolete] Derived forms: ça commence à bien faire, charité bien ordonnée commence par soi-même, commencement, c’est quand le jeu devient dur que les durs commencent à jouer, pour commencer, tout est bien qui finit bien Related terms: initier
    Sense id: en-commencer-fr-verb-gVU0VkNQ Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -cer, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ht",
            "2": "komanse"
          },
          "expansion": "Haitian Creole: komanse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Haitian Creole: komanse"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "eo",
            "2": "komenci",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Esperanto: komenci",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Esperanto: komenci"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "commencer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French commencer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "commencer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French commencer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "comencier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French comencier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*cominitiāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French commencer, from Old French comencier, from Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençant",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencé",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commences",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençons",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençait",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenciez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençaient",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençai",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenças",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commença",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençâmes",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençâtes",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencèrent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerai",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceras",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencera",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerons",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceront",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerait",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceriez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceraient",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commences",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenciez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençasse",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençasses",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençât",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençassions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençassiez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençassent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençons",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "commencer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -cer",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "ça commence à bien faire"
        },
        {
          "word": "charité bien ordonnée commence par soi-même"
        },
        {
          "word": "commencement"
        },
        {
          "word": "c’est quand le jeu devient dur que les durs commencent à jouer"
        },
        {
          "word": "pour commencer"
        },
        {
          "word": "tout est bien qui finit bien"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It's starting to get on my nerves.",
          "text": "Ça commence à m’énerver.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It was beginning to rain when we left.",
          "text": "Il commençait à pleuvoir quand nous partîmes.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Georges pushed the door, which was open as usual. He gingerly crossed the hall with the slippery tiles, which had been polished too well, and began climbing up the stairs.",
          "ref": "1956, Laurent Adler, À fleur de peau, Paris: Éditions de Paris:",
          "text": "Georges poussa la porte, ouverte comme d’habitude. Il traversa à pas comptés le hall au carrelage glissant, trop bien astiqué, et commença de monter l’escalier.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to begin, commence"
      ],
      "id": "en-commencer-fr-verb-gVU0VkNQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "begin",
          "begin"
        ],
        [
          "commence",
          "commence"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "initier"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "commancer"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-commencer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/Fr-commencer.ogg/Fr-commencer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Fr-commencer.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "commencer"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ça commence à bien faire"
    },
    {
      "word": "charité bien ordonnée commence par soi-même"
    },
    {
      "word": "commencement"
    },
    {
      "word": "c’est quand le jeu devient dur que les durs commencent à jouer"
    },
    {
      "word": "pour commencer"
    },
    {
      "word": "tout est bien qui finit bien"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ht",
            "2": "komanse"
          },
          "expansion": "Haitian Creole: komanse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Haitian Creole: komanse"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "eo",
            "2": "komenci",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Esperanto: komenci",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Esperanto: komenci"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "commencer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French commencer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "commencer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French commencer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "comencier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French comencier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*cominitiāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French commencer, from Old French comencier, from Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençant",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencé",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commences",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençons",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençait",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenciez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençaient",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençai",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenças",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commença",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençâmes",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençâtes",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencèrent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerai",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceras",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencera",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerons",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceront",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerais",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerait",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencerions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceriez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenceraient",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commences",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commenciez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençasse",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençasses",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençât",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençassions",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençassiez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençassent",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commence",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃s/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commençons",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commencez",
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "commencer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "initier"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 3-syllable words",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French first group verbs",
        "French lemmas",
        "French terms derived from Middle French",
        "French terms derived from Old French",
        "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "French terms inherited from Middle French",
        "French terms inherited from Old French",
        "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French terms with quotations",
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "French verbs",
        "French verbs with conjugation -cer",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It's starting to get on my nerves.",
          "text": "Ça commence à m’énerver.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It was beginning to rain when we left.",
          "text": "Il commençait à pleuvoir quand nous partîmes.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Georges pushed the door, which was open as usual. He gingerly crossed the hall with the slippery tiles, which had been polished too well, and began climbing up the stairs.",
          "ref": "1956, Laurent Adler, À fleur de peau, Paris: Éditions de Paris:",
          "text": "Georges poussa la porte, ouverte comme d’habitude. Il traversa à pas comptés le hall au carrelage glissant, trop bien astiqué, et commença de monter l’escalier.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to begin, commence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "begin",
          "begin"
        ],
        [
          "commence",
          "commence"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ.mɑ̃.se/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-commencer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/Fr-commencer.ogg/Fr-commencer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Fr-commencer.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "commancer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "commencer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for commencer meaning in French (11.6kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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