See początek in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "na początku"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "od początku"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "miłe złego początki, lecz koniec żałosny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wziąć początek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brać początek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "początek",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish początek",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "początek"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish początek",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish początek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pocz.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "początek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "początki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"abbr": "pocz."
},
"expansion": "początek m inan (abbreviation pocz.)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"po‧czą‧tek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "u"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "koniec"
},
{
"word": "kres"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 12 13 10 3 4 9 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 9 9 10 10 9 6 4 8 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 9 8 12 13 10 4 4 7 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 8 12 13 11 4 4 8 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning (that from which something begins in time)"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-X5NV14X~",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zaranie"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "koniec"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning (that from which something begins in space)"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-c8NZx3mv",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "koniec"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning (first part that begins some whole)"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-6ZYdMs5i",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 9 4 4 3 7 7 7 11 11 9 5 2 9 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "2 6 3 2 2 7 7 7 13 13 11 3 2 10 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "11 10 9 12 13 10 3 4 9 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 9 9 10 10 9 6 4 8 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 9 8 12 13 10 4 4 7 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 8 12 13 11 4 4 8 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginnings (arising or creation of something)"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-AAuBk~b2",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) beginnings (arising or creation of something)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 9 4 4 3 7 7 7 11 11 9 5 2 9 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 3 2 2 7 7 7 13 13 11 3 2 10 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 12 13 10 3 4 9 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 9 9 10 10 9 6 4 8 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 9 8 12 13 10 4 4 7 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 8 12 13 11 4 4 8 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginnings (first symptoms)"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-egCn-a7p",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) beginnings (first symptoms)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 6 3 2 2 7 7 7 13 13 11 3 2 10 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 12 13 10 3 4 9 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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{
"_dis": "14 9 8 12 13 10 4 4 7 4 15",
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"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 8 12 13 11 4 4 8 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginnings (the first period of something's existence, being somewhere, some part of life)"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-v0wkqiTX",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) beginnings (the first period of something's existence, being somewhere, some part of life)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"cause, reason"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-P7lx6SUB",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) cause, reason"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powód"
},
{
"word": "przyczyna"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"origin, source"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-tSNt4Uuu",
"links": [
[
"origin",
"origin"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) origin, source"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "geneza"
},
{
"word": "pochodzenia"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 9 4 4 3 7 7 7 11 11 9 5 2 9 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first earning of a given period"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-DcuRYw0c",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"earning",
"earning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) first earning of a given period"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"element"
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-RFkpJnIJ",
"links": [
[
"element",
"element"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) element"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "element"
},
{
"word": "pierwiastek"
},
{
"word": "zarodek"
},
{
"word": "żywioł"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 4 4 3 7 7 7 11 11 9 5 2 9 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 3 2 2 7 7 7 13 13 11 3 2 10 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 12 13 10 3 4 9 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 9 9 10 10 9 6 4 8 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 9 8 12 13 10 4 4 7 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 8 12 13 11 4 4 8 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1532, Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy, Słownik łacińsko-polski, page 62:",
"text": "Fundamentum, grvnth, początek",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning; foundation; Further details are uncertain."
],
"id": "en-początek-pl-noun-sePAmHCO",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) beginning; foundation; Further details are uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔˈt͡ʂɔn.tɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɔˈt͡ʂɔ̃.tɛk/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔntɛk"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "początek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔntɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔntɛk/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "na początku"
},
{
"word": "od początku"
},
{
"word": "miłe złego początki, lecz koniec żałosny"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wziąć początek"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brać początek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "początek",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish początek",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "początek"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish początek",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish początek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pocz.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "początek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "początkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "początku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "początki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"abbr": "pocz."
},
"expansion": "początek m inan (abbreviation pocz.)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"po‧czą‧tek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "u"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "koniec"
},
{
"word": "kres"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning (that from which something begins in time)"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zaranie"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "koniec"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning (that from which something begins in space)"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "koniec"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning (first part that begins some whole)"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beginnings (arising or creation of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) beginnings (arising or creation of something)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beginnings (first symptoms)"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) beginnings (first symptoms)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beginnings (the first period of something's existence, being somewhere, some part of life)"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) beginnings (the first period of something's existence, being somewhere, some part of life)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"cause, reason"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) cause, reason"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powód"
},
{
"word": "przyczyna"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"origin, source"
],
"links": [
[
"origin",
"origin"
],
[
"source",
"source"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) origin, source"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "geneza"
},
{
"word": "pochodzenia"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"first earning of a given period"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"earning",
"earning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) first earning of a given period"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"element"
],
"links": [
[
"element",
"element"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) element"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "element"
},
{
"word": "pierwiastek"
},
{
"word": "zarodek"
},
{
"word": "żywioł"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1532, Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy, Słownik łacińsko-polski, page 62:",
"text": "Fundamentum, grvnth, początek",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning; foundation; Further details are uncertain."
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) beginning; foundation; Further details are uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔˈt͡ʂɔn.tɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɔˈt͡ʂɔ̃.tɛk/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔntɛk"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "początek"
}
Download raw JSONL data for początek meaning in Polish (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.