"horticulture" meaning in English

See horticulture in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈhɔː.tɪˌkʌl.tʃə(ɹ)/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈhɔɹ.tɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-horticulture.wav Forms: horticultures [plural]
Etymology: 17th century, from the Latin word hortus (“garden”) + culture (on the model of agriculture). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*ǵʰer-|id=enclose}}, {{root|en|ine-pro|*kʷel-}}, {{der|en|la|-}} Latin Head templates: {{en-noun|-|s}} horticulture (usually uncountable, plural horticultures)
  1. The art or science of cultivating gardens; gardening. Tags: uncountable, usually Categories (topical): Horticulture Translations (the science of caring for gardens): kopshtari [feminine] (Albanian), بَسْتَنَة (bastana) [feminine] (Arabic), այգեգործություն (aygegorcutʻyun) (Armenian), bitkiçilik (Azerbaijani), bağçılıq (Azerbaijani), садо́ўніцтва (sadóŭnictva) [neuter] (Belarusian), садаво́дства (sadavódstva) [neuter] (Belarusian), гаро́днiцтва (haródnictva) [neuter] (Belarusian), агаро́днiцтва (aharódnictva) [neuter] (Belarusian), раслінаво́дства (raslinavódstva) [neuter] (Belarusian), উদ্যানতত্ত্ব (uddanototto) (Bengali), градина́рство (gradinárstvo) [neuter] (Bulgarian), растениевъ́дство (rastenievǎ́dstvo) [neuter] (Bulgarian), horticultura [feminine] (Catalan), 園藝 (Chinese Mandarin), 园艺 (yuányì) (Chinese Mandarin), zahradnictví [neuter] (Czech), havebrug [neuter] (Danish), tuinbouw [masculine] (Dutch), taimekasvatus (Estonian), aiandus (Estonian), puutarhanhoito (Finnish), puutarhanviljely (Finnish), puutarhatalous (Finnish), horticulture [feminine] (French), horticultura [feminine] (Galician), მებაღეობა (mebaɣeoba) (Georgian), Gartenkultur [feminine] (German), Hortikultur [feminine] (German), Gartenbau [masculine] (German), κηπουρική (kipourikí) [feminine] (Greek), κηπευτική (kipeftikí) [feminine] (Greek), גינון (Hebrew), גִּנּוּן (ginún) [masculine] (Hebrew), बाग़बानी (bāġbānī) [feminine] (Hindi), उद्यान-विज्ञान (udyān-vijñān) [masculine] (Hindi), बाग़कारी (bāġkārī) [feminine] (Hindi), kertészet (Hungarian), kertművelés (Hungarian), garðyrkjufræði [feminine] (Icelandic), hortikultura (Indonesian), orticoltura [feminine] (Italian), 園芸 (engei) (alt: えんげい) (Japanese), ガーデニング (gādeningu) (Japanese), ತೋಟಗಾರಿಕೆ (tōṭagārike) (Kannada), бағбаншылық (bağbanşylyq) (Kazakh), баушылық (bauşylyq) (Kazakh), бау-бақша шаруашылығы (bau-baqşa şaruaşylyğy) (Kazakh), 원예 (wonye) (alt: 園藝) (Korean), багбанчылык (bagbancılık) (Kyrgyz), augkopība [feminine] (Latvian), dārzkopība [feminine] (Latvian), sodininkystė [feminine] (Lithuanian), градинарство (gradinarstvo) [neuter] (Macedonian), хортикулту́ра (hortikultúra) [feminine] (Macedonian), هورتيکولتور (hortikultur) (Malay), kulturkebunan (Malay), തോട്ടക്കൃഷി (tōṭṭakkr̥ṣi) (Malayalam), ahumāra (Maori), ahuota (Maori), hagebruk [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), hagebruk [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), orticultura [feminine] (Occitan), باغبانی (bâğbâni) (Persian), Goadekonnst [feminine] (Plautdietsch), ogrodnictwo [neuter] (Polish), horticultura [feminine] (Portuguese), horticultură [feminine] (Romanian), grădinărit [neuter] (Romanian), садово́дство (sadovódstvo) [neuter] (Russian), огоро́дничество (ogoródničestvo) [neuter] (Russian), растениево́дство (rastenijevódstvo) [neuter] (Russian), tuathanachas-gàrraidh [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), цвећа́рство [Cyrillic, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), цвјећа́рство [Cyrillic, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), вртла́рство [Cyrillic, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), хортикулту́ра [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), cvećárstvo [Roman, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), cvjećárstvo [Roman, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), vrtlárstvo [Roman, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), hortikultúra [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), záhradníctvo [neuter] (Slovak), vrtnarstvo [neuter] (Slovene), horticultura [feminine] (Spanish), hortikultur [common-gender] (Swedish), palahalmanan (Tagalog), боғдори (boġdori) (Tajik), боғпарварӣ (boġparvarī) (Tajik), боғшинонӣ (boġšinonī) (Tajik), боғбонӣ (boġbonī) (Tajik), рустанипарварӣ (rustaniparvarī) (Tajik), தோட்டக்கலை (tōṭṭakkalai) (Tamil), தோட்டவியல் (tōṭṭaviyal) (Tamil), бакчачылык (baqçaçılıq) (Tatar), พืชกรรมสวน (Thai), bahçecilik (Turkish), bagbançylyk (Turkmen), садівни́цтво (sadivnýctvo) [neuter] (Ukrainian), горо́дництво (horódnyctvo) [neuter] (Ukrainian), росли́нництво (roslýnnyctvo) [neuter] (Ukrainian), بَاغْبَانِی (bāġbānī) [feminine] (Urdu), باغۋەنچىلىك (baghwenchilik) (Uyghur), bogʻdorchilik (Uzbek), nghề làm vườn (Vietnamese), gadav (Volapük)
    Sense id: en-horticulture-en-noun-9ha6e-yR Disambiguation of Horticulture: 47 53 Disambiguation of 'the science of caring for gardens': 73 27
  2. Small-scale agriculture. Tags: uncountable, usually Categories (topical): Horticulture Translations (small scale agriculture): zahradnictví [neuter] (Czech), tuinderij [feminine] (Dutch), pienviljely (Finnish), φυτοκομία (fytokomía) [feminine] (Greek), garðrækt [feminine] (Icelandic), garðyrkja [feminine] (Icelandic), бавчанџиство (bavčandžistvo) [neuter] (Macedonian), ahumāra (Maori), hagebruk [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), hagebruk [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), záhradníctvo [neuter] (Slovak), jardinería [feminine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-horticulture-en-noun-G8HSSbKU Disambiguation of Horticulture: 47 53 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bengali translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kannada translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Malayalam translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Plautdietsch translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Tamil translations, Terms with Tatar translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Turkmen translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Urdu translations, Terms with Uyghur translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Volapük translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 41 59 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 33 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Bengali translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 26 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 35 65 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 20 80 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 37 63 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 39 61 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 33 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 39 61 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 33 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 30 70 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 33 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Kannada translations: 33 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Malayalam translations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 32 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Plautdietsch translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 34 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 24 76 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 28 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Tamil translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Tatar translations: 26 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Thai translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 28 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkmen translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Urdu translations: 28 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Uyghur translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 29 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Volapük translations: 35 65 Disambiguation of 'small scale agriculture': 5 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: horticultural, horticulturally, horticulturist

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSONL data for horticulture meaning in English (27.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "horticultural"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "horticulturally"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "horticulturist"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰer-",
        "id": "enclose"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷel-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "17th century, from the Latin word hortus (“garden”) + culture (on the model of agriculture).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "horticultures",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "horticulture (usually uncountable, plural horticultures)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "hor‧ti‧cul‧ture"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Horticulture",
          "orig": "en:Horticulture",
          "parents": [
            "Agriculture",
            "Botany",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The art or science of cultivating gardens; gardening."
      ],
      "id": "en-horticulture-en-noun-9ha6e-yR",
      "links": [
        [
          "garden",
          "garden"
        ],
        [
          "gardening",
          "gardening"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kopshtari"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bastana",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "بَسْتَنَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "aygegorcutʻyun",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "այգեգործություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "bitkiçilik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "bağçılıq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "sadóŭnictva",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "садо́ўніцтва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "sadavódstva",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "садаво́дства"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "haródnictva",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "гаро́днiцтва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "aharódnictva",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "агаро́днiцтва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "raslinavódstva",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "раслінаво́дства"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "uddanototto",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "উদ্যানতত্ত্ব"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "gradinárstvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "градина́рство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "rastenievǎ́dstvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "растениевъ́дство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "horticultura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "園藝"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yuányì",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "园艺"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "zahradnictví"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "havebrug"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tuinbouw"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "taimekasvatus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "aiandus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "puutarhanhoito"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "puutarhanviljely"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "puutarhatalous"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "horticulture"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "horticultura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "mebaɣeoba",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "მებაღეობა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gartenkultur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hortikultur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Gartenbau"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kipourikí",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "κηπουρική"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kipeftikí",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "κηπευτική"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "גינון"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "ginún",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "גִּנּוּן"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "bāġbānī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "बाग़बानी"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "udyān-vijñān",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "उद्यान-विज्ञान"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "bāġkārī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "बाग़कारी"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "kertészet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "kertművelés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "garðyrkjufræði"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "hortikultura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "orticoltura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "alt": "えんげい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "engei",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "園芸"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "gādeningu",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "ガーデニング"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "kn",
          "lang": "Kannada",
          "roman": "tōṭagārike",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "ತೋಟಗಾರಿಕೆ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "bağbanşylyq",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "бағбаншылық"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "bauşylyq",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "баушылық"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "bau-baqşa şaruaşylyğy",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "бау-бақша шаруашылығы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "alt": "園藝",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "wonye",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "원예"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "bagbancılık",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "багбанчылык"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "augkopība"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dārzkopība"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sodininkystė"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "gradinarstvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "градинарство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "hortikultúra",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "хортикулту́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "roman": "hortikultur",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "هورتيکولتور"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "kulturkebunan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "tōṭṭakkr̥ṣi",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "തോട്ടക്കൃഷി"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "ahumāra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "ahuota"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hagebruk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hagebruk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "orticultura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bâğbâni",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "باغبانی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Goadekonnst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ogrodnictwo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "horticultura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "horticultură"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "grădinărit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sadovódstvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "садово́дство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ogoródničestvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "огоро́дничество"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rastenijevódstvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "растениево́дство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tuathanachas-gàrraidh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "цвећа́рство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "цвјећа́рство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "вртла́рство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "хортикулту́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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            "neuter"
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          "word": "cvećárstvo"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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            "neuter"
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          "word": "cvjećárstvo"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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            "neuter"
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          "word": "vrtlárstvo"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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            "feminine"
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          "word": "hortikultúra"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "záhradníctvo"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "vrtnarstvo"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "horticultura"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "hortikultur"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "palahalmanan"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġdori",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "боғдори"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġparvarī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "боғпарварӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġšinonī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "боғшинонӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "boġbonī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "боғбонӣ"
        },
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "rustaniparvarī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "рустанипарварӣ"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ta",
          "lang": "Tamil",
          "roman": "tōṭṭakkalai",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "தோட்டக்கலை"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ta",
          "lang": "Tamil",
          "roman": "tōṭṭaviyal",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "தோட்டவியல்"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "baqçaçılıq",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "бакчачылык"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "พืชกรรมสวน"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "bahçecilik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "bagbançylyk"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "sadivnýctvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
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          "word": "садівни́цтво"
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        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "horódnyctvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "горо́дництво"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "roslýnnyctvo",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
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          "word": "росли́нництво"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "bāġbānī",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "بَاغْبَانِی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "baghwenchilik",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "باغۋەنچىلىك"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "bogʻdorchilik"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "nghề làm vườn"
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          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
          "word": "gadav"
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Thai translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Horticulture",
          "orig": "en:Horticulture",
          "parents": [
            "Agriculture",
            "Botany",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Small-scale agriculture."
      ],
      "id": "en-horticulture-en-noun-G8HSSbKU",
      "links": [
        [
          "agriculture",
          "agriculture"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "zahradnictví"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tuinderij"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "word": "pienviljely"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "fytokomía",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φυτοκομία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "garðrækt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "garðyrkja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "bavčandžistvo",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "бавчанџиство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "word": "ahumāra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hagebruk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hagebruk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "záhradníctvo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 95",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "small scale agriculture",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jardinería"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔː.tɪˌkʌl.tʃə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔɹ.tɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-horticulture.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-horticulture.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-horticulture.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "horticulture"
  ],
  "word": "horticulture"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷel-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- (enclose)",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bengali translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kannada translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Malayalam translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Tajik translations",
    "Terms with Tamil translations",
    "Terms with Tatar translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Turkmen translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Urdu translations",
    "Terms with Uyghur translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Volapük translations",
    "en:Horticulture"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "horticultural"
    },
    {
      "word": "horticulturally"
    },
    {
      "word": "horticulturist"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰer-",
        "id": "enclose"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷel-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "17th century, from the Latin word hortus (“garden”) + culture (on the model of agriculture).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "horticultures",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "horticulture (usually uncountable, plural horticultures)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "hor‧ti‧cul‧ture"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The art or science of cultivating gardens; gardening."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "garden",
          "garden"
        ],
        [
          "gardening",
          "gardening"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Small-scale agriculture."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "agriculture",
          "agriculture"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔː.tɪˌkʌl.tʃə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhɔɹ.tɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-horticulture.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-horticulture.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-horticulture.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kopshtari"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bastana",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "بَسْتَنَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "aygegorcutʻyun",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "այգեգործություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "bitkiçilik"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "bağçılıq"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "sadóŭnictva",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "садо́ўніцтва"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "sadavódstva",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "садаво́дства"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "haródnictva",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "гаро́днiцтва"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "aharódnictva",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "агаро́днiцтва"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "raslinavódstva",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "раслінаво́дства"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "uddanototto",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "উদ্যানতত্ত্ব"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "gradinárstvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "градина́рство"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "rastenievǎ́dstvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "растениевъ́дство"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "horticultura"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "園藝"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yuányì",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "园艺"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "zahradnictví"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "havebrug"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tuinbouw"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "taimekasvatus"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "aiandus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "puutarhanhoito"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "puutarhanviljely"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "puutarhatalous"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "horticulture"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "horticultura"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "mebaɣeoba",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "მებაღეობა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gartenkultur"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hortikultur"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gartenbau"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kipourikí",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "κηπουρική"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kipeftikí",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "κηπευτική"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "גינון"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "ginún",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "גִּנּוּן"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "bāġbānī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "बाग़बानी"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "udyān-vijñān",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "उद्यान-विज्ञान"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "bāġkārī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "बाग़कारी"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "kertészet"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "kertművelés"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "garðyrkjufræði"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "hortikultura"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "orticoltura"
    },
    {
      "alt": "えんげい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "engei",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "園芸"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "gādeningu",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "ガーデニング"
    },
    {
      "code": "kn",
      "lang": "Kannada",
      "roman": "tōṭagārike",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "ತೋಟಗಾರಿಕೆ"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "bağbanşylyq",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "бағбаншылық"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "bauşylyq",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "баушылық"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "bau-baqşa şaruaşylyğy",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "бау-бақша шаруашылығы"
    },
    {
      "alt": "園藝",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "wonye",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "원예"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "bagbancılık",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "багбанчылык"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "augkopība"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dārzkopība"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sodininkystė"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "gradinarstvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "градинарство"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "hortikultúra",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "хортикулту́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "roman": "hortikultur",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "هورتيکولتور"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "kulturkebunan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "tōṭṭakkr̥ṣi",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "തോട്ടക്കൃഷി"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "ahumāra"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "ahuota"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hagebruk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hagebruk"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "orticultura"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bâğbâni",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "باغبانی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Goadekonnst"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ogrodnictwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "horticultura"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "horticultură"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "grădinărit"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sadovódstvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "садово́дство"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ogoródničestvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "огоро́дничество"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rastenijevódstvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "растениево́дство"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tuathanachas-gàrraidh"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "цвећа́рство"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "цвјећа́рство"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "вртла́рство"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "хортикулту́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "cvećárstvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "cvjećárstvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "vrtlárstvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hortikultúra"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "záhradníctvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "vrtnarstvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "horticultura"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "hortikultur"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "palahalmanan"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġdori",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "боғдори"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġparvarī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "боғпарварӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġšinonī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "боғшинонӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "boġbonī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "боғбонӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "rustaniparvarī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "рустанипарварӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "tōṭṭakkalai",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "தோட்டக்கலை"
    },
    {
      "code": "ta",
      "lang": "Tamil",
      "roman": "tōṭṭaviyal",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "தோட்டவியல்"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "baqçaçılıq",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "бакчачылык"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "พืชกรรมสวน"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "bahçecilik"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "bagbançylyk"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "sadivnýctvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "садівни́цтво"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "horódnyctvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "горо́дництво"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "roslýnnyctvo",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "росли́нництво"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "bāġbānī",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "بَاغْبَانِی"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "baghwenchilik",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "باغۋەنچىلىك"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "bogʻdorchilik"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "nghề làm vườn"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "the science of caring for gardens",
      "word": "gadav"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "zahradnictví"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tuinderij"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "word": "pienviljely"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "fytokomía",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φυτοκομία"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "garðrækt"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "garðyrkja"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "bavčandžistvo",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "бавчанџиство"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "word": "ahumāra"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hagebruk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hagebruk"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "záhradníctvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "small scale agriculture",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jardinería"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "horticulture"
  ],
  "word": "horticulture"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-07-20 using wiktextract (0af6c06 and 6aeea9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.