See rut in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rutte",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rutte (noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rut",
"4": "",
"5": "noise, roar, bellowing"
},
"expansion": "Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rugītus"
},
"expansion": "Latin rugītus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rutte (noun) and rutten (verb), from Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”), from Latin rugītus, from rugīre (“to roar”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
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]
}
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"expansion": "rut (plural ruts)",
"name": "en-noun"
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sexual desire or oestrus of cattle, and various other mammals."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun-V~3NSIEx",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"oestrus",
"oestrus"
],
[
"mammal",
"mammal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) Sexual desire or oestrus of cattle, and various other mammals."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razgonenost",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разгоненост"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "zel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "發情"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fāqíng",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "发情"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "říje"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "brunst"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bronst"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "kiima"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "kiima-aika"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rut"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Brunft"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Brunst"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"english": "deer",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "bőgés"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "rigyetés"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"english": "grouse",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "dürgés"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"english": "cattle; also copulation in general",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "üzekedés"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estro"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foia"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fregola"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"alt": "はつじょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hatsujō",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "発情"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "baljeong",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "발정"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "rūja"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "riests"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruja"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "razgónetost",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разго́нетост"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "calor"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gèst"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "letz"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "ruja"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cio"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polovája oxóta",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "полова́я охо́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polovóje vozbuždénije",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "полово́е возбужде́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gon",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гон"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "téčka",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "те́чка"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "éstrus",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "э́струс"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"note": "of deer",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dàmhair"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "estrus"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "ruja"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gonitev"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gonjenje"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estro"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "brama"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "celo"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "berrea"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "brunst"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "kızışma"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 7 3 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhidiad"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The noise made by deer during sexual excitement."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun--ugN2~Vm",
"links": [
[
"deer",
"deer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Roaring, as of waves breaking upon the shore; rote."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun-d-rbuYec",
"links": [
[
"Roaring",
"roaring"
],
[
"rote",
"rote"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Marianne Gunderson, \"What is an omega?: Rewriting sex and gender in omegaverse fanfiction\", thesis submitted to the University of Oslo, page 36",
"text": "Proximity to an omega in heat can sometimes cause alphas go into rut, an aggressive need for sexual intercourse usually triggered by the scent of an omega in heat."
},
{
"ref": "2019, Tessa Barone, \"Just Go Find Yourself a Nice Alpha: Gender and Consent in Supernatural Fandom's Alpha/Beta/Omega Universe\", thesis submitted to Oregon State University, page 34",
"text": "All the characters in this story pressure Dean to help Castiel through his rut, and clearly consider Dean’s resistance to be immature and an overreaction."
},
{
"ref": "2019, Chris van der Vegt, \"The Second Genders: Utopia and Dystopia in Stranger Things Omegaverse Fanfiction\", thesis submitted to Utrecht University, page 23",
"text": "Early in Wicked Game, Steve goes into his first-ever rut."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In omegaverse fiction, the intense biological urge of an alpha to mate, typically triggered by proximity to an omega in heat."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun-ubugSjyh",
"links": [
[
"fandom",
"fandom"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"omegaverse",
"omegaverse"
],
[
"alpha",
"alpha"
],
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"omega",
"omega"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fandom slang) In omegaverse fiction, the intense biological urge of an alpha to mate, typically triggered by proximity to an omega in heat."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
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"2": "enm",
"3": "rutte",
"pos": "noun"
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"expansion": "Middle English rutte (noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rut",
"4": "",
"5": "noise, roar, bellowing"
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"expansion": "Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rugītus"
},
"expansion": "Latin rugītus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rutte (noun) and rutten (verb), from Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”), from Latin rugītus, from rugīre (“to roar”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rutting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
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"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 5 8 6 35 6 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 7 3 40 8 17 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be in the annual rut or mating season."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-verb-9O2gmjMy",
"links": [
[
"mating",
"mating"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be in the annual rut or mating season."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blissom"
},
{
"word": "brim"
},
{
"word": "bull"
},
{
"word": "oestruate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razgonvam se",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "разгонвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "říjet"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "være i brunst"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "bronstig zijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "olla kiimassa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "être en rut"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "brunften"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "brunsten"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "bőg"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "rigyet"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "dürög"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "üzekedik (see notes at the noun translations)",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"alt": "さかりがつく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sakari ga tsuku",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "盛りがつく"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "rujoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "se razgónuva",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "се разго́нува"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "estar em cio"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ v oxóte",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "быть в охо́те"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "tjerati se"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "goniti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"roman": "vaṛjaṇu",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "وَڙْجَڻُ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "estar en brama"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "estar en celo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "encelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "löpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "kızışmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "boğasamak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 11 14 4 3 7 22 16 6 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Omegaverse",
"orig": "en:Omegaverse",
"parents": [
"Erotic literature",
"Fan fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Fiction",
"Literary genres",
"Sex",
"Fandom",
"Literature",
"Genres",
"Artistic works",
"All topics",
"Reproduction",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Nature",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have sexual intercourse."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-verb-1mt2qdDB",
"links": [
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have sexual intercourse."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "do it"
},
{
"word": "get some"
},
{
"word": "have sex"
},
{
"word": "copulate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 2 1 29 2 2 26 2 10 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 4 3 22 5 3 24 4 11 7 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 4 2 21 3 4 25 5 12 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 2 22 3 3 26 4 12 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 2 1 29 2 2 26 2 12 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 5 3 21 5 4 23 4 10 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 2 22 3 3 26 4 12 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Bernard Cornwell, The Last Kingdom:",
"text": "“Alfred,” Ragnar continued scathingly. “All he cares about is rutting girls, which is good![…]”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 175:",
"text": "VVhat Piety forbids the luſty Ram / Or more ſalacious Goat, to rut their Dam?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have sexual intercourse with."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-verb-aWGy42ws",
"links": [
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To have sexual intercourse with."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "coitize"
},
{
"word": "go to bed with"
},
{
"word": "sleep with"
},
{
"word": "copulate with"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 5 3 18 6 4 21 4 9 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999 May 22, Joanna Woodcock, “Female dog desire ?”, in alt.animals.dog (Usenet):",
"text": "We have just rescued a dog from a shelter; she has a great personality, except the one problem with her is that she ocassionally likes to \"rut\" against my husband's leg or arm !",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001 September 8, Looney, “On a sidenote”, in alt.underground (Usenet):",
"text": "I'd bend over and wait...and wait...and wait... finally turning around to see him rutting against a table leg.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "Near-synonym: hump"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub the genitals against something for physical stimulation."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-verb-TktbPZmH",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, intransitive) To rub the genitals against something for physical stimulation."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rutway"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stuck in a rut"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Middle English route",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "route",
"4": "",
"5": "road"
},
"expansion": "Middle French route (“road”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Old French route",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Middle English route, from Middle French route (“road”), from Old French route. See also rutter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rut (plural ruts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 2 1 28 3 3 26 2 9 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 3 2 26 3 3 24 4 10 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 2 1 29 2 2 26 2 10 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 19 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 5 21 6 4 21 4 9 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 8 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 4 3 22 5 3 24 4 11 7 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 4 2 21 3 4 25 5 12 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 2 22 3 3 26 4 12 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 2 1 29 2 2 26 2 12 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 5 3 21 5 4 23 4 10 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 5 3 18 6 4 21 4 9 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 5 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 2 22 3 3 26 4 12 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 19 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 5 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 4 20 6 4 22 4 10 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground, as from the passage of many wheels along a road."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun-wtk6rKFx",
"links": [
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
],
[
"groove",
"groove"
],
[
"track",
"track"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "groove"
},
{
"word": "furrow"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "anvakos",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "անվակոս"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kolovoz",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "коловоз"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "轍"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhé",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "辙"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "(vyjetá) kolej"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stopa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "groef"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geul"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spoor"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "radsulko"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "vojsulko"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "uurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "ura"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "ajoura"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ornière"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rilleira"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Furche"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spur"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spurrille"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "uurran"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "wadachi",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "轍"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "salebra"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orbita"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brázda",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бра́зда"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kólovoz",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́ловоз"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodam"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carral"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rega"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "selhon"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rad",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "رد"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "koleina"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sulco"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "urmă"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "făgaș"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "șanț"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "rutină"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolejá",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колея́"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borozdá",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борозда́"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clais"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolotrag"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodera"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "surco"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodada"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sulco"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carrilera"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carrilada"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "lubyak"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "bal-ak"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kolija",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колія"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vybojina",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вибоїна"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "borozna",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борозна"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun-z0Ji1CWR",
"links": [
[
"routine",
"routine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "routine"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rutina",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рутина"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stereotyp"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "zajeté koleje"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vane"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trummerum"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "ura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ornière"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "voie de garage"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Trott"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orbita"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rútina",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ру́тина"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "carral"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotina"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marasmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramerrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "rutină"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "obicei"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rutína",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рути́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privýčka",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "привы́чка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clais"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rutyna",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рутина"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 79 19",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvyčka",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "звичка"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Dull job, no interests, no dates. He's really in a rut.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Paul Weller (lyrics and music), “Going Underground”, in Setting Sons, performed by The Jam:",
"text": "Some people might say my life is in a rut / I'm quite happy with what I got",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dull routine."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-noun-z~07rc44",
"links": [
[
"routine",
"routine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A dull routine."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Middle English route",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "route",
"4": "",
"5": "road"
},
"expansion": "Middle French route (“road”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Old French route",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Middle English route, from Middle French route (“road”), from Old French route. See also rutter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rutting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rut (third-person singular simple present ruts, present participle rutting, simple past and past participle rutted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To make a furrow."
],
"id": "en-rut-en-verb-aID8~98F",
"links": [
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make a furrow."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "rut roh"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nabrazdjavam",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "набраздявам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pravja kolovoz",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "правя коловоз"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "vyjezdit koleje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "uurtaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "sillonner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "furchen"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brázdi",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "бра́зди"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "selhonar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "regar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "lăsa urmă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "face șanț"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borozditʹ",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бороздить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "surcar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "sulcar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sindhi translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Omegaverse"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rutte",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rutte (noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rut",
"4": "",
"5": "noise, roar, bellowing"
},
"expansion": "Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rugītus"
},
"expansion": "Latin rugītus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rutte (noun) and rutten (verb), from Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”), from Latin rugītus, from rugīre (“to roar”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rut (plural ruts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Sexual desire or oestrus of cattle, and various other mammals."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"oestrus",
"oestrus"
],
[
"mammal",
"mammal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) Sexual desire or oestrus of cattle, and various other mammals."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The noise made by deer during sexual excitement."
],
"links": [
[
"deer",
"deer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Roaring, as of waves breaking upon the shore; rote."
],
"links": [
[
"Roaring",
"roaring"
],
[
"rote",
"rote"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English fandom slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Marianne Gunderson, \"What is an omega?: Rewriting sex and gender in omegaverse fanfiction\", thesis submitted to the University of Oslo, page 36",
"text": "Proximity to an omega in heat can sometimes cause alphas go into rut, an aggressive need for sexual intercourse usually triggered by the scent of an omega in heat."
},
{
"ref": "2019, Tessa Barone, \"Just Go Find Yourself a Nice Alpha: Gender and Consent in Supernatural Fandom's Alpha/Beta/Omega Universe\", thesis submitted to Oregon State University, page 34",
"text": "All the characters in this story pressure Dean to help Castiel through his rut, and clearly consider Dean’s resistance to be immature and an overreaction."
},
{
"ref": "2019, Chris van der Vegt, \"The Second Genders: Utopia and Dystopia in Stranger Things Omegaverse Fanfiction\", thesis submitted to Utrecht University, page 23",
"text": "Early in Wicked Game, Steve goes into his first-ever rut."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In omegaverse fiction, the intense biological urge of an alpha to mate, typically triggered by proximity to an omega in heat."
],
"links": [
[
"fandom",
"fandom"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"omegaverse",
"omegaverse"
],
[
"alpha",
"alpha"
],
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"omega",
"omega"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fandom slang) In omegaverse fiction, the intense biological urge of an alpha to mate, typically triggered by proximity to an omega in heat."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razgonenost",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разгоненост"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "zel"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "發情"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fāqíng",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "发情"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "říje"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "brunst"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bronst"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "kiima"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "kiima-aika"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Brunft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Brunst"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "deer",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "bőgés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "rigyetés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "grouse",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "dürgés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "cattle; also copulation in general",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "üzekedés"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fregola"
},
{
"alt": "はつじょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hatsujō",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "発情"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "baljeong",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "발정"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "rūja"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "riests"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruja"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "razgónetost",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "разго́нетост"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "calor"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gèst"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "letz"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "ruja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polovája oxóta",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "полова́я охо́та"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polovóje vozbuždénije",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "полово́е возбужде́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gon",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гон"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "téčka",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "те́чка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "éstrus",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "э́струс"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"note": "of deer",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dàmhair"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "estrus"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "ruja"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gonitev"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gonjenje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "brama"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "celo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "berrea"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "brunst"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"word": "kızışma"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sexual desire or oestrus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhidiad"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sindhi translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Omegaverse"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rutte",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rutte (noun)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rut",
"4": "",
"5": "noise, roar, bellowing"
},
"expansion": "Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rugītus"
},
"expansion": "Latin rugītus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rutte (noun) and rutten (verb), from Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”), from Latin rugītus, from rugīre (“to roar”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rutting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rut (third-person singular simple present ruts, present participle rutting, simple past and past participle rutted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be in the annual rut or mating season."
],
"links": [
[
"mating",
"mating"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be in the annual rut or mating season."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "blissom"
},
{
"word": "brim"
},
{
"word": "bull"
},
{
"word": "oestruate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To have sexual intercourse."
],
"links": [
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have sexual intercourse."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "do it"
},
{
"word": "get some"
},
{
"word": "have sex"
},
{
"word": "copulate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Bernard Cornwell, The Last Kingdom:",
"text": "“Alfred,” Ragnar continued scathingly. “All he cares about is rutting girls, which is good![…]”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 175:",
"text": "VVhat Piety forbids the luſty Ram / Or more ſalacious Goat, to rut their Dam?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have sexual intercourse with."
],
"links": [
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To have sexual intercourse with."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "coitize"
},
{
"word": "go to bed with"
},
{
"word": "sleep with"
},
{
"word": "copulate with"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999 May 22, Joanna Woodcock, “Female dog desire ?”, in alt.animals.dog (Usenet):",
"text": "We have just rescued a dog from a shelter; she has a great personality, except the one problem with her is that she ocassionally likes to \"rut\" against my husband's leg or arm !",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001 September 8, Looney, “On a sidenote”, in alt.underground (Usenet):",
"text": "I'd bend over and wait...and wait...and wait... finally turning around to see him rutting against a table leg.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "Near-synonym: hump"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub the genitals against something for physical stimulation."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, intransitive) To rub the genitals against something for physical stimulation."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razgonvam se",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "разгонвам се"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "říjet"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "være i brunst"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "bronstig zijn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "olla kiimassa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "être en rut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "brunften"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "brunsten"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "bőg"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "rigyet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "dürög"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "üzekedik (see notes at the noun translations)",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut"
},
{
"alt": "さかりがつく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sakari ga tsuku",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "盛りがつく"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "rujoti"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "se razgónuva",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "се разго́нува"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "estar em cio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ v oxóte",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "быть в охо́те"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "tjerati se"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "goniti se"
},
{
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"roman": "vaṛjaṇu",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "وَڙْجَڻُ"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "estar en brama"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "estar en celo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "encelar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "löpa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "kızışmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be in the annual rut",
"word": "boğasamak"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Omegaverse"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rutway"
},
{
"word": "stuck in a rut"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Middle English route",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "route",
"4": "",
"5": "road"
},
"expansion": "Middle French route (“road”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Old French route",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Middle English route, from Middle French route (“road”), from Old French route. See also rutter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rut (plural ruts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground, as from the passage of many wheels along a road."
],
"links": [
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
],
[
"groove",
"groove"
],
[
"track",
"track"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "groove"
},
{
"word": "furrow"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling."
],
"links": [
[
"routine",
"routine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "routine"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Dull job, no interests, no dates. He's really in a rut.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Paul Weller (lyrics and music), “Going Underground”, in Setting Sons, performed by The Jam:",
"text": "Some people might say my life is in a rut / I'm quite happy with what I got",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dull routine."
],
"links": [
[
"routine",
"routine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) A dull routine."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "anvakos",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "անվակոս"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kolovoz",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "коловоз"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "轍"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhé",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "辙"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "(vyjetá) kolej"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stopa"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "groef"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geul"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spoor"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "radsulko"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "vojsulko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "uurre"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "ura"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "ajoura"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ornière"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodeira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rilleira"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Furche"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spurrille"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "uurran"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "wadachi",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "轍"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "salebra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orbita"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brázda",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бра́зда"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kólovoz",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́ловоз"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodam"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carral"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rega"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "selhon"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rad",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "رد"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "koleina"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sulco"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodeira"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "urmă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "făgaș"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "șanț"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "rutină"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolejá",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колея́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borozdá",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борозда́"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clais"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolotrag"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodera"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "surco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rodada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sulco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carrilera"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carrilada"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "lubyak"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"word": "bal-ak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kolija",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колія"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vybojina",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "вибоїна"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "borozna",
"sense": "furrow, groove, or track worn in the ground",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борозна"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rutina",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рутина"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stereotyp"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "zajeté koleje"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vane"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trummerum"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "ura"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ornière"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "voie de garage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Trott"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "orbita"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rútina",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ру́тина"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "rodal"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "carral"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rotina"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marasmo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramerrão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "rutină"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"word": "obicei"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rutína",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рути́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privýčka",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "привы́чка"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clais"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rutyna",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рутина"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvyčka",
"sense": "fixed routine, procedure, line of conduct, thought or feeling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "звичка"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Northern Kurdish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt",
"Rhymes:English/ʌt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Omegaverse"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Middle English route",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "route",
"4": "",
"5": "road"
},
"expansion": "Middle French route (“road”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "route"
},
"expansion": "Old French route",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Middle English route, from Middle French route (“road”), from Old French route. See also rutter.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rutting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rutted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rut (third-person singular simple present ruts, present participle rutting, simple past and past participle rutted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "rut roh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make a furrow."
],
"links": [
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make a furrow."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹʌt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rut.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rut.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹʊt/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nabrazdjavam",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "набраздявам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pravja kolovoz",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "правя коловоз"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "vyjezdit koleje"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "uurtaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "sillonner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "furchen"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "brázdi",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "бра́зди"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "selhonar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "regar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "lăsa urmă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "face șanț"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borozditʹ",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бороздить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "surcar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "make a furrow",
"word": "sulcar"
}
],
"word": "rut"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rut meaning in English (38.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.