See bark on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bark meaning in All languages combined (148.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bark at print"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bark at the wrong tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barking"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barking deer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barking dogs never bite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barking spider"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barking squirrel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bark up the wrong tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bebark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "buy a dog and bark oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dogs bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "don't keep a dog and bark yourself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "have a dog and bark oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "keep a dog and bark oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "the dogs bark, but the caravan goes on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "the dogs bark, but the caravan moves on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "why keep a dog and bark yourself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "park and bark"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "berken"
},
"expansion": "berken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "borken"
},
"expansion": "borken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beorcan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorcan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*berkan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerg-",
"t": "to make a noise, growl, bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-",
"t": "to drone, hum, buzz"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "berkja",
"t": "to bark, bluster"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "barki",
"t": "throat, windpipe"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "burgeti",
"3": "burgė́ti",
"t": "to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "brbljati",
"t": "to murmur"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bearce",
"t": "barking"
},
"expansion": "bearce (“barking”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"alt": "",
"description": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"filename": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"play": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen/core"
},
{
"args": {
"demospace": "",
"other": "ombox"
},
"expansion": "ombox",
"name": "namespace detect"
},
{
"args": {
"class": "",
"date": "",
"image": "",
"imageright": "",
"small": "yes",
"smallimage": "",
"smallimageright": "",
"smalltext": "",
"style": "",
"subst": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;",
"type": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "ombox"
},
{
"args": {
"image": "",
"small": "yes",
"style": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "mbox"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"2": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English barken, berken, borken, from Old English beorcan (“to bark”), from the Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”), from *bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”). Cognate with Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”), Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”), dialectal Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”), Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”). For the noun, compare Old English beorc, bearce (“barking”).\n\nrecorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (third-person singular simple present barks, present participle barking, simple past and past participle barked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 19 37 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The neighbour's dog is always barking.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The seal barked as the zookeeper threw fish into its enclosure.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs)."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-L0kMFIRe",
"links": [
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"noise",
"noise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "give tongue"
},
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "latrate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nabaḥa",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "نَبَحَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yanbaḥ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"non-past"
],
"word": "يَنْبَح"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yenbaḥ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ينبح"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hačʿal",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "հաչալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latru"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bhuka",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ভুকা"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lladrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hürmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "öröw",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "өрөү"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "braxácʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "браха́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pabraxácʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пабраха́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "harzhal"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lája",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ла́я"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lladrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bordar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hulhol"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "fai⁶",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "cdo",
"lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
"roman": "buôi",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wāngwāng jiào",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "汪汪叫"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèi",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hartha"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaghjà"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aghjabà"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ürümek"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "talamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "štěkat"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "štěknout"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gø"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bjæffe"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "blaffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "hab",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ཧབ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "boji"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haukuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "goyggja"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haukkua"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fi",
"english": "once",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haukahtaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aboyer"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "japper"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bajâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "touzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "atouzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aloufar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latir"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaggjà"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "q̇epa",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ყეფა"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gavgízo",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "γαβγίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hulaktéō",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ὑλακτέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "navákh",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "נָבַח"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bha͠uknā",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "भौंकना"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ugat"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gelta"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aboyar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "menggonggong"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "amhastraigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bí ag tafann"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "sceamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"alt": "ほえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoeru",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠える"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoeru",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ほえる"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "pam",
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "kaung"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "zku",
"lang": "Kaurna",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "warru-warrukanthi"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ket",
"lang": "Ket",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ыын"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "luu",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "លូ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "pruh",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ព្រុស"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jitda",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "짖다"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hepa",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ھەپا"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ürüü",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "үрүү"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "hao",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ເຫົ່າ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "rīt"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lātrō"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "riet"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "loti"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "baià"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lae",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лае"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "salak"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gonggong"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "nebaħ"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "taol"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "au"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haru"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "bhuṅkṇe",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "भुंकणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "berken"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xucax",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "хуцах"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "nahałʼin"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "bhuknu",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "भुक्नु"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "nay",
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "yrongumilun"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "ouasser"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ciellat"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gjø"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gjøde"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gjøda"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "beorcan"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "geyja"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "dutuu"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "ræjyn",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "рӕйын"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bhussati"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lâyidan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "لاییدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pârs kardan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "پارس کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "hâp kardan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "هاپ کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "szczekać"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latir"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ch'aqway"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ayñay"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lătra"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "urlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "giappar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "giapar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bubler"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bublar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "üerler"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lájatʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ла́ять"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gávkatʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "га́вкать"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "rāyaṭī",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "रायटी"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "bukkati",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "बुक्कति"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sro",
"lang": "Campidanese Sardinian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "baulare"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Logudorese"
],
"word": "abbaulare"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbagià"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "berk"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bouff"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "comhartaich"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "tabhannaich"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ла̏јати"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "lȁjati"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaiari"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbajari"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "štekať"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brechať"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "havkať"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "lajati"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bohola"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "papagan"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "skälla"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "kahol"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "tahol"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hào",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "เห่า"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "tgb",
"lang": "Tobilung",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "mongusig"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "havlamak"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ürümek"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brexáty",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бреха́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hávkaty",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "га́вкати"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hávknuty",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "га́вкнути"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bajar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bagiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "sủa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "njaffa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "vaulön"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hawer"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "cyfarth"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "ür",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "үр"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "biln",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "בילן"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "havken",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "האַווקען"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lawen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aep"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 30 2",
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "raeuq"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1530, Tyndale, A Pathway into the Holy Scripture",
"text": "And therefore they bark, and say the scripture maketh heretics.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-toPjtmpb",
"links": [
[
"clamor",
"clamor"
],
[
"importunate",
"importunate"
],
[
"outcries",
"outcry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vdigam šum",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "вдигам шум"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "råbe op"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "murista"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "nurista"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "aboyer"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gavgízo",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "γαβγίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vrevi",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "вреви"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "berken"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "bağırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 86 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "qiren"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sergeant barked an order.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 3",
"text": "Plainly he was prepared to bark out an interminable succession of charges against the Wanderer.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011 January 5, Mark Ashenden, “Wolverhampton 1 - 0 Chelsea”, in BBC",
"text": "While McCarthy prowled the touchline barking orders, his opposite number watched on motionless and expressionless and, with 25 minutes to go, decided to throw on Nicolas Anelka for Kalou.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak sharply."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-6tuZBAr9",
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To speak sharply."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "råbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "bjæffe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "blaffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "ärjyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "fi",
"english": "once",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "ärjäistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "blaffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "brüllen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gavgízo",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "γαβγίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rjávkatʹ",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ря́вкать"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rjávknutʹ",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ря́вкнуть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "bağırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "arthio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "zıren"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "all bark and no bite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bark collar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bark mitzvah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "one's bark is worse than one's bite"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "berken"
},
"expansion": "berken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "borken"
},
"expansion": "borken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beorcan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorcan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*berkan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerg-",
"t": "to make a noise, growl, bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-",
"t": "to drone, hum, buzz"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "berkja",
"t": "to bark, bluster"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "barki",
"t": "throat, windpipe"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "burgeti",
"3": "burgė́ti",
"t": "to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "brbljati",
"t": "to murmur"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bearce",
"t": "barking"
},
"expansion": "bearce (“barking”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"alt": "",
"description": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"filename": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"play": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen/core"
},
{
"args": {
"demospace": "",
"other": "ombox"
},
"expansion": "ombox",
"name": "namespace detect"
},
{
"args": {
"class": "",
"date": "",
"image": "",
"imageright": "",
"small": "yes",
"smallimage": "",
"smallimageright": "",
"smalltext": "",
"style": "",
"subst": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;",
"type": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "ombox"
},
{
"args": {
"image": "",
"small": "yes",
"style": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "mbox"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"2": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English barken, berken, borken, from Old English beorcan (“to bark”), from the Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”), from *bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”). Cognate with Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”), Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”), dialectal Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”), Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”). For the noun, compare Old English beorc, bearce (“barking”).\n\nrecorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 19 37 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog, a fox, and some other animals."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-fYSaoN~a",
"links": [
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"fox",
"fox"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 19 37 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 2 11 12 3 1 4 2 3 10 8 8 1 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "en:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1921, The Cambridge History of English and American Literature, volume 11",
"text": "Fox’s clumsy figure, negligently dressed in blue and buff, seemed unprepossessing; only his shaggy eyebrows added to the expression of his face; his voice would rise to a bark in excitement.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1949 January and February, F. G. Roe, “I Saw Three Englands–1”, in Railway Magazine, page 12",
"text": "Long before Shap platform showed up around a corner and the two arms on the gradient post drooped in both directions at once, Duchess of Buccleuch's amiable throbbing purr at the stack [funnel, chimney] had become a fierce freight-engine bark, as she resolutely dragged at her enormous load.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abrupt loud vocal utterance."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-9Anbrk8p",
"links": [
[
"abrupt",
"abrupt"
],
[
"vocal",
"vocal"
],
[
"utterance",
"utterance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) An abrupt loud vocal utterance."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štěkot"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "haukahdus"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gebell"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "reyîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "ewtîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "rewîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bjeff"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "hav"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "havlama"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "bağırma"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "bağırış"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarthiad"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarth"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "qalen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "geblaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nubāḥ",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نُبَاح"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hačʿocʿ",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "հաչոց"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lladríu"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "braxnjá",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "брахня́"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "laj",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лай"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "háŭkannje",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "га́ўканне"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brex",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "laj",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лай"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lladruc"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèi",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "harth"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "talamaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "štěkání"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štěkot"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "gøen"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "geblaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "bojo"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "haukku"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "fi",
"english": "individual",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "haukahdus"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aboiement"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladro"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "q̇epa",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ყეფა"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gebell"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gávgisma",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γάβγισμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "alýchtima",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αλύχτημα"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "el",
"english": "archaism",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ylakí",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "υλακή"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hulagmós",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὑλαγμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nevikhá",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "נביחה"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ugatás"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gá"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hundgá"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gey"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gjamm"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bofs"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tafann"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sceamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abbaiamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "latrato"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"alt": "ほえごえ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoegoe",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "吠え声"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bproh",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ព្រុស"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hepandin",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ھەپاندن"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "werrîn",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "وەڕین"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "reyîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ewtîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "rewîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lātrātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "laež",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лаеж"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "mdh",
"lang": "Maguindanao",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "gebu"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "salak"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "salakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "gonggongan"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "kongkong"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "kung-kung"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "auau"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "mrw",
"lang": "Maranao",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "gebo"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ciellan"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bjeff"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "migiwin"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ġebeorc"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lâyeš",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "لایش"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pârs",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "پارس"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "szczekanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "latido"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "lătrat"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "laj",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лай"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comhart"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла́веж"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lávež"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štekot"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lajež"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladrido"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skall"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "kahol"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "tahol"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "hav"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "havlama"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "havkit",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "гавкіт"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brexnjá",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "брехня́"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "vaul"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"repeated"
],
"word": "vaulam"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarthiad"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarth"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 49",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "lawış"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "park and bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bark bed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Scolytinae spp.",
"word": "bark beetle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bark bread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bark dust"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Coccidae spp.",
"word": "bark louse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bark mill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bark mixture"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centruroides spp.",
"word": "bark scorpion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "beech bark disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "especially Alstonia constricta",
"word": "bitter bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Cartagena bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cinchona spp.",
"word": "China bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "debark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Alstonia scholaris",
"word": "dita bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elm bark beetle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Rhamnus purshiana",
"word": "holy bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Erythrophleum suaveolens",
"word": "Mancona bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "maple bark disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "maple bark stripper's disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Cryptostroma corticale",
"word": "maple bark stripper's disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Melaleuca spp.",
"word": "paperbark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ring-bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "root bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Erythrophleum suaveolens",
"word": "sassy bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Cryptostroma corticale",
"word": "sooty bark disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Eucalyptus spp.",
"word": "stringybark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "throw in the bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tree bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Drimys winteri",
"word": "Winter's bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cinchona spp.",
"word": "yellow bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ringbark"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bark",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "barc",
"4": "",
"5": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English barc (“bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr",
"4": "",
"5": "tree bark"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*birkijǭ",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "*birkijǭ (“birch”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰergo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāxinus",
"3": "",
"4": "ash"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāxinus (“ash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "béržas",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰereg-",
"3": "",
"4": "to gleam; white"
},
"expansion": "*bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bright"
},
"expansion": "English bright",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Danish bark",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "börkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic börkur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "borke"
},
"expansion": "Low German borke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "berk",
"3": "",
"4": "bast"
},
"expansion": "Albanian berk (“bast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bark, from Old English barc (“bark”), from Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”), from Proto-Germanic *barkuz, probably related to *birkijǭ (“birch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo- (compare Latin frāxinus (“ash”), Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”) (compare English bright); akin to Danish bark, Icelandic börkur, Low German borke and Albanian berk (“bast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "bark (countable and uncountable, plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879, Friedrich August Flückiger et al., Pharmacographia..., page 346",
"text": "The hardships of bark-collecting in the primeval forests of South America are of the severest kind, and undergone only by the half-civilized Indians and people of mixed race, in the pay of speculators or companies located in the towns. Those who are engaged in the business, especially the collectors themselves, are called Cascarilleros or Cascadores, from the Spanish word Cascara, bark.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, John Branch, “Snow Fall : The Avalanche at Tunnel Creek”, in New York Time",
"text": "Moving about 70 miles per hour, it crashed through the sturdy old-growth trees, snapping their limbs and shredding bark from their trunks.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-en:tree",
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree."
],
"senseid": [
"en:tree"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "rind"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "bas"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "kap",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "カㇷ゚"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lëvore"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "ləṭ",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ልጥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liḥāʔ",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "لِحَاء"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gedʕ",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جدع"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "keġew",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "կեղև"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "shcoarci"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coaji"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bakoli",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "বাকলি"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "qabıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qabıq",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ҡабыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "oskol"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kará",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кара́"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "chal",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ছাল"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ruskenn"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "korá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора́"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.hkauk",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "အခေါက်"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escorça"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "is̈hoopa"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "uyalv",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ᎤᏯᎸ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "樹皮"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "syu⁶ pei⁴",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "树皮"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "樹皮"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shùpí",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "树皮"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusken"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kůra"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schors"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bast"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "arboŝelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "koor"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "børkur"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "puunkuori"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kaarna"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "parkki"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tuohi"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "écorce"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scuarce"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "paraza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tona"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cortiza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arna"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kerki",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ქერქი"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "de",
"english": "if thicker",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Borke"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "de",
"english": "if thinner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "floiós",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φλοιός"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phloiós",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φλοιός"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "hai",
"lang": "Haida",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "giit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ʻili lāʻau"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qlipá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "קְלִפָּה"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "panit sa kahoy"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "chāl",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "छाल"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kéreg"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "börkur"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kortico"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kulit pohon"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "pepagan"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rúsc"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "snamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rúsc"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteccia"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "scorza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ivb",
"lang": "Ivatan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kodit no kayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"alt": "きのかわ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ki no kawa",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "木の皮"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"alt": "じゅひ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "juhi",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "樹皮"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "csb",
"lang": "Kashubian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kóra"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qabyq",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "қабық"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑmbɑɑk chəə",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "សំបកឈើ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ki",
"lang": "Kikuyu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"class-5"
],
"word": "igoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namukkeopjil",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "나무껍질"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "supi",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "수피"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kabık",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "кабык"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pư̄ak",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ເປືອກ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pư̄ak mai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ເປືອກໄມ້"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "miza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tuoss"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"note": "of a pine and spruce",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "krejš"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cortex"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "miza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tāss"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žievė̃"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tóšis"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rüsca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schuel"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kulit kayu"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "qoxra"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "roost"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "hiako"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mi",
"english": "specifically applied to flaky or scaly bark",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "pāpākiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xoltos",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "холтос"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "qoltusu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠤᠰᠤ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "aháshtʼóózh"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "azhííh"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "bokrā",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "बोक्रा"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "êcorche"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "p'liche dé bouais"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mns-nor",
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"roman": "sūl",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "сӯл"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mns-nor",
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"roman": "hurup",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "хуруп"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "bárku"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bork"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escòrça"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "wanagek"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "wanagekwag"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "qola"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pust-e deraxt",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "پوست درخت"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pust",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "پوست"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tuž",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "توژ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "pjt",
"lang": "Pitjantjatjara",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "likara"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kora"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "łub"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "scoarță"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "korá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора́"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "paʻu"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "valka",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "वल्क"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tvac",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "त्वच्"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tarutvac",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "तरुत्वच्"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corzola"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "stq",
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Boark"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rùsg"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cairt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sgrath"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "kora"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "scorcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kôra"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lubje"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skorja"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lub"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "škóra"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteza"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "srn",
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "buba"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "xsv",
"lang": "Sudovian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sakstis"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "xsv",
"lang": "Sudovian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tosis"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "chamba"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "vyamba"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "gome"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"note": "noun 5/6",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "magome"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "gamba"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "syl",
"lang": "Sylheti",
"roman": "baxol",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ꠛꠣꠇꠟ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "balat ng kahoy"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "balatkahoy"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "püst",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "пӯст"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "qišr",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "қишр"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "paṭṭai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "பட்டை"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "marappaṭṭai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "மரப்பட்டை"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "vaṟkam",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "வற்கம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "porukku",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "பொருக்கு"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qabıq",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "кабык"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "morugu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "మొరుగు"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bplʉ̀ʉak",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "เปลือก"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bplʉ̀ʉak-máai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "เปลือกไม้"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "shing gi pags pa",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ཤིང་གི་པགས་པ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "bo",
"english": "shing pags",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ཤིང་པགས"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "bo",
"english": "shing shun",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ཤིང་ཤུན"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tgb",
"lang": "Tobilung",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "sansag"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ağaç kabuğu"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kabuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "gabyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "korá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора́"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "chāl",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "چھال"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "poʻstloq"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "poʻst"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "qobiq"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scòrç"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "vỏ"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "vỏ cây"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schoice"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pelake"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhisgl"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "skors"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tawv"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "qatırık",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "хатырык"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kore",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קאָרע"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "zne",
"lang": "Zande",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "fuge"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schosse"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "naeng"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6"
],
"word": "igxolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 5 3 19",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6"
],
"word": "ixolo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 25 18 6 2 7 3 5 4 5 1 1 2 6 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 2 26 6 4 4 5 4 9 3 2 2 0 4 4 7 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Peruvian bark or Jesuit's bark, the bark of the cinchona from which quinine is produced."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-BDmECDwd",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Peruvian bark",
"Peruvian bark"
],
[
"Jesuit's bark",
"Jesuit's bark"
],
[
"cinchona",
"cinchona"
],
[
"quinine",
"quinine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Peruvian bark or Jesuit's bark, the bark of the cinchona from which quinine is produced."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 1 16 21 7 2 10 4 6 5 5 1 1 2 5 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hard candy made in flat sheets, for instance out of chocolate, peanut butter, toffee or peppermint."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-en:candy",
"links": [
[
"candy",
"candy"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:candy"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Julie Reinhardt, She-Smoke: A Backyard Barbecue Book, page 151",
"text": "This softens the meat further, but at some loss of crunch to the bark.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The crust formed on barbecued meat that has had a rub applied to it."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-en:crust",
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"barbecue",
"barbecue"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:crust"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The envelopment or outer covering of anything."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-ifqjx2f5",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark",
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ringbark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "barking iron"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bark",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "barc",
"4": "",
"5": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English barc (“bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr",
"4": "",
"5": "tree bark"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*birkijǭ",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "*birkijǭ (“birch”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰergo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāxinus",
"3": "",
"4": "ash"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāxinus (“ash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "béržas",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰereg-",
"3": "",
"4": "to gleam; white"
},
"expansion": "*bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bright"
},
"expansion": "English bright",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Danish bark",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "börkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic börkur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "borke"
},
"expansion": "Low German borke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "berk",
"3": "",
"4": "bast"
},
"expansion": "Albanian berk (“bast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bark, from Old English barc (“bark”), from Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”), from Proto-Germanic *barkuz, probably related to *birkijǭ (“birch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo- (compare Latin frāxinus (“ash”), Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”) (compare English bright); akin to Danish bark, Icelandic börkur, Low German borke and Albanian berk (“bast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (third-person singular simple present barks, present participle barking, simple past and past participle barked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, A. M. Chisholm, A Thousand a Plate",
"text": "Along the river freshly felled and barked trees told of the activity of beaver, and in slow current and in eddies the tops of their winter's food supply lay like submerged brush fences projecting above the surface.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip the bark from; to peel."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-6M0W8FAM",
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"peel",
"peel"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obelvam kora na",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "обелвам кора на"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "afbarke"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "ontschorsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "kuoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "tuohia"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "aisata"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "écorcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "abrinden"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apofloióno",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "αποφλοιώνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xefloudízo",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "ξεφλουδίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "scortecciare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"alt": "じゅひをはぐ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "juhi o hagu",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "樹皮を剥ぐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑk sɑmbɑɑk chəə",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "បកសំបកឈើ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑk",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "បក"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "bḧepê",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "بحەپێ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "brrewê",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "بڕەوێ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "glubo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lušti",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "лушти"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "béshneʼ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "descascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obodrátʹ korú",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ободра́ть кору́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obdirátʹ korú",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обдира́ть кору́"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "rùisg"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "plaoisg"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "descortezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "barka"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "soymak"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "kabuğunu soymak"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "säjalön"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "dirisglo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 7 3 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "rhisglo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to bark one’s heel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2019 May 8, Barney Ronay, “Liverpool’s waves of red fury and recklessness end in joyous bedlam”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Barcelona had been harried and hurried and stretched thin by the midway point in the second half. Tackles flew in. Toes were crushed, shins barked, ankles hacked.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abrade or rub off any outer covering from."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-~AJf6bhp",
"links": [
[
"abrade",
"abrade"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ožulvam",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "ожулвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odiram",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "одирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "skrubbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "schrapen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "kuoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "hiertää"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "hiertyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gdérno",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "γδέρνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xefloudízo",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "ξεφλουδίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obodrátʹ",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "ободра́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obdirátʹ",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "обдира́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "soymak"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "kabuğunu soymak"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To girdle."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-~l5FfJ65",
"links": [
[
"girdle",
"girdle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bark the roof of a hut",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-verb-YyXpFoAa",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"inclose",
"inclose"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 96",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark",
"word": "tække"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 96",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark",
"word": "kattaa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "barc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: barc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: barc"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barke",
"4": "",
"5": "boat"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barke (“boat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "",
"4": "*barica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *barica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "CL.",
"3": "bāris"
},
"expansion": "Classical Latin bāris",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βᾶρις",
"4": "",
"5": "Egyptian boat"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris, “Egyptian boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cop",
"3": "ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ",
"4": "",
"5": "small boat"
},
"expansion": "Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egx-dem",
"3": "br"
},
"expansion": "Demotic br",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egy",
"3": "bꜣjr<hiero>b-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1</hiero>",
"4": "",
"5": "transport ship"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian bꜣjrb-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1 (“transport ship”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "barge, barque and baris"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of barge, barque and baris",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English barke (“boat”), from Middle French barque, from Late Latin barca, a regular syncope of Vulgar Latin *barica, from Classical Latin bāris, from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris, “Egyptian boat”), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”), from Demotic br, from Egyptian bꜣjrb-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1 (“transport ship”). Doublet of barge, barque and baris.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A small sailing vessel, e.g. a pinnace or a fishing smack; a rowing boat or barge."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-GEwj02ZA",
"links": [
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
],
[
"pinnace",
"pinnace"
],
[
"smack",
"smack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A small sailing vessel, e.g. a pinnace or a fishing smack; a rowing boat or barge."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "bootjie"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "aak"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bark",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "барк"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bárka"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "fartøj"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "pursi"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "tuuk",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "ទូក"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "barka",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sanbok",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "سنبک"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barka"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 39 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llong"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1609, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 116",
"text": "It is the star to every wandering bark",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sailing vessel or boat of any kind."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-bGWqTTdl",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) A sailing vessel or boat of any kind."
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"word": "pursi"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"word": "venho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "barka",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bárka",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ба́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "barka"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 54 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llong"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Watercraft",
"orig": "en:Watercraft",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Vehicles",
"Transport",
"Machines",
"All topics",
"Technology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Mark Kurlansky, Cod, page 114",
"text": "Europeans would cross the ocean in large barks built for deck space and large holds.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vessel, typically with three (or more) masts, with the foremasts (or fore- and mainmasts) square-rigged, and mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-fNIlyMFB",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A vessel, typically with three (or more) masts, with the foremasts (or fore- and mainmasts) square-rigged, and mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bricbarca"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "barkskip"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "parkki"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barque"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bárka"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barkur"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "barka",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barca"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bark",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барк"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 17 58",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bricbarca"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An Irish person."
],
"id": "en-bark-en-noun-xD~e3ufa",
"links": [
[
"Irish",
"Irish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, obsolete) An Irish person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sqj-pro",
"3": "*báruka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *báruka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰor-uko-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-uko-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-",
"3": "",
"4": "to carry"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer- (“to carry”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Messapic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάρυκα"
},
"expansion": "βάρυκα (báruka)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bie",
"3": "barrë",
"4": "barrë",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of bie, barrë, and barrë",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Albanian *báruka, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-uko-, from *bʰer- (“to carry”). Compare Messapic βάρυκα (báruka). A doublet of bie, barrë, and barrë.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barqe",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "barqet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqeve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqevet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqesh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqevet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "masculine nouns",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "barqe",
"3": "barku",
"4": "barqet"
},
"expansion": "bark m (plural barqe, definite barku, definite plural barqet)",
"name": "sq-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bark",
"10": "barqeve",
"11": "barkut",
"12": "barqevet",
"13": "barqesh",
"2": "barqe",
"3": "barku",
"4": "barqet",
"5": "bark",
"6": "barqe",
"7": "barkun",
"8": "barqet",
"9": "barku"
},
"name": "sq-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sq",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "sq:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zbërkoj"
},
{
"word": "lëbarke"
}
],
"glosses": [
"belly"
],
"id": "en-bark-sq-noun-WQZ9oWZS",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"belly",
"belly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) belly"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse bǫrkr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "-",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "barken",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "not used in plural form",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, not used in plural form)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, not used in plural form)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "afbarke"
},
{
"word": "afbarkning"
},
{
"word": "barkborer"
},
{
"word": "barkbrun"
},
{
"word": "barkbrød"
},
{
"word": "barkfarve"
},
{
"word": "barkslag"
},
{
"word": "barkstykke"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark (covering of the trunk of a tree)"
],
"id": "en-bark-da-noun-K~MkdPq9",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"ipa": "[b̥ɑːɡ̊]"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "barki"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse barki",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse barki",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barker",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barker",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkerne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkernes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "barker",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "barken",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, plural indefinite barker)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, plural indefinite barker)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "barkernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "barkers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "barkens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "barks",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "barkerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "barker",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "barken",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "bark"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark (large sailing boat)"
],
"id": "en-bark-da-noun-1bX6HUGZ",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"ipa": "[b̥ɑːɡ̊]"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "barkje"
},
"expansion": "bark m (plural barken, diminutive barkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the bark of certain trees, used for its tannin"
],
"id": "en-bark-nl-noun-iLNHf03z",
"links": [
[
"tannin",
"tannin"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑrk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑrk"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg/Nl-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "barki",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: barki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: barki"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "barke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch barke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Old French barque",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch barke, from Old French barque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "barkje"
},
"expansion": "bark f (plural barken, diminutive barkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barge, a large type of rowing or sailing boat"
],
"id": "en-bark-nl-noun-2SWohpfj",
"links": [
[
"barge",
"barge"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑrk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑrk"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg/Nl-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "da",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Danish bark",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barque",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "barica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin barica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βάρις",
"4": "",
"5": "Egyptian boat"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάρις (báris, “Egyptian boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "cop",
"3": "ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ",
"4": "",
"5": "small boat"
},
"expansion": "Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "egy",
"3": "bꜣjr",
"4": "",
"5": "transport ship, type of fish"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian bꜣjr (“transport ship, type of fish”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish bark, from Middle French barque, from Late Latin barca, from Vulgar Latin barica, from Ancient Greek βάρις (báris, “Egyptian boat”), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”), from Egyptian bꜣjr (“transport ship, type of fish”), b-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barkar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkir",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fo-decl-noun-f2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bark f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "barkar",
"3": "barkir"
},
"expansion": "bark f (genitive singular barkar, plural barkir)",
"name": "fo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bark"
},
"name": "fo-decl-noun-f2"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fo",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "fo:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark: A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"id": "en-bark-fo-noun-0e6Ud5k1",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"bark",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) bark: A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barkskip"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barkyn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "English: bark",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: bark"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bark",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bark"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English bark",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bark, from Old Norse bǫrkr, from Proto-Germanic *barkuz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barkes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "barkes"
},
"expansion": "bark (plural barkes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 3 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 3 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 28 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "enm:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 5 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hides",
"orig": "enm:Hides",
"parents": [
"Leatherworking",
"Materials",
"Crafts",
"Manufacturing",
"Society",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark (a tree's covering, often used in leatherworking or as a pharmaceutical)."
],
"id": "en-bark-enm-noun-kUsVriY1",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
],
[
"leatherworking",
"leatherworking#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The exterior layer of a nut or other fruit."
],
"id": "en-bark-enm-noun-U5dqdTbK"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shallow look at something."
],
"id": "en-bark-enm-noun-vvVH9ASO",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, Late Middle English, figurative) A shallow look at something."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barke"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse bǫrkr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nb",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "nb:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hjernebark"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark (outer layer of trunks and branches of trees and bushes)"
],
"id": "en-bark-nb-noun-ROfUYJOp",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Nynorsk"
],
"word": "bork"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:bark"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "fr",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "French barque",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin barca, via French barque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barker",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nb",
"name": "Watercraft",
"orig": "nb:Watercraft",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Vehicles",
"Transport",
"Machines",
"All topics",
"Technology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"id": "en-bark-nb-noun-PUYWlaw4",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"barque",
"barque#English"
],
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:bark",
"no:bark (skip)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fr",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "French barque",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin barca, via French barque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nn",
"name": "Watercraft",
"orig": "nn:Watercraft",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Vehicles",
"Transport",
"Machines",
"All topics",
"Technology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"id": "en-bark-nn-noun-PUYWlaw4",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"barque",
"barque#English"
],
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
],
"wikipedia": [
"nn:bark"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sound",
"orig": "pl:Sound",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barczysty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barczysto"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barczyście"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barczystość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brać na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wziąć na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dźwigać na barkach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obarczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obarczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "składać na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "złożyć na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "spadać na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spaść na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spoczywać na barkach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "impf spocząć na barkach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdejmować z barków"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdjąć z barków"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zrzucać na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrzucić na barki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "barkowy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "bark",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish bark",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish bark",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъrkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъrkъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish bark, from Proto-Slavic *bъrkъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "bark m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 12 11 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "pl:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shoulder (the part of the body between the base of the neck and forearm socket)"
],
"id": "en-bark-pl-noun-5skI1qVo",
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ramię"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "pl:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the side extension of a fort or fortification"
],
"id": "en-bark-pl-noun-DnCDP3w8",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture, historical) the side extension of a fort or fortification"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 3 58 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 7 49 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 57 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 57 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"upper back (area including the shoulder blades from one shoulder to the other)"
],
"id": "en-bark-pl-noun-7OpcoiFl",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) upper back (area including the shoulder blades from one shoulder to the other)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ark"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sound",
"orig": "pl:Sound",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "barkowy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "barque",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English barque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English barque",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "barka"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of barka",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English barque, from Latin barca. Doublet of barka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "bark m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "pl:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 9 88",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Watercraft",
"orig": "pl:Watercraft",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Vehicles",
"Transport",
"Machines",
"All topics",
"Technology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barque (sailing vessel)"
],
"id": "en-bark-pl-noun-GaxmJCTL",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"barque",
"barque"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) barque (sailing vessel)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ark"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "barkbröd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse bǫrkr, from Proto-Germanic *barkuz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barken",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "uncountable",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark c (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "bark c (uncountable)",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bark",
"2": "barken",
"3": "barkar",
"4": "barkarna",
"5": "barks",
"6": "barkens",
"7": "barkars",
"8": "barkarnas",
"base": "bark",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Common"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "barka"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (covering of the trunk of a tree)"
],
"id": "en-bark-sv-noun-K~MkdPq9",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barque (type of ship)"
],
"id": "en-bark-sv-noun-evi3SziT",
"links": [
[
"barque",
"barque#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barkskepp"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*b(i)ark",
"t": "home"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *b(i)ark (“home”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *b(i)ark (“home”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barkı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "barklar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barktan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "barkım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "barkı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "barklar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark (definite accusative barkı, plural barklar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "bark (definite accusative barkı, plural barklar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"poss": "1"
},
"name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barklı"
},
{
"word": "barksız"
}
],
"glosses": [
"home"
],
"id": "en-bark-tr-noun-TqFAWIFQ",
"links": [
[
"home",
"home"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) home"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "evsiz barksız"
},
{
"word": "evli barklı"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ev"
},
{
"word": "hane"
}
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "zbërkoj"
},
{
"word": "lëbarke"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sqj-pro",
"3": "*báruka"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *báruka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰor-uko-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-uko-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-",
"3": "",
"4": "to carry"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer- (“to carry”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Messapic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάρυκα"
},
"expansion": "βάρυκα (báruka)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bie",
"3": "barrë",
"4": "barrë",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of bie, barrë, and barrë",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Albanian *báruka, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-uko-, from *bʰer- (“to carry”). Compare Messapic βάρυκα (báruka). A doublet of bie, barrë, and barrë.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barqe",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "barqet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqeve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqevet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqesh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barqevet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "masculine nouns",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "barqe",
"3": "barku",
"4": "barqet"
},
"expansion": "bark m (plural barqe, definite barku, definite plural barqet)",
"name": "sq-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bark",
"10": "barqeve",
"11": "barkut",
"12": "barqevet",
"13": "barqesh",
"2": "barqe",
"3": "barku",
"4": "barqet",
"5": "bark",
"6": "barqe",
"7": "barkun",
"8": "barqet",
"9": "barku"
},
"name": "sq-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian doublets",
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian masculine nouns",
"Albanian nouns",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian",
"sq:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"belly"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"belly",
"belly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) belly"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afbarke"
},
{
"word": "afbarkning"
},
{
"word": "barkborer"
},
{
"word": "barkbrun"
},
{
"word": "barkbrød"
},
{
"word": "barkfarve"
},
{
"word": "barkslag"
},
{
"word": "barkstykke"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse bǫrkr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "-",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "barken",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "not used in plural form",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, not used in plural form)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, not used in plural form)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (covering of the trunk of a tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"ipa": "[b̥ɑːɡ̊]"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "barki"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse barki",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse barki",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barker",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barker",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkerne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkernes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "barker",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "barken",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, plural indefinite barker)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "bark c (singular definite barken, plural indefinite barker)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "barkernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "barkers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "barkens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "barks",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "barkerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "barker",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "barken",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "bark"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (large sailing boat)"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"ipa": "[b̥ɑːɡ̊]"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old French",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑrk"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "barkje"
},
"expansion": "bark m (plural barken, diminutive barkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the bark of certain trees, used for its tannin"
],
"links": [
[
"tannin",
"tannin"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑrk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑrk"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg/Nl-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old French",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑrk"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "barki",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: barki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: barki"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "barke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch barke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Old French barque",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch barke, from Old French barque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "barkje"
},
"expansion": "bark f (plural barken, diminutive barkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"barge, a large type of rowing or sailing boat"
],
"links": [
[
"barge",
"barge"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑrk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑrk"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg/Nl-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Nl-bark.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Ojibwe translations",
"Requests for review of Swahili translations",
"Requests for review of Thai translations",
"Requests for translations into Lao",
"Requests for translations into Lü",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds",
"en:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bark at print"
},
{
"word": "bark at the wrong tree"
},
{
"word": "barking"
},
{
"word": "barking deer"
},
{
"word": "barking dogs never bite"
},
{
"word": "barking spider"
},
{
"word": "barking squirrel"
},
{
"word": "bark up the wrong tree"
},
{
"word": "bebark"
},
{
"word": "buy a dog and bark oneself"
},
{
"word": "dogs bark"
},
{
"word": "don't keep a dog and bark yourself"
},
{
"word": "have a dog and bark oneself"
},
{
"word": "keep a dog and bark oneself"
},
{
"word": "park and bark"
},
{
"word": "the dogs bark, but the caravan goes on"
},
{
"word": "the dogs bark, but the caravan moves on"
},
{
"word": "why keep a dog and bark yourself"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "berken"
},
"expansion": "berken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "borken"
},
"expansion": "borken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beorcan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorcan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*berkan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerg-",
"t": "to make a noise, growl, bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-",
"t": "to drone, hum, buzz"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "berkja",
"t": "to bark, bluster"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "barki",
"t": "throat, windpipe"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "burgeti",
"3": "burgė́ti",
"t": "to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "brbljati",
"t": "to murmur"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bearce",
"t": "barking"
},
"expansion": "bearce (“barking”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"alt": "",
"description": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"filename": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"play": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen/core"
},
{
"args": {
"demospace": "",
"other": "ombox"
},
"expansion": "ombox",
"name": "namespace detect"
},
{
"args": {
"class": "",
"date": "",
"image": "",
"imageright": "",
"small": "yes",
"smallimage": "",
"smallimageright": "",
"smalltext": "",
"style": "",
"subst": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;",
"type": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "ombox"
},
{
"args": {
"image": "",
"small": "yes",
"style": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "mbox"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"2": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English barken, berken, borken, from Old English beorcan (“to bark”), from the Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”), from *bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”). Cognate with Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”), Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”), dialectal Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”), Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”). For the noun, compare Old English beorc, bearce (“barking”).\n\nrecorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (third-person singular simple present barks, present participle barking, simple past and past participle barked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The neighbour's dog is always barking.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The seal barked as the zookeeper threw fish into its enclosure.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs)."
],
"links": [
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"noise",
"noise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs (said of animals, especially dogs)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "give tongue"
},
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "latrate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1530, Tyndale, A Pathway into the Holy Scripture",
"text": "And therefore they bark, and say the scripture maketh heretics.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries."
],
"links": [
[
"clamor",
"clamor"
],
[
"importunate",
"importunate"
],
[
"outcries",
"outcry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sergeant barked an order.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 3",
"text": "Plainly he was prepared to bark out an interminable succession of charges against the Wanderer.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011 January 5, Mark Ashenden, “Wolverhampton 1 - 0 Chelsea”, in BBC",
"text": "While McCarthy prowled the touchline barking orders, his opposite number watched on motionless and expressionless and, with 25 minutes to go, decided to throw on Nicolas Anelka for Kalou.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak sharply."
],
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To speak sharply."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nabaḥa",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "نَبَحَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yanbaḥ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"non-past"
],
"word": "يَنْبَح"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yenbaḥ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ينبح"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hačʿal",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "հաչալ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latru"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bhuka",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ভুকা"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lladrar"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hürmək"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "öröw",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "өрөү"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "braxácʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "браха́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pabraxácʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пабраха́ць"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "harzhal"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lája",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ла́я"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lladrar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bordar"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hulhol"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "fai⁶",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"code": "cdo",
"lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
"roman": "buôi",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wāngwāng jiào",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "汪汪叫"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèi",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hartha"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaghjà"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aghjabà"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ürümek"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "talamaq"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "štěkat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "štěknout"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gø"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bjæffe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "blaffen"
},
{
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "hab",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ཧབ"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "boji"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haukuma"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "goyggja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haukkua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "once",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haukahtaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aboyer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "japper"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bajâ"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "touzar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "atouzar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aloufar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latir"
},
{
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaggjà"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "q̇epa",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ყეფა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bellen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gavgízo",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "γαβγίζω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hulaktéō",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ὑλακτέω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "navákh",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "נָבַח"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bha͠uknā",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "भौंकना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ugat"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gelta"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aboyar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "menggonggong"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latrar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "amhastraigh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bí ag tafann"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "sceamh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaiare"
},
{
"alt": "ほえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoeru",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "吠える"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoeru",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ほえる"
},
{
"code": "pam",
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "kaung"
},
{
"code": "zku",
"lang": "Kaurna",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "warru-warrukanthi"
},
{
"code": "ket",
"lang": "Ket",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ыын"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "luu",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "លូ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "pruh",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ព្រុស"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jitda",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "짖다"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hepa",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ھەپا"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ürüü",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "үрүү"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "hao",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ເຫົ່າ"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "rīt"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lātrō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "riet"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "loti"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "baià"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lae",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "лае"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "salak"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gonggong"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "nebaħ"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "taol"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "au"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "haru"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "bhuṅkṇe",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "भुंकणे"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "berken"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xucax",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "хуцах"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "nahałʼin"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "bhuknu",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "भुक्नु"
},
{
"code": "nay",
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "yrongumilun"
},
{
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "ouasser"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ciellat"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gjø"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gjøde"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "gjøda"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "beorcan"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "geyja"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "dutuu"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "ræjyn",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "рӕйын"
},
{
"code": "pi",
"lang": "Pali",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bhussati"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lâyidan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "لاییدن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pârs kardan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "پارس کردن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "hâp kardan",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "هاپ کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "szczekać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "latir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ch'aqway"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ayñay"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lătra"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "urlar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "giappar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "giapar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bubler"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bublar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "üerler"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lájatʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ла́ять"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gávkatʹ",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "га́вкать"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "rāyaṭī",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "रायटी"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "bukkati",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "बुक्कति"
},
{
"code": "sro",
"lang": "Campidanese Sardinian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "baulare"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Logudorese"
],
"word": "abbaulare"
},
{
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbagià"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "berk"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bouff"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "comhartaich"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "tabhannaich"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ла̏јати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "lȁjati"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbaiari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "abbajari"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "štekať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brechať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "havkať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "lajati"
},
{
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bohola"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "papagan"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "skälla"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "kahol"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "tahol"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hào",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "เห่า"
},
{
"code": "tgb",
"lang": "Tobilung",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "mongusig"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "havlamak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "ürümek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brexáty",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бреха́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hávkaty",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "га́вкати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hávknuty",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "га́вкнути"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bajar"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "bagiar"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "sủa"
},
{
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "njaffa"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "vaulön"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "hawer"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "cyfarth"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "ür",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "үр"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "biln",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "בילן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "havken",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "האַווקען"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "lawen"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "aep"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "to make a loud noise (dogs)",
"word": "raeuq"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vdigam šum",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "вдигам шум"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "råbe op"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "murista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "nurista"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "aboyer"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gavgízo",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "γαβγίζω"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vrevi",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "вреви"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "berken"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "bağırmak"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to make a clamor",
"word": "qiren"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "råbe"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "bjæffe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "blaffen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "ärjyä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "once",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "ärjäistä"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "blaffen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "brüllen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gavgízo",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "γαβγίζω"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rjávkatʹ",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ря́вкать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rjávknutʹ",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ря́вкнуть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "ladrar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "bağırmak"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "arthio"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to speak sharply",
"word": "zıren"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Ojibwe translations",
"Requests for review of Swahili translations",
"Requests for review of Thai translations",
"Requests for translations into Lao",
"Requests for translations into Lü",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds",
"en:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "all bark and no bite"
},
{
"word": "bark collar"
},
{
"word": "bark mitzvah"
},
{
"word": "one's bark is worse than one's bite"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "berken"
},
"expansion": "berken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "borken"
},
"expansion": "borken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beorcan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorcan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*berkan",
"t": "to bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerg-",
"t": "to make a noise, growl, bark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-",
"t": "to drone, hum, buzz"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "berkja",
"t": "to bark, bluster"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "barki",
"t": "throat, windpipe"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "burgeti",
"3": "burgė́ti",
"t": "to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "brbljati",
"t": "to murmur"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bearce",
"t": "barking"
},
"expansion": "bearce (“barking”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"alt": "",
"description": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"filename": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"play": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen/core"
},
{
"args": {
"demospace": "",
"other": "ombox"
},
"expansion": "ombox",
"name": "namespace detect"
},
{
"args": {
"class": "",
"date": "",
"image": "",
"imageright": "",
"small": "yes",
"smallimage": "",
"smallimageright": "",
"smalltext": "",
"style": "",
"subst": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;",
"type": ""
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "ombox"
},
{
"args": {
"image": "",
"small": "yes",
"style": "",
"text": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"textstyle": "line-height:1.1em;"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "mbox"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sound-of-dog.ogg",
"2": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog"
},
"expansion": "recorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"name": "listen"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English barken, berken, borken, from Old English beorcan (“to bark”), from the Proto-West Germanic *berkan (“to bark”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”), from *bʰer- (“to drone, hum, buzz”). Cognate with Icelandic berkja (“to bark, bluster”), Icelandic barki (“throat, windpipe”), dialectal Lithuanian burgė́ti (“to growl, grumble, grouch, quarrel”), Serbo-Croatian brbljati (“to murmur”). For the noun, compare Old English beorc, bearce (“barking”).\n\nrecorded barks (noun sense 1) of a dog",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog, a fox, and some other animals."
],
"links": [
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"fox",
"fox"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1921, The Cambridge History of English and American Literature, volume 11",
"text": "Fox’s clumsy figure, negligently dressed in blue and buff, seemed unprepossessing; only his shaggy eyebrows added to the expression of his face; his voice would rise to a bark in excitement.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1949 January and February, F. G. Roe, “I Saw Three Englands–1”, in Railway Magazine, page 12",
"text": "Long before Shap platform showed up around a corner and the two arms on the gradient post drooped in both directions at once, Duchess of Buccleuch's amiable throbbing purr at the stack [funnel, chimney] had become a fierce freight-engine bark, as she resolutely dragged at her enormous load.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abrupt loud vocal utterance."
],
"links": [
[
"abrupt",
"abrupt"
],
[
"vocal",
"vocal"
],
[
"utterance",
"utterance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) An abrupt loud vocal utterance."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "blaf"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "geblaf"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nubāḥ",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نُبَاح"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hačʿocʿ",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "հաչոց"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lladríu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "braxnjá",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "брахня́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "laj",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лай"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "háŭkannje",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "га́ўканне"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brex",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "брэх"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "laj",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лай"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lladruc"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèi",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "吠"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "harth"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "talamaq"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "štěkání"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štěkot"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "gøen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "geblaf"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "bojo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "haukku"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "individual",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "haukahdus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aboiement"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladro"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "q̇epa",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ყეფა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gebell"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gávgisma",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "γάβγισμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "alýchtima",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αλύχτημα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"english": "archaism",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ylakí",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "υλακή"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hulagmós",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὑλαγμός"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nevikhá",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "נביחה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ugatás"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gelt"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gá"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hundgá"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gey"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gjamm"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bofs"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tafann"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sceamh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abbaiamento"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "latrato"
},
{
"alt": "ほえごえ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hoegoe",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "吠え声"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bproh",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ព្រុស"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hepandin",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ھەپاندن"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "werrîn",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "وەڕین"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "reyîn"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ewtîn"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "rewîn"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lātrātus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "laež",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лаеж"
},
{
"code": "mdh",
"lang": "Maguindanao",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "gebu"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "salak"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "salakan"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "gonggongan"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "kongkong"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "kung-kung"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "auau"
},
{
"code": "mrw",
"lang": "Maranao",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "gebo"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "ciellan"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bjeff"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "migiwin"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ġebeorc"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lâyeš",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "لایش"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pârs",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "پارس"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "szczekanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "latido"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "lătrat"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "laj",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лай"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comhart"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла́веж"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lávež"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štekot"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lajež"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladrido"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skall"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "kahol"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "tahol"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "hav"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "havlama"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "havkit",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "гавкіт"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brexnjá",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "брехня́"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "vaul"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"repeated"
],
"word": "vaulam"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarthiad"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarth"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "short, loud, explosive utterance",
"word": "lawış"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štěkot"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "haukahdus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gebell"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "reyîn"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "ewtîn"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "rewîn"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bjeff"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "hav"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "havlama"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "bağırma"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "bağırış"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarthiad"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfarth"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "figurative: abrupt utterance",
"word": "qalen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi",
"Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations",
"Requests for review of Swahili translations",
"Requests for translations into Dhivehi",
"Requests for translations into Kannada",
"Requests for translations into Malayalam",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds",
"en:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bark bed"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scolytinae spp.",
"word": "bark beetle"
},
{
"word": "bark bread"
},
{
"word": "bark dust"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Coccidae spp.",
"word": "bark louse"
},
{
"word": "bark mill"
},
{
"word": "bark mixture"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centruroides spp.",
"word": "bark scorpion"
},
{
"word": "beech bark disease"
},
{
"english": "especially Alstonia constricta",
"word": "bitter bark"
},
{
"word": "Cartagena bark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cinchona spp.",
"word": "China bark"
},
{
"word": "debark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Alstonia scholaris",
"word": "dita bark"
},
{
"word": "elm bark beetle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Rhamnus purshiana",
"word": "holy bark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Erythrophleum suaveolens",
"word": "Mancona bark"
},
{
"word": "maple bark disease"
},
{
"word": "maple bark stripper's disease"
},
{
"alt": "Cryptostroma corticale",
"word": "maple bark stripper's disease"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Melaleuca spp.",
"word": "paperbark"
},
{
"word": "park and bark"
},
{
"word": "ringbark"
},
{
"word": "ring-bark"
},
{
"word": "root bark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Erythrophleum suaveolens",
"word": "sassy bark"
},
{
"alt": "Cryptostroma corticale",
"word": "sooty bark disease"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Eucalyptus spp.",
"word": "stringybark"
},
{
"word": "throw in the bark"
},
{
"word": "tree bark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Drimys winteri",
"word": "Winter's bark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cinchona spp.",
"word": "yellow bark"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bark",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "barc",
"4": "",
"5": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English barc (“bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr",
"4": "",
"5": "tree bark"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*birkijǭ",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "*birkijǭ (“birch”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰergo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāxinus",
"3": "",
"4": "ash"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāxinus (“ash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "béržas",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰereg-",
"3": "",
"4": "to gleam; white"
},
"expansion": "*bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bright"
},
"expansion": "English bright",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Danish bark",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "börkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic börkur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "borke"
},
"expansion": "Low German borke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "berk",
"3": "",
"4": "bast"
},
"expansion": "Albanian berk (“bast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bark, from Old English barc (“bark”), from Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”), from Proto-Germanic *barkuz, probably related to *birkijǭ (“birch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo- (compare Latin frāxinus (“ash”), Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”) (compare English bright); akin to Danish bark, Icelandic börkur, Low German borke and Albanian berk (“bast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "bark (countable and uncountable, plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879, Friedrich August Flückiger et al., Pharmacographia..., page 346",
"text": "The hardships of bark-collecting in the primeval forests of South America are of the severest kind, and undergone only by the half-civilized Indians and people of mixed race, in the pay of speculators or companies located in the towns. Those who are engaged in the business, especially the collectors themselves, are called Cascarilleros or Cascadores, from the Spanish word Cascara, bark.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, John Branch, “Snow Fall : The Avalanche at Tunnel Creek”, in New York Time",
"text": "Moving about 70 miles per hour, it crashed through the sturdy old-growth trees, snapping their limbs and shredding bark from their trunks.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree."
],
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree."
],
"senseid": [
"en:tree"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"Peruvian bark or Jesuit's bark, the bark of the cinchona from which quinine is produced."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Peruvian bark",
"Peruvian bark"
],
[
"Jesuit's bark",
"Jesuit's bark"
],
[
"cinchona",
"cinchona"
],
[
"quinine",
"quinine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Peruvian bark or Jesuit's bark, the bark of the cinchona from which quinine is produced."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Hard candy made in flat sheets, for instance out of chocolate, peanut butter, toffee or peppermint."
],
"links": [
[
"candy",
"candy"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:candy"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Julie Reinhardt, She-Smoke: A Backyard Barbecue Book, page 151",
"text": "This softens the meat further, but at some loss of crunch to the bark.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The crust formed on barbecued meat that has had a rub applied to it."
],
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"barbecue",
"barbecue"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:crust"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The envelopment or outer covering of anything."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "bas"
},
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "kap",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "カㇷ゚"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lëvore"
},
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "ləṭ",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ልጥ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liḥāʔ",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "لِحَاء"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "gedʕ",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "جدع"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "keġew",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "կեղև"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "shcoarci"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coaji"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "bakoli",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "বাকলি"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteza"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "qabıq"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qabıq",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ҡабыҡ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "oskol"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kará",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кара́"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "chal",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ছাল"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ruskenn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "korá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора́"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.hkauk",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "အခေါက်"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escorça"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "is̈hoopa"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "uyalv",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ᎤᏯᎸ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "樹皮"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "syu⁶ pei⁴",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "树皮"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "樹皮"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shùpí",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "树皮"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusken"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kůra"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schors"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bast"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "arboŝelo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "koor"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "børkur"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "puunkuori"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kaarna"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "parkki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tuohi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "écorce"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scuarce"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "paraza"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tona"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cortiza"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arna"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kerki",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ქერქი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "if thicker",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Borke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "if thinner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rinde"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "floiós",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φλοιός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phloiós",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φλοιός"
},
{
"code": "hai",
"lang": "Haida",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "giit"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ʻili lāʻau"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "qlipá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "קְלִפָּה"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "panit sa kahoy"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "chāl",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "छाल"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kéreg"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "börkur"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kortico"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kulit pohon"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "pepagan"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rúsc"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coirt"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "snamh"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rúsc"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteccia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "scorza"
},
{
"code": "ivb",
"lang": "Ivatan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kodit no kayo"
},
{
"alt": "きのかわ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ki no kawa",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "木の皮"
},
{
"alt": "じゅひ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "juhi",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "樹皮"
},
{
"code": "csb",
"lang": "Kashubian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kóra"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qabyq",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "қабық"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑmbɑɑk chəə",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "សំបកឈើ"
},
{
"code": "ki",
"lang": "Kikuyu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"class-5"
],
"word": "igoko"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namukkeopjil",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "나무껍질"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "supi",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "수피"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kabık",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "кабык"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pư̄ak",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ເປືອກ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pư̄ak mai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ເປືອກໄມ້"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "miza"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tuoss"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"note": "of a pine and spruce",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "krejš"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cortex"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "miza"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tāss"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žievė̃"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tóšis"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rüsca"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schuel"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kulit kayu"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "qoxra"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "roost"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "hiako"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "specifically applied to flaky or scaly bark",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "pāpākiri"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xoltos",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "холтос"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "qoltusu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠤᠰᠤ"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "aháshtʼóózh"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "azhííh"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "bokrā",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "बोक्रा"
},
{
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "êcorche"
},
{
"code": "nrm",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "p'liche dé bouais"
},
{
"code": "mns-nor",
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"roman": "sūl",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "сӯл"
},
{
"code": "mns-nor",
"lang": "Northern Mansi",
"roman": "hurup",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "хуруп"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "bárku"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bork"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escòrça"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "wanagek"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "wanagekwag"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rind"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "qola"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pust-e deraxt",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "پوست درخت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "pust",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "پوست"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tuž",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "توژ"
},
{
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"code": "pjt",
"lang": "Pitjantjatjara",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "likara"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kora"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "łub"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "scoarță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "korá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора́"
},
{
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "paʻu"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "valka",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "वल्क"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tvac",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "त्वच्"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tarutvac",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "तरुत्वच्"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corzola"
},
{
"code": "stq",
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Boark"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rùsg"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cairt"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sgrath"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "kora"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "scorcia"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kôra"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lubje"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skorja"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lub"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "škóra"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteza"
},
{
"code": "srn",
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "buba"
},
{
"code": "xsv",
"lang": "Sudovian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sakstis"
},
{
"code": "xsv",
"lang": "Sudovian",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tosis"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "chamba"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "vyamba"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "gome"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"note": "noun 5/6",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "magome"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "gamba"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "syl",
"lang": "Sylheti",
"roman": "baxol",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ꠛꠣꠇꠟ"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "balat ng kahoy"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "balatkahoy"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "püst",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "пӯст"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "qišr",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "қишр"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "paṭṭai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "பட்டை"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "marappaṭṭai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "மரப்பட்டை"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "vaṟkam",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "வற்கம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "porukku",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "பொருக்கு"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "qabıq",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "кабык"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "morugu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "మొరుగు"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bplʉ̀ʉak",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "เปลือก"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bplʉ̀ʉak-máai",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "เปลือกไม้"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "shing gi pags pa",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ཤིང་གི་པགས་པ"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "shing pags",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ཤིང་པགས"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "shing shun",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ཤིང་ཤུན"
},
{
"code": "tgb",
"lang": "Tobilung",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "sansag"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "ağaç kabuğu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "kabuk"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "gabyk"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "korá",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора́"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "chāl",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "چھال"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "poʻstloq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "poʻst"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "qobiq"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scòrç"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "vỏ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "vỏ cây"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schoice"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pelake"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rhisgl"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "skors"
},
{
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "tawv"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "qatırık",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "хатырык"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kore",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קאָרע"
},
{
"code": "zne",
"lang": "Zande",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "fuge"
},
{
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schosse"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"word": "naeng"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6"
],
"word": "igxolo"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "exterior covering of a tree",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6"
],
"word": "ixolo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark",
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for attention concerning Northern Mansi",
"Requests for review of Northern Mansi translations",
"Requests for review of Swahili translations",
"Requests for translations into Dhivehi",
"Requests for translations into Kannada",
"Requests for translations into Malayalam",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds",
"en:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barking iron"
},
{
"word": "ringbark"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bark",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "barc",
"4": "",
"5": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English barc (“bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr",
"4": "",
"5": "tree bark"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*birkijǭ",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "*birkijǭ (“birch”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰergo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāxinus",
"3": "",
"4": "ash"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāxinus (“ash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "béržas",
"3": "",
"4": "birch"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰereg-",
"3": "",
"4": "to gleam; white"
},
"expansion": "*bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bright"
},
"expansion": "English bright",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Danish bark",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "börkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic börkur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "borke"
},
"expansion": "Low German borke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "berk",
"3": "",
"4": "bast"
},
"expansion": "Albanian berk (“bast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bark, from Old English barc (“bark”), from Old Norse bǫrkr (“tree bark”), from Proto-Germanic *barkuz, probably related to *birkijǭ (“birch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergo- (compare Latin frāxinus (“ash”), Lithuanian béržas (“birch”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰereg- (“to gleam; white”) (compare English bright); akin to Danish bark, Icelandic börkur, Low German borke and Albanian berk (“bast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (third-person singular simple present barks, present participle barking, simple past and past participle barked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, A. M. Chisholm, A Thousand a Plate",
"text": "Along the river freshly felled and barked trees told of the activity of beaver, and in slow current and in eddies the tops of their winter's food supply lay like submerged brush fences projecting above the surface.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strip the bark from; to peel."
],
"links": [
[
"strip",
"strip"
],
[
"peel",
"peel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to bark one’s heel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2019 May 8, Barney Ronay, “Liverpool’s waves of red fury and recklessness end in joyous bedlam”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Barcelona had been harried and hurried and stretched thin by the midway point in the second half. Tackles flew in. Toes were crushed, shins barked, ankles hacked.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abrade or rub off any outer covering from."
],
"links": [
[
"abrade",
"abrade"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To girdle."
],
"links": [
[
"girdle",
"girdle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bark the roof of a hut",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark."
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"inclose",
"inclose"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obelvam kora na",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "обелвам кора на"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "afbarke"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "ontschorsen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "kuoria"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "of a birch",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "tuohia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "aisata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "écorcer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "abrinden"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apofloióno",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "αποφλοιώνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xefloudízo",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "ξεφλουδίζω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "scortecciare"
},
{
"alt": "じゅひをはぐ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "juhi o hagu",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "樹皮を剥ぐ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑk sɑmbɑɑk chəə",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "បកសំបកឈើ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑk",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "បក"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "bḧepê",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "بحەپێ"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "brrewê",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "بڕەوێ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "glubo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lušti",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "лушти"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "béshneʼ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "descascar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obodrátʹ korú",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ободра́ть кору́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obdirátʹ korú",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обдира́ть кору́"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "rùisg"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "plaoisg"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "descortezar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "barka"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "soymak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "kabuğunu soymak"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "säjalön"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "dirisglo"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to strip the bark from, to peel",
"word": "rhisglo"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ožulvam",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "ожулвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odiram",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "одирам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "skrubbe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "schrapen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "kuoria"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"word": "hiertää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"word": "hiertyä"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gdérno",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "γδέρνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xefloudízo",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "ξεφλουδίζω"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obodrátʹ",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "ободра́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obdirátʹ",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "обдира́ть"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "soymak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to abrade or rub off any outer covering from",
"word": "kabuğunu soymak"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark",
"word": "tække"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark",
"word": "kattaa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Classical Latin",
"English terms derived from Coptic",
"English terms derived from Demotic",
"English terms derived from Egyptian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds",
"en:Botany"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "barc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: barc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: barc"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barke",
"4": "",
"5": "boat"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barke (“boat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "",
"4": "*barica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *barica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "CL.",
"3": "bāris"
},
"expansion": "Classical Latin bāris",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βᾶρις",
"4": "",
"5": "Egyptian boat"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris, “Egyptian boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cop",
"3": "ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ",
"4": "",
"5": "small boat"
},
"expansion": "Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egx-dem",
"3": "br"
},
"expansion": "Demotic br",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egy",
"3": "bꜣjr<hiero>b-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1</hiero>",
"4": "",
"5": "transport ship"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian bꜣjrb-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1 (“transport ship”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "barge, barque and baris"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of barge, barque and baris",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English barke (“boat”), from Middle French barque, from Late Latin barca, a regular syncope of Vulgar Latin *barica, from Classical Latin bāris, from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris, “Egyptian boat”), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”), from Demotic br, from Egyptian bꜣjrb-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1 (“transport ship”). Doublet of barge, barque and baris.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A small sailing vessel, e.g. a pinnace or a fishing smack; a rowing boat or barge."
],
"links": [
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
],
[
"pinnace",
"pinnace"
],
[
"smack",
"smack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A small sailing vessel, e.g. a pinnace or a fishing smack; a rowing boat or barge."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1609, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 116",
"text": "It is the star to every wandering bark",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sailing vessel or boat of any kind."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) A sailing vessel or boat of any kind."
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Watercraft"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Mark Kurlansky, Cod, page 114",
"text": "Europeans would cross the ocean in large barks built for deck space and large holds.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vessel, typically with three (or more) masts, with the foremasts (or fore- and mainmasts) square-rigged, and mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A vessel, typically with three (or more) masts, with the foremasts (or fore- and mainmasts) square-rigged, and mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barque"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "bootjie"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "aak"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bark",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "барк"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bárka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "fartøj"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "pursi"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "tuuk",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "ទូក"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "barka",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sanbok",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"word": "سنبک"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barka"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "small sailing vessel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llong"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"word": "pursi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"word": "venho"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "barka",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bárka",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ба́рка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "barka"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "poetic term for a boat",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llong"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bricbarca"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "barkskip"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "parkki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barque"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bark"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"word": "bárka"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barkur"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "barka",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барка"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barca"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bark",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барк"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "three-masted vessel, foremast and mainmast square-rigged, mizzenmast schooner-rigged",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bricbarca"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds",
"en:Botany"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "barks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bark (plural barks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An Irish person."
],
"links": [
[
"Irish",
"Irish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, obsolete) An Irish person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɹk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"homophone": "barque"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg/En-uk-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/En-uk-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bark.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg/En-us-bark.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-us-bark.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "barke"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bark (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "da",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Danish bark",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barque",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "barica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin barica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βάρις",
"4": "",
"5": "Egyptian boat"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάρις (báris, “Egyptian boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "cop",
"3": "ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ",
"4": "",
"5": "small boat"
},
"expansion": "Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "egy",
"3": "bꜣjr",
"4": "",
"5": "transport ship, type of fish"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian bꜣjr (“transport ship, type of fish”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish bark, from Middle French barque, from Late Latin barca, from Vulgar Latin barica, from Ancient Greek βάρις (báris, “Egyptian boat”), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”), from Egyptian bꜣjr (“transport ship, type of fish”), b-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barkar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkir",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fo-decl-noun-f2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bark f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "barkar",
"3": "barkir"
},
"expansion": "bark f (genitive singular barkar, plural barkir)",
"name": "fo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bark"
},
"name": "fo-decl-noun-f2"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese feminine nouns",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese nouns",
"Faroese terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Faroese terms derived from Coptic",
"Faroese terms derived from Danish",
"Faroese terms derived from Egyptian",
"Faroese terms derived from Late Latin",
"Faroese terms derived from Middle French",
"Faroese terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"fo:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"bark: A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"bark",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) bark: A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barkskip"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Botany",
"enm:Hides",
"enm:Medicine"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barker"
},
{
"word": "barkyn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "English: bark",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: bark"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bark",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bark"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Old English bark",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bark, from Old Norse bǫrkr, from Proto-Germanic *barkuz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barkes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "barkes"
},
"expansion": "bark (plural barkes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (a tree's covering, often used in leatherworking or as a pharmaceutical)."
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
],
[
"leatherworking",
"leatherworking#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The exterior layer of a nut or other fruit."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A shallow look at something."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, Late Middle English, figurative) A shallow look at something."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barke"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"nb:Botany"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hjernebark"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse bǫrkr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Nynorsk"
],
"word": "bork"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (outer layer of trunks and branches of trees and bushes)"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:bark"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"nb:Botany"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "fr",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "French barque",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin barca, via French barque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barker",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nb:Watercraft"
],
"glosses": [
"a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"barque",
"barque#English"
],
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:bark",
"no:bark (skip)"
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fr",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "French barque",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin barca, via French barque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from French",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Late Latin",
"nn:Watercraft"
],
"glosses": [
"a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"barque",
"barque#English"
],
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a barque or bark (type of sailing ship)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
],
"wikipedia": [
"nn:bark"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ark",
"Rhymes:Polish/ark/1 syllable",
"pl:Anatomy",
"pl:Sound",
"pl:Watercraft"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barczysty"
},
{
"word": "barkowy"
},
{
"word": "barczysto"
},
{
"word": "barczyście"
},
{
"word": "barczystość"
},
{
"word": "barki"
},
{
"word": "bary"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brać na barki"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wziąć na barki"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dźwigać na barkach"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obarczać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obarczyć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "składać na barki"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "złożyć na barki"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "spadać na barki"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spaść na barki"
},
{
"word": "spoczywać na barkach"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "impf spocząć na barkach"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdejmować z barków"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdjąć z barków"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zrzucać na barki"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrzucić na barki"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "bark",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish bark",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish bark",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъrkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъrkъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish bark, from Proto-Slavic *bъrkъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "bark m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shoulder (the part of the body between the base of the neck and forearm socket)"
],
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ramię"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"pl:Architecture"
],
"glosses": [
"the side extension of a fort or fortification"
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture, historical) the side extension of a fort or fortification"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"upper back (area including the shoulder blades from one shoulder to the other)"
],
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) upper back (area including the shoulder blades from one shoulder to the other)"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ark"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ark",
"Rhymes:Polish/ark/1 syllable",
"pl:Anatomy",
"pl:Sound",
"pl:Watercraft"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barkowy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "barque",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English barque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "barque"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English barque",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "barca"
},
"expansion": "Latin barca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "barka"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of barka",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English barque, from Latin barca. Doublet of barka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "barki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "bark m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bark"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"barque (sailing vessel)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"barque",
"barque"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) barque (sailing vessel)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bark/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ark"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish uncountable nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barkbröd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "bǫrkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bǫrkr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barkuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barkuz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse bǫrkr, from Proto-Germanic *barkuz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barken",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkarna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkarnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "uncountable",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark c (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "bark c (uncountable)",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bark",
"2": "barken",
"3": "barkar",
"4": "barkarna",
"5": "barks",
"6": "barkens",
"7": "barkars",
"8": "barkarnas",
"base": "bark",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Common"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "barka"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (covering of the trunk of a tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"barque (type of ship)"
],
"links": [
[
"barque",
"barque#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barkskepp"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "barklı"
},
{
"word": "barksız"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*b(i)ark",
"t": "home"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *b(i)ark (“home”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *b(i)ark (“home”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barkı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "barklar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bark",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barktan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "barkım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barkının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barkımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barkınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barklarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "barkı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "barklar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bark (definite accusative barkı, plural barklar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "bark (definite accusative barkı, plural barklar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"poss": "1"
},
"name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "evsiz barksız"
},
{
"word": "evli barklı"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish idioms",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
],
"glosses": [
"home"
],
"links": [
[
"home",
"home"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) home"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ev"
},
{
"word": "hane"
}
],
"word": "bark"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.